CN109876925A - Flue gas waste heat utilization and intelligent electric field intensity adjusting system thereof - Google Patents
Flue gas waste heat utilization and intelligent electric field intensity adjusting system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109876925A CN109876925A CN201810334143.4A CN201810334143A CN109876925A CN 109876925 A CN109876925 A CN 109876925A CN 201810334143 A CN201810334143 A CN 201810334143A CN 109876925 A CN109876925 A CN 109876925A
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Abstract
The invention provides a flue gas waste heat utilization system which comprises a heat pipe, a flue gas pipeline and an air channel, wherein a PM10 dust detector is arranged at an inlet of an electrostatic dust removal section and used for detecting PM10 concentration N1 at the inlet position, the PM10 dust detector is in data connection with a controller, and a control function is arranged in the controller, wherein the control function E is F (N1), E is the strength of an electric field, N1 is PM10 concentration data, F '(N1) >0, F' (N1) >0, and F '(N1) and F' (N1) are the first derivative and the second derivative of F (N1). The invention can realize the function of intelligently purifying the smoke according to the concentration of the particulate matters, saves the electric energy, improves the utilization of waste heat and purifies the air.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the recycling of heat pipe waste heat and flue gas ash removal and organic matter to remove field, more particularly to a kind of utilization
Heat pipe Mist heat recovering system.
Background technique
Hot pipe technique is George Ge Luofo of U.S. Los Alamos (Los Alamos) National Laboratory in 1963
One kind of (George Grover) invention is known as the heat transfer element of " heat pipe ", it takes full advantage of heat-conduction principle and phase transformation is situated between
The heat of thermal objects is transmitted to outside heat source rapidly by the quick thermal transport property of matter through heat pipe, and the capacity of heat transmission is more than to appoint
The capacity of heat transmission of what known metal.Compared to shell-and-tube heat exchanger the most commonly used in the recycling of coal-fired flue-gas waste heat, heat pipe heat exchanging
Device has many advantages, such as that heat transfer efficiency is high, compact-sized, the pressure loss is small, is conducive to control dew point corrosion, in coal-fired flue-gas waste heat
Potentiality are had more in recycling.
In addition, coal-burning power plant is one of main source of various pollutants, such as cause " haze " phenomenon dust particles and
And organic pollutant, they, which have human health and ecological environment, seriously endangers.In order to remove in coal-fired plant flue gas
Particulate matter, a variety of dust removal methods of developmental research at present, wherein electrostatic precipitation technology is because function admirable is rapidly developed, still
It is poor less than 10 μm of particle effect of settling for partial size.As country further increases atmosphere pollutants emission standards,
Need to improve the removal effect of particle of the former electric precipitation especially to partial size less than 10 μm.
Electrostatic precipitation+wet static dedusting technology is to realize the important technology route of minimum discharge standard, but wet type is electric
Dedusting operation and cost of investment are high.Another technology path for realizing minimum discharge is the optimization efficient cooperation-removal of wet desulphurization device
Particulate matter, this technology need to meet front end electrostatic precipitator outlet dust concentration≤20mg/m3Even≤10mg/m3, just electric at present
Electrostatic precipitator operating condition is difficult to meet in factory.In addition, coal-burning power plant's discharge can also generate certain density organic pollutant,
Such as alicyclic, straight-chain hydrocarbons, benzene homologues and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, although discharge amount is few, toxicity is very big, to organic contamination in flue gas
The removing of object is the important research field of Environmental security.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is improved on the basis of invention in front, a kind of new intelligence is provided
Fume afterheat makes full use of heat source using heat pipe and its flue gas pollutant processing system and its method, reduces energy consumption, improves smoke evacuation
Effect.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is improved on the basis of invention in front, a kind of new heat pipe knot is provided
Structure, while problem is removed for above-mentioned dedusting and organic matter, propose a kind of plasma/ultrasound based on electrostatic precipitator
Coupling and catalyzing multi-pollutant removing method and device, improves original electrostatic precipitator.
To achieve the goals above, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of heat pipe being arranged in flue, including vertical portion, horizontal component and vertical pipe, wherein vertical portion
Bottom end be connected to horizontal component, the horizontal component from the bottom end of vertical portion away from vertical portion direction extend, institute
It states horizontal component lower part and is connected to multiple vertical pipes, wherein vertical pipe is the evaporation ends of heat pipe, and vertical portion is the condensation end of heat pipe,
The vertical pipe and horizontal component are arranged in flue.
Preferably, the horizontal component is flat tube structure, vertical pipe is circular tube structure, and horizontal component is rectangular knot
Structure；The vertical pipe is multiple rows of, wherein adjacent two rows are to be staggered in arrangement；The center of circle of vertical pipe and two closed on of adjacent row
The vertical pipe center of circle constitutes isosceles triangle, and the center of circle of the vertical pipe is located at the position of the point of isosceles triangle apex angle.
Preferably, described device is arranged in heat pipe institute the system also includes the removing means of coal-fired flue-gas pollutant
In the downstream of flue, described device includes electrostatic precipitation section, electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section and plasma/ultrasonic coupling catalysis
Field dedusting section, wherein dust collecting pole plate is arranged inside electrostatic precipitation section and generates electrostatic field in front for the setting of electrostatic precipitation section, quiet
Electricity/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section is arranged in behind electrostatic precipitation section, be provided in electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section dust collecting pole plate and
End occurs for ultrasonic wave, and generates electrostatic field in inside, and ultrasonic wave occurs end and connect with external supersonic generator；Plasma/
Ultrasonic coupling is catalyzed field dedusting section and is arranged behind electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section, and plasma/ultrasonic coupling is catalyzed field dedusting section
End occurs for interior setting plasma reactor and ultrasonic wave, and ultrasonic wave occurs end and connect with external supersonic generator；
PM10 dust detector is arranged in electrostatic precipitation section entrance, for detecting PM10 concentration N1, the PM10 powder of entry position
Dirt detector is connect with controller data, in the controller one control function of setting, the control function E=F (N1), wherein
E is the intensity of electric field, and N1 is PM10 concentration data, wherein F ' (N1) > 0, F " (N1) > 0, and wherein F ' (N1), F " (N1) are F (N1)
First order derivative and second derivative.
Preferably, the controller, which can be realized, automatically adjusts power plant's intensity, controlling party according to particle concentration
Formula is as follows:
Assuming that when electric field strength E, PM10 concentration N1 indicates the filter effect met certain condition, above-mentioned electric field
Intensity E, PM10 concentration N1 is benchmark data, and the reference data storage is in the controller；
When PM10 concentration becomes n1, electric field strength E variation is as follows:
E=E* (n1/N1)a, wherein a is parameter, 1.09 < a < 1.13；Preferably, a=1.10；
0.85<n1/N1<1.15。
Preferably, the electrostatic precipitation section is two-stage, it is the first order and the second level respectively；Electrostatic/the ultrasonic coupling
Dedusting section is two-stage, is the third level and the fourth stage respectively, it is level V that plasma/ultrasonic coupling catalysis field dedusting section, which is level-one,.
Preferably, the outer diameter of vertical pipe is d, the distance between adjacent vertical pipe center of circle of same row is L, vertical pipe
The center of circle and adjacent row two closed on the vertical pipe center of circle constitute isosceles triangle apex angle be A, then meet claimed below:
Sin (A)=a-b*Ln (d/L), wherein Ln is logarithmic function, and a, b are parameters, meets following require:
0.095<a<0.105,0.29<b<0.31；0.1<d/L<0.7.
Preferably, the horizontal component is flat tube structure, vertical pipe is circular tube structure, and horizontal component is rectangular knot
Structure；The vertical pipe is multiple rows of, wherein adjacent two rows are to be staggered in arrangement；The center of circle of vertical pipe and two closed on of adjacent row
The vertical pipe center of circle constitutes isosceles triangle, and the center of circle of the vertical pipe is located at the position of the point of isosceles triangle apex angle.
Preferably, the electrostatic precipitation section is two-stage, it is the first order and the second level respectively；Electrostatic/the ultrasonic coupling
Dedusting section is two-stage, is the third level and the fourth stage respectively, it is level V that plasma/ultrasonic coupling catalysis field dedusting section, which is level-one,.
Preferably, plasma reactor uses line-plank frame, including ground connection pole plate, ceramic wafer, corona discharge electrode and height
AC power source, earthing pole plate earthing are pressed, ceramic wafer is covered on formation line plate on pole plate, and ceramic wafer forms and is situated between as block media
Matter barrier discharge, while supported catalyst, as catalyst carrier；The opposite ceramics of two blocks of line plates are arranged in the corona discharge electrode
Between plate.
Preferably, the dust collecting pole plate is parallel to each other；Several corona discharge electrodes are evenly arranged between dust collecting pole plate；Dust collecting pole plate
Surface is equipped with deashing device.
Preferably, the spacing between the opposite face of opposite ceramic wafer is no more than 5cm.
Preferably, residual heat using device is arranged in electrostatic precipitation section front, the residual heat using device is to be formerly mentioned
Heat pipe, described vertical portion at least part setting is in the air passageway.
Preferably, described three, level Four electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling field, the foundation of electrostatic field are identical as I and II；In device
Ultrasonic wave is set, end occurs, ultrasonic wave occurs end and connect with supersonic generator, establishes ultrasonic field.
Preferably, the final stage plasma/ultrasonic coupling is catalyzed field, using line-plate type plasma reactor structure,
Plasma is generated using dielectric barrier discharge mode.Several electrode plates of plasma reactor parallel arrangement, intermediate uniform cloth
Several corona wires are set, electrode surface attaches ceramic wafer as block media and catalyst carrier.The foundation of ultrasonic field and preceding two-stage
It is identical.
It is a kind of using mentioned-above device carry out coal-fired flue-gas pollutant removal methods, which is characterized in that including with
Lower step:
1) coal-fired flue-gas enters electrostatic precipitation section, and the particulate matter in flue gas is adsorbed in the electrostatic field of electrostatic precipitation section
Dust collecting pole plate falls into the ash bucket of lower section by deashing device, is taken away by ash conveying device, and electrostatic precipitation section removes the particle in flue gas
The particulate matter of object, especially PM10 or more:
2) flue gas enters electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section from electrostatic precipitation section, and by electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling field, particle exists
Fierce mechanical oscillation are done in ultrasonic field, the kinetic energy of particle increases, and the chance of particle encounter also increases, the cohesive force between particle
Usually make two particles agglomerated together after an impact, so that little particle is become bulky grain, Yi Beijing by being continually colliding coalescence
Electro Sorb removing, can effectively remove the particulate matter below of PM2.5 in flue gas；
3) flue gas enters plasma/ultrasonic coupling catalysis field dedusting section from electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section, is hindered by medium
Gear electric discharge generates a large amount of plasma, including high energy particle and active material in plasma reactor；High energy particle and
Complicated physical-chemical reaction, degradation of organic substances occur for the organic pollutant in active material and flue gas；The load of medium baffle is urged
Agent plays catalytic action to the removing of organic matter；The high frequency peptizaiton of ultrasonic wave promotes organic matter and active material and catalysis
The reaction of agent enhances removal effect.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that:
1) function according to particle concentration Intelligent purifying flue gas may be implemented in the present invention, has saved electric energy, improves waste heat
It utilizes, purifies air.
2) present invention is transformed original electrostatic precipitator, by being divided into three different sections, each Duan Douyou needle
The different pollutant of removing to property, can not only realize well the removing of large particle in flue gas, and pass through ultrasonic wave
To the coalescence agglomeration of particle, fine particle can be effectively removed, solves former electrostatic precipitator to PM10 and PM2.5 removing effect
The undesirable drawback of fruit.With plasma technique to the degradation of organic pollutant, disperse effect in conjunction with the high frequency of ultrasonic wave
It answers, the organic pollutant in efficient degradation flue gas.The present invention is realizing coal-fired flue-gas high-effective dust-removing while realizing the de- of organic matter
It removes.
3) present invention improves the structure of the evaporation ends of the heat pipe in UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, and the evaporation ends of heat pipe are extended
To farther direction, in the case where not changing the condensation end volume of heat pipe, so that the endotherm area of the evaporation ends of heat pipe increases,
The heat absorption range that heat pipe can be expanded in this way, can be absorbed the heat of heat source distalmost end.Heat pipe in compared with the existing technology steams
Originator and condensation end are consistent size.The volume and occupied area for reducing heat exchanger simultaneously, so that compact-sized.
4) research of a large amount of numerical simulation and experiment has been carried out, distributed architecture of the opposite heat tube in UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN carries out
Optimal structure, and the best relative formula that heat pipe is distributed is obtained by research, the distribution of heat pipe is further increased, reaches best
Heat absorption, reduce cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that fume afterheat of the present invention utilizes structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is flue gas processing device structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the plasma reactor structural schematic diagram in flue gas processing device.
Fig. 4 is heat pipe structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is schematic diagram of the Fig. 4 from bottom.
Fig. 6 is the heat pipe partial structural diagram of present invention setting communicating pipe.
Fig. 7 is that heat pipe structure schematic diagram is arranged in flue in the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the partial enlargement mark schematic diagram of Fig. 5.
In figure: 1- shell, 2- dust collecting pole plate, 3- supersonic generator, 4- are grounded pole plate, 5- air-introduced machine, 6- ash bucket, 7- pottery
Porcelain plate, 8- corona discharge electrode, 9- high voltage power supply, 10- heat pipe, 11- blower, 12- temperature sensor, 13- flow sensor, the center 14-
Controller, 101- vertical portion, 102- horizontal component, 103- vertical pipe, 104- pipeline, 105- air duct, 106- fume pipe
Road, 107- communicating pipe
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Herein, if without specified otherwise, it is related to formula, "/" indicates that division, "×", " * " indicate multiplication.
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of smoke waste heat utilization system, including heat pipe 10, flue 106 and air duct 105, institute
The evaporation ends for stating heat pipe 10 are arranged in flue 106, and condensation end is arranged in air duct 105, the air duct 105
Blower 11 is arranged in inlet tube, by the frequency variation of blower for controlling the air mass flow entered in air duct 105.The cigarette
Temperature sensor 12 and flow sensor 13 is arranged in feed channel, for measuring the temperature and flow of flue gas, the system comprises in
Entreat controller 14, the central controller 14 and 13 data connection of blower 11, temperature sensor 12 and flow sensor, center control
Device 14 processed is according to the data of the flue-gas temperature T and flow V of detection come the frequency of adjust automatically blower.
The present invention provides a kind of afterheat utilizing systems of Novel structure, can be according to flue-gas temperature and flow comprehensively control
The frequency of blower changes and rely solely on the defect that temperature or speed carry out air mass flow over, so that control is more accurate, it is real
The intelligence of existing system, improves UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN.
Preferably, central controller according to the size of V* (T-t) come the frequency of adjust automatically blower, wherein t is air
The air themperature of feeder connection perhaps environment temperature or the air themperature and air channel outlet temperature of air channel inlet
Weighted average.Further preferably, select the weighting of the air themperature and air channel outlet temperature of air channel inlet flat
Mean value.By such, it is ensured that the accuracy of the power of fan of air.
Preferably, if the V* (T-t) of detection increases, central controller increases the frequency of blower automatically, if detection
V* (T-t) reduce, central controller reduces the frequency of blower automatically.By such intelligent control, the sky of input is enabled to
Gas is suitable with the thermal discharge of flue gas, and avoiding output, air temperature is too high or too low.
Preferably, if selection environment temperature, t is 20 degrees Celsius.
For the structure of heat pipe preferably as shown in Fig. 4,7, the heat pipe includes vertical portion 101, horizontal component 102 and vertical pipe
103, wherein vertical portion 101 bottom end be connected to horizontal component 102, the horizontal component 102 from the bottom end of vertical portion 101 to
The direction far from vertical portion 101 extend, 102 lower part of horizontal component is connected to multiple vertical pipes 103, wherein vertical pipe
103 be the evaporation ends of heat pipe, and vertical portion 101 is the condensation end of heat pipe.Described vertical portion at least part is arranged in sky
In gas channel, the vertical pipe and horizontal component are arranged in flue 106
Heat pipe of the present invention absorbs heat in operation, by vertical pipe 103 from flue gas, then the stream in vertical pipe 103
Body is evaporated, and enters vertical portion by horizontal component, then rejects heat to air in vertical portion, fluid carries out
Condensation, enters back into vertical pipe 103 by the effect of gravity.
The structure of the evaporation ends by the way that heat pipe is arranged of opposite heat tube of the present invention is improved, and the evaporation ends of heat pipe are extended
To farther direction, in the case where not changing the condensation end volume of heat pipe, so that the endotherm area of the evaporation ends of heat pipe increases,
The heat absorption range that heat pipe can be expanded in this way, can be absorbed the heat of heat source distalmost end.Heat pipe in compared with the existing technology steams
Originator and condensation end are consistent size, can be improved 45% or more heat exchange efficiency.The volume of condensation end is reduced simultaneously and is accounted for
Ground area, so that compact-sized.
In addition, evaporation ends of the present invention by the multiple vertical pipes 103 of setting as heat pipe, so that each vertical pipe 103 is made
The absorption of heat is added for independent absorbing pipe one by one, also increases the endotherm area of integral heat pipe evaporation ends.
Preferably, the horizontal component 102 is flat tube structure, vertical pipe 103 is circular tube structure.It is horizontal by setting
Part is flat tube structure, can increase the distribution of vertical pipe 103, further increase the absorption of heat.
Further preferably, horizontal component 102 is square structure.
Preferably, as shown in figure 5, the vertical pipe 103 is multiple rows of, wherein adjacent two rows are to be staggered in arrangement.Pass through
It is staggered in arrangement, can be further improved the caloric receptivity of heat pipe.
Preferably, vertical pipe 103 is located at the extension of the middle line of the center of circle connecting line segment of the adjacent upright pipe 103 of adjacent row
On line.I.e. two closed on vertical pipe, 103 center of circle in the center of circle of vertical pipe 103 and adjacent row constitutes isosceles triangle, described perpendicular
The center of circle of straight tube is located at the position of the point of isosceles triangle apex angle.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, communicating pipe 107 is arranged between at least two adjacent vertical pipes 103.Under study for action
It was found that during vertical section heat absorption, it may appear that the absorption heat of the absorbing pipe of different location is different, leads to vertical pipe 103
Between pressure or temperature it is different, will lead to straightened portion pipe 103 in this way and be heated excessively high, cause the lost of life, once one
Vertical pipe 103 goes wrong, and may cause the problem of entire heat pipe is not available.The present invention, which passes through, largely to be studied,
Communicating pipe 107 is arranged in adjacent vertical pipe, can make in the case where vertical pipe is heated different to cause pressure different
Fluid in the big vertical pipe 103 of pressure quickly flows to the small vertical pipe 103 of pressure, to keep integral pressure balanced, keeps away
Exempt from hot-spot or supercooling.
Preferably, multiple companies are arranged between adjacent vertical pipe 103 from 103 lower part of vertical pipe to 103 top of vertical pipe
Siphunculus 107.By the way that multiple communicating pipes are arranged, fluid continuous counterpressure in heat absorption evaporation process is enabled to, is guaranteed whole
Pressure in a vertical pipe is balanced.
Preferably, constantly subtracting the distance between adjacent communicating pipe 107 from 103 lower part of vertical pipe to 103 top of vertical pipe
It is small.This purpose is in order to which more communicating pipes are arranged, because of flowing up with fluid, fluid is constantly heated, with stream
Body is constantly heated, heated more and more uneven in different thermal-collecting tubes, therefore by above-mentioned setting, can guarantee in fluid stream
Reach pressure equilibrium during dynamic as soon as possible.
Preferably, constantly reducing the distance between adjacent communicating pipe from 103 lower part of vertical pipe to 103 top of vertical pipe
Amplitude it is increasing.It is found through experiments that, above-mentioned setting, can guarantee more excellent in process fluid flow to reach pressure faster
Power is balanced.This is also the optimal mode of communicating got and largely studying pressure changes in distribution rule.
Preferably, from 103 lower part of vertical pipe to 103 top of vertical pipe, the diameter of communicating pipe 107 is continuously increased.This mesh
Be to be arranged and guarantee bigger connection area, because of flowing up with fluid, fluid is constantly heated, with fluid
It is continuous heated, it is heated more and more uneven in different thermal-collecting tubes, therefore by above-mentioned setting, it can guarantee to flow in fluid
Reach pressure equilibrium as soon as possible in the process.
Preferably, from 103 lower part of vertical pipe to 103 top of vertical pipe, the ever-increasing amplitude of the diameter of communicating pipe 107
It is increasing.It is found through experiments that, above-mentioned setting, can guarantee that more excellent in process fluid flow to reach pressure equal faster
Weighing apparatus.This is also the optimal mode of communicating got and largely studying pressure changes in distribution rule.
By numerical simulation and experiment discovery, the distance between vertical pipe 103, distance and adjacent row including same row it
Between distance cannot be too small, it is too small to will lead to that heat pipe distribution is excessive, cause the caloric receptivity of every heat pipe insufficient, it is excessive to will lead to heat
Pipe distribution is very little, causes heat pipe to overheat, therefore the application sums up by a large amount of numerical simulation and experiment and carrys out heat pipe vertical pipe
The distribution of the optimization of 103 distributions, the deficiency so that heat pipe can neither recept the caloric, and it is excessive to recept the caloric.
As shown in figure 8, the outer diameter of vertical pipe 103 is d, the distance between adjacent 103 center of circle of vertical pipe of same row is
The apex angle that L, the center of circle of vertical pipe 103 and two closed on vertical pipe, 103 center of circle of adjacent row constitute isosceles triangle is A, then
Meet claimed below:
Sin (A)=a-b*Ln (d/L), wherein Ln is logarithmic function, and a, b are parameters, meets following require:
0.095<a<0.105,0.29<b<0.31；
Further preferably, the a=0.1016, b=0.3043.
Preferably, gradually becoming smaller with d/L, a is increasing, and b is increasing.
Preferably, 15 ° < A < 80 °.
Further preferably, 20 ° < A < 40 °.
0.1 < d/L < 0.7, further preferably, 0.2 < d/L < 0.5.
Above-mentioned empirical equation is obtained by a large amount of numerical simulations and experiment, the structure obtained by above-mentioned relation formula, energy
It is enough to realize the heat pipe structure optimized, and pass through verification experimental verification, error is substantially within 3%.
The heat absorption capacity 900-1100W of heat pipe, further preferably 1000W；
90-110 degrees Celsius of the temperature of flue gas, further preferably 100 DEG C.
Heat pipe horizontal component shown in Fig. 4 is preferably square, side length be 400-600 millimeters, further preferably 500
Millimeter.
103 outside diameter d of vertical pipe is 9-12 millimeters, further preferably 11mm.
Preferably, as shown in figure 5, including two heat pipes, the horizontal component 102 of described two heat pipes in the system
It is respectively facing opposite direction and extends by two symmetrical heat pipes of setting, can absorb heat in different directions, meet heat exchange
Demand.
Preferably, the present invention includes the removing means of coal-fired flue-gas pollutant, including electrostatic precipitation section, electrostatic/ultrasound
It couples dedusting section and plasma/ultrasonic coupling is catalyzed field dedusting section, wherein the setting of electrostatic precipitation section is gathered dust in front, the inside setting
Pole plate 2 simultaneously generates electrostatic field in electrostatic precipitation section, and ash bucket 6 is arranged in lower section, and electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section is arranged in electrostatic precipitation
Behind section, electrostatic field is generated in inside, dust collecting pole plate is provided in electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section and end occurs for ultrasonic wave,
Ultrasonic wave occurs end and connect with external supersonic generator 3；The catalysis field dedusting section setting of plasma/ultrasonic coupling electrostatic/
Behind ultrasonic coupling dedusting section, setting plasma reactor and ultrasonic wave hair in plasma/ultrasonic coupling catalysis field dedusting section
It causes trouble, ultrasonic wave occurs end and connect with external supersonic generator.
The removing means of the coal-fired flue-gas pollutant can be individually configured, carry out it is separately protected, can also with it is preceding
The residual heat using device in face is arranged together.
The present invention is transformed original electrostatic precipitator, and by being divided into three different sections, each section is directed to
Property the different pollutant of removing, can not only realize the removing of large particle in flue gas well, and pass through ultrasonic wave pair
The coalescence agglomeration of particle can effectively remove fine particle, solve former electrostatic precipitator to PM10 and PM2.5 removal effect
Undesirable drawback.With plasma technique to the degradation of organic pollutant, in conjunction with the high frequency dispersion effect of ultrasonic wave,
Organic pollutant in efficient degradation flue gas.The present invention is in the removing for realizing that coal-fired flue-gas high-effective dust-removing realizes organic matter simultaneously.
The present invention passes through the reasonable collocation of these three stage sequencings, avoids influence of the particle to dust removing effects,
So that dust removing effects reach best.On the contrary, finding through a large number of experiments, if by the sequence of three phases not according to the application
It is arranged, then the effect of pollutant discharge is significantly bad.
Preferably, electrostatic precipitation section, electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section are set using wide polar distance, routine more of high voltage
Meter mode, with pole span 300mm-400mm, working voltage is no more than 80kV；Preferably, the electrostatic precipitation section is two-stage, point
It is not the first order and the second level., can be more efficiently by bulky grain by the way that two-stage dedusting is arranged, such as PM10 or more is gone
It removes.
Preferably, the electrostatic precipitation section first order is different with the electric field strength of the second level.Further preferably, the second level
Electric field strength be less than the first order electric field strength.It is primarily due to the dedusting by the first order, the bulky grain contained in flue gas
Decline, therefore by reducing electric field strength, it can to achieve the effect that using the less energy essentially identical.
Preferably, every grade of multiple dust collecting pole plates 2 of setting, the dust collecting pole plate 2 are parallel to each other；Between dust collecting pole plate uniformly
Arrange several corona discharge electrodes；Dust collecting pole plate surface is equipped with deashing device, removes the dust of polar board surface, falls within the ash below shell
Bucket, is taken away by ash conveying device.
Preferably, the corona discharge electrode is connected with high voltage power supply, electric field is established between dust collecting pole plate 2.
The high pressure of the high voltage power supply is no more than 80kV (unit).
Preferably, PM10 dust detector is arranged in electrostatic precipitation section entrance, for detecting the PM10 concentration of entry position
N1, PM10 dust detector are connect with controller data, and the controller 14 automatically controls electric field according to the PM10 concentration of detection
Intensity.
One control function can be set in controller 14, and controller is big according to control function adjust automatically electric field
It is small.The control function E=F (N1), wherein E is the intensity of electric field, and N1 is PM10 concentration data, wherein F ' (N1) > 0, F "
(N1) > 0, wherein F ' (N1), F " (N1) be F (N1) first order derivative and second derivative.Above-mentioned formula shows as PM10 is dense
The increase of degree, electric field strength is increasing, and the amplitude increased is also increasing.The relationship of above-mentioned formula is by a large amount of real
It tests, because the electric field strength needed is increasing as concentration increases, but electric field strength is not and PM10 concentration
The proportional example of increase increase, but increased amplitude is increasing, only in this way, can just better meet the need of fume treatment
It wants.
The controller 14, which can be realized, automatically adjusts power plant's intensity according to particle concentration.Control mode is as follows:
Assuming that when electric field strength E, PM10 concentration N1 indicates the filter effect met certain condition.Above-mentioned electric field strength E,
PM10 concentration N1 is benchmark data.The reference data is stored in controller 14.
When PM10 concentration becomes n1, electric field strength e variation is as follows:
E=E* (n1/N1)a, wherein a is parameter, 1.09 < a < 1.13；Preferably, a=1.10；
0.85<n1/N1<1.15。
By above-mentioned formula, may be implemented to have saved electric energy according to the function of particle concentration Intelligent purifying flue gas.
Preferably, multiple groups reference data can be inputted in controller 14.When appearance two groups or multiple groups reference data
In the case of, the interface of the reference data of user's selection can be provided, it is preferred that system can automatically select (1-n1/N1)2's
It is worth one the smallest.
Controller controls the intensity of electric field by controlling the size to the output power of corona discharge electrode.
By above-mentioned intelligent control, the size of electric field is controlled automatically according to particle concentration, to realize system
Intelligent operation, and may also reach up energy saving requirement, further increase the pollutant removing effect of flue gas.
Preferably, the system also has debugging functions.Preferably, exporting setting PM10 dust in electrostatic precipitation section
Detector, the concentration of the filtered PM10 for detecting the outlet of electrostatic precipitation section.If the filtered PM10 concentration of detection
More than normal concentration to a certain degree when, such as when preferably greater than 5%, controller 14, which automatically controls, at this time increases electric field strength,
When the filtered PM10 concentration of detection is in a certain range of normal concentration, such as the data of preferably greater than normal concentration are small
When 5%, then the concentration for the PM10 that controller 14 automatically detects new electric field strength E, electrostatic precipitation section entrance is as benchmark
Data are stored in controller 14.
Above-mentioned debugging functions can be carried out periodically, can also be carried out automatically in operation.
Preferably, the priority of the new reference data of storage is higher than pervious reference data.
Preferably, pervious reference data is automatically deleted after the upper new reference data of storage.
By the Memory Reference data of intelligence, data further can be adjusted as the case may be, realize tail gas
Intelligent dedusting, it is energy saving.
Preferably, PM10 dust detector, the controller is respectively set in the first order entrance and second level entrance
The first order and second are independently controlled according to the data that the PM10 dust detector of first order entrance and second level entrance detects
Electric field strength in grade.
The electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section is two-stage, is the third level and the fourth stage respectively, plasma/ultrasonic coupling is urged
Changing field dedusting section is level-one, is level V.
Described three, level Four electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section, the foundation of electrostatic field are identical as I and II；Setting is super in device
End occurs for sound wave, and ultrasonic wave occurs end and connect with supersonic generator 3, establishes ultrasonic field.
Preferably, pm2.5 detector is arranged in electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section entrance, for detecting entry position
Concentration N2, the pm2.5 detector of pm2.5 and 14 data connection of controller, the controller is according to the pm2.5 concentration N2's of detection
Data carry out the power of adjust automatically supersonic generator 3.
One control function can be set in controller 14, and controller occurs according to control function adjust automatically ultrasonic wave
The size of the power of device 3.The control function S=F (N2), wherein S is the power of supersonic generator, and N2 is pm2.5 concentration
Data, wherein F ' (N2) > 0, F " (N2) > 0, wherein F ' (N2), F " (N2) are the first order derivatives and second derivative of F (N1).It is above-mentioned
Formula show the increase with pm2.5 concentration, the power of supersonic generator is increasing, and increase amplitude also get over
Come bigger.The relationship of above-mentioned formula is obtained by many experiments, because as concentration increases, the supersonic generator that needs
Power it is increasing, but the power of supersonic generator be not increase with the proportional example of the increase of pm2.5 concentration, but
Increased amplitude is increasing, only in this way, can just better meet the needs of fume treatment.
The controller 14 can be realized the power that supersonic generator is automatically adjusted according to particle concentration.Control
Mode is as follows: assuming that when the power S of supersonic generator, pm2.5 concentration N2 indicates that the filtering met certain condition is imitated
Fruit.Power S, pm2.5 concentration N2 of above-mentioned supersonic generator is benchmark data.The reference data is stored in controller
In 14.
When pm2.5 concentration becomes n2, the power s variation of supersonic generator is as follows:
S=S* (n2/N2)b, wherein b is parameter, 1.10 <b < 1.12；Preferably, b=1.11；
0.85<n1/N2<1.15。
By above-mentioned formula, may be implemented to have saved electric energy according to the function of particle concentration Intelligent purifying flue gas.
Preferably, multiple groups reference data can be inputted in controller 14.When appearance two groups or multiple groups reference data
In the case of, the interface of the reference data of user's selection can be provided, it is preferred that system can automatically select (1-n2/N2)2's
It is worth one the smallest.
By above-mentioned intelligent control, 3 function of supersonic generator is controlled automatically according to particle concentration and air mass flow
The size of rate to realize the intelligent operation of system, and may also reach up energy saving requirement, further increase flue gas
Pollutant removing effect.
Preferably, the system also has debugging functions.Preferably, in electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section setting
PM2.5 dust detector, for detecting the concentration of the filtered PM2.5 in electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section outlet.If detection
Filtered PM2.5 concentration be more than normal concentration to a certain degree when, such as when preferably greater than 5%, at this time controller 14 from
Dynamic control increases electric field strength, when the filtered PM2.5 concentration of detection is in a certain range of normal concentration, such as preferably
More than normal concentration data less than 5% when, then controller 14 is automatically by new electric field strength E, electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section
The concentration of the PM2.5 of entrance detection is stored in controller 14 as reference data.
Above-mentioned debugging functions can be carried out periodically, can also be carried out automatically in operation.
Preferably, the priority of the new reference data of storage is higher than pervious reference data.
Preferably, pervious reference data is automatically deleted after the upper new reference data of storage.
By the Memory Reference data of intelligence, data further can be adjusted as the case may be, realize tail gas
Intelligent dedusting, it is energy saving
Preferably, the third level entrance and fourth stage entrance are respectively set pm2.5 detector, the controller according to
The data of the PM2.5 detector test of third level entrance and fourth stage entrance independently control super in the third level and the fourth stage
The size of sonic generator power.
Preferably, as shown in figure 3, plasma reactor uses line-plank frame, including ground connection pole plate 4, ceramic wafer
7, corona discharge electrode 8 and high-voltage ac power 9, ground connection pole plate 4 are grounded, and ceramic wafer 7 is covered on formation line plate on pole plate 4, and ceramic wafer 7 is made
For block media, dielectric barrier discharge, while supported catalyst are formed, as catalyst carrier；The corona discharge electrode 8 is arranged two
Between the opposite ceramic wafer 7 of block line plate.
The foundation of ultrasonic field and identical as the third level, the fourth stage.
Preferably, the spacing between the opposite face of opposite ceramic wafer 7 is no more than 5cm.
Preferably, the final stage plasma/ultrasonic coupling is catalyzed field, using line-plate type plasma reactor structure,
Plasma is generated using dielectric barrier discharge mode.Several electrode plates of plasma reactor parallel arrangement, intermediate uniform cloth
Several corona wires are set, electrode surface attaches ceramic wafer as block media and catalyst carrier.
A kind of removal methods carrying out coal-fired flue-gas pollutant using mentioned-above device, comprising the following steps:
1) coal-fired flue-gas enters electrostatic precipitation section, and the particulate matter in flue gas is adsorbed in the electrostatic field of electrostatic precipitation section
Dust collecting pole plate falls into the ash bucket of lower section by deashing device, is taken away by ash conveying device, and electrostatic precipitation section removes the particle in flue gas
The particulate matter of object, especially PM10 or more:
2) flue gas enters electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section from electrostatic precipitation section, and by electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling field, particle exists
Fierce mechanical oscillation are done in ultrasonic field, the kinetic energy of particle increases, and the chance of particle encounter also increases, the cohesive force between particle
Usually make two particles agglomerated together after an impact, so that little particle is become bulky grain, Yi Beijing by being continually colliding coalescence
Electro Sorb removing, can effectively remove the particulate matter below of PM2.5 in flue gas；
3) flue gas enters plasma/ultrasonic coupling catalysis field dedusting section from electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section, is hindered by medium
Gear electric discharge generates a large amount of plasma, including high energy particle and active material in plasma reactor；High energy particle and
Complicated physical-chemical reaction, degradation of organic substances occur for the organic pollutant in active material and flue gas；The load of medium baffle is urged
Agent plays catalytic action to the removing of organic matter；The high frequency peptizaiton of ultrasonic wave promotes organic matter and active material and catalysis
The reaction of agent enhances removal effect.
The working principle of the invention: the present invention is transformed original electric precipitator, and wherein I and II is conventional electricity
, three, level Four be electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling field, final stage is that plasma/ultrasonic coupling is catalyzed field.Coal-fired flue-gas enters electrostatic precipitation
Device is adsorbed by dust collecting pole plate after particulate matter is charged, is adhered on dust collecting pole plate after electric discharge in the conventional electrostatic field of I and II,
After deashing device is removed, the ash bucket of lower section, particulate matter (especially of PM10 or more in electrostatic field in flue gas are fallen into
Grain object) by efficient removal.By three, level Four electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling field, particle does fierce mechanical oscillation, grain in ultrasonic field
The kinetic energy of son increases, and the chance of particle encounter also increases, and the cohesive force between particle agglomerates two particles after an impact
Together, so that little particle is become bulky grain by being continually colliding coalescence, be easily electrostatically adsorbed removing, can effectively remove in flue gas
PM2.5 particulate matter below.The plasma of final stage contains a large amount of high energy particle and active material, in oxidation-degradable flue gas
Organic pollutant, cooperate with supported catalyst catalytic action, ultrasonic wave high frequency dispersion, efficient removal organic pollutant.
Preferably, the front of residual heat using device is arranged in the removing means of coal-fired flue-gas pollutant.
Although the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiments as above, present invention is not limited to this.Any art technology
Personnel can make various changes or modifications, therefore protection scope of the present invention is answered without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
When being defined by the scope defined by the claims..
Claims (6)
1. a kind of heat pipe being arranged in flue, including vertical portion, horizontal component and vertical pipe, wherein vertical portion
Bottom end is connected to horizontal component, and direction of the horizontal component from the bottom end of vertical portion away from vertical portion extends, described
Horizontal component lower part is connected to multiple vertical pipes, and wherein vertical pipe is the evaporation ends of heat pipe, and vertical portion is the condensation end of heat pipe, institute
It states vertical pipe and horizontal component is arranged in flue.
2. heat pipe as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the horizontal component is flat tube structure, and vertical pipe is round tube
Structure, horizontal component are square structure；The vertical pipe is multiple rows of, wherein adjacent two rows are to be staggered in arrangement；The circle of vertical pipe
Two closed on the vertical pipe center of circle of the heart and adjacent row constitutes isosceles triangle, and the center of circle of the vertical pipe is located at isosceles triangle
The position of the point of apex angle.
3. smoke waste heat utilization system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the system also includes coal-fired flue-gas pollutions
The removing means of object, the downstream of flue where heat pipe is arranged in described device, described device include electrostatic precipitation section, electrostatic/super
Acoustical coupling dedusting section and plasma/ultrasonic coupling are catalyzed field dedusting section, and wherein electrostatic precipitation section is arranged in front, in electrostatic precipitation
Section the inside setting dust collecting pole plate simultaneously generates electrostatic field, and electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section is arranged in behind electrostatic precipitation section, quiet
It is provided with dust collecting pole plate in electricity/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section and end occurs for ultrasonic wave, and generates electrostatic field in inside, ultrasonic wave occurs
It holds and is connect with external supersonic generator；Plasma/ultrasonic coupling catalysis field dedusting section is arranged in electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting
Below, end, ultrasonic wave hair occur section for setting plasma reactor and ultrasonic wave in plasma/ultrasonic coupling catalysis field dedusting section
It causes trouble and is connect with external supersonic generator；
PM10 dust detector is arranged in electrostatic precipitation section entrance, and PM10 concentration N1, the PM10 dust for detecting entry position is examined
It surveys instrument to connect with controller data, a control function is set in the controller, and the control function E=F (N1), wherein E is
The intensity of electric field, N1 are PM10 concentration datas, wherein F ' (N1) > 0, F " (N1) > 0, and wherein F ' (N1), F " (N1) are F (N1)
First order derivative and second derivative.
4. smoke waste heat utilization system as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the controller can be realized basis
Grain object concentration automatically adjusts electric field strength, and control mode is as follows:
Assuming that when electric field strength E, PM10 concentration N1 indicates the filter effect met certain condition, above-mentioned electric field strength
E, PM10 concentration N1 is benchmark data, and the reference data storage is in the controller；
When PM10 concentration becomes n1, electric field strength e variation is as follows:
E=E* (n1/N1)a, wherein a is parameter, 1.09 < a < 1.13；Preferably, a=1.10；
0.85<n1/N1<1.15。
5. system as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the electrostatic precipitation section is two-stage, is the first order and the respectively
Second level；The electrostatic/ultrasonic coupling dedusting section is two-stage, is the third level and the fourth stage respectively, and plasma/ultrasonic coupling is catalyzed field
Dedusting section is level-one, is level V.
6. smoke waste heat utilization system as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the outer diameter of vertical pipe is d, the phase of same row
The distance between adjacent vertical pipe center of circle is L, the center of circle of vertical pipe and two closed on the vertical pipe center of circle composition of adjacent row etc.
The apex angle of lumbar triangle shape is A, then meets claimed below:
Sin (A)=a-b*Ln (d/L), wherein Ln is logarithmic function, and a, b are parameters, meets following require:
0.095<a<0.105,0.29<b<0.31；0.1<d/L<0.7.
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