CN109881055A - A kind of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy one-step method phosphorus boron dual metamorphism method - Google Patents
A kind of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy one-step method phosphorus boron dual metamorphism method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to non-ferrous alloy preparation fields, are related to a kind of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy one-step method phosphorus boron dual metamorphism method.The present invention carries out after cocrystallized Al-Si alloy melting and refinery by de-gassing a step Metamorphism treatment to cocrystallized Al-Si alloy using Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy, the mechanical property of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy can be made to be improved significantly.Al-B-P intermediate alloy is added using one-step method in the present invention directly into cocrystallized Al-Si alloy melt, not only simplifies production technology, low in cost, and modification effect is more preferably, is applicable to industrialized production on a large scale, has a extensive future.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to non-ferrous alloy preparation fields, are related to a kind of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy one-step method phosphorus boron dual metamorphism side
Method.
Background technique
For casting Al-Si alloy, industrially carry out refining alloy frequently with Al-Ti-B system, Al-Ti-C system intermediate alloy
In Al phase, due to related compound TiAl3, AlB2, TiB2, TiC and Al have similar crystal structure and similar lattice normal
Number, can be used as the heterogeneous forming core core of Al.P is effective alterant element as Si phase in alloy, due to the heterogeneous forming core of AlP
Effect, can be with fine degenerate primary crystal Si, while can inhibit the growth of eutectic Si indirectly.
Patent (CN201710484856.4, a kind of phosphorus titanium dual metamorphism method of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy) using two-step method according to
It is secondary that a certain amount of Al-3P intermediate alloy and Al-5Ti intermediate alloy are added into cocrystallized Al-Si alloy melt, eutectic aluminum after going bad
The microscopic structure and mechanical property of silicon alloy significantly improve.Using this method can fine degenerate Al phase and Si phase simultaneously, rise double
Superimposition metamorphism, but modification process is cumbersome, needs to be added in two portions alterant, and needs to change furnace temperature, and there are more uncontrollable
Factor interference influences rotten result.To overcome this disadvantage, the present invention is added directly into cocrystallized Al-Si alloy melt using one-step method
Enter Al-B-P intermediate alloy, not only simplifies production technology, and modification effect is more preferably.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to simplify production technology, a kind of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy one-step method phosphorus boron dual metamorphism side is provided
Method, hence it is evident that improve the mechanical property of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy.
The present invention is mutually disposably become to the aluminium phase in cocrystallized Al-Si alloy with silicon simultaneously using Al-B-P alterant
Matter processing.
Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy alterant ingredient, as by mass percentage, ingredient be 1.5% boron, 3% phosphorus,
Remaining is aluminium.
Its concrete operation step includes:
(1) electric furnace melting Al-12.6wt.%Si cocrystallized Al-Si alloy in crucible is used, by cocrystallized Al-Si alloy melt
It is heated to 700~750 DEG C；
(2) carbon trichloride refinery by de-gassing is added；
(3) the Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy quality 0.05~0.6% is pressed into melt rapidly, is stirred
Heat preservation 1~3 minute after mixing uniformly；
(4) by melt cast to the metal mold of preheating, the cocrystallized Al-Si alloy of phosphorus boron dual metamorphism is made.
Preferably, the additional amount of Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy is cocrystallized Al-Si alloy quality in step (3)
0.4%.
The principle of the present invention is as follows:
There are a large amount of AlB in Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy tissue2Particle, this mutually mutually has similar crystal knot with aluminium
Structure and similar lattice constant can be used as the heterogeneous forming core core of aluminium phase；Meanwhile in Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy tissue
There are a large amount of AlP particles can be used as silicon phase since AlP mutually has similar crystal structure and similar lattice constant with silicon
Heterogeneous forming core core.When carrying out Metamorphism treatment to cocrystallized Al-Si alloy using Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy, not only introduce
AlP、AlB2Carry out refined eutectic structure, and newly introduce primary α-Al and primary crystal Si, make alloy structure be changed into eutectic structure+
Primary α-Al+primary crystal Si complex tissue, and Primary α-Al Phase and primary crystal Si phase can be used to regulate and control alloy microscopic structure.So
It can reach while realizing the compound modification treatment to aluminium phase and silicon phase, realize raising by improving cocrystallized Al-Si alloy microscopic structure
The purpose of its mechanical property.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention carries out dual metamorphism, alloy microscopic structure and power to eutectic aluminum-silicon using Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy
It learns performance to be significantly improved: 1. observing the microscopic structure discovery of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy, the present invention is in cocrystallized Al-Si alloy
It is middle to introduce a large amount of even primary crystal Si of tiny circle and the tiny dendrite primary α-Al of size, make original eutectic aluminum-silicon structural transformation
The line and staff control of primary α-Al, primary crystal Si and eutectic aluminum-silicon tissue, eutectic Si become graininess or rod-short from lamellar shape；②
The mechanical property discovery of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy is detected, the intensity and plasticity of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy prepared by the present invention obtain significantly
Ground improves, and comprehensive mechanical property improves obvious.3. the present invention only needs that an alterant is added into cocrystallized Al-Si alloy melt, greatly
It is big to simplify production technology, shorten the processing time, improve efficiency, and without changing furnace temperature, reduces uncontrollable factor interference, make most
More preferably, manufacturing technique method of the invention is simple for whole modification effect, low in cost, is applicable to industrialized production on a large scale,
It has a extensive future.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the microscopic structure of not rotten cocrystallized Al-Si alloy prepared by embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is micro- group of 0.1%Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy Metamorphism treatment cocrystallized Al-Si alloy prepared by embodiment 2
It knits.
Fig. 3 is micro- group of 0.2%Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy Metamorphism treatment cocrystallized Al-Si alloy prepared by embodiment 3
It knits.
Fig. 4 is micro- group of 0.3%Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy Metamorphism treatment cocrystallized Al-Si alloy prepared by embodiment 4
It knits.
Fig. 5 is micro- group of 0.4%Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy Metamorphism treatment cocrystallized Al-Si alloy prepared by embodiment 5
It knits.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be explained in more detail by embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to these realities
Apply example.
Embodiment 1
Unmetamorphosed cocrystallized Al-Si alloy:
(1) electric furnace melting Al-12.6wt.%Si cocrystallized Al-Si alloy in crucible is used, by cocrystallized Al-Si alloy melt
It is heated to 700~750 DEG C；
(2) carbon trichloride refinery by de-gassing is added；
(3) unmetamorphosed cocrystallized Al-Si alloy is made to the metal mold of preheating in melt cast.
Embodiment 2
Using 0.1%Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy Metamorphism treatment cocrystallized Al-Si alloy:
(1) electric furnace melting Al-12.6wt.%Si cocrystallized Al-Si alloy in crucible is used, by cocrystallized Al-Si alloy melt
It is heated to 700~750 DEG C；
(2) carbon trichloride refinery by de-gassing is added；
(3) 0.1%Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy is pressed into melt rapidly, keeps the temperature 1~3 minute after mixing evenly.
(4) by melt cast to the metal mold of preheating, the cocrystallized Al-Si alloy of phosphorus boron dual metamorphism is made.
Embodiment 3
Using 0.2%Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy Metamorphism treatment cocrystallized Al-Si alloy:
(1) electric furnace melting Al-12.6wt.%Si cocrystallized Al-Si alloy in crucible is used, by cocrystallized Al-Si alloy melt
It is heated to 700~750 DEG C；
(2) carbon trichloride refinery by de-gassing is added；
(3) 0.2%Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy is pressed into melt rapidly, keeps the temperature 1~3 minute after mixing evenly.
(4) by melt cast to the metal mold of preheating, the cocrystallized Al-Si alloy of phosphorus boron dual metamorphism is made.
Embodiment 4
Using 0.3%Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy Metamorphism treatment cocrystallized Al-Si alloy:
(1) electric furnace melting Al-12.6wt.%Si cocrystallized Al-Si alloy in crucible is used, by cocrystallized Al-Si alloy melt
It is heated to 700~750 DEG C；
(2) carbon trichloride refinery by de-gassing is added；
(3) 0.3%Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy is pressed into melt rapidly, keeps the temperature 1~3 minute after mixing evenly.
(4) by melt cast to the metal mold of preheating, the cocrystallized Al-Si alloy of phosphorus boron dual metamorphism is made.
Embodiment 5
Using 0.4%Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy Metamorphism treatment cocrystallized Al-Si alloy:
(1) electric furnace melting Al-12.6wt.%Si cocrystallized Al-Si alloy in crucible is used, by cocrystallized Al-Si alloy melt
It is heated to 700~750 DEG C；
(2) carbon trichloride refinery by de-gassing is added；
(3) 0.4%Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy is pressed into melt rapidly, keeps the temperature 1~3 minute after mixing evenly.
(4) by melt cast to the metal mold of preheating, the cocrystallized Al-Si alloy of phosphorus boron dual metamorphism is made.
Comparative example 1
(3) the step of embodiment 5 are revised as, eutectic aluminum-silicon is closed in such a way that Al-3P and Al-1.5B are added separately to
Gold carries out composite inoculating, remaining step is same as Example 5:
(1) well-type electric furnace melting Al-12.6wt.%Si cocrystallized Al-Si alloy in graphite crucible is used, by eutectic aluminum-silicon
Alloy melt is heated to 700~750 DEG C；
(2) carbon trichloride refinery by de-gassing is added；
(3) 0.4% Al-3P intermediate alloy is pressed into melt rapidly, keeps the temperature 5min after mixing evenly；
(4) 0.4% Al-1.5B intermediate alloy is pressed into melt rapidly, keeps the temperature 5min after mixing evenly；
(5) by melt cast to the metal mold of preheating, the cocrystallized Al-Si alloy of phosphorus boron composite inoculating is made.
Comparative example 2
(3) the step of embodiment 5 are revised as, cocrystallized Al-Si alloy is carried out using Al-3P or Al-1.5B intermediate alloy
Individually rotten, remaining step is same as Example 5:
(1) well-type electric furnace melting Al-12.6wt.%Si cocrystallized Al-Si alloy in graphite crucible is used, by eutectic aluminum-silicon
Alloy melt is heated to 700~750 DEG C；
(2) carbon trichloride refinery by de-gassing is added；
(3) the Al-1.5B intermediate alloy of 0.4% Al-3P or 0.4% is pressed into melt rapidly, is protected after mixing evenly
Warm 5min；
(4) by melt cast to the metal mold of preheating, the cocrystallized Al-Si alloy of the monotropic matter of phosphorus is made.
Performance test:
One, the microscopic structure of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy is observed:
By cocrystallized Al-Si alloy made from embodiment 1-5, after pre- ground smooth, observed with optical microscopy, as a result such as
Shown in Fig. 1-5.
Embodiment 1: do not go bad cocrystallized Al-Si alloy, and microscopic structure is as shown in Figure 1, there is a large amount of lamellar total in alloy
Crystal silicon, the irregular α-Al of partial shape and minimal amount of primary crystal Si；
When embodiment 2:Al-1.5B-3P additional amount is 0.1wt.%, the microscopic structure of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy as shown in Fig. 2,
Occurs a large amount of primary crystal Si in tissue, part Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys starts to be changed into graininess or rod-short, and α-Al becomes rounding rule；
When embodiment 3:Al-1.5B-3P additional amount is 0.2wt.%, the microscopic structure of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy as shown in figure 3,
Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys is refined, and α-Al area fraction increases；
When embodiment 4:Al-1.5B-3P additional amount is 0.3wt.%, the microscopic structure of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy as shown in figure 4,
α-Al area fraction further increases at this time and size reduces, and most of eutectic Si is changed into graininess or rod-short；
When embodiment 5:Al-1.5B-3P additional amount is 0.4wt.%, the microscopic structure of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy as shown in figure 5,
α-Al area fraction is maximum and dendrite size is minimum, and tiny primary crystal Si is uniformly distributed in matrix, and most of Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys is all
Transformed is graininess.The eutectic aluminum-silicon microstructure that above-mentioned phenomenon shows prepared by embodiment 5 is in optimum level.
Two, the mechanical property of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy is detected:
Identical size is made by GB/T 228-2002 test is above-mentioned with WDW-300 type microcomputer controlled electronic universal tester
The tensile property (tensile property includes tensile strength and elongation) of standard alloy sample, rate of extension 2mm/min.Alloy
Stretch test result is as shown in table 1, statistics indicate that:
1. 0.4wt.%Al-3P or 0.4wt.%Al-1.5B intermediate alloy is individually added into cocrystallized Al-Si alloy, it can be with
The elongation of alloy is greatly improved, but tensile strength is without improvement.After 0.1% Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy is added, alloy
Tensile strength significantly improves, but elongation declines.With the raising of Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy additional amount, cocrystallized Al-Si alloy
Tensile strength and elongation percentage be also continuously improved therewith；
2. alloy tension is strong after 0.4wt.%Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy is added to cocrystallized Al-Si alloy in embodiment 5
Highest is spent, though elongation, lower than the rotten cocrystallized Al-Si alloy of 0.4wt.%Al-3P intermediate alloy, comprehensive mechanical property shows most
It is good.Relative to the rotten cocrystallized Al-Si alloy of 0.4wt.%Al-3P and 0.4wt.%Al-1.5B is separately successively added, it is added
The tensile strength and elongation of the rotten cocrystallized Al-Si alloy of 0.4wt.%Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy are all significantly improved, relatively
For unmetamorphosed cocrystallized Al-Si alloy, comprehensive mechanical property improves obvious.
The mechanical property of 1 cocrystallized Al-Si alloy of table
Taking the above-mentioned ideal embodiment according to the present invention as inspiration, through the above description, relevant staff is complete
Various changes and amendments can be carried out without departing from the scope of the technological thought of the present invention' entirely.The technology of this invention
Property range is not limited to the contents of the specification, it is necessary to which the technical scope thereof is determined according to the scope of the claim.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy one-step method phosphorus boron dual metamorphism method, which is characterized in that use Al-1.5B-3P alterant
Disposable Metamorphism treatment is mutually carried out with silicon to the aluminium phase in cocrystallized Al-Si alloy simultaneously.
2. cocrystallized Al-Si alloy one-step method phosphorus boron dual metamorphism method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that specific preparation
Step are as follows:
(1) electric furnace melting cocrystallized Al-Si alloy in crucible is used, cocrystallized Al-Si alloy melt is heated to 700~750 DEG C；
(2) carbon trichloride refinery by de-gassing is added；
(3) Al-1.5B-3P intermediate alloy is pressed into melt rapidly, is kept the temperature after mixing evenly；
(4) by melt cast to the metal mold of preheating, the cocrystallized Al-Si alloy of phosphorus boron dual metamorphism is made.
3. cocrystallized Al-Si alloy one-step method phosphorus boron dual metamorphism method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that Al-
1.5B-3P alterant additional amount is the 0.05~0.6% of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy quality.
4. cocrystallized Al-Si alloy one-step method phosphorus boron dual metamorphism method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that Al-1.5B-
The additional amount of 3P alterant is the 0.4% of cocrystallized Al-Si alloy quality.
5. cocrystallized Al-Si alloy one-step method phosphorus boron dual metamorphism method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that step (3)
In soaking time be 1~3min.
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