CN109877713B - Post-treatment method for coated cutter and micro-lubrication processing method after post-treatment method - Google Patents
Post-treatment method for coated cutter and micro-lubrication processing method after post-treatment method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A post-treatment method of a coated cutter and a micro-lubrication processing method after the post-treatment method relate to the field of material surface processing, and the post-treatment method comprises the following steps: fixing the coated cutter on post-processing equipment for passivation, selecting 160-; the micro-lubricating processing method after the post-processing method comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that an external nozzle of an oil-water composite spraying device is installed and fixed on a machine tool, the external nozzle is spaced from a workpiece to be processed, the water amount in equipment is set to be 0.1-10L/h, the oil amount is 0.5-2L/h, the pressure of compressed air is 0.01-8MPa, the flow is 0.1-200kg/h, and a proper coating post-treatment process is adopted, so that the surface of a coated cutter is smooth, large particles are removed, meanwhile, post-treatment sand blasting is a good surface strengthening process, and pressure stress is generated on the surface of a coating through bombardment, so that the binding force between the coating of the cutter and a base body, and the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material surface processing, in particular to a post-processing method of a coated cutter and a micro-lubricating processing method after the post-processing method.
Background
The application of a hard coating on the surface of a cutting tool by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) or Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) is an effective and economical way to improve the surface properties of materials. Hard coatings, as an important branch of mechanically functional films, are used in a wide range of mechanical machining tools, and are particularly predominant in metal cutting. The hard coating can improve the surface performance of the material, reduce the friction and the abrasion with a workpiece, effectively improve the surface hardness, the toughness, the wear resistance and the high-temperature stability of the material, and greatly prolong the service life of a coating product.
Compared with the common non-coating cutter, the coating cutter greatly prolongs the service life of the cutter and improves the production cost due to the superior thermal stability, surface hardness, chemical stability and wear resistance, so the coating cutter is widely applied to the processing of materials which are difficult to process, such as titanium alloy, stainless steel, cast iron and the like. However, in the high-speed and high-efficiency machining process, the protection capability provided by the cutter coating to the cutter is difficult to exert the advantages of the cutter coating to the maximum extent. Therefore, the coated cutting tool is matched with a good and proper cooling mode, and becomes an effective strategy for high-speed and high-efficiency machining at present. The minimal quantity lubrication technology is a representative technology which is most widely applied in the current green cooling mode due to good permeability, cooling and lubricating performance and environmental and operating worker friendliness, and gradually becomes a substitute of the traditional cutting fluid. Therefore, in the actual production, the coating cutter is matched with the minimal quantity lubrication technology to be used as a high-speed and high-efficiency processing mode, which becomes a better choice for reducing the production cost and improving the production efficiency and the product quality of enterprises. However, due to the lack of effective control over the quality of the coated surface of the tool, it is difficult to achieve more satisfactory production benefits as the coolant spray is difficult to stabilize on the coating-chip surface during use of the coated tool in conjunction with minimal lubrication. The coated cutting tool without post-treatment has overlarge surface liquid drop, overlarge friction contact with materials during cutting and processing and overhigh temperature. And the surface of the coated cutter which is processed excessively is too smooth, and the mist lubricating liquid generated by a trace lubricating mode cannot exert excellent permeability. Therefore, a method for improving the cutting performance of the coated cutting tool in the minimal quantity lubrication cooling mode is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to avoid the defects in the prior art and provides a post-treatment method of a coated cutter, which enables the surface of the coated cutter to be smooth and large particles to be removed.
The invention also aims to avoid the defects in the prior art and provide a micro-lubricating processing method after the post-processing method of the coated cutter, which improves the permeability of micro-lubrication, further reduces the friction between the front cutter surface and the material in the cutting contact process and achieves good lubricating and cooling effects.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the method for post-treating the coated cutter is suitable for the coated cutter with micro-lubricating cooling, and comprises the following steps:
s1: inspecting the coated cutting tool: the surface of the coated cutter is ensured to be complete, no pits or adhesive are generated, and the defects of tipping, burrs and grinding burn cannot be caused;
s2: post-treatment of the coated cutter: and fixing the coated cutter on post-processing equipment for passivation, selecting 160-.
In step S1, if the situation of edge chipping, pitting and grinding burn occurs, the tool needs to be replaced, and if the phenomena of adhesion and burr occur, the tool is cleaned again to remove the surface adhesion and burr.
Wherein, in step S2, 400-800# walnut sand is selected as the abrasive, the rotating speed is 30-50r/min, and the passivation time is 10-12 min.
Preferably, in step S2, 400# walnut sand is selected as the abrasive, the rotation speed is 50r/min, and the passivation time is 10 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the coating post-treatment process is suitable, the surface of the coated cutter is smooth through the post-treatment processes of walnut sand, diamond sand and the like, large particles are removed, meanwhile, post-treatment sand blasting is a good surface strengthening process, and the bonding force, the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the cutter coating and a base body are improved through generating compressive stress on the surface of the coating through bombardment.
The other purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
providing a minimal quantity lubrication machining method after the post-treatment method of the coated cutter, comprising the following steps:
1) an external nozzle for fixing the oil-water composite spraying device is arranged on a machine tool, the external nozzle is spaced from a workpiece to be processed, the water quantity in the equipment is set to be 0.1-10L/h, the oil quantity is set to be 0.5-2L/h, the pressure of compressed air is 0.01-8MPa, and the flow is 0.1-200 kg/h.
2) The oil and water are mixed and transported by compressed air and sprayed to the cutting area.
3) And fixing the coated cutter on a machine tool, setting the rotating speed, the feeding speed, the cutting depth and the cutting width of the machine tool, and then cutting.
Wherein, in the step 1), the water used is natural water or deionized water.
Wherein, in the step 1), the used oil is cutting special lubricating oil or vegetable oil.
Wherein, in the step 2), the rotating speed is 2000-6000r/min, the feeding speed is 0.02-0.1mm/z, the cutting depth is 1-5mm, and the cutting width is 0.1-0.3 mm.
Preferably, in the step 2), the rotating speed is 4000r/min, the feeding speed is 0.06mm/z, the cutting depth is 3mm, and the cutting width is 0.2 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: after the micro-lubricating processing method is matched, the friction force between the cutter and the material is effectively reduced on the smooth surface of the cutter coating, the improvement of friction heat is avoided, meanwhile, the lubricating liquid enters a cutting area in a mist form, and the surface of the coating after proper post-processing can form a capillary area, so that the permeability of micro-lubricating is improved, the friction between the front cutter surface and the material in the cutting contact process is further reduced, and a good lubricating and cooling effect is achieved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by means of the attached drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the invention, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived on the basis of the following drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a cut test wear curve for a TiSiVN coated cutting tool of various post treatments in example one; FIG. 2 is a cut test wear curve of a TiAlSiN coated tool of different post treatments in example two.
Detailed Description
The following description will further explain embodiments of the present invention by referring to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1:
a post-treatment method of a coated cutter is suitable for a micro-lubricating and cooling coated cutter, and comprises the following steps:
s1, detection of the coated cutter: the used coating cutter is a TiSiVN coating cutter which is complete, has no pits, no adhesive, no defects of tipping, burrs, grinding burns and the like;
s2 post-treatment of the coated cutter: fixing the TiSiVN coated cutter on post-processing equipment, wherein 400# walnut sand is selected as an abrasive, the rotating speed is 50r/min, and the passivation time is 10 min;
and (2) carrying out micro-lubrication cooling on the post-treated TiSiVN coated cutter, and then cutting the stainless steel, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
1) an external nozzle of the oil-water composite spraying device is fixedly arranged on the machine tool, and an interval is formed between the external nozzle and a workpiece to be processed; setting the water quantity of ionized water in the equipment to be 1L/h, the oil quantity of the special cutting lubricating oil to be 0.5L/h, the pressure of compressed air to be 5MPa and the flow to be 20kg/h, mixing a trace amount of lubricating oil and a small amount of water, transmitting the mixture through the compressed air and spraying the mixture to a cutting area.
2) The cutter is fixed on a machine tool, the rotating speed of the machine tool is 4000r/min, the feeding rate is 0.06mm/z, the cutting depth is 3mm, and the cutting width is 0.2mm after the machine tool is set for 316L stainless steel, and then cutting is carried out.
The cutting contrast effect is as shown in figure 1, and the TiSiVN coating cutter after being subjected to walnut sand post-treatment has the slightest abrasion and the highest abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance.
Example 2:
a post-treatment method of a coated cutter is suitable for a micro-lubricating and cooling coated cutter, and comprises the following steps:
s1 detection of the coated cutter: the used coated cutter is a TiAlSiN coated cutter which is complete, has no pits, no adhesive, no defects of tipping, burrs, grinding burn and the like;
s2 post-treatment of the coated cutter: fixing the coated cutter on post-processing equipment, wherein the grinding material is 600# walnut sand, the rotating speed is 80r/min, and the passivation time is 15 min;
the post-treated TiAlSiN coated cutter is subjected to micro-lubricating processing, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) an external nozzle of the oil-water composite spraying device is fixedly arranged on the machine tool, and an interval is formed between the external nozzle and a workpiece to be processed; setting the water amount of natural water in the equipment to be 0.5L/h, the oil amount of vegetable oil to be 200mL/h, the pressure of compressed air to be 5MPa and the flow rate to be 50kg/h, mixing a small amount of lubricating oil and a small amount of water, transmitting the mixture through the compressed air, and spraying the mixture to a cutting area.
2) The TiAlSiN coated cutter is fixed on a machine tool, the rotating speed of the machine tool is set to be 6000r/min for 316L stainless steel, the feeding speed is 0.08mm/z, the cutting depth is 2mm, and the cutting width is 0.15mm, and then cutting is carried out.
The cutting contrast effect is shown in fig. 2, the wear of the TiAlSiN coated cutter subjected to walnut sand post-treatment is the slightest, and the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance are also the highest.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A post-treatment method of a coated cutter is suitable for a micro-lubricating and cooling coated cutter, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: inspecting the coated cutting tool: the surface of the coated cutter is ensured to be complete, no pits or adhesive are generated, and the defects of tipping, burrs and grinding burn cannot be caused;
s2: post-treatment of the coated cutter: fixing the coated cutter on post-processing equipment for passivation, selecting 160-;
in step S1, if the situation of edge breaking, pit and grinding burn occurs, the cutter needs to be replaced, and if the phenomena of adhesion and burr occur, the cutter is cleaned again to remove the surface adhesion and burr;
in step S2, 400-800# walnut sand is selected as the abrasive, the rotating speed is 30-50r/min, and the passivation time is 10-12 min;
the minimal quantity lubrication processing method after the coating cutter post-processing method comprises the following steps:
1) an external nozzle for fixing an oil-water composite spraying device is arranged on a machine tool, the external nozzle has an interval with a workpiece to be processed, the water quantity in the equipment is set to be 0.1L/h-10L/h, the oil quantity is set to be 0.5mL/h-2L/h, the pressure of compressed air is 0.01-8MPa, and the flow is 0.1-200 kg/h;
2) mixing oil and water, conveying the mixture through compressed air, and spraying the mixture to a cutting area;
3) fixing the coated cutter on a machine tool, setting the rotating speed, the feeding speed, the cutting depth and the cutting width of the machine tool, and then cutting;
in the step 3), the rotating speed is 2000-6000r/min, the feeding speed is 0.02-0.1mm/z, the cutting depth is 1-5mm, and the cutting width is 0.1-0.3 mm;
in step S2, 400# walnut sand is selected as the abrasive, the rotating speed is 50r/min, and the passivation time is 10 min;
in the step 1), the used oil is cutting special lubricating oil or vegetable oil;
in the step 3), the rotating speed is 4000r/min, the feeding speed is 0.06mm/z, the cutting depth is 3mm, and the cutting width is 0.2 mm;
the coated cutter is a TiAlSiN coated cutter.
2. A method of post-treatment of a coated cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 1), the water used is natural water or deionized water.
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