CN109890447B - 一种尤其用于用来施用液体药物的设备的阀门以及一种用来施用液体药物的相应设备 - Google Patents
一种尤其用于用来施用液体药物的设备的阀门以及一种用来施用液体药物的相应设备 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种尤其用于用来施用液体药物的设备的阀门,所述阀门具有阀体(1),所述阀体(1)具有用于容纳液体(20)的内部空间(2),其中,所述阀体(1)具有液体入口(3)和对置的液体出口(4),所述液体入口(3)和所述液体出口(4)均通向所述内部空间(2),其中,在所述内部空间(2)中布置有多个微型通道(5),所述多个微型通道(5)在所述液体入口(3)与所述液体出口(4)之间的连接方向(x)上延伸。此外,本发明还描述了一种用来施用液体药物的相应设备。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种阀门,尤其用于用来施用液体药物的设备,以及一种用来施用液体药物的相应设备。
背景技术
由现有技术公知用来施用液体药物的设备,所述用来施用液体药物的设备具有容器,所述容器与泵***连接。所述泵的出口侧与药物出口连接,例如与管或者软管连接,或者与喷雾器连接。通常,所述泵的泵室具有入口阀和出口阀。当所述泵产生用于经由管、软管或者喷雾器提供药物的输出压力时,所述入口阀才精确地封闭所述泵室,以免所述药物回流到所述容器中。为了添补所述泵室,在所述泵室中产生负压,由此,在所述出口阀关闭期间,来自所述容器的药物通过打开的入口阀流入所述泵室中,以免所述药物经由管、软管或者喷雾器回流。因此,所述阀门构成为常用的单向阀,例如止回阀。WO 2013/191011 A1、US 8,628,517 B2和WO 2013/072790 Al描述了类似的设备。
特别地,在医学应用中,通常希望所述用来施用液体药物的设备构造得尽可能小并因此占据很小的空间。然而,特别地,由现有技术中公知的是,通常纯机械的入口阀和出口阀不能无限变小,因而存在如下需求,即,更进一步地改进这种阀门,或者在给定情况下甚至使得这种阀门完全多余。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的在于,提供一种依据分类的阀门和一种用来施用液体药物的相应设备,它们具有尽可能小的尺寸。
根据本发明,该目的通过具有权利要求1的特征的阀门来实现。并列的权利要求12涉及一种用来施用液体药物的相应设备。从属权利要求2至9各自涉及本发明的具有优点的实施方式。
根据本发明的阀门具有阀体,所述阀体包括用于容纳液体尤其是液体药物的内部空间。所述阀体具有液体入口和对置的液体出口,所述液体入口和所述液体出口均通向所述内部空间。在所述内部空间中布置有多个微型通道,所述多个微型通道在所述液体入口与所述液体出口之间的连接方向上延伸。
根据本发明的阀门利用了毛细效应(Kapillareffekt)。公知的是,液体能够由于毛细力而润湿表面并且移动穿过复杂的结构。在此,液体移动所需要的能量由液体内部液体原子之间的原子引力与位于所述液体与气体之间的所述液体表面上并因此所述界面上的液体原子之间的原子引力之间的差来确定。液体与气体之间的界面也被称为自由表面。同样,为了使液体原子离开所述自由表面,必须消耗能量,从而先前更深位置的、处于所述液体内部的原子形成所述自由表面。因此,必须施加力才能使液体成分离开润湿程度高的表面。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述阀体形成由侧壁限定的液体通道。所述侧壁可以是横截面为多边形或者圆的例如圆形的通道的平行侧壁。
在一种实施方式中,所述内部空间的横截面面积大于所述微型通道的横截面面积,其中,所述微型通道与所述内部空间之间的横截面面积比例优选为1:5至1:1000之间,特别优选为1:50至1:100之间。所述微型通道的直径优选为1微米至200微米之间,特别优选为5微米至20微米之间。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述微型通道由平行的、棒状的限定元件所组成的栅格形成,或者由平行的、棒状的限定元件所组成的栅格的多个平行的、相互错开地布置的层形成。在此,所述限定元件能够垂直于所述液体入口与所述液体出口之间的连接方向地延伸。所述限定元件优选具有圆的横截面,尤其是圆形横截面,或者多边形横截面。所述限定元件的直径可以例如为0.5微米至50微米之间,优选为3微米至15微米之间。附带地,所述限定元件的长度可以为几微米直至所述阀体的所述内部空间的整个直径,特别优选地,所述限定元件垂直于液体入口与液体出口之间的连接方向的长度为所述内部空间直径的20%至80%。为此,所述限定元件可以从限定所述阀体的内部空间的侧壁的内侧出发在对置的侧壁的方向上延伸,而不碰到所述对置的侧壁,从而形成所述限定元件与各自对置的侧壁之间的间距。所述实施方式的特征尤其还在于,所述实施方式易于制造。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,为了提高所述限定元件与液体之间的附着力,所述限定元件的表面具有功能涂层,例如亲水涂层。此外,为此目的,通道内侧可以涂覆成具有疏水性。
在本发明的又一种实施方式中,所述内部空间、所述液体入口和所述液体出口具有垂直于所述连接方向的相同横截面几何结构。由此实现了一种特别紧凑并且易于制造的阀门几何结构。
在此,可以设置的是,所述阀体具有平行的侧壁,所述侧壁的内侧界定出所述内部空间,其中,所述侧壁在对置的端部上并入成所述液体入口或者所述液体出口。一种易于制造的阀门由如下方式来实现,即,在上一次所称的实施方式中,所述阀体在它位于所述液体入口与所述液体出口之间的整个长度上具有恒定的横截面。
所述阀体可以具有圆的横截面,尤其是圆形横截面,或者多边形横截面。
根据另一个方面,本发明涉及一种用来施用液体药物的设备,所述设备具有容器,在所述容器中提供或者能够提供药物,所述设备具有泵,所述泵具有泵室,所述泵室经由单向阀与所述容器流体连接,所述单向阀仅在从所述容器到所述泵室的方向上是可穿透的,并且所述泵室经由根据前述权利要求之一所述的阀门与药物出口流体连接。
附图说明
结合附图对本发明的其他细节进行阐述。
图1示出根据本发明的没有施加负压的阀门的一种实施例的示意性纵向横截面;
图2示出根据图1的被施加了负压P1>0的阀门的示意性纵向横截面;以及
图3示出根据图1和图2的被施加了负压P2>P1的阀门的示意性纵向横截面。
具体实施方式
在图1所示的阀门中示出了阀体1的纵向横截面。所述阀体1由对置的平行侧壁7来限定。所述侧壁7以其内侧8限定内部空间2,液体20,例如药物,容纳在所述内部空间2中。液体入口3或者液体出口4在所述阀体1的对置的侧上构成。所述液体入口3和对置的液体出口4具有与其余的阀体1正好相同的横截面,尤其是与所述内部空间2正好相同的横截面。例如,泵可以连接到所述液体出口4上,所述泵带有用来施用液体药物的设备的泵室。
所述阀体1可以例如具有圆形的横截面,或者多边形的横截面,例如矩形横截面,尤其是正方形横截面。在图1中以横截面示出的限定元件6是相互平行地延伸的、棒状的栅格条,所述栅格条垂直于附图平面地延伸。每两个相邻的限定元件6在它们之间形成微型通道5,所述微型通道5在所述液体入口3与所述液体出口4之间的连接方向x上延伸并且朝向两个入口3、4是敞开的。
如图1所示,所述微型通道由平行的、棒状的限定元件所组成的栅格的多个平行的、相互错开地布置的层形成。
如果在所述液体出口4上没有施加负压(P0=0)的话,那么所述液体20(如图1中所示的那样)在其自身与气体30之间形成基本平坦的自由表面。
只有当负压(P1>0)施加到所述液体出口4上时(参见图2),所述液体20与所述气体30之间的所述自由表面才构成凹形几何结构。随着负压升高,液体20与气体30之间的凹形界面的半径降低。这种情况在图3中示出,在这种情况下适用的是P2>P1。
所述自由表面的曲率半径取决于所谓的拉普拉斯压力(Laplace-Druck)。该压力随着界面半径的变小而增加。因此,当所述负压超过对图1至图3中所示的微型通道结构来说有效的最大拉普拉斯压力时,从所述阀体1中输出所述液体。因此,根据本发明的阀门特别适用于作为出口阀应用在依据分类的用来施用液体药物的设备中。
原则上,所述拉普拉斯压力与液体的表面张力成比例地增加。因此,为了在给定的表面张力下将针对所述负压的阈值(在所述阈值下从所述阀体1中输出所述液体)调整到确定的值上,可能需要的是,相应地调校所述微型通道5的直径,并因此调校所述限定元件6相对于彼此的间距。
图1至图3中所示的实施方式可以例如具有垂直于所述侧壁的内侧8的、处于大约1微米至500微米之间的内部空间直径。优选地,该直径为10微米至100微米之间。
所述微型通道5的直径,因此所述限定元件6之间的自由间距或者浅色范围可以位于0.5微米至50微米之间。优选地,所述限定元件6之间的自由间距或者浅色范围为3微米至15微米之间。
本发明的在前面的说明书、附图以及权利要求书中公开的特征不仅能够以单独的方式而且能够以任意组合的方式成为实现本发明的要点。
附图标记列表
1 阀体
2 内部空间
3 液体入口
4 液体出口
5 微型通道
6 限定元件
7 侧壁
8 内侧
x 液体入口与液体出口之间的连接方向
Claims (12)
1.一种用来施用液体药物的设备,所述设备具有容器,在所述容器中提供或者能够提供药物,所述设备具有泵,所述泵具有泵室,所述泵室经由单向阀与所述容器流体连接,所述单向阀仅在从所述容器到所述泵室的方向上是可穿透的,并且所述泵室经由阀门与药物出口流体连接,其中,所述阀门具有阀体(1),所述阀体(1)具有用于容纳液体(20)的内部空间(2),其中,所述阀体(1)具有液体入口(3)和对置的液体出口(4),所述液体入口(3)和所述液体出口(4)均通向所述内部空间(2),其中,在所述内部空间(2)中布置有多个微型通道(5),所述多个微型通道(5)在所述液体入口(3)与所述液体出口(4)之间的连接方向(x)上延伸,
其中,所述微型通道由平行的、棒状的限定元件(6)所组成的栅格形成,或者由平行的、棒状的限定元件(6)所组成的栅格的多个平行的、相互错开地布置的层形成,其中,所述限定元件(6)垂直于所述液体入口(3)与所述液体出口(4)之间的连接方向(x)地延伸,
其中,所述微型通道(5)的直径为5微米至20微米之间,其中,所述微型通道(5)与所述内部空间(2)之间的横截面面积比例为1:50至1:100之间,
其中,所述内部空间(2)、所述液体入口(3)和所述液体出口(4)具有垂直于所述连接方向(x)的相同的横截面面积。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述限定元件(6)垂直于所述液体入口(3)与所述液体出口(4)之间的连接方向的长度为所述内部空间(2)的直径的20%至80%,其中,所述限定元件(6)从限定所述阀体(1)的内部空间(2)的侧壁(7)的内侧(8)出发在对置的侧壁(7)的方向上延伸,而不碰到所述对置的侧壁(7),从而形成所述限定元件(6)与各自对置的侧壁(7)之间的间距。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其特征在于,所述限定元件(6)具有圆的横截面或者多边形横截面。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其特征在于,所述限定元件(6)具有圆形横截面。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其特征在于,所述阀体(1)具有平行的侧壁(7),所述侧壁(7)的内侧(8)界定出所述内部空间(2),其中,所述侧壁在对置的端部上并入成所述液体入口(3)或者所述液体出口(4)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的设备,其特征在于,所述阀体(1)在它位于所述液体入口(3)与所述液体出口(4)之间的整个长度上具有恒定的横截面。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其特征在于,所述阀体(1)具有圆的横截面或者多边形横截面。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其特征在于,所述阀体(1)具有圆形横截面。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其特征在于,为了提高所述限定元件(6)与液体之间的附着力,所述限定元件(6)的表面具有功能涂层。
10.根据权利要求9所述的设备,其特征在于,为了提高所述限定元件(6)与液体之间的附着力,所述限定元件(6)的表面具有亲水涂层。
11.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其特征在于,所述限定元件(6)之间的浅色范围位于0.5微米至50微米之间。
12.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其特征在于,所述限定元件(6)之间的浅色范围位于3微米至15微米之间。
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