CN109879570B - Intelligent control system for dewatering and drying bottom mud - Google Patents
Intelligent control system for dewatering and drying bottom mud Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent control system for dewatering and drying bottom mud, and belongs to the field of industrial control. According to the invention, the accurate optimization control of material addition can be realized according to the real-time concentration of the slurry in the slurry conveying pipeline at the front end of the stirrer, the total amount of the slurry conveyed into the stirrer and the material weight information measured by the weighing sensor; according to the concentration of the slurry in the homogenization tank after conditioning and the total amount of the slurry conveyed into the plate frame machine, the optimized control of the plate frame feeding (slurry) process is realized, namely, the plate frame feeding is finished after the feeding quality reaches a set expected value; according to the feeding quality of the plate frame machine and the total amount of the tail water outlet, the water content of a mud cake in the plate frame machine is monitored in real time, and when the water content reaches a desired value, pressing is completed, so that the optimized control of the plate frame pressing process is realized; the process treatment efficiency is improved, and the material and energy cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention is suitable for the field of industrial control, and relates to an intelligent control system for dewatering and drying bottom mud.
Background
With the increase of urban development speed, a large amount of urban industrial and domestic sewage is discharged into rivers and lakes, so that the eutrophication of bottom mud of the rivers and lakes is caused, the siltation of the bottom mud is increased, the water storage capacity of the rivers and lakes is reduced, and further urban waterlogging is possibly caused. In recent years, a great deal of urban river and lake sediment dredging engineering is developed, the dredged sediment can be dehydrated and dried in various ways, and the common process is plate-frame mechanical squeezing type dehydration, but a whole set of full-automatic process optimization control system and method are not disclosed in the prior art.
The traditional control method is independently carried out in three processes of slurry conditioning, plate frame feeding and plate frame squeezing, and each process is controlled by empirical values. In the slurry conditioning process, an operator judges the slurry concentration in the pipeline according to experience and manually adjusts the material adding speed and the adding amount; the feeding and squeezing processes of the plate frame are set according to experience, and the feeding or squeezing is stopped after the set time is reached. The empirical control mode has poor applicability to different argillaceous substances, low production efficiency and high production cost.
The invention discloses a sludge concentration, drying and filter pressing system (publication No. CN104529128A) which is published in 22.04.2015.A sludge concentration, drying and filter pressing system mainly comprises a sludge gravity concentration tank, a dewatered sludge feeding pump, a reaction mixer, a stacked spiral sludge dewatering machine, a sludge specific resistance conditioning device, an intermediate delivery pump, a sludge reaction tank, a feeding sludge pressing pump and a diaphragm type plate and frame filter press which are connected in sequence, and is characterized in that: the dosing port of the sludge specific resistance conditioning device is connected with a conditioner dosing device through a pipeline; the diaphragm type plate frame filter press is provided with a diaphragm type plate frame, filter cloth is wrapped outside the diaphragm type plate frame, the inner cavity of the diaphragm type plate frame is connected with a pressurized water tank through a pressurized branch pipe, and a pressure adjusting device is arranged on a header pipe between the pressurized branch pipe and the pressurized water tank. The system integrates the processes of sludge concentration, mechanical dehydration, specific resistance conditioning, solidification conditioning and drying, has the characteristics of automatic operation and automatic discharging, but is not suitable for dehydrating and drying the dredged sediment by the technical scheme.
The Chinese patent application (publication number CN103435239A) published in 2013, 12 and 11 relates to equipment for modifying and drying sludge into renewable fuel and a working process thereof, wherein the equipment comprises: the system comprises an original-state sludge metering hopper, an original-state sludge feeding belt conveyor, a solid additive metering hopper, a sludge stirring device, a sludge feeding and distributing system, a dehydrated sludge metering and feeding device, a dehydrated sludge feeding belt conveyor, an auxiliary material storage metering and conveying system, a main station, a stirring and mixing host, a finished fuel discharging belt conveyor and a control system. Also, the system and working process disclosed in this document are not suitable for dewatering and drying dredged sediment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an intelligent control system for dewatering and drying bottom mud.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the intelligent control system for dewatering and drying the bottom sediment comprises a data acquisition unit, a process optimization processing unit and an execution unit, wherein the process optimization processing unit is realized by means of an automatic control system based on a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC).
The operating equipment combines the concentration tank, the homogenization tank and the material tank to finish the mud conditioning process together; along the output direction of the slurry, the concentration tank, the stirrer, the homogenizing tank and the plate frame machine are connected in sequence through a slurry conveying pipeline; the method comprises the following steps that slurry at the bottoms of rivers and lakes is subjected to deslagging, then conveyed to a concentration tank through a dredging ship and further concentrated in the concentration tank, the concentrated slurry is conveyed to a stirrer through an environment-friendly cutter suction ship pump, a material tank is used for placing materials, the materials in the material tank are added into the slurry in the stirrer through a conveyor and a discharge valve, the slurry and the materials are uniformly stirred in the stirrer and then automatically flow into a homogenizing tank for secondary reaction, and the conditioning process is completed; conveying the conditioned slurry to a plate frame machine through a mud pump, and dehydrating and drying the slurry through the plate frame machine; execution units the respective devices themselves are devices common in the art.
The output end of the data acquisition unit is connected with the process optimization processing unit, and the data acquisition unit comprises various sensors, namely a flowmeter, an ultrasonic concentration meter, a weighing sensor, an ultrasonic liquid level meter and a liquid level switch; the first flowmeter and the first ultrasonic concentration meter are arranged on a slurry conveying pipeline between the concentration tank and the stirring machine and are used for detecting the flow f of slurry entering the stirring machine1Concentration c1(ii) a Second flowmeter and second ultrasonic concentration meterArranged on a slurry conveying pipeline between the homogenizing tank and the plate frame machine and used for detecting the flow f of slurry entering the plate frame machine2Concentration c2(ii) a The weighing sensor is arranged at the bottom of a material tank foot and used for measuring the weight W of the material tank; the ultrasonic liquid level meter is arranged at the upper part of the tail water tank of the plate frame machine and is used for monitoring the tail water yield of the plate frame machine; the liquid level switch is arranged above the homogenizing tank and used for detecting the slurry level of the homogenizing tank.
The process optimization processing unit is respectively connected with the data acquisition unit and the execution unit and comprises a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and a touch screen (HMI); the touch screen is a human-computer interaction device which is respectively connected with the data acquisition unit and the execution unit through a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), is used for displaying sensor data and controls the execution unit to work through a touch button arranged on the touch screen; the programmable logic controller is also provided with a process optimization software module for realizing process optimization;
further, the process optimization software module is configured to: (a) according to the real-time concentration c of the slurry in the slurry conveying pipeline at the front end of the stirrer1Total flow of slurry conveyed to the mixer
The accurate optimization control of material addition is realized by combining the physical weight information measured by the weighing sensor, and the optimized conditioning process is synchronously prepared for feeding into the plate frame machine in real time; (b) according to the concentration c of the slurry in the homogenization tank after conditioning2And the total flow of slurry delivered to the plate frame
Calculating plate frame feeding (slurry) mass MMaterial(s)When total mass M of plate frame feed (slurry)Total pulp inletReaches a set expected value MPeriod of timeThen, completing plate frame feeding, and realizing the optimized control of the plate frame feeding (slurry) process; (c) according to the mass M of the plate frame machine feeding (slurry)Total pulp inletTotal amount of tail water discharged MTotal tail waterMonitoring the water content omega of the mud cake inside the plate frame in real time, and when the water content omega reaches an expected value omegaPeriod of timeAnd then the squeezing is completed, and the optimized control of the plate frame squeezing process is realized.
Further, the intelligent control system for dewatering and drying the bottom mud provided by the invention has the following working process:
(1) collecting the mud concentration c entering the mixer1Flow rate f1Acquiring running state data of a homogenization tank liquid level switch and working equipment, and judging whether the homogenization tank slurry liquid level is a low signal or not, if so, executing the step (2), and otherwise, executing the step (3);
(2) and (3) slurry conditioning optimization process:
2.1) starting the stirrer, the screw conveyer and the discharge valve in sequence;
2.2) calculating the density rho of the slurry entering the mixer1And cumulative flow rate of slurry
2.3) depending on the slurry concentration c entering the stirrer1Mud density ρ1And the accumulated flow rate
Calculating the mass M of the absolute dry basis of the slurryOven drying；
2.4) calculating the mass M of the added materialsMaterial(s)Triggering and executing material addition, and calculating the weight variation delta W of the material tank after the material addition;
2.5) calculating the mass M of the added materialMaterial(s)The difference value between the weight variation delta W of the material tank and the weight variation delta W of the material tank is provided with a three-gear speed regulation critical difference value of the discharge valve, when the difference value between the weight variation delta W and the weight variation delta W is larger than a high-speed gear critical difference value, the discharge valve runs at full speed, when the difference value between the weight variation delta W and the weight variation delta W is smaller than a low-speed gear critical difference value, the discharge valve runs at low speed, and when the difference value is between the high-speed gear and the low-speed gear, the discharge valve runs at medium speed, so that the automatic speed regulation of the discharge valve is realized;
2.6) judging whether the liquid level switch of the homogenizing pool is a 'high' signal, if so, executing 2.7), if not, continuing the slurry adjusting process, and judging whether the liquid level switch of the homogenizing pool is a 'high' signal again until the liquid level switch of the homogenizing pool is a 'high' signal;
2.7) further judging the material addition mass MMaterial(s)Whether the difference value between the weight variation delta W of the material tank and the weight variation delta W of the material tank is zero or not is judged, if yes, a discharge valve, a conveyor and a stirrer are sequentially stopped, mud conditioning optimization control is completed, and the step (3) is executed; if not, continuing to add the materials and judging the adding mass M of the materialsMaterial(s)Whether the difference value between the weight variation quantity delta W of the material tank and the weight variation quantity delta W of the material tank is zero or not until the material adding mass M is reachedMaterial(s)When the difference value between the weight change quantity delta W of the material tank and the weight change quantity delta W of the material tank is zero, the step (3) is started to be executed;
(3) plate frame feeding optimization process:
3.1) judging whether the plate frame machine is ready, if so, executing the step 3.2), and if not, continuing to wait until the plate frame machine is ready;
3.2) starting the mud pump;
3.3) calculating the density rho of the slurry entering the plate frame machine2And cumulative flow rate of slurry
3.4) calculating the total amount M of tail water discharged in the plate frame feeding processTail water 1；
3.5) according to the density rho of the slurry entering the plate frame machine2And cumulative flow rate of slurry
Calculating total mass M of plate frame feeding (slurry)Total pulp inletAnd judging the total mass M of the plate frame feeding (slurry)Total pulp inletWhether the set desired feed mass M is reachedPeriod of timeIf yes, executing the step 3.6), if not, continuing feeding, and judging the total mass M of the plate frame feeding (slurry)Total pulp inletWhether the set desired feed mass M is reachedPeriod of timeUp to the total mass M of the plate-and-frame feed (slurry)Total pulp inletAnd setting the desired feed mass MPeriod of timeEqual;
3.6) stopping the mud pump, finishing the optimized control process of plate frame feeding, and executing the step (4);
(4) and (3) a plate frame squeezing optimization process:
4.1) calculating the total amount M of tail water discharged in the plate-and-frame pressing processTail water 2And the total amount M of the tail water discharged in the plate frame pressing processTail water 2The total amount M of tail water effluent in the plate frame feeding process obtained in the step 3.4)Tail water 1Accumulating to obtain the total amount M of the tail waterTotal tail water；
4.2) mass M on a dry basis based on the total chargeTotal feed is absolutely dryTotal mass M of plate frame feeding (slurry)Total pulp inletThe total amount M of the accumulated tail waterTotal tail waterCalculating the water content omega of the mud cake in the plate frame;
4.3) judging the water content omega of the mud cake in the plate frame and setting the expected water content omegaPeriod of timeIf so, executing the step 4.4), if not, continuing to squeeze, and continuing to judge the water content omega of the mud cake in the plate frame and the set expected water content omegaPeriod of timeWhether the water content is equal to the water content omega of the mud cake in the plate frame and the set expected water content omegaPeriod of timeEqual;
4.4) continuously judging whether the plate frame pressing time exceeds a set upper limit value, if not, stopping pressing, finishing the optimization control process of the plate frame pressing, and if so, triggering an alarm of abnormal material addition.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that: by detecting the concentration, the flow, the weight of the material tank and the tail water of the plate frame machine, the optimal control of three processes of slurry conditioning, plate frame feeding and plate frame squeezing in the bottom sludge dewatering and drying process is realized, the process treatment efficiency is improved, and the material and energy cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an intelligent control system for dewatering and drying sludge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a main flow chart of the operation of the intelligent control system for dewatering and drying the sediment according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a slurry conditioning process performed by the intelligent control system for dewatering and drying the sediment according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a plate-and-frame feeding process performed by the intelligent control system for dewatering and drying the sediment according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a plate-and-frame pressing process performed by the intelligent control system for dewatering and drying the sediment provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of an application scenario of the intelligent control system for dewatering and drying the sediment according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides an intelligent control system for dewatering and drying of bottom sludge, which comprises a data acquisition unit, a process optimization unit and an execution unit, wherein the process optimization unit is implemented by an automatic control system based on a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC).
Further, the execution unit comprises a screw conveyor 5, a discharge valve 4, a stirrer 6, a mud pump 7 and a plate frame machine 8, and the equipment is combined with the concentration tank 1, the homogenization tank 2 and the material tank 3 to finish the mud conditioning process together; along the output direction of the slurry, the concentration tank 1, the stirrer 6, the homogenizing tank 2 and the plate frame machine 8 are connected in turn through a slurry conveying pipeline 9; a slurry outlet is arranged on the stirrer 6, a slurry inlet is arranged on the homogenizing pool 2, and the slurry outlet of the stirrer 6 is higher than the slurry inlet of the homogenizing pool 2; the method comprises the following steps that slurry at the bottoms of rivers and lakes is subjected to deslagging and then is conveyed to a concentration tank 1 through a dredging ship, the slurry is further concentrated in the concentration tank 1, the concentrated slurry is conveyed to a stirrer 6 through an environment-friendly cutter suction ship pump 10, a material tank 3 is used for placing materials, the materials in the material tank 3 are added to the stirrer 6 through a spiral conveyor 5 and a discharge valve 4, the slurry and the materials are uniformly stirred in the stirrer 6 and then automatically flow into a homogenizing tank 2 for secondary reaction, and the conditioning process is completed; the conditioned slurry is conveyed into a plate frame machine 8 through a mud pump 7 and is dehydrated and dried through the plate frame machine 8; execution units the respective devices themselves are devices common in the art.
Further, the material tanks 3 can be provided with two materials, so that two different materials can be added when the slurry is conditioned, the slurry conditioning effect is better, and the slurry dewatering and drying effect is better.
Further, the data acquisition unit comprises various sensors, the output of the data acquisition unit is connected with the process optimization processing unit and is respectively a flowmeter, an ultrasonic concentration meter, a weighing sensor, an ultrasonic liquid level meter and a liquid level switch; two flow meters and two ultrasonic concentration meters are respectively arranged, a first flow meter 111 and a first ultrasonic concentration meter 121 are arranged on the slurry conveying pipeline 9 between the concentration tank 1 and the stirring machine 6 for detecting the flow f of the slurry entering the stirring machine 61Concentration c1(ii) a A second flowmeter 112 and a second ultrasonic concentration meter 122 are arranged on the slurry conveying pipeline 9 between the homogenizing tank 2 and the plate frame machine 8 and are used for detecting the flow f of the slurry entering the plate frame machine 82Concentration c2(ii) a The weighing sensor is arranged at the bottom of a material tank foot and used for measuring the weight W of the material tank; the ultrasonic liquid level meter is arranged on the upper part of a tail water tank of the plate frame machine 8 and is used for detecting the tail water quantity of the plate frame machine; the liquid level switch 13 is arranged above the homogenizing tank 2 and used for detecting the slurry level of the homogenizing tank.
Further, the process optimization processing unit is respectively connected with the data acquisition unit and the execution unit and comprises a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and a touch screen (HMI); the touch screen is a human-computer interaction device which is respectively connected with the data acquisition unit and the execution unit through a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), is used for displaying sensor data and controls the execution unit to work through a touch button arranged on the touch screen; and the programmable logic controller is also provided with a process optimization software module for realizing process optimization.
Further, the process optimization software module is configured to: (a) according to the real-time concentration c of the slurry in the slurry conveying pipeline at the front end of the stirrer1Total flow of slurry conveyed to the mixer
The accurate optimization control of material addition is realized by combining the physical weight information measured by the weighing sensor, the conditioning process is optimized, and synchronous preparation is carried out for feeding into the plate frame machine in real time; (b) according to the homogenization tank after conditioningInternal slurry concentration c2And the total flow of slurry delivered to the plate frame
Calculating plate frame feeding (slurry) mass MMaterial(s)When total mass M of plate frame feed (slurry)Total pulp inletReaches a set expected value MPeriod of timeThen, completing plate frame feeding, and realizing the optimized control of the plate frame feeding (slurry) process; (c) according to the mass M of the plate frame machine feeding (slurry)Total pulp inletTotal amount of tail water discharged MTotal tail waterMonitoring the water content omega of the mud cake inside the plate frame in real time, and when the water content omega reaches an expected value omegaPeriod of timeAnd then the squeezing is completed, and the optimized control of the plate frame squeezing process is realized.
The process optimization software module is compiled through a PLC program and mainly comprises a data acquisition subprogram, a slurry conditioning optimization control subprogram, a plate frame feeding optimization control subprogram and a plate frame squeezing optimization control subprogram.
The data acquisition subprogram is used for acquiring the slurry concentration, flow, weight of the material tank, tail water flow, a homogenization tank liquid level switch and running state data of equipment, and judging whether the slurry liquid level of the homogenization tank is a low signal or not; the mud conditioning optimization control subprogram also comprises a material equipment control subprogram, a density calculation subprogram, a flow accumulation subprogram, an absolute dry basis calculation subprogram, a material adding mass quantum program, a discharge valve automatic speed regulation subprogram and a mud conditioning end judgment subprogram; the plate frame feeding optimization control subprogram also comprises a plate frame machine communication subprogram, a mud pump control subprogram, a density calculation subprogram, a flow accumulation subprogram, a tail water accumulation subprogram and a feeding quality calculation subprogram; the plate frame pressing optimization control subprogram also comprises a tail water flow accumulation subprogram, a mud cake water content calculation subprogram and a plate frame pressing ending judgment subprogram.
Further, the intelligent control system for dewatering and drying the sediment has the following working modes:
(1) starting the control system, executing a data acquisition subroutine, and acquiring the slurry concentration c1Flow rate f1Weight W of material tank, tail water flow rate, obtainingJudging whether the slurry liquid level of the homogenization tank is a low signal or not according to the running state data of a homogenization tank liquid level switch and equipment, if so, executing the step (2), and if not, executing the step (3);
(2) the control system automatically executes a slurry conditioning optimization control subprogram:
2.1) calling a material equipment control subprogram, and sequentially starting a stirrer, a screw conveyer and a discharge valve in sequence;
2.2) calling a density calculation subprogram to calculate the density rho of the slurry1Calling a flow accumulation subprogram to calculate the accumulated flow of the slurry
2.3) calling an absolute dry basis calculation subroutine according to the slurry concentration c1Density rho1And the accumulated flow rate
Calculating the mass M of the absolute dry basis of the slurryOven drying；
2.4) calling a material addition mass quantum program to calculate the material addition mass MMaterial(s)Triggering and executing material addition, and calculating the weight variation delta W of the material tank after the material addition;
2.5) calling the automatic speed regulation subprogram of the discharge valve to calculate the material adding mass MMaterial(s)The difference value between the weight variation delta W of the material tank and the weight variation delta W of the material tank is provided with a three-gear speed regulation critical difference value of the discharge valve, when the difference value between the weight variation delta W and the weight variation delta W is larger than a high-speed gear critical difference value, the discharge valve runs at full speed, when the difference value between the weight variation delta W and the weight variation delta W is smaller than a low-speed gear critical difference value, the discharge valve runs at low speed, and when the difference value is between the high-speed gear and the low-speed gear, the discharge valve runs at medium speed, so that the automatic speed regulation of the discharge valve is realized;
2.6) calling a slurry conditioning end judgment subprogram, judging whether a homogenization tank liquid level switch is a high signal, if so, executing 2.7), if not, continuing the slurry adjustment process, and judging whether the homogenization tank liquid level switch is a high signal again until the homogenization tank liquid level switch is a high signal;
2.7) continuing to judge the material addition M through a slurry conditioning ending judgment subroutineMaterial(s)Whether the difference value between the weight change quantity delta W of the material tank and the weight change quantity delta W of the material tank is zero or not is judged, if yes, a discharge valve, a conveyor and a stirrer are sequentially stopped, mud conditioning optimization control is completed, the main program is returned to execute the step (3), if not, materials are continuously added, and the material adding quantity M is judgedMaterial(s)Whether the difference value between the weight change quantity delta W of the material tank and the weight change quantity delta W of the material tank is zero or not is judged until the difference value between the addition quantity and the weight change quantity of the material tank is zero.
(3) When the plate frame machine feeds, the system automatically executes a plate frame feeding optimization control subprogram:
3.1) calling a communication subprogram of the plate frame machine to judge whether the plate frame machine is ready, if so, executing the step 3.2), and if not, continuing to wait until the plate frame machine is ready;
3.2) starting the mud pump through a mud pump control subprogram;
3.3) calling a density calculation subprogram to calculate the mud density rho2Calling a flow accumulation subprogram to calculate the accumulated flow of the slurry
3.4) calling the tail water accumulation sub-program to calculate the total amount M of the tail water in the plate frame feeding processTail water 1；
3.5) calling a feed mass calculation subroutine according to the feed density rho2And the accumulated flow rate
Calculating total mass M of plate frame feeding (slurry)Total pulp inletAnd judging the total mass M of the plate frame feeding (slurry)Total pulp inletWhether the set desired feed mass M is reachedPeriod of timeIf yes, executing the step 3.6), if not, continuing feeding, and judging the total mass M of the plate frame feeding (slurry)Total pulp inletWhether the set desired feed mass M is reachedPeriod of timeUp to the total mass M of the plate-and-frame feed (slurry)Total pulp inletAnd setting the desired feed mass MPeriod of timeEqual;
3.6) calling a dredge pump control subprogram to stop the dredge pump, finishing the optimized control of plate frame feeding, and returning to the main program to execute the step (4).
(4) When the plate frame is squeezed, the system automatically executes a plate frame squeezing optimization control subprogram:
4.1) calling a tail water flow accumulation sub-program to calculate the total amount M of tail water in the plate frame pressing processTail water 2And the total amount M of tail water in the plate frame pressing processTail water 2The total amount M of tail water in the plate frame feeding process obtained in the step 3.4)Tail water 1Accumulating to obtain the total amount M of the tail waterTotal tail water；
4.2) calling a subprogram for calculating the water content of the mud cakes according to the mass M of the fed absolute dry basisTotal feed is absolutely dryTotal mass M of plate frame feeding (slurry)Total pulp inletCumulative total amount of tail water MTotal tail waterCalculating the water content omega of the mud cake in the plate frame;
4.3) calling a plate frame pressing ending judgment subroutine to judge the water content omega and set the expected water content omegaPeriod of timeIf yes, executing the step 4.4), if not, continuing to squeeze, and continuing to judge the water content omega and the set expected water content omegaPeriod of timeWhether the water content is equal to the set water content omega or notPeriod of timeEqual;
4.4) continuing to judge whether the plate frame pressing time exceeds a set upper limit value or not through a plate frame pressing ending judgment subprogram, stopping pressing if not, finishing plate frame pressing optimization control, returning to a main program, and triggering a material addition quantity abnormal alarm if yes.
And (V) finishing the work of the control system.
In summary, the present invention relates to a slurry conditioning process, a sheet frame feed process, and a sheet frame press process during operation.
The method comprises the following steps that slurry at the bottoms of rivers and lakes is conveyed to a concentration tank after deslagging by a dredging ship, further concentrated in the concentration tank, the concentrated slurry is conveyed to a stirrer through an environment-friendly cutter suction ship, materials are added into the stirrer to change the physical structure of bottom sludge and reduce the water content, the addition amount of the materials is the mass percentage of the absolute dry basis of the slurry, and the materials are added into the stirrer through a discharge valve and a screw conveyer; the slurry added with the materials automatically flows into the homogenizing pool, fully reacts in the homogenizing pool, and the water content is further reduced, and the process is called as a slurry conditioning process. And stopping after the slurry is conditioned every time the slurry level in the homogenizing tank meets the design requirement (namely the homogenizing tank is full), and performing slurry conditioning and slurry supplementing again when the slurry amount is too small.
Further, the mud in the homogenization pond is conveyed to the plate frame machine through a mud pump to be squeezed, tail water enters the tail water tank in the squeezing process and flows together to the concentration pond, and mud cakes fall off after squeezing is completed. The two processes of plate frame feeding and plate frame pressing are involved.
The following describes an optimized process flow of dewatering and drying the primary bottom sludge, so as to help understand the slurry conditioning process, the plate and frame feeding process and the plate and frame pressing process related to the working process of the invention.
(1) When the slurry is conditioned, the amount of the absolutely dry substrate entering the stirrer in the t time period is detected
Calculating the mass M of the materials to be added in the t time periodMaterial(s)＝α*MOven dryingThe weight change of the material tank in the period of t is delta W, and when the delta W is equal to MMaterial(s)When the material is added, the material is added; when the value of t is infinitely small, the time stage of t can be regarded as an instant process; before each mud conditioning process is finished, the total weight change of the material tank in the process is ensured to be equal to the total dry basis multiplied by the adding percentage.
(2) Detecting the slurry quality in the t time period when the plate frame is fed
When t is infinitely small, the instantaneous density and the flow can be considered; total amount of feed
When M isTotal pulp inlet＝MPeriod of timeWhen the feed was stopped.
(3) When the plate frame is fed and squeezed, the absolute dry matrix amount of the slurry entering the plate frame in the t time period is detected
When t is infinitely small, the t can be regarded as instantaneous concentration, density and flow; in the whole feeding process
Real-time water content of mud cake in plate and frame machine in process
When ω is ω ═ ωPeriod of timeAfter that, the pressing was stopped. Wherein M isTotal tail water＝MTail water 1+MTail water 2。
Wherein, the mass percentage concentration of the slurry in the slurry conveying pipeline at the front end of the mixer is c1Expressed as the mud density ρ1The instantaneous flow rate of the pipeline is f1Represents; the percentage of material addition is represented by alpha, and the weight of the material tank is represented by W; c for mass percentage concentration of mud in homogenizing pool2Expression, slurry density, p2Instantaneous flow through the dredge pump pipe using f2Represents; total amount M of tail water discharged in plate and frame feeding processTail water 1Total amount M of tail water discharged in plate and frame pressing processTail water 2The total amount M of the accumulated tail waterTotal tail waterM for the desired mass of the plate and frame machine feedPeriod of timeIndicating the desired water content by plate and frame pressingPeriod of timeIs shown in the drawings.
The present invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments shown above, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a bed mud dehydration mummification optimal control system which characterized in that: the system comprises a data acquisition unit, a process optimization processing unit and an execution unit, wherein the process optimization processing unit is realized by means of an automatic control system based on a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC);
the operating equipment combines the concentration tank, the homogenization tank and the material tank to finish the mud conditioning process together; along the output direction of the slurry, the concentration tank, the stirrer, the homogenizing tank and the plate frame machine are connected in sequence through a slurry conveying pipeline; the mud at the bottom of rivers and lakes is conveyed to a concentration tank through a dredging ship after deslagging, and is further concentrated in the concentration tank, and the concentrated mud is conveyed to a stirrer through an environment-friendly cutter suction ship pump; the material tank is used for placing materials, and the materials in the material tank are added to the stirrer through the conveyor and the discharge valve; the mud and the materials are uniformly stirred in a stirrer and then automatically flow into a homogenizing pool for full reaction, and the conditioning process is completed; conveying the conditioned slurry to a plate frame machine through a mud pump, and dehydrating and drying the slurry through the plate frame machine;
the output end of the data acquisition unit is connected with the process optimization processing unit, and the data acquisition unit comprises various sensors, namely a flowmeter, an ultrasonic concentration meter, a weighing sensor, an ultrasonic liquid level meter and a liquid level switch; the first flowmeter and the first ultrasonic concentration meter are arranged on a slurry conveying pipeline between the concentration tank and the stirring machine and are used for detecting the flow f of slurry entering the stirring machine1Concentration c1(ii) a The second flowmeter and the second ultrasonic concentration meter are arranged on the slurry conveying pipeline between the homogenizing tank and the plate frame machine and are used for detecting the flow f of the slurry entering the plate frame machine2Concentration c2(ii) a The weighing sensor is arranged at the bottom of a material tank foot and used for measuring the weight W of the material tank; the ultrasonic liquid level meter is arranged at the upper part of the tail water tank of the plate frame machine and is used for monitoring the tail water yield of the plate frame machine; the liquid level switch is arranged above the homogenizing tank and used for detecting the slurry level of the homogenizing tank;
the process optimization processing unit is respectively connected with the data acquisition unit and the execution unit and comprises a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and a touch screen (HMI); the touch screen is a human-computer interaction device which is respectively connected with the data acquisition unit and the execution unit through a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), is used for displaying sensor data and controls the execution unit to work through a touch button arranged on the touch screen; the programmable logic controller is also provided with a process optimization software module for realizing process optimization;
the process optimization software module is used for realizing that:
(a) according to the real-time concentration c of the slurry in the slurry conveying pipeline at the front end of the stirrer1Total flow of slurry conveyed to the mixer
The accurate optimization control of material addition is realized by combining the physical weight W information measured by the weighing sensor, the conditioning process is optimized, and synchronous preparation is carried out for feeding into the plate frame machine in real time;
(b) according to the concentration c of the slurry in the homogenization tank after conditioning2And the total flow of slurry delivered to the plate frame
Calculating plate frame feeding (slurry) mass MMaterial(s)When total mass M of plate frame feed (slurry)Total pulp inletReaches a set expected value MPeriod of timeThen, completing plate frame feeding, and realizing the optimized control of the plate frame feeding (slurry) process;
(c) according to the mass M of the plate frame machine feeding (slurry)Total pulp inletTotal amount of tail water discharged MTotal tail waterMonitoring the water content omega of the mud cake inside the plate frame in real time, and when the water content omega reaches an expected value omegaPeriod of timeAnd then the squeezing is completed, and the optimized control of the plate frame squeezing process is realized.
2. The system of claim 1, characterized in that its workflow is as follows:
(1) collecting the mud concentration c entering the mixer1Flow rate f1Acquiring running state data of a homogenization tank liquid level switch and working equipment, and judging whether the homogenization tank slurry liquid level is a low signal or not, if so, executing the step (2), and otherwise, executing the step (3);
(2) and (3) slurry conditioning optimization process:
2.1) starting the stirrer, the screw conveyer and the discharge valve in sequence;
2.2) calculating the density rho of the slurry entering the mixer1And cumulative flow rate of slurry
2.3) depending on the slurry concentration c entering the stirrer1Mud density ρ1And the accumulated flow rate
Calculating the mass M of the absolute dry basis of the slurryOven drying；
2.4) calculating the mass M of the added materialsMaterial(s)Triggering and executing material addition, and calculating the weight variation delta W of the material tank after the material addition;
2.5) calculating the mass M of the added materialMaterial(s)The difference value between the weight variation delta W of the material tank and the weight variation delta W of the material tank is provided with a three-gear speed regulation critical difference value of the discharge valve, when the difference value between the weight variation delta W and the weight variation delta W is larger than a high-speed gear critical difference value, the discharge valve runs at full speed, when the difference value between the weight variation delta W and the weight variation delta W is smaller than a low-speed gear critical difference value, the discharge valve runs at low speed, and when the difference value is between the high-speed gear and the low-speed gear, the discharge valve runs at medium speed, so that the automatic speed regulation of the discharge valve is realized;
2.6) judging whether the liquid level switch of the homogenizing pool is a 'high' signal, if so, executing 2.7), if not, continuing the slurry adjusting process, and judging whether the liquid level switch of the homogenizing pool is a 'high' signal again until the liquid level switch of the homogenizing pool is a 'high' signal;
2.7) further judging the material addition mass MMaterial(s)Whether the difference value between the weight variation delta W of the material tank and the weight variation delta W of the material tank is zero or not is judged, if yes, a discharge valve, a conveyor and a stirrer are sequentially stopped, mud conditioning optimization control is completed, and the step (3) is executed; if not, continuing to add the materials and judging the adding mass M of the materialsMaterial(s)Whether the difference value between the weight variation quantity delta W of the material tank and the weight variation quantity delta W of the material tank is zero or not until the material adding mass M is reachedMaterial(s)When the difference value between the weight change quantity delta W of the material tank and the weight change quantity delta W of the material tank is zero, the step (3) is started to be executed;
(3) plate frame feeding optimization process:
3.1) judging whether the plate frame machine is ready, if so, executing the step 3.2), and if not, continuing to wait until the plate frame machine is ready;
3.2) starting the mud pump;
3.3) calculating the density rho of the slurry entering the plate frame machine2And cumulative flow rate of slurry
3.4) calculating the total amount M of tail water discharged in the plate frame feeding processTail water 1；
3.5) according to the density rho of the slurry entering the plate frame machine2And cumulative flow rate of slurry
Calculating total mass M of plate frame feeding (slurry)Total pulp inletAnd judging the total mass M of the plate frame feeding (slurry)Total pulp inletWhether the set desired feed mass M is reachedPeriod of timeIf yes, executing the step 3.6), if not, continuing feeding, and judging the total mass M of the plate frame feeding (slurry)Total pulp inletWhether the set desired feed mass M is reachedPeriod of timeUp to the total mass M of the plate-and-frame feed (slurry)Total pulp inletAnd setting the desired feed mass MPeriod of timeEqual;
3.6) stopping the mud pump, finishing the optimized control process of plate frame feeding, and executing the step (4);
(4) and (3) a plate frame squeezing optimization process:
4.1) calculating the total amount M of tail water discharged in the plate-and-frame pressing processTail water 2And the total amount M of the tail water discharged in the plate frame pressing processTail water 2The total amount M of tail water effluent in the plate frame feeding process obtained in the step 3.4)Tail water 1Accumulating to obtain the total amount M of the tail waterTotal tail water；
4.2) mass M on a dry basis based on the total chargeTotal feed is absolutely dryTotal mass M of plate frame feeding (slurry)Total pulp inletThe total amount M of the accumulated tail waterTotal tail waterCalculating the water content omega of the mud cake in the plate frame;
4.3) judging the water content omega of the mud cake in the plate frame and setting the expected water content omegaPeriod of timeIf so, executing the step 4.4), if not, continuing to squeeze, and continuing to judge the water content omega of the mud cake in the plate frame and the set expected water content omegaPeriod of timeWhether the water content is equal to the water content omega of the mud cake in the plate frame and the set expected water content omegaPeriod of timeEqual;
4.4) continuously judging whether the plate frame pressing time exceeds a set upper limit value, if not, stopping pressing, finishing the optimization control process of the plate frame pressing, and if so, triggering an alarm of abnormal material addition.
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| CN113860688A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2021-12-31 | 江苏科技大学 | Dewatering-brick making integrated system for high-water-content waste slurry and implementation method |
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