CN109899461B - Tractor transmission device with power reversing and synchronous gear shifting for medium and small power - Google Patents
Tractor transmission device with power reversing and synchronous gear shifting for medium and small power Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A tractor transmission for medium and small power with power reversing and synchronous shifting comprising: a power reversing transmission device, a main variable transmission device and a secondary variable transmission device; the power reversing transmission device, the main variable speed transmission device and the auxiliary variable speed transmission device are sequentially arranged from left to right, the front end of the power reversing transmission device is connected with the engine, the rear end of the auxiliary variable speed transmission device is connected with the rear central transmission of the tractor, and the power reversing transmission device and the main variable speed transmission device are arranged in the same shell. By adopting the arrangement, the transmission technical route is clear, the axial dimension is short, and the structure is compact. Through the sequential combination of the power reversing transmission device, the main variable-speed transmission device and the auxiliary variable-speed transmission device, 16 forward gears and 16 reverse gears can be realized, the number of gears is large, the speed distribution is reasonable, the application working range is wide, and the transmission efficiency is high. The transmission device can realize no-stop gear shifting, is light in gear shifting and comfortable to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tractors, relates to a tractor transmission device, and particularly relates to a tractor transmission device with power reversing and synchronous gear shifting for medium and small power.
Background
At present, on various traditional small and medium power tractors in the prior art, the reversing gearbox structure is mainly arranged in a longitudinal axis type of 8+8 or 12+12 gears. Because the traditional small and medium power tractor is limited by space factors and technical level of a gearbox shell, the reversing device of the existing gearbox mostly adopts the structure form of a sliding gear, a meshing sleeve or a synchronizer. The transmission device has the advantages that the initial engagement of the engaged spline or the engaged gear is not easy, large friction resistance can be generated in the engagement process, large gear shifting force needs to be applied in the reversing process, and the problems of poor gear shifting smoothness, difficult operation and the like exist. In addition, with the progress of technology and the improvement of product quality, higher requirements are also put on the steering comfort of the tractor, especially a steering device which is frequently operated; advanced small and medium power tractors at home and high power tractors at abroad, the power reversing technology realized by adopting an electrohydraulic control wet clutch is mature, and good effect is achieved in the whole tractor application. Therefore, it is necessary to design a power reversing transmission device for a small and medium power tractor, and to match with a synchronizer for shifting, so that the tractor shifts more lightly and is more comfortable to operate.
The invention relates to a power shift and power reversing tractor gearbox, which is disclosed in the 2017, 12-month and 12-day patent application of the national intellectual property office, wherein the patent application number is 2017107584534, and the patent application date is: the publication number is CN107461472A, which is closer to the content of the patent application, on the 29 th 8 th 2017. In the patent, a power reversing device and a Hi-Lo power shifting device are arranged in a power shifting box, a 4-gear synchronizer shifting device is arranged in a main gearbox, and a 4-gear synchronizer shifting device, a PTO output device and a front-rear axle transfer device are arranged in an auxiliary gearbox. 32 forward gears and 16 reverse gears can be realized, and the reversing and Hi-Lo parts adopt electric control wet-type multi-plate clutch gear shifting. The gearbox has a complex structure and large volume, is suitable for heavy tractors, and is not suitable for medium-power tractors with simple and compact structural requirements.
The invention patent application 'a tractor power reversing device' published by the national intellectual property agency on 2017, 8 and 25 days, the patent application number is 2017104601218, and the patent application date is: the announcement number is 2017, 6, 17: CN107089137a; the invention relates to a tractor load reversing transmission device, which is disclosed in 2014, 6 and 18 of the national intellectual property agency, and has the patent application number of 2014100916338 and the patent application date of: day 13 of 3 months in 2014, bulletin number: CN103863101 a, the above two patents focus on the arrangement, structure and function of the reversing clutch, but this patent is a description of the technical route, and the specific structural arrangement of the reversing clutch is also different.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tractor transmission device with power reversing and synchronous gear shifting for medium and small power, which has the advantages of compact structure, reliable use and convenient operation.
The invention realizes the aim through the following technical scheme: a tractor transmission for medium and small power with power reversing and synchronous shifting comprising: a power reversing transmission device, a main variable transmission device and a secondary variable transmission device T3; the method is characterized in that: the power reversing transmission device, the main variable speed transmission device and the auxiliary variable speed transmission device are sequentially arranged from left to right, the front end of the power reversing transmission device is connected with the engine, the rear end of the auxiliary variable speed transmission device is connected with the rear central transmission of the tractor, and the power reversing transmission device and the main variable speed transmission device are arranged in the same shell.
The power reversing transmission device is internally provided with a driving shaft, a reversing output shaft and an idler gear shaft which are sequentially arranged according to a space shafting in the front box shell, and two ends of each shaft are fixed on a supporting wall in the front box shell through bearings; the main speed change transmission device is internally provided with a reversing output shaft and a main speed change output shaft which are sequentially arranged according to a space shafting in the front box shell, and two ends of each shaft are fixed on a supporting wall in the front box shell through bearings; a secondary variable speed input shaft, a secondary variable speed output shaft and an intermediate shaft are arranged in the secondary variable speed transmission device in sequence according to the space shafting in the rear axle housing, and two ends of each shaft are fixed on a supporting wall in the rear axle housing through bearings; the main speed change output shaft is connected with the auxiliary speed change input shaft through a spline housing.
In the power reversing transmission device, a driving shaft is sequentially provided with a forward gear driving gear and a reverse gear driving gear, and a reversing output shaft is sequentially provided with a forward gear driven gear and a reverse gear driven gear; the driving gear of the forward gear is meshed with the driven gear of the forward gear, and the driving gear of the reverse gear, the idle gear on the idle gear shaft and the driven gear of the reverse gear are meshed in sequence; the forward gear clutch and the reverse gear clutch are arranged between the forward gear driven gear and the reverse gear driven gear on the reversing output shaft.
In the main speed change transmission device, a first gear driving gear, a second gear driving gear, a third gear driving gear and an IV gear driving gear are sequentially arranged on a reversing output shaft; a first-gear driven gear, a second-gear driven gear, a third-gear driven gear and an fourth-gear driven gear are sequentially arranged on the main speed change output shaft; the I-gear driving gear, the II-gear driving gear, the III-gear driving gear and the IV-gear driving gear are respectively meshed with the I-gear driven gear, the II-gear driven gear, the III-gear driven gear and the IV-gear driven gear; the I/II gear synchronizer is arranged on the main speed change output shaft, and the III/IV gear synchronizer is arranged on the reversing output shaft; the I/II gear synchronizer can slide leftwards and rightwards along the shaft of the main speed change output shaft and is meshed with connecting teeth on the I gear driven gear and the II gear driven gear respectively; the III/IV gear synchronizer can slide leftwards and rightwards along the reversing output shaft and is meshed with the connecting teeth on the III gear driving gear and the IV gear driving gear respectively.
In the auxiliary speed change transmission device, an L-gear driving gear, an H-gear driving gear and an M-gear driving gear are sequentially arranged on an auxiliary speed change input shaft, and a precursor driving gear, a P-gear I-stage driving gear, an L-gear driven gear, a P-gear II-stage driven gear, an H-gear driven gear and an M-gear driven gear are sequentially arranged on an auxiliary speed change output shaft; a P-gear I-stage driven gear and a P-gear II-stage driving gear are sequentially arranged on the intermediate shaft; the L-gear driving gear, the H-gear driving gear and the M-gear driving gear are respectively meshed with the L-gear driven gear, the H-gear driven gear and the M-gear driven gear, the P-gear I-stage driving gear is meshed with the P-gear I-stage driven gear, the P-gear II-stage driving gear is meshed with the P-gear II-stage driven gear, and the precursor driving gear is meshed with the precursor output gear; the L/P gear synchronizer is arranged between a P gear II driving gear and an L gear driven gear on the auxiliary speed change output shaft, and the H/M gear synchronizer is arranged between an H gear driving gear and an M gear driving gear on the auxiliary speed change input shaft; the L/P gear synchronizer can slide leftwards and rightwards along the auxiliary speed change output shaft and is meshed with the connecting teeth on the L gear driven gear and the P gear II driving gear respectively; the H/M gear synchronizer can slide leftwards and rightwards along the auxiliary speed change input shaft and is meshed with the connecting teeth on the H gear driving gear and the M gear driving gear respectively.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention can achieve the following positive effects: the tractor transmission device with power reversing and synchronous gear shifting for medium and small power adopts the arrangement, has clear transmission technical route, short axial dimension and compact structure, and can transmit the power of the tractor engine to the rear central transmission, the power output device and the front drive axle of the tractor according to the design requirement of the whole tractor. Through the sequential combination of the power reversing transmission device, the main variable-speed transmission device and the auxiliary variable-speed transmission device, 16 forward gears and 16 reverse gears can be realized, the number of gears is large, the speed distribution is reasonable, the application working range is wide, and the transmission efficiency is high. The power reversing transmission device adopts an electrohydraulic control friction plate wet clutch (a forward gear clutch and a reverse gear clutch), the main clutch is not required to be separated in the actual use process, and the forward and reverse can be realized only by pulling an electric control reversing handle on the left side of the steering wheel. The forward gear clutch and the reverse gear clutch have the function of a main clutch of a transmission system, a main speed change transmission device adopts a synchronizer to shift gears, a secondary speed change transmission device can also be optionally provided with the synchronizer, and the transmission device can realize no-stop gear shifting, is light in gear shifting and is comfortable to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tractor transmission with power reversing and synchronous shifting for low and medium power according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tractor transmission with power reversing and synchronous gear shifting for small power in the invention.
Description of the embodiments
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples. As shown in fig. 1, a tractor transmission device for medium and small power with power reversing and synchronous gear shifting, comprising: power reversing gear T1, main variable-speed gear T2, auxiliary variable-speed gear T3. The power reversing transmission device T1, the main variable speed transmission device T2 and the auxiliary variable speed transmission device T3 are sequentially arranged from left to right, the front end of the power reversing transmission device T1 is connected with the engine A0, and the rear end of the auxiliary variable speed transmission device T3 is connected with the rear central transmission A2 of the tractor. Wherein the power reversing gear T1 and the main variable speed gear T2 are arranged in the front box housing.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a driving shaft S1, a reversing output shaft S2 and an idler gear shaft S7 are installed in a power reversing transmission device T1, and are sequentially arranged according to a space shafting in a front box shell, and two ends of each shaft are fixed on a supporting wall in the front box shell through bearings; the main speed change transmission device T2 is internally provided with a reversing output shaft S2 and a main speed change output shaft S6 which are sequentially arranged according to a space shafting in the front box shell, and two ends of each shaft are fixed on a supporting wall in the front box shell through bearings; a secondary speed change input shaft S3, a secondary speed change output shaft S4 and a middle shaft S5 are arranged in the secondary speed change transmission device T3 in sequence according to the space shafting arrangement in the rear axle housing, and two ends of each shaft are fixed on a supporting wall in the rear axle housing through bearings; the main speed change output shaft S6 and the auxiliary speed change input shaft S3 are connected through a spline housing, so that the transmission of the main speed change power to the auxiliary speed change is realized.
In the power reversing transmission device T1, a driving shaft S1 is sequentially provided with a forward gear driving gear 1 and a reverse gear driving gear 2, and a reversing output shaft S2 is sequentially provided with a forward gear driven gear 28 and a reverse gear driven gear 27; the forward driving gear 1 is meshed with the forward driven gear 28, and the reverse driving gear 2 is meshed with the idle gear on the idle gear shaft S7 and the reverse driven gear 27 in sequence; the forward clutch F and the reverse clutch R are mounted on the reversing output shaft S2 between the forward driven gear 28 and the reverse driven gear 27. When the forward clutch F is engaged, the forward driven gear 28 and the reverse output shaft S2 are integrally connected, and when the reverse clutch R is engaged, the reverse driven gear 27 and the reverse output shaft S2 are integrally connected.
In the main speed change transmission device T2, a first-gear driving gear 3, a second-gear driving gear 4, a third-gear driving gear 5 and an fourth-gear driving gear 7 are sequentially arranged on a reversing output shaft S2, and a first-gear driven gear 26, a second-gear driven gear 24, a third-gear driven gear 23 and a fourth-gear driven gear 22 are sequentially arranged on a main speed change output shaft S6; the I-gear driving gear 3, the II-gear driving gear 4, the III-gear driving gear 5 and the IV-gear driving gear 7 are respectively meshed with the I-gear driven gear 26, the II-gear driven gear 24, the III-gear driven gear 23 and the IV-gear driven gear 22; the I/II gear synchronizer 25 is arranged on the main speed change output shaft S6, and the III/IV gear synchronizer 6 is arranged on the reversing output shaft S2; the I/II gear synchronizer 25 can slide left and right along the axial direction of the main speed change output shaft S6 and is meshed with connecting teeth on the I gear driven gear 26 and the II gear driven gear respectively; the III/IV gear synchronizer 6 can slide leftwards and rightwards along the reversing output shaft S2 and is meshed with connecting teeth on the III gear driving gear 5 and the IV gear driving gear 7 respectively; the I gear driving gear 3, the II gear driving gear 4, the III gear driving gear 5 and the IV gear driving gear 7 are respectively meshed with the I gear driven gear 26, the II gear driven gear 24, the III gear driven gear 23 and the IV gear driven gear 22, so that the engagement and power transmission of the main speed change I gear, the II gear, the III gear and the IV gear are realized.
In the auxiliary speed change transmission device T3, an L-gear driving gear 9, an H-gear driving gear 11 and an M-gear driving gear 13 are sequentially arranged on an auxiliary speed change input shaft S3, a precursor driving gear 21, a P-gear I-stage driving gear 8, an L-gear driven gear 18, a P-gear II-stage driven gear 10, an H-gear driven gear 15 and an M-gear driven gear 14 are sequentially arranged on an auxiliary speed change output shaft S4, and a P-gear I-stage driven gear 19 and a P-gear II-stage driving gear 16 are sequentially arranged on an intermediate shaft S5; the L-gear driving gear 9, the H-gear driving gear 11 and the M-gear driving gear 13 are respectively meshed with the L-gear driven gear 18, the H-gear driven gear 15 and the M-gear driven gear 14, the P-gear I-stage driving gear 8 is meshed with the P-gear I-stage driven gear 19, the P-gear II-stage driving gear 16 is meshed with the P-gear II-stage driven gear 10, and the precursor driving gear 21 is meshed with the precursor output gear 20; the L/P gear synchronizer (or the meshing sleeve) 17 can slide left and right along the axial direction of the intermediate shaft S5 and is meshed with the connecting teeth on the L gear driven gear 18 and the P gear II driving gear 16 respectively; the H/M gear synchronizer (or a meshing sleeve) 12 can slide leftwards and rightwards along the auxiliary speed change input shaft S3 and is meshed with connecting teeth on the H gear driving gear 11 and the M gear driving gear 13 respectively; the L-gear driving gear 9, the H-gear driving gear 11 and the M-gear driving gear 13 are respectively meshed with the L-gear driven gear 18, the H-gear driven gear 15 and the M-gear driven gear 14, so that the L-gear, the H-gear and the M-gear of the auxiliary speed change are connected in a hanging manner and power transmission are realized; the P gear I driving gear 8 is meshed with the P gear I driven gear 19, the P gear II driving gear 16 is meshed with the P gear II driven gear 10, and the engagement and power transmission of the P gear (crawling gear) are realized.
The power of the tractor engine can be transmitted by the transmission device in three parts, and the transmission path is as follows: a first part: the driving shaft S1 is transmitted to the power output device A1 to drive the power output shaft of the tractor, so that independent power output is realized.
A second part: the driving shaft S1 is transmitted to a main speed change transmission device T2 (power is input by a reversing output shaft S2 and output by a main speed change output shaft S6) through a forward gear clutch F or a reverse gear clutch R, and is transmitted to a rear central transmission A2 of the tractor through a secondary speed change transmission device T3 (power is input by a secondary speed change input shaft S3 and output by a secondary speed change output shaft S4), so that rear wheel driving is realized.
Third section: the driving shaft S1 is transmitted to a main speed change transmission device T2 (power is input by a reversing output shaft S2 and output by a main speed change output shaft S6) through a forward gear clutch F or a reverse gear clutch R, and is transmitted to a front driving axle A3 through a secondary speed change transmission device T3 (power is input by a secondary speed change input shaft S3 and output by a precursor output gear 20), so that front wheel driving is realized.
The power steering achieves forward and reverse of the tractor by the engaged state of the forward clutch F and the reverse clutch R mounted on the steering output shaft S2. When the forward clutch F is engaged, the forward driven gear 28 and the reverse output shaft S2 are integrally connected, and when the reverse clutch R is engaged, the reverse driven gear 27 and the reverse output shaft S2 are integrally connected.
In summary, through the reasonable combination of the power reversing transmission device T1, the main speed change transmission device T2 and the auxiliary speed change transmission device T3, the tractor power can be respectively transmitted to the power output device A1, the rear central transmission A2 and the front drive axle A3 of the tractor, and 16 forward gears and 16 reverse gears with the crawling gear function are formed.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the whole of the present invention, but it is to be understood that the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiment, and that modifications in form or equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiment may be made by those skilled in the art. Modifications, equivalents, and the like, which are all intended to be included within the spirit and scope of the present invention, are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A tractor transmission for medium and small power with power reversing and synchronous shifting comprising: a power reversing transmission device (T1), a main variable transmission device (T2) and a secondary variable transmission device (T3); the method is characterized in that: the power of the tractor is respectively transmitted to the power output device (A1), the rear central transmission (A2) of the tractor and the front drive axle (A3) through the power reversing transmission device (T1), the main variable-speed transmission device (T2) and the auxiliary variable-speed transmission device (T3) which are sequentially arranged from left to right, so that 16 forward gears and 16 reverse gears are realized; the front end of the power reversing transmission device (T1) is connected with the engine (A0), the rear end of the auxiliary variable speed transmission device (T3) is connected with the rear central transmission (A2) of the tractor, and the power reversing transmission device (T1) and the main variable speed transmission device (T2) are arranged in the same shell; a driving shaft (S1), a reversing output shaft (S2) and an idler gear shaft (S7) are arranged in the power reversing transmission device (T1) in sequence according to the space shafting arrangement in the front box shell, and two ends of each shaft are fixed on a supporting wall in the front box shell through bearings; a reversing output shaft (S2) and a main speed change output shaft (S6) are arranged in the main speed change transmission device (T2) and are sequentially arranged according to a space shafting in the front box shell, and two ends of each shaft are fixed on a supporting wall in the front box shell through bearings; a secondary speed change input shaft (S3), a secondary speed change output shaft (S4) and an intermediate shaft (S5) are arranged in the secondary speed change transmission device (T3) in sequence according to a space shafting in the rear axle housing, and two ends of each shaft are fixed on a supporting wall in the rear axle housing through bearings; the main speed change output shaft (S6) is connected with the auxiliary speed change input shaft (S3) through a spline sleeve; in the power reversing transmission device (T1), a driving shaft (S1) is sequentially provided with a forward gear driving gear (1) and a reverse gear driving gear (2), and a reversing output shaft (S2) is sequentially provided with a forward gear driven gear (28) and a reverse gear driven gear (27); the forward driving gear (1) is meshed with the forward driven gear (28), and the reverse driving gear (2), the idle gear on the idle gear shaft (S7) and the reverse driven gear (27) are meshed in sequence; the forward gear clutch (F) and the reverse gear clutch (R) are electro-hydraulically controlled friction plate wet clutches, the forward gear clutch (F) and the reverse gear clutch (R) are arranged between a forward gear driven gear (28) and a reverse gear driven gear (27) on a reversing output shaft (S2), when the forward gear clutch (F) is engaged, the forward gear driven gear (28) is connected with the reversing output shaft (S2) into a whole, and when the reverse gear clutch (R) is engaged, the reverse gear driven gear (27) is connected with the reversing output shaft (S2) into a whole; in the main speed change transmission device (T2), a reversing output shaft (S2) is sequentially provided with a first gear driving gear (3), a second gear driving gear (4), a third gear driving gear (5) and an IV gear driving gear (7); a first-gear driven gear (26), a second-gear driven gear (24), a third-gear driven gear (23) and an fourth-gear driven gear (22) are sequentially arranged on the main speed change output shaft (S6); the I-gear driving gear (3), the II-gear driving gear (4), the III-gear driving gear (5) and the IV-gear driving gear (7) are respectively meshed with the I-gear driven gear (26), the II-gear driven gear (24), the III-gear driven gear (23) and the IV-gear driven gear (22); the I/II gear synchronizer (25) is arranged on the main speed change output shaft (S6), and the III/IV gear synchronizer (6) is arranged on the reversing output shaft (S2); the I/II gear synchronizer (25) can slide left and right along the axial direction of the main speed change output shaft (S6) and is meshed with connecting teeth on the I gear driven gear (26) and the II gear driven gear (24) respectively; the III/IV gear synchronizer (6) can slide leftwards and rightwards along the reversing output shaft (S2) and is meshed with connecting teeth on the III gear driving gear (5) and the IV gear driving gear (7) respectively; in the auxiliary speed change transmission device (T3), an L-gear driving gear (9), an H-gear driving gear (11) and an M-gear driving gear (13) are sequentially arranged on an auxiliary speed change input shaft (S3), and a precursor driving gear (21), a P-gear I-stage driving gear (8), an L-gear driven gear (18), a P-gear II-stage driven gear (10), an H-gear driven gear (15) and an M-gear driven gear (14) are sequentially arranged on an auxiliary speed change output shaft (S4); a P-gear I-stage driven gear (19) and a P-gear II-stage driving gear (16) are sequentially arranged on the intermediate shaft (S5); the L-gear driving gear (9), the H-gear driving gear (11) and the M-gear driving gear (13) are respectively meshed with the L-gear driven gear (18), the H-gear driven gear (15) and the M-gear driven gear (14), the P-gear I-stage driving gear (8) is meshed with the P-gear I-stage driven gear (19), the P-gear II-stage driving gear (16) is meshed with the P-gear II-stage driven gear (10), and the precursor driving gear (21) is meshed with the precursor output gear (20); the L/P gear synchronizer (17) is arranged between a P gear II driving gear (16) and an L gear driven gear (18) on the auxiliary speed change output shaft (S4), and the H/M gear synchronizer (12) is arranged between an H gear driving gear (11) and an M gear driving gear (13) on the auxiliary speed change input shaft (S3); the L/P gear synchronizer (17) slides left and right along the axial direction of the auxiliary speed change output shaft (S4) and is respectively meshed with connecting teeth on the L gear driven gear (18) and the P gear II driving gear (16); the H/M gear synchronizer (12) slides leftwards and rightwards along the auxiliary speed change input shaft (S3) and is respectively meshed with connecting teeth on the H gear driving gear (11) and the M gear driving gear (13).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910244611.3A CN109899461B (en) | 2019-03-28 | 2019-03-28 | Tractor transmission device with power reversing and synchronous gear shifting for medium and small power |
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| CN201910244611.3A CN109899461B (en) | 2019-03-28 | 2019-03-28 | Tractor transmission device with power reversing and synchronous gear shifting for medium and small power |
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| CN109899461B true CN109899461B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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| EP0314636A2 (en) * | 1987-10-26 | 1989-05-03 | SAME S.p.A. | A power-shift gearbox unit for tractors |
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| CN109899461A (en) | 2019-06-18 |
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