CN109888469B

CN109888469B - High-gain planar gradual change slot line antenna

Info

Publication number: CN109888469B
Application number: CN201910003500.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄晓东; 曹瑾茹; 金秀华
Original assignee: Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
Current assignee: Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
Priority date: 2019-01-02
Filing date: 2019-01-02
Publication date: 2020-08-11
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-02
Also published as: CN109888469A

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-gain planar gradient slot line antenna, which comprises a feed part, a top metal radiating unit, a bottom metal radiating unit and a dielectric substrate, wherein the top metal radiating unit is arranged on the top of the feed part; the outline shapes of the top layer metal radiating unit and the bottom layer metal radiating unit are involute curve shapes, a plurality of slender strip-shaped areas are cut on the medium substrate between the involute outline curves of the two metal radiating units to form a partially-cut hollow structure, and the long side of the outer side of each strip-shaped area is overlapped with the involute outline curves of the top layer metal radiating unit and the bottom layer metal radiating unit. The antenna improves the high-frequency gain of the antenna on the basis of not increasing the physical size of the original antenna, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, easy processing and manufacturing and wide application range.

Description

High-gain planar gradual change slot line antenna

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of microwaves, in particular to a high-gain planar gradient slot line antenna based on a partial medium substrate cutting technology.

Background

The planar gradual change slot line antenna has the advantages of being wide in frequency band, low in profile, high in directionality, low in cost and easy to integrate with other circuits as an ultra-wideband antenna with excellent performance. Based on the good characteristics, the planar gradient slot antenna is widely applied to high-speed wireless communication, wireless sensor networks, civil sensors, monitoring, medical microwave imaging and other aspects.

However, when such planar tapered slot line antenna radiates at high frequency, the directional diagram at the high frequency end is prone to split, so that radiation directivity is reduced and gain is reduced. Therefore, how to improve the high-frequency radiation of the planar tapered slot antenna is a hot research point of the antenna. In the prior art, the high-frequency gain of the antenna is generally improved by adding a parasitic patch, adding a metal or medium director, adding a zero-refraction structure and the like; however, most of these improvements require an increase in antenna size, complex structure and high processing cost for improving the high-frequency gain of the planar tapered slot antenna.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a high-gain planar gradual-change slot line antenna, which can obviously improve the high-frequency gain of the antenna under the condition of not increasing the physical size of the antenna.

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above purpose, the high-gain planar gradient slot line antenna of the present invention comprises a feeding portion, a top metal radiating element, a bottom metal radiating element and a dielectric substrate; the top metal radiating unit and the bottom metal radiating unit are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the medium substrate; the method is characterized in that: the top layer metal radiation unit and the bottom layer metal radiation unit are identical in structure, the outline shapes of the top layer metal radiation unit and the bottom layer metal radiation unit are involute curves, and the two metal radiation units are distributed in a rotational symmetry mode relative to the longest central axis of the medium substrate; the medium substrate between the two metal radiation units adopts a partially cut hollow structure.

Furthermore, a plurality of elongated strip-shaped areas are cut out of the medium substrate to form a partially cut hollow structure.

Further, the cut-off strip-shaped area is positioned on the dielectric substrate between the involute profile curves of the two metal radiation units.

Furthermore, in the cut-off plurality of strip-shaped areas, the long side at the outer side of each strip-shaped area overlaps with the involute profile curves of the top layer metal radiating unit and the bottom layer metal radiating unit, and the long side at the inner side of each strip-shaped area is formed by translating the involute profile curves of the two metal radiating units towards the direction of the longest central axis of the medium substrate.

Furthermore, in the strip-shaped regions cut out from the dielectric substrate, the rectangular dielectric blocks left between every two adjacent strip-shaped regions without cutting out are used for fixedly connecting the dielectric substrates in different regions.

Further, the uncut rectangular dielectric blocks are distributed at intervals.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:

(1) the high-gain planar gradient slot line antenna based on the partial medium cutting technology is characterized in that a part of a medium substrate in a slot is cut to form a cut hollow structure on the basis of the shape of the medium substrate of the traditional planar gradient slot line antenna; and the medium substrate remained after the cutting between the slots is used as a medium guider; the structure is simple, the cost is low, and the processing is convenient;

(2) the gradual change slot line antenna improves the high-frequency gain of the antenna on the basis of not increasing the physical size of the antenna, greatly expands the application range of the antenna, and has good application prospect in the research fields of broadband antennas, array antennas and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a high gain planar tapered slot line antenna structure;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a high gain planar tapered slot line antenna structure;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a high gain planar tapered slot line antenna structure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the calculated return loss characteristics of a high-gain planar tapered slot antenna using HFSS software;

FIG. 5 is a graph of the gain curve of a high gain planar tapered slot antenna calculated using HFSS software;

FIG. 6 is the E-plane pattern at 2GHz for a high-gain planar tapered slot line antenna calculated using HFSS software;

FIG. 7 is the E-plane pattern at 4GHz for a high-gain planar tapered slot line antenna calculated using HFSS software;

fig. 8 is the E-plane pattern at 6GHz for a high gain planar tapered slot line antenna calculated using HFSS software.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the high-gain planar tapered slot antenna based on the partial dielectric removal technology includes a feeding portion 3, a top metal radiating element 1, a bottom metal radiating element 2, and a dielectric substrate; the dielectric substrate comprises a first dielectric substrate part 4, a second dielectric substrate part 5 and a dielectric substrate connecting part 6 positioned between the first dielectric substrate part 4 and the second dielectric substrate part 5. The top layer metal radiating unit 1 is arranged on the upper surface of the first part 4 of the medium substrate, the bottom layer metal radiating unit 2 is arranged on the lower surface of the first part 4 of the medium substrate, the top layer metal radiating unit 1 and the bottom layer metal radiating unit 2 are completely identical in structure and size, the outline shapes of the top layer metal radiating unit 1 and the bottom layer metal radiating unit 2 are involute curve shapes, and the two are rotationally symmetrical about the longest central axis of the medium substrate.

The first part 4, the second part 5 and the connecting part 6 of the dielectric substrate are partially overlapped and connected; the connecting part 6 of the medium substrate adopts a cutting technology to cut a plurality of strip-shaped areas which are mutually spaced on the medium substrate to form a partially-cut hollow structure. As shown in fig. 3, the cut strip-shaped regions are located on the dielectric substrate between the involute profile curves of the two metal radiating units, the outer long sides of each strip-shaped region are overlapped with the involute profile curves of the top metal radiating unit and the bottom metal radiating unit, and the inner long sides of each strip-shaped region are formed by translating the involute profile curves of the two metal radiating units towards the longest central axis direction of the dielectric substrate. The strip-shaped region is elongate.

The dielectric substrate connecting portion 6 also leaves a plurality of dielectric blocks uncut, each dielectric block being placed in the inter-slot region at a distance to connect the fixed dielectric substrate first portion 4 with the dielectric substrate second portion 5.

In this embodiment, the top metal radiating unit 1 and the bottom metal radiating unit 2 adopt an exponential gradient slotline structure; the dielectric substrate adopts a printed circuit board with a relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 2mm, and printed circuit boards with other specifications can also be adopted as the dielectric substrate. Other types of curves may be used with the slotline curve.

In this embodiment, the length of the overall size of the antenna is 256mm, and the width is 220 mm. In the dielectric substrate connecting portion 6, the spacing between adjacent dielectric blocks is 44mm, and the spacing between the first portion 4 and the second portion 5 of the dielectric substrate is 4 mm.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the return loss characteristics of the high-gain planar tapered slot antenna calculated by HFSS software when the antenna is designed according to a relative dielectric constant of 4.4, a thickness of 2mm, an overall dimension length of 256mm, and a width of 220 mm. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the-10 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna is wide, about 0.8-6 GHz.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the gain variation curve of the high-gain planar tapered slot antenna in the range of 0.8 to 6GHz, and it can be seen from the diagram that the gain of the antenna in the range of 4.3 to 6.0GHz is above 10 dB.

Fig. 6-8 are far-field E-plane directional diagrams of the high-gain planar gradual-change slot-line antenna at three different frequency points, wherein three observation frequency points are respectively 2GHz, 4GHz and 6GHz, and as can be seen from fig. 6-8, the maximum radiation direction of the antenna is kept stable, and no obvious lobe split phenomenon occurs.

In summary, the high-gain planar gradient slot line antenna based on the partial dielectric removal technology of the present invention can improve the high-frequency gain of the antenna without increasing the physical size of the original antenna, and the antenna has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, easy processing and manufacturing, and wide application range.

Claims

1. A high-gain planar gradient slot line antenna comprises a feed part, a top layer metal radiating element, a bottom layer metal radiating element and a dielectric substrate; the top metal radiating unit and the bottom metal radiating unit are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the medium substrate; the method is characterized in that: the top layer metal radiation unit and the bottom layer metal radiation unit are identical in structure, the outline shapes of the top layer metal radiation unit and the bottom layer metal radiation unit are involute curves, and the two metal radiation units are distributed in a rotational symmetry mode relative to the longest central axis of the medium substrate; the medium substrate between the two metal radiation units adopts a partially cut hollow structure; cutting a plurality of elongated strip-shaped areas on the medium substrate to form a partially cut hollow structure; the cut strip-shaped area is positioned on the medium substrate between the involute profile curves of the two metal radiation units; in the plurality of cut strip-shaped areas, the long side at the outer side of each strip-shaped area is overlapped with the involute profile curves of the top layer metal radiating unit and the bottom layer metal radiating unit, and the long side at the inner side of each strip-shaped area is formed by translating the involute profile curves of the two metal radiating units to the direction of the longest central axis of the medium substrate.

2. The high-gain planar tapered slot line antenna according to claim 1, wherein: in the strip-shaped areas cut out from the dielectric substrate, rectangular dielectric blocks which are not cut out and are left between every two adjacent strip-shaped areas fixedly connect the dielectric substrates in different areas.

3. The high-gain planar tapered slot line antenna according to claim 2, wherein: the uncut rectangular dielectric blocks are spaced apart from each other.