Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of self-locking press machines convenient for pressure maintaining.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of self-locking press machine, including base and
Press device above base, the press device are connect by support post with base;
The press device includes crossbeam, lifting column, gear shaft and driving mechanism, one end of the crossbeam and support post
Upper end it is affixed, vertical sliding eye is provided in the other end of crossbeam;Compatible lifting column is provided in the sliding eye,
The lower end of the lifting column is fixedly installed pressure head, and lifting column trailing flank is provided with vertically extending rack gear;The lifting column
The installation cavity being connected to sliding eye is provided in the crossbeam of rear side;The both ends of the gear shaft are mounted on an installation cavity left side by bearing
On the crossbeam of right two sides, the gear part of gear shaft is located in installation cavity, and is meshed with the rack gear on lifting column;The one of gear shaft
End is connect with driving mechanism;
Described gear shaft one end is additionally provided with from lock set, it is described from lock set include ratchet and pawl, the ratchet sleeve
It is located on the circumferential surface of gear shaft one end and affixed with gear shaft;It is cut with scissors by the side wall of articulated shaft and crossbeam at the middle part of the pawl
It connects, one end of pawl is resisted against on ratchet, and the other end protrudes into the limiting card of U;It is also solid on the beam side wall at the pawl rear
Surely it is provided with guide sleeve, the sliding bar matched with guide sleeve is equipped in the guide sleeve;The sliding bar it is upper
End is provided with pressing plate, and reset spring is arranged with outside the sliding bar between the pressing plate and guide sleeve;The sliding bar
Lower end is connect by hyphen bar with limiting card.
Preferably, the ratchet is structure as a whole with gear shaft.
Preferably, shaft through-hole is coaxially arranged with inside the gear shaft;The driving mechanism includes matching with shaft through-hole
Mandrel, the mandrel is threaded through in shaft through-hole, and mandrel is arranged with a limit sleeve, the limit respectively outside one section of two close end
Position set is connect by bolt with mandrel, and the spacing between limit sleeve is matched with gear shaft;One end of the mandrel and wind
It connects, is coaxially arranged with mounting hole in the other end of mandrel;The mounting hole extends to the middle part of mandrel by the end face of mandrel,
The strip-shaped hole through mandrel surfaces externally and internally is provided on the side wall of mounting hole inner end;It is provided in the strip-shaped hole and strip-shaped hole phase
The voussoir of cooperation;The side of the voussoir towards gear shaft is provided with the connecting key that section is in isosceles trapezoid, the gear shaft
The position that voussoir is corresponded on inner wall is provided with keyway, and the keyway is matched with connecting key;
Adjusting plug, the first pushing block, helical spring and the second pushing block are disposed in the mounting hole from outside to inside;It is described
External screw thread is set on the circumferential surface of adjusting plug and is threadedly engaged with mounting hole composition, first pushing block and the second pushing block with installation
Hole constitutes and is slidably matched, and second pushing block is provided with contact cone towards voussoir on one side, and the top surface of the contact cone is along separate
The direction of second pushing block tilts obliquely;The voussoir is provided with inclined contact groove, institute with the lower part for contacting cone opposite side
The tilt angle for stating contact groove is matched with the top surface for contacting cone, and is tipped upside down on the top surface of contact cone.
Preferably, the contact cone is structure as a whole with the second pushing block.
Preferably, it is provided on the outer end face of the adjusting plug and screws hole for be inserted into allen wrench.
Preferably, the gear shaft is far from being provided with reset handwheel, the reset handwheel and gear outside one end of wind
Axis is affixed.
Preferably, the upper and lower part on front side of the lifting column is provided with spacing block set.
Preferably, the lifting column, spacing block set and rack gear are structure as a whole.
Beneficial effects of the present invention embody a concentrated reflection of: can be realized the self-locking of hand press, be convenient for pressure maintaining, while protecting
After the completion of pressure, and it can unlock easily and fast.Specifically, the present invention in use, pawl by the way of hinged,
And the limit by limiting card, slight oscillatory can only be carried out in one direction, to allow the rotating forward of ratchet, limit the anti-of ratchet
Turn;And ratchet is fixed on gear shaft, therefore gear shaft can only also be rotated forward, can not be inverted.Therefore the present invention can prevent gear shaft
It retracts under reaction force, it is self-locking in real time, it is convenient for pressure maintaining.After processing is completed to workpiece, user presses platen, band with subordinate
Dynamic sliding bar moves down, and hyphen bar and limiting card is driven to move down, and limiting card no longer limits pawl, and pawl is free to rotate,
No longer stop the movement of ratchet, therefore the rise of lifting column can be unlocked.After the completion of lifting column gos up, pawl position is adjusted
It sets, decontrols pressing plate, limiting card again limits the rotation of pawl under the action of reset spring.The present invention and traditional
The mode of bolt locking is compared, and is not only truly realized self-locking and easy to operate, can quickly be unlocked.
Specific embodiment
The press machine in conjunction with shown in Fig. 1-8 is identical as existing press machine comprising base 1 and above base 1
Press device, the press device are connect by support post 2 with base 1, can be in order to improve the stability that base 1 is installed
As shown in Figure 1, being provided with multiple non-slip rubber blocks 29 on the bottom surface of the base 1.Base 1 is used to placing and fixing workpiece,
Pressure head is set on the press device, for pressing to workpiece, to carry out the processing of workpiece.The present invention intends from many aspects to existing
Some hand presses improve, to obtain better comprehensive performance.
Existing hand press visually observes the main user of positioning of the workpiece on base 1, and accuracy is difficult to
Guarantee, for this purpose, auxiliary positioning component is additionally provided with immediately below press device of the present invention, it is described in conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 and 8
Auxiliary positioning component includes mounting ring 39 and the red dot laser locator 40 that is fixed in mounting ring 39, the red dot laser positioning
The direction of the launch of device 40 is downwards.The middle part of 2 front side of support post is provided with installation notch 41, the installation notch 41
It is inside provided with vertical central axis 42, is arranged with compatible turning set 43 outside the central axis 42, the turning set 43 passes through
Connecting rod 44 and mounting ring 39 are affixed.
The present invention in use, opens red dot laser locator 40, red dot laser locator 40 can be on workpiece
A positioning red dot is projected, pressing position is accurately indicated, is especially suitable for high-precision work pieces process work.Positioning is completed
Afterwards, pivot link 44 do not influence normal processing work by red dot laser locator 40 from the moved out from beneath of press device.This
Invention can be improved the precision of processing and the location efficiency of staff.
In addition to above-mentioned auxiliary positioning is easily improved, also from press machine, self-locking, press machine premature beats etc. two are big by the present invention
Aspect improves existing hand press.Following both sides is improved mainly for rack drives formula hand press
It carries out.
As existing rack drives formula hand press, press device of the present invention include crossbeam 3, lifting column 4,
Gear shaft 5 and driving mechanism, one end of the crossbeam 3 and the upper end of support post 2 are affixed, vertical in order to improve crossbeam 3 and support
Stability between column 2 can be provided with triangle between the lower part of 3 rear end of crossbeam and the leading flank of support post 2
Stiffener plate 28.Vertical sliding eye is provided in the other end of crossbeam 3.Compatible lifting is provided in the sliding eye
Column 4, the lower end of the lifting column 4 are fixedly installed pressure head 6, and 4 trailing flank of lifting column is provided with vertically extending rack gear 7.Institute
It states in the crossbeam 3 of 4 rear side of lifting column and is provided with the installation cavity being connected to sliding eye.Pacified by bearing 8 at the both ends of the gear shaft 5
On crossbeam 3 at left and right sides of installation cavity, the gear part of gear shaft 5 is located in installation cavity, and with the rack gear 7 on lifting column 4
It is meshed.One end of gear shaft 5 is connect with driving mechanism.Simplest driving mechanism is exactly one and is connected on gear shaft 5
Wind or an adjusting handle.It directly drives gear shaft 5 by wind and adjusting handle to rotate, gear shaft 5 is in rotation
Band carry-over bar 7 in the process, and then lifting column 4 is driven to squeeze workpiece, this is the prior art, is repeated no more herein.
From the self-locking aspect of pressure maintaining, the present invention is compared with existing rack drives formula hand press, maximum difference
Place is that described 5 one end of gear shaft is additionally provided with from lock set, it is described from lock set include ratchet 30 and pawl 31, it is described
Ratchet 30 is set on the circumferential surface of 5 one end of gear shaft and affixed with gear shaft 5, the ratchet 30 and gear shaft 5 under normal conditions
It is structure as a whole, direct mold casting forming, then hook tooth is milled out in 5 end of gear shaft by milling machine.As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the spine
The middle part of pawl 31 is side walls hinged by articulated shaft 32 and crossbeam 3, and one end of pawl 31 is resisted against on ratchet 30, and the other end protrudes into
In the limiting card 33 of U.Guide sleeve 34, the guide sleeve are further fixedly arranged on 3 side wall of crossbeam at 31 rear of pawl
The sliding bar 35 matched with guide sleeve 34 is equipped in 34.The upper end of the sliding bar 35 is provided with pressing plate 36, described
Reset spring 37 is arranged with outside sliding bar 35 between pressing plate 36 and guide sleeve 34.The lower end of the sliding bar 35 passes through short
Cross bar 38 is connect with limiting card 33.
It is of the invention from lock set in use, as shown in fig. 6, pawl 31 is by the way of hinged, and limited
The limit of position card 33, can only carry out slight oscillatory in one direction, to allow the rotating forward of ratchet 31, limit the reversion of ratchet.
And ratchet 30 is fixed on gear shaft 5, therefore gear shaft 5 can only also be rotated forward, can not be inverted.Therefore the present invention can prevent gear shaft
5 retract under reaction force, self-locking in real time, are convenient for pressure maintaining.After processing is completed to workpiece, as shown in fig. 7, user is subordinate
Press platen 36, sliding bar 35 driven to move down, hyphen bar 38 and limiting card 33 is driven to move down, limiting card 33 no longer to pawl 31 into
Row limitation, pawl 31 is free to rotate, no longer stops the movement of ratchet 30, therefore can unlock to the rise of lifting column 4.Lifting
After the completion of column 4 gos up, 31 position of pawl being adjusted, decontroling pressing plate 36, limiting card 33 is again under the action of reset spring 37
The rotation of pawl 31 is limited.The present invention not only truly realizes compared with the mode that traditional bolt is locked
It is self-locking and easy to operate, it can quickly unlock.
In terms of overload voltage-limiting protection, the present invention is maximum compared with traditional rack gear drive-type hand press
The difference is that being coaxially arranged with shaft through-hole inside the gear shaft 5.The driving mechanism includes matching with shaft through-hole
Mandrel 9, the mandrel 9 are threaded through in shaft through-hole.Mandrel 9 is arranged with a limit sleeve 10, institute respectively outside one section of two close end
It states limit sleeve 10 to connect by bolt with mandrel 9, for positioning axial position of the mandrel 9 in gear shaft 5.Limit sleeve
Spacing between 10 is matched with gear shaft 5, that is, gear shaft 5 is just fastened between two limit sleeves 10.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, one end of the mandrel 9 is connect with wind 11, is coaxially arranged in the other end of mandrel 9
Mounting hole 12.The mounting hole 12 extends to the middle part of mandrel 9 by the end face of mandrel 9, sets on the side wall of 12 inner end of mounting hole
It is equipped with the strip-shaped hole 13 through 9 surfaces externally and internally of mandrel.The voussoir 14 matched with strip-shaped hole 13 is provided in the strip-shaped hole 13,
Voussoir 14 being capable of leading downwardly toward 12 direction of mounting hole or the sliding of opposite direction in 13 hole wall of strip-shaped hole.14 direction of voussoir
The side of gear shaft 5 is provided with the connecting key 15 that section is in isosceles trapezoid, and the position of voussoir 14 is corresponded on the inner wall of the gear shaft 5
It installs and is equipped with keyway 16, the keyway 16 is matched with connecting key 15.
As shown in figure 3, adjusting plug 17, the first pushing block 18, spiral bullet are disposed in the mounting hole 12 from outside to inside
Spring 19 and the second pushing block 20.External screw thread is set on the circumferential surface of the adjusting plug 17 and is threadedly engaged with the composition of mounting hole 12, it is described
First pushing block 18 and the second pushing block 20 are slidably matched with the composition of mounting hole 12, one side of second pushing block 20 towards voussoir 14
It is provided with contact cone 21, the top surface of the contact cone 21 tilts obliquely along the direction far from the second pushing block 20, the contact cone
21 are preferably structure as a whole with the second pushing block 20, and stability is more preferable.The voussoir 14 is set with the lower part for contacting 21 opposite sides of cone
It is equipped with inclined contact groove 22, the tilt angle of the contact groove 22 is matched with the top surface for contacting cone 21, and tips upside down on contact
On the top surface of cone 21.
Voussoir 14 of the present invention is as the connecting component between gear shaft 5 and mandrel 9, under normal operating condition, helical spring
19 push against the second pushing block 20 towards the direction of voussoir 14, since the top surface of contact cone 21 is inclined-plane, under the cooperation of contact groove 22,
Voussoir 14 is pushed up outside contact cone 21, the connecting key 15 on voussoir 14 protrudes into keyway 16, and mandrel 9 and gear shaft 5 are normally sequentially connected.
It is pushed using the i.e. controllable lifting column 4 of 11 rotation mandrel 9 of wind.With the increase of pressure, reaction force that voussoir 14 is subject to
Bigger, the support force of helical spring 19 is not enough to again maintain the connecting key 15 on voussoir 14 in keyway 16, and voussoir 14 is towards core
Retraction in axis 9 realizes the disengagement of mandrel 9 and gear shaft 5, even if user continues to rotate mandrel 9 until completely disengaging keyway 16
Also torque can not be transmitted to gear shaft 5, to realize voltage-limiting protection.Compared with traditional hand press, the present invention is not
It only can be realized voltage-limiting protection, workpiece prevented to be damaged, meanwhile, the present invention changes adjusting plug 17 by rotation adjusting plug 17
Position in mandrel 9 can effectively be adjusted the pressure of pressure limiting, easy to use, versatile, for the ease of rotation
Adjusting plug 17, better way be the adjusting plug 17 outer end face on be provided with and screw hole for be inserted into allen wrench
23, that is, screw the hole that hole 23 is a hexagon.
For wind 11 of the present invention for laborsaving consideration, normal length is longer, gos up in this case in lifting column 4
When, it needs to turn multiple great circles and is just able to achieve return.In order to improve the reset speed of lifting column 4, better mouth valve can also be institute
It states to be provided with outside the one end of gear shaft 5 far from wind 11 and resets handwheel 24, the reset handwheel 24 is affixed with gear shaft 5, leads to
It crosses spinning reduction handwheel 24 and realizes Rapid reset.Meanwhile in order to limit to lifting column 4, it is avoided excessively to go up or excessively
It pushes, the upper and lower part of 4 front side of lifting column is provided with spacing block set 25, the lifting column 4, spacing block set 25 and tooth
Item 7 is structure as a whole, and stability is more preferable.
In order to adapt to the installation of different processing molds, it is solid that the upper surface of base 1 of the present invention is fixedly installed mold
Determine block 26, the mold fixed block 26 is structure as a whole with base 1, and the surface of mold fixed block 26 is provided in left-right direction to be cut
Face is in swallow-tailed through slot 27, and the surface of mold fixed block 26 is additionally provided with link bolt hole, in use, by the clamping on mold
Rib is caught in through slot 27, then recycles clamping screw that mold is locked on mold fixed block 26.