CN109898670A - 一种clt装饰板及其连接装置 - Google Patents

一种clt装饰板及其连接装置 Download PDF

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CN109898670A
CN109898670A CN201910286215.7A CN201910286215A CN109898670A CN 109898670 A CN109898670 A CN 109898670A CN 201910286215 A CN201910286215 A CN 201910286215A CN 109898670 A CN109898670 A CN 109898670A
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clt
decorative
decorative panel
layer
attachment device
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杜官本
董春雷
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Southwest Forestry University
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Southwest Forestry University
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Priority to US16/833,769 priority patent/US11220820B2/en
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    • E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
    • E04C2/526—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits with adaptations not otherwise provided for, for connecting, transport; for making impervious or hermetic, e.g. sealings
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种CLT装饰板及其连接装置，属于建筑材料领域。该装置包括：第一装饰层；缓冲层；CLT层；以及，第二装饰层；其中，第一装饰层、缓冲层、CLT层和第二装饰层由上至下依次设置，缓冲层内设置有非牛顿流体。本发明还提供一种连接装置，连接装置包括支撑体和设置在支撑体上的连接块，支撑体为长方体结构，支撑体的横截面呈正方形且边长与装饰板的厚度相同；连接块与连接槽相配合。本发明提供的CLT装饰板可提高装饰效果，收到冲击时，可以使冲击力分散至整块CLT板，避免单点受力造成CLT板的均布损坏。本发明提供的连接装置，可以将CLT板的连接应力部分转移至连接装置上，依靠连接装置的结构强度来降低对CLT板的强度需求。

Description

一种CLT装饰板及其连接装置
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料领域，特别涉及一种CLT装饰板及其连接装置。
背景技术
直交层积材(Cross laminated timber，CLT，也有称“交叉层积材”)通常是一组有一定厚度的板材按相邻层木纹方向互相垂直组坯胶合或钉/榫接而成的厚板材，其表板和内层板对称地配置在中心层或板芯的两侧。每一层板材端部接长多通过指接或钉接方式，侧拼加宽主要通过胶接或钉接方式，而层与层之间多通过胶接形式结合。
CLT可广泛应用于民用建筑和商业高层建筑的墙体、楼面及屋顶部分，在建筑中起建筑围护和承重双重作用。应用CLT板的建筑具有工厂可定制化/预制化程度高、现场组装简单、效率高、具有绿色环保、抗震、防火等优点，是国家大力提倡的装配式木结构建筑类型之一。
但是现有技术中的CLT板还存在一些缺陷。一方面，由于CLT板均是由原木压制，其外表面为原木色，装饰性较差，建筑组装好后，还需要进行二次装修，且由于木结构建筑的特殊性，其不能像钢筋混凝土结构的建筑般灵活装修，其装修方式限制较多，影响美感。另一方面，由于CLT板为原木压制，其抗冲击性能较差，由于表面硬度较低，在作为楼板使用时，一旦有重物跌落或者其他方式的冲击，常常会造成楼板出现凹坑或断裂的情况，且由于CLT板为整体结构，其不像混凝土楼板容易修复，其修复需要更换整块CLT板，维护难度大，成本高。
另外，现有技术中的CLT板在楼板和立板连接时，通常采用的是立板立在楼板上，然后借助L型连接件，通过螺栓进行连接。但是上述连接方式仅仅通过螺栓进行加固，而螺栓的连接强度取决于CLT板本身的强度，在螺栓拆卸后，由于CLT板存在形变，导致拆卸后再次连接时连接强度会大大降低，而且立板与楼板的接触面也容易产生损坏，在进行连接时，立板的定位难度较大，需要多次调整才能保证立板的准确定位。
发明内容
本发明提供一种CLT装饰板，可以解决现有技术中的CLT板装饰性较差、抗冲击性较弱的问题。
本发明还提供一种CLT装饰板的连接装置，可以方便在对楼板和顶板连接时的定位，提高连接强度。
一种CLT装饰板，包括：
第一装饰层；
缓冲层；
CLT层；以及，
第二装饰层；其中，
所述第一装饰层、所述缓冲层、所述CLT层和所述第二装饰层由上至下依次设置，所述缓冲层内设置有非牛顿流体。
更优地，所述缓冲层由柔性包覆膜包覆非牛顿流体形成。
更优地，所述缓冲层上开设有让位孔。
更优地，所述装饰板的侧面上开设有连接槽。
更优地，所述连接槽为多个，多个所述连接槽间隔布置。
更优地，所述连接槽开设在所述CLT层上。
更优地，还包括防水透气膜，所述防水透气膜位于所述CLT层和所述第二装饰层之间，所述第二装饰层上开设有透气孔。
一种用于连接上述的CLT装饰板的连接装置，所述连接装置包括支撑体和设置在所述支撑体上的连接块，所述支撑体为长方体结构，所述支撑体的横截面呈正方形且边长与装饰板的厚度相同；所述连接块与所述连接槽相配合。
更优地，所述连接块上开设有螺纹孔。
本发明提供一种CLT装饰板，可在工厂制作时预制装饰层，提高装饰效果，减少后期装修难度；通过缓冲层内的非牛顿流体，在收到冲击时，非牛顿流体可以瞬间增大抗冲击强度，使冲击力分散至整块CLT板，避免单点受力造成CLT板的均布损坏。
本发明还提供了一种CLT装饰板的连接装置，通过与CLT装饰板的连接槽相配合，可以在安装时方便定位，利用连接块可以增强连接强度，将CLT板的连接应力部分转移至连接装置上，依靠连接装置的结构强度来降低对CLT板的强度需求。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的一种CLT装饰板的剖面结构示意图。
图2为图1中缓冲层的结构示意图。
图3为本发明提供的一种CLT装饰板的结构示意图。
图4为本发明提供的一种CLT装饰板的安装结构示意图。
图5为图4中A处局部放大图。
图6为图4中连接装置的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
10、第一装饰层，11、缓冲层，111、柔性包覆膜，112、让位孔，113、非牛顿流体，12、CLT层，121、第一连接槽，122、第二连接槽，13、防水透气膜，14、第二装饰层，20、连接装置，21、支撑体，22、第一连接块，221、第一连接孔，23、第二连接块，231、第二连接孔。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明的一个具体实施方式进行详细描述，但应当理解本发明的保护范围并不受具体实施方式的限制。
实施例1
如图1和图3所示，本发明实施例提供的一种CLT装饰板，包括：
第一装饰层10；
缓冲层11；
CLT层12；以及，
第二装饰层14；其中，
第一装饰层10、缓冲层11、CLT层12和第二装饰层14由上至下依次设置，第一装饰层10、缓冲层11、CLT层12和第二装饰层14之间通过粘合的方式连接，缓冲层11内设置有非牛顿流体113。第一装饰层10和第二装饰层14可以采用客户定制并工厂预制的方式，可以节省后期装修的时间，提高装饰性。
非牛顿流体113，是指不满足牛顿黏性实验定律的流体，即其剪应力与剪切应变率之间不是线性关系的流体。高分子聚合物的浓溶液和悬浮液等一般为非牛顿流体113。聚乙烯、聚丙烯酰胺、聚氯乙烯、尼龙6、PVS、赛璐珞、涤纶、橡胶溶液、各种工程塑料、化纤的熔体、溶液等，都是非牛顿流体113。石油、泥浆、水煤浆、陶瓷浆、纸浆、油漆、油墨、牙膏、家蚕丝再生溶液、钻井用的洗井液和完井液、磁浆、某些感光材料的涂液、泡沫、液晶、高含沙水流、泥石流、地幔等也都是非牛顿流体113。本实施例中，可以采用上述材料中的一种或多种。
非牛顿流体113在受到快速冲级时，其抗剪强度瞬间增大，可以起到很好的缓冲作用。一般CLT板受到冲击时，其受力面积比较小，单位面积下的压强较大，CLT板的抗剪强度有限，受到猛烈冲击会造成单点破坏。而由于缓冲层11中添加了非牛顿流体113，其在受到冲击时抗剪强度增大，将冲击力分散至CLT板上，使得单点的冲击力变为大面积的冲击力，使得单位面积的压强降低，可以避免CLT板受冲击时单点损坏的问题。
具体地，缓冲层11由柔性包覆膜111包覆非牛顿流体113形成。如图2所示，柔性包覆膜111可以采用软质PVC材料制成，将非牛顿流体113灌装进柔性包覆膜111内，而后将柔性包覆膜111密封。柔性包覆膜111可以在受到缓慢冲击时变形而不会遭到破坏，其中，第一装饰层10也采用柔性材料支撑，避免受到冲击时造成第一装饰层10破坏。缓冲层11除了在受到快速冲击时可以避免CLT层12破坏，同时也可以提高舒适度。
具体地，缓冲层11上开设有让位孔112，用于容纳螺栓通过。
具体地，装饰板的侧面上开设有连接槽，用于与连接装置20配合定位。
具体地，如图3所示，连接槽为多个，多个连接槽间隔布置，本实施例以矩形CLT装饰板为例。其相对的两个侧面上开设第一连接槽121，另一对相对的两个侧面上开设第二连接槽122，连接槽开设在CLT层12上。
实施例2
在另一实施例中，在实施例一的基础上，本实施例还包括防水透气膜13，防水透气膜13位于CLT层12和第二装饰层14之间，第二装饰层14上开设有透气孔。由于CLT板由实木或木板压制，其在受潮或者水浸没时，会导致木材膨胀变形、腐烂。影响建筑使用周期。而众所周知，水蒸气是向上漂浮的，在室内烧水或其他情形产生水蒸气时，水蒸气会从CLT装饰板的底部向上侵入，而防水透气膜13可以很好的解决这个问题。防水透气膜13是一种新型的高分子防水材料，其在建筑领域主要被应用于钢结构、木结构建筑。在水汽的状态下，水颗粒非常细小，根据毛细运动的原理，可以顺利渗透到毛细管到另一侧，从而发生透汽现象。当水汽冷凝变成水珠后，颗粒变大，由于水珠表面张力的作用（水分子之间互相“拉扯抗衡”），水分子就不能顺利脱离水珠渗透到另一侧，也就是防止了水的渗透发生，使透汽膜有了防水的功能。通过防水透气膜13可以防止水气侵入CLT装饰板。而与此同时，CLT装饰板中还会通过缝隙渗入水气，此时又需要CLT层12与外界空气互通，实现“呼吸”，以使CLT层12可以将其内的水分蒸发出去，保持合适的湿度。防水透气膜13可以通过气体，达到与外部环境无障碍通气的状态，由于CLT层12中的水分较少，不会凝结成水珠，其内的水分子可以通过防水透气膜13逸出，从而保持合适的湿度。
实施例3
如图4至图6所示，一种用于连接上述的CLT装饰板的连接装置20，连接装置20包括支撑体21和设置在支撑体21上的连接块，支撑体21为长方体结构，支撑体21的横截面呈正方形且边长与装饰板的厚度相同；连接块与连接槽相配合。本实施例以在支撑体21的相邻的两侧分别设置第一连接块22和第二连接块23为例，在实际需要时，可以根据实际需要自由设置。
在连接时，将第一连接槽121和第一连接块22相配合，将第二连接槽122和第二连接块23相配合，即可实现楼板和立板之间的位置的定位，定位简单快速，第一连接块22和第二连接块23分别***第一连接槽121和第二连接槽122内，可以起到很好的连接作用。将传统的CLT板的、依靠CLT板的自身强度来达到连接效果转换为依靠连接装置20的强度来实现，由于第一连接块22和第二连接块23是***第一连接槽121和第二连接槽122中的，无需在连接面处设置L形连接板，因此大大增加了美观度。
进一步地，连接块上开设有螺纹孔。如图5所示，通过在第一连接块22上开设第一连接孔221，在第二连接块23上开设第二连接孔231，第一连接孔221和第二连接孔231均为螺纹孔，在第一装饰板上开设沉头孔，通过螺栓实现连接，可以大大提高连接强度，沉头孔可以使螺栓的端面与第一装饰板的端面持平，不会造成凸出，美观度较好。
以上公开的仅为本发明的几个具体实施例，但是，本发明实施例并非局限于此，任何本领域的技术人员能思之的变化都应落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种CLT装饰板，其特征在于，包括：
第一装饰层；
缓冲层；
CLT层；以及，
第二装饰层；其中，
所述第一装饰层、所述缓冲层、所述CLT层和所述第二装饰层由上至下依次设置，所述缓冲层内设置有非牛顿流体。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种CLT装饰板，其特征在于，所述缓冲层由柔性包覆膜包覆非牛顿流体形成。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种CLT装饰板，其特征在于，所述缓冲层上开设有让位孔。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种CLT装饰板，其特征在于，所述装饰板的侧面上开设有连接槽。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种CLT装饰板，其特征在于，所述连接槽为多个，多个所述连接槽间隔布置。
6.如权利要求5所述的一种CLT装饰板，其特征在于，所述连接槽开设在所述CLT层上。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种CLT装饰板，其特征在于，还包括防水透气膜，所述防水透气膜位于所述CLT层和所述第二装饰层之间，所述第二装饰层上开设有透气孔。
8.一种用于连接如权利要求6所述的CLT装饰板的连接装置，其特征在于，所述连接装置包括支撑体和设置在所述支撑体上的连接块，所述支撑体为长方体结构，所述支撑体的横截面呈正方形且边长与装饰板的厚度相同；所述连接块与所述连接槽相配合。
9.如权利要求8所述的连接装置，其特征在于，所述连接块上开设有螺纹孔。
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