CN109879344A - A kind of photo-thermal evaporating surface and its preparation and application - Google Patents
A kind of photo-thermal evaporating surface and its preparation and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN109879344A CN109879344A CN201910166979.2A CN201910166979A CN109879344A CN 109879344 A CN109879344 A CN 109879344A CN 201910166979 A CN201910166979 A CN 201910166979A CN 109879344 A CN109879344 A CN 109879344A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of photo-thermal evaporating surface for belonging to solar energy heat utilization technical field and its preparations and application.Photo-thermal evaporating surface is the porous microstructure that substrate surface is attached with array periodic arrangement, and porous microstructure is that the coffee cyclic structure formed is accumulated by nano particle；Microlayer model generator is specifically utilized, by nano-fluid droplet array formula periodic arrangement in substrate surface, and is heated so that drop is evaporated, substrate surface forms the coffee ring-type porous microstructure of array periodic arrangement.Photo-thermal evaporating surface photothermal conversion efficiency provided by the invention is high, may be reused, and nano-fluid dosage needed for preparation efficiency light thermal evaporation surface is very small, at low cost, is conducive to industrial applications.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar energy heat utilization technical field, in particular to a kind of photo-thermal evaporating surface and its preparation and answer
With.
Background technique
Evaporation process is seen everywhere in daily life, is widely used in ship power, power generation, sea water desalination, chemical industry life
The fields such as production.The prior art for absorbing solar energy producing steam at present mainly has nano-fluid overall absorption, high-efficiency solar photo-thermal
Conversion film Surface absorption, spectral selection absorbing film etc. are several.But in these absorption process, nano-fluid overall absorption exists
More, the at high cost disadvantage of nano particle is consumed, large-scale industrial application is not suitable for；High-efficiency solar photothermal conversion film be with
Porous material is skeleton, and photothermal conversion nano particle is attached to porous material surface, and there are performances, and unstable, more dependence is porous
The problem of cooperating between material and nano particle；Spectral selection absorbing film is most widely used material, but can only be coated in
Outer surface heats liquid by material thermal conductivity, and heat loss is big, low efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of photo-thermal evaporating surface and its preparation and application, specific technical solution are as follows:
A kind of photo-thermal evaporating surface, substrate surface is attached with the porous microstructure of array periodic arrangement, described porous
Micro-structure is that the coffee cyclic structure formed is accumulated by nano particle.
The base material is glass, silicon wafer, organic glass or metal；Wherein, glass is preferably quartz glass.
The nano particle is answering for one or more of metal, metal oxide, nonmetallic inorganic composition granule composition
Condensation material.
The base material has hydrophobic surface, and nano particle has hydrophilic surface.
The preparation method of the photo-thermal evaporating surface, using microlayer model generator, by the nano-fluid droplet array formula period
Property be arranged in substrate surface, and heat so that drop is evaporated, the coffee that substrate surface forms array periodic arrangement is cyclic annular more
Hole micro-structure.
The substrate surface need to pass through polishing treatment, make substrate surface roughness submicron order；The substrate surface makes
With preceding carrying out cleaning treatment: being successively cleaned by ultrasonic first with acetone, alcohol, deionized water, recycling is dried with nitrogen, and repeats 3~4
It is secondary, adhere to substrate surface without organic dirt.
Preferably, acetone is that analysis is pure, and alcohol is preferably dehydrated alcohol.
The nano-fluid is the sharp colloidal solution containing nano particle；Specifically certain body is generated using microlayer model generator
Long-pending nano-fluid drop, and according to certain rule, nano-fluid droplet array formula is periodically attached on substrate surface.
Further, the nano-fluid utilizes " one-step method " or " two-step method " to prepare: " one-step method " refers to is closed using chemistry
At means, the colloidal solution containing nano particle is disposably made；" two-step method ", which refers to, is dispersed in appropriate solvent for nano particle
In, and stablize colloidal solution with the method for ultrasonic disperse and addition activating agent.
Further, the nano-fluid droplet size that the microlayer model generator generates is justified by nano-fluid concentration, contact
Diameter, contact angle size codetermine.
Further, the array periodic arrangement is arranged radially, concentric arrays, tessellate arrangement or positive six side
Shape arranges quasi-periodic arrangement；The spacing of the adjacent nano fluid drop >=nano-fluid drop and substrate surface contact surface
Diameter polymerize to avoid between drop.
It is described to heat so that drop is evaporated specifically, the substrate surface for being attached with array periodic arrangement drop is used
The mode of illumination heating or substrate heating is evaporated drop.Drop internal generates Radial Flow in evaporation process, and nano particle exists
The formation cricoid porous microstructure of coffee at contact line is deposited under Radial Flow effect；After drop is evaporated, coffee is cricoid more
Hole micro-structure will be left in substrate surface, and just all absorb incident solar energy.
Further, it is Intrinsic Gettering, plasmon resonance effect or multiple that porous microstructure, which absorbs the mode of solar energy,
One of scattering absorption is a variety of.
Further, illumination heating refers to: the substrate surface for being placed with drop is placed on sunlight, solar simulator
Or in the range of exposures of the light sources such as infrared radiation lamp, it is evaporated it using drop absorption radiation energy.
Further, substrate heating refers to: the substrate surface for being placed with drop being placed on hot plate, is passed using substrate
Drop is evaporated by the heat led.
Application of the photo-thermal evaporating surface in solar energy heat utilization, encloses one layer on the photo-thermal evaporating surface
Clear water film, clear water film ruptures automatically forms droplet array, and under sunlight irradiation, the nanoparticle absorbance of substrate surface accumulation is too
Sun can be to heat drop, and liquid is converted into vapor in drop, realizes solar energy optical-thermal producing steam.
Application of the photo-thermal evaporating surface in sea water desalination encloses one layer of seawater film in the photo-thermal evaporating surface,
Seawater film ruptures automatically forms sea water drops array, so that liquid is converted into vapor in sea water drops, realization seawater is light for heating
Change.
Application of the photo-thermal evaporating surface in sewage treatment encloses one layer of sewage membrane in the photo-thermal evaporating surface,
Sewage membrane ruptures automatically forms sewage droplet array, and heating is realized at sewage so that liquid is converted into vapor in sewage drop
Reason.
For the photo-thermal evaporating surface in sea water desalination, sewage treatment application process, heating method is solar illuminating, electricity
Heating or radiant heating etc..
The heating method is solar illuminating, is accomplished that solar energy heat utilization desalinizes seawater, handles sewage.
The clear water film, seawater film, sewage membrane rupture porous microstructure on the droplet array and substrate surface of formation automatically
Arrangement mode is identical.
During the drop absorption heat of vaporization, clear water, seawater or sewage constantly are supplemented in substrate surface, duration is realized
Solar energy optical-thermal producing steam, sea water desalination or sewage treatment.
The preparation and working principle of photo-thermal evaporating surface of the present invention are as follows: microlayer model generator is according to certain rule in cleaning
Substrate surface places the nano-fluid drop of multiple certain volumes, in substrate heating or solar radiation heating process, drop
Internal Radial Flow can carry nano particle to movement at droplet contact line, and after drop is evaporated, nano particle can be in contact line
Place's accumulation forms " coffee ring " pattern, which is that nano particle accumulates the porous microstructure to be formed, and is in close contact between particle,
Coupling occurs between incident solar energy, enhances photothermal conversion efficiency.One layer of clear water film is enclosed in substrate surface, due to having
The region of particle packing shows hydrophily, and the region without granule accumulation shows hydrophobicity, acts in different wellabilities
Under, clear water film can rupture to form droplet array automatically, form and nano-fluid droplet array when preparation surface of droplet array
Form is identical.Later, it placing it under sunlight irradiation, the nano particle and solar energy of substrate surface accumulation interact,
Convert solar energy into energy heats drop, drop absorption heat of vaporization.Clear water, sea constantly are supplemented in substrate surface during evaporation
Water or sewage, convert clear water, seawater or sewage to clean vapor, duration efficiently realize solar energy optical-thermal producing steam,
The purpose of sea water desalination or sewage treatment.
The invention has the benefit that
(1) present invention dexterously combines coffee ring effect and nano particle efficient absorption solar property, will be in drop
Closely self assembly reduces the spacing between particle, obtains a kind of efficiency light thermal evaporation surface nano particle in substrate surface.
(2) compared to traditional solar heating evaporation surface, photo-thermal evaporating surface provided by the invention, on the one hand, Ke Yibao
Card forms large scale array drop, and the drop that surface is formed can effectively increase gas-liquid interface area, improves photo-thermal producing steam efficiency；
On the other hand, substrate surface attachment nano particle can efficient absorption solar energy, heating drop so that it is converted into water vapour, with
Realize high-efficiency continuous photo-thermal producing steam, photothermal conversion efficiency is high, in fields such as sea water desalination, sewage treatment, Solar uses
All have wide application prospect.
(3) photo-thermal evaporating surface structure provided by the invention it is reliable and stable, it is adaptable, may be reused, and prepare
Nano-fluid dosage needed for efficiency light thermal evaporation surface is very small, and highest water can be obtained with minimal amount of nano particle and is steamed
Gas gas producing efficiency；Material, cheap is saved, industrial applications are conducive to.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is photo-thermal evaporating surface preparation flow figure of the present invention；
Attached drawing 2 is photo-thermal evaporating surface structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Attached drawing 3 is that photo-thermal evaporating surface of the present invention applies the schematic illustration in solar energy heat utilization；
Label declaration: 1- substrate；2- cleaning solution；3- microlayer model generator；4- nano-fluid；5- nano-fluid drop；6-
Solar simulator；7- nano particle；The Radial Flow of 8- drop internal；9- " coffee ring " shape porous microstructure；10- photo-thermal steams
Deliver face；11- " coffee ring " shape porous microstructure Section A-A；12- clear water.
Attached drawing 4 is that single clear water drop solar irradiation evaporated volume on photo-thermal evaporating surface of the present invention and general surface becomes
Change curve.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of photo-thermal evaporating surface and its preparations and application, with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples to this hair
It is bright to be described further.
Photo-thermal evaporating surface preparation flow figure as shown in Fig. 1 mainly includes three steps: (1) substrate surface cleans
Processing；(2) nano-fluid drop period array arrangement is attached on substrate surface；(3) heating is evaporated drop.
Wherein, step (1) substrate surface cleaning treatment concrete operations are as shown in Fig. 1-a, 1-b.In Fig. 1-a, substrate 1 is soaked
Not in cleaning solution 2, and cleaning treatment is carried out to the surface of substrate 1 in supersonic wave cleaning machine；Cleaning solution 2 be respectively acetone,
Dehydrated alcohol and deionized water；Using organic solvents such as acetone, dehydrated alcohols to the good solubility of organic matter, and combine ultrasound
Wave concussion can remove the organic dirt on 1 surface of substrate；Then remaining acetone on deionized water removal 1 surface of substrate is utilized
And dehydrated alcohol.Finally 1 surface of substrate is dried up with high pure nitrogen, as shown in Fig. 1-b.
The arrangement of step (2) nano-fluid drop period is attached on substrate surface concrete operations as shown in fig 1-c.Micro-
Nano-fluid 4 is packed into droplet generator 3, the nano particle dispersed in nano-fluid is metal, metal oxide or nonmetallic
The composite material of one or more of particles of inorganic material composition.The nano-fluid of volume quantitative is generated with microlayer model generator 3
Drop 5, and it is placed on 1 surface of substrate according to the arrangement mode of cyclic array formula, nano-fluid droplet array is formed,
As shown in fig 1-c.
Nano-fluid drop 5 cyclic array formula arrangement can be arranged radially, concentric arrays, tessellate arrangement,
Periodic formations, the spacing >=nano-fluid drops 5 of adjacent nano fluid drop 5 such as regular hexagon arrangement connect with 1 surface of substrate
Contacting surface diameter, polymerize to avoid between drop.
Step (3) heating makes drop be evaporated concrete operations as shown in Fig. 1-d, 1-e；Week is attached with by what step (2) obtained
The substrate of the nano-fluid drop 5 of phase property array arrangement, which is placed under solar simulator 6, irradiates, as shown in 1-d；Nanometer stream
Nano particle 7 in body fluid drop 5 absorbs solar energy, is energy heats surrounding liquid by photothermal conversion, then liquid steams in drop
Hair is converted into vapor, and in this evaporation process, the Radial Flow 8 of drop internal carries nano particle 7 to mobile at contact line,
Nano particle is eventually deposited near contact line, as shown in 1-e.
Attached drawing 2 is the photo-thermal evaporating surface structural schematic diagram obtained through preparation flow shown in attached drawing 1.Nano-fluid drop 5
After being evaporated, nano particle being left on 1 surface of substrate and accumulates to form " coffee ring " shape porous microstructure 9, being formed has nanometer
The patterning efficiency light thermal evaporation surface 10 of particle attachment；Wherein distribution of " coffee ring " the shape porous microstructure 9 in substrate surface
Specifically as shown in Fig. 2-a.Substrate surface nano particle micro-structure top view as shown in fig. 2-c, " coffee ring " shape porous microstructure 9
It is arranged on the surface of the substrate in cyclic array formula.
Fig. 2-b is the Section A-A figure that nano particle accumulates " coffee ring " the shape structure 9 to be formed in Fig. 2-a, is specifically shown in " coffee
Coffee ring " shape porous microstructure Section A-A 11, it can be seen that nano particle is in close contact in " coffee ring " shape porous microstructure 9.
Fig. 2-d is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of " coffee ring " shape porous microstructure 9, and " coffee ring " shape shown in Fig. 2-d is porous
It is made of being accumulated as nano particle that 9 microscopic appearance of micro-structure, which can be seen that " coffee ring " shape porous microstructure 9,.
Attached drawing 3 is that photo-thermal evaporating surface of the present invention applies the schematic illustration in solar energy heat utilization.Wherein: will be attached
The photo-thermal evaporating surface that preparation flow shown in Fig. 1 obtains is immersed in clear water 12, or covers water membrane on the surface, such as Fig. 3-
Shown in a.In the case where surface can act on, clear water voluntarily can form drop in the position for having nanoparticle deposition, as shown in Fig. 3-b.It will
The efficiency light thermal evaporation surface for being attached with drop is placed under sunlight irradiation, due at contact line with the presence of nano particle,
Nano particle interacts with incident light, heat drop is generated, as shown in Fig. 3-c；Drop evaporation is converted into water steaming
Gas after evaporation, can continue to cover moisture film on it, form droplet array evaporation, and duration is realized that solar energy optical-thermal produces and steamed
Vapour.
Attached drawing 4 is single clear water drop sun on the photo-thermal evaporating surface of only one porous microstructure and general surface
Illumination evaporated volume change curve.Photo-thermal evaporating surface base material is quartz glass, forms Jenner used in porous microstructure
Rice fluid concentrations are 10 μ g/mL, and the droplet size that microlayer model generator generates is 2 μ L, and drop is in the contact angle of substrate surface
81 °, contact surface diameter is 2.1 millimeters；Only one porous microstructure on photo-thermal evaporating surface.General surface base material is stone
English glass is not handled by any surface modification.Heating method is solar irradiation.
Embodiment 1
Efficiency light thermal evaporation surface is prepared according to following methods:
Substrate surface selects quartz glass, 200 millimeters long, 200 millimeters wide, 2 millimeters thick.Quartz glass surfaces are polished
Processing, surface roughness is in sub-micron rank.Successively cleaned in supersonic wave cleaning machine with acetone, dehydrated alcohol, deionized water,
Surface organic dirt is removed, is dried with nitrogen spare.
Nano-fluid selects gold nano fluid, and concentration is 10 μ g/mL, and gold nano grain diameter is 18 nanometers.Nanometer is flowed
Body is fitted into microlayer model generator, and is fixed on coordinate table, by controller moving coordinate platform, thus in designated position
Generate drop.The droplet size that microlayer model generator generates is 2 μ L, and drop is 81 ° in the contact angle of substrate surface, and contact surface is straight
Diameter is 2.1 millimeters.Drop, spacing 4mm are placed according to square grid array.
The substrate for being attached with drop is placed under solar simulator, the irradiation intensity of solar simulator is 1kW/
m2.After being evaporated to the drop on substrate surface, the coffee annular patterns of yellow one by one, the coffee can be observed on the surface
Annular patterns are that nano particle accumulates the porous microstructure to be formed；Obtain efficiency light thermal evaporation surface.
The efficiency light thermal evaporation surface of above-mentioned preparation is immersed in clear water, is taken out later, clear water will be voluntarily in nano particle
Deposition region forms drop, under solar energy irradiation, nanoparticle absorbance solar energy thermal transition, and heating clear water drop evaporation,
Realize that efficient solar energy generates steam.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of photo-thermal evaporating surface, which is characterized in that substrate surface is attached with the porous microstructure of array periodic arrangement,
The porous microstructure is that the coffee cyclic structure formed is accumulated by nano particle.
2. photo-thermal evaporating surface according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the base material is glass, silicon wafer, organic
Glass or metal；The nano particle is one or more of metal, metal oxide, nonmetallic inorganic composition granule composition
Composite material.
3. photo-thermal evaporating surface according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the base material has hydrophobic surface,
Nano particle has hydrophilic surface.
4. a kind of preparation method of any one of claim 1-3 photo-thermal evaporating surface, which is characterized in that sent out using microlayer model
Raw device by nano-fluid droplet array formula periodic arrangement in substrate surface, and heats so that drop is evaporated, and substrate surface is formed
The coffee ring-type porous microstructure of array periodic arrangement.
5. the preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the nano-fluid is the sharp glue containing nano particle
Liquid solution.
6. the preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the substrate surface roughness is submicron order；Institute
It states substrate surface and uses preceding carry out cleaning treatment: being successively cleaned by ultrasonic first with acetone, alcohol, deionized water, recycle nitrogen
Drying.
7. the preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the array periodic arrangement be arranged radially,
Concentric arrays, tessellate arrangement or regular hexagon arrangement；The spacing of the adjacent nano fluid drop >=nano-fluid drop
With the contact surface diameter of substrate surface.
8. a kind of application of any one of claim 1-3 photo-thermal evaporating surface in solar energy heat utilization, feature exist
In, enclose one layer of clear water film in the photo-thermal evaporating surface, clear water film ruptures automatically forms droplet array, sunlight irradiate
Under, the nanoparticle absorbance solar energy of substrate surface accumulation is to heat drop, and liquid is converted into vapor in drop, realizes the sun
It can photo-thermal producing steam.
9. a kind of application of any one of claim 1-3 photo-thermal evaporating surface in sea water desalination, which is characterized in that in institute
It states photo-thermal evaporating surface and encloses one layer of seawater film, seawater film ruptures automatically forms sea water drops array, heats so that sea water drops
Interior liquid is converted into vapor, realizes sea water desalination.
10. a kind of application of any one of claim 1-3 photo-thermal evaporating surface in sewage treatment, which is characterized in that
The photo-thermal evaporating surface encloses one layer of sewage membrane, and sewage membrane ruptures automatically forms sewage droplet array, heats so that sewage liquid
Liquid is converted into vapor in dripping, and realizes sewage treatment.
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| CN110931147A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-27 | 华中科技大学 | Transparent circuit board with self-assembled nano particles, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111299606A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-19 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Preparation method of nano-gold coffee ring and application of nano-gold coffee ring in SERS detection |
| CN111398277A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-10 | 四川师范大学 | Facial mask analysis and detection method |
| CN112856837A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-28 | 中南大学 | Spectrum selective light absorption structure for solar water gasification |
| CN113582273A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Evaporator for seawater desalination and sewage purification, water purification method and solar evaporation water purification device |
| CN115558473A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2023-01-03 | 武汉纺织大学 | Zone-limited water type high-efficiency photo-thermal evaporation material and device |
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