CN109874543A - A kind of anti-fall chemical regulation method of Lake Dongting area different densities summer corn high yield - Google Patents
A kind of anti-fall chemical regulation method of Lake Dongting area different densities summer corn high yield Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to agricultural technology fields, disclose a kind of anti-fall chemical regulation method of Lake Dongting area different densities summer corn high yield.Using 2 Summer Corn Varieties as material；3 level of density are set: 60000 plants/hm2, 75000 plants/hm2, 90000 plants/hm2；It is tested by the chemical regulation that chemical regulator carries out different densities summer corn in the way of 2 kinds of chemical regulators spray.Test result of the invention shows that suitable chemical regulation measure can reduce corn plant height and Ear height, increases aerial root quantity, increases stem thickness and stalk pulls off power, reduce lodging rate and the rate of falling folding, and preferable with 1 effect of jointing initial stage chemical regulation.Preferably take different chemical regulation measures that can realize summer corn high yield under the conditions of different groups, summer corn group is larger, grow fine under the conditions of, jointing initial stage spray chemical regulator facilitate corn yield raising.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field more particularly to a kind of anti-fall chemistry of Lake Dongting area different densities summer corn high yield
Regulation method.
Background technique
Currently, the prior art commonly used in the trade is such that
Many experimental results point out that rational close planted can make corn yield increasing, but more than after certain density, yield drops instead
Low, when reason is that density is excessive, group's translucency is reduced, photosynthetic performance decline, and grain number per spike and thousand quality reduce, together
When, lodging rate significantly increases.Currently, the development of China's corn mechanical harvest is very fast, resistant to lodging to corn to propose higher want
It asks.Therefore, research and clear different densities under the conditions of corn appropriate chemical regulation measure, improve the lodging resistance and high yield of corn
Property, to promoting, the stable development of corn, increasing farmers' income is of great significance.
Progress: chemical regulation is at an important arable farming measure.Forefathers are for chemical regulation to corn plants
Type, lodging, panicled characters, yield effect etc. have carried out a large number of experiments, and discovery: (1) chemical control agent can reduce corn plant height
And Ear height, increase corn stem diameter, improve Plant Type in Maize, reduces the corn rate of falling folding and lodging rate, and then improve yield.
(2) reasonable employment of chemical control agent can improve Plant agronomic traits, to achieve the purpose that volume increase.(3) application of chemical regulator
Effect and kind, ecological condition spray period and spraying concentration is related；Corn chemical regulator can be sprayed two periods,
First is that 6-9 leaf is postponed, the second is 10-13 leaf is postponed, and the principle that chemical regulator sprays is that " spray height does not spray low, spray and prosperous do not spray
Weak, spray black does not spray Huang ".
Currently, Hunan Province's maize sown area is up to 500,000 hm2Left and right, but mostly spring maize and autumn corn.In recent years, cotton
The seeds of flowering plants plants decline in benefits, and Lake Dongting area sown areas of cotton are constantly reduced, and peasant replants other crops one after another, wherein summer corn
Become one important selection of peasant, rape-summer corn has become a kind of important planting system in the region.Meanwhile Dongting Lake
Area's topography is flat, is very suitable to the development and application of corn entire mechanization technology, and still, the region still lacks summer corn at present
The system research of mechanization high-yield high-efficiency cultivation technology.To promote the stable development of Lake Dongting area summer corn and proposing for farmers' income
Height is badly in need of receiving summer corn development corresponding cultivation techniques research for machine to ensure its yielding ability and yield stability；Wherein, summer corn
Suitable Density, the fertilizer practice of high density summer corn and the anti-fall technology of chemical regulation are particularly important, are badly in need of reinforcing.
In conclusion problem of the existing technology is: the region still lacks the cultivation of summer corn mechanization high-yield and high-efficiency at present
The Suitable Density of the system research of training technology, especially summer corn, the fertilizer practice of high density summer corn and chemical regulation are anti-fall
Technology is still not clear.
Solve the difficulty of above-mentioned technical problem:
First is that being the screening for the Summer Corn Varieties that suitable machine is received, second is that being that the maize seed that peasant is formed for many years must be reformed
Density in planting is small, fertilising is more, the habit of artificial harvesting harvest, third is that being to solve the problems, such as that high density corn easily lodges, four
It is the appropriate chemical control technique measure for being clearly to improve summer corn lodging resistance.
Solve the meaning of above-mentioned technical problem: the present invention receives corn variety (Zheng Dan with two filtered out early period suitable machines
958, Hunan agriculture is No. 27 beautiful) it is material, by carrying out crop field location test, at (60000 plants/hm of different densities2, 75000 plants/hm2、
90000 plants/hm2) under the conditions of study different chemical regulation measures to yield of Summer Corn formed and lodging tolerance influence, thus
It determines its suitable chemical regulation measure, can be to establish the Lake Dongting area machine receipts mating high-yield high-efficiency cultivation technology of summer corn to establish base
Plinth.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of Lake Dongting area different densities summer corn high yield is anti-fall
Chemical regulation method.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of anti-fall chemical regulation method of Lake Dongting area different densities summer corn high yield, tool
Body the following steps are included:
Step 1: determining Summer Corn Varieties, receives Summer Corn Varieties Zheng Dan 958 and Hunan with two suitable machines of early-stage study screening
Agriculture beautiful No. 27 are material；
Step 2: 3 level of density of setting: 60000 plants/hm2, 75000 plants/hm2, 90000 plants/hm2；
Step 3: 2 kinds of chemical regulators are carried out to different densities summer corn using the fresh ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid of chemical regulator amine and are sprayed
Apply the chemical regulation of mode；
Step 4: actual density, empty stalk rate, dual spike rate, Yield and components are determined, determines chemistry regulation measure to the summer
The influence of corn yield and its constituent element；Investigation records plant height, Ear height, aerial root quantity, stem thickness investigate every cell corn
The rate of falling folding and lodging rate, measure summer corn stalk puncture strength and stalk pulls off power index, determine chemistry regulation measure to summer jade
The influence of rice lodging resistance.
Further, in step 3, chemical regulator preferred concentration is that per hectare 375g is watered 450kg.
Further, in step 3,2 kinds of chemical regulators spray mode at the beginning of jointing initial stage chemical regulation 1 (C1), jointing
Phase+big bell mouth stage each chemical regulation 1 time (C2), and to spray clear water (C3) as control.
Further, in step 4, actual density, empty stalk rate, dual spike rate, Yield and components is determined: surveying and produces in harvest
Before, 2 rows among investigation cell, investigation records total strain number, empty stalk strain number, double fringe strain numbers record paid spike number, claim fresh weight, by big
Small ear ratio and average fresh fringe refetch 10 fringes measurement moisture content of kernels and indoor species test etc., convert yield according to moisture content of kernels
(14% moisture).
Further, in step 4, investigation records plant height, Ear height, aerial root quantity, stem thickness: in the exhibition of 12 leaf of corn, spinning
Phase and harvest time, continuous 10 plants of each cell measurement, investigation records plant height, Ear height, aerial root quantity, stem thickness.
Further, in step 4, every cell corn rate of falling folding and lodging rate are investigated: in the Maize Physiological maturity period, being investigated every
The cell corn rate of falling folding and lodging rate.
Further, it in step 4, measures summer corn stalk puncture strength and stalk pulls off power index: every cell selection growth
Normal 10 plants of plant uses YYD-1 type straw stiffness analyzer measurement stalk the 3rd, 4, the stalk puncture strengths of 5 internodes
Stalk between Section 5 pulls off power index.
In conclusion advantages of the present invention and good effect are as follows:
Test result of the invention shows that suitable chemical regulation measure can reduce corn plant height and Ear height, increases
Aerial root quantity, increases stem thickness and stalk pulls off power, to reduce lodging rate and the rate of falling folding, and with jointing initial stage chemical regulation 1
Secondary effect is preferable.Preferably take different chemical regulation measures that can realize summer corn high yield, summer corn group under the conditions of different groups
Body is larger, grow fine under the conditions of, jointing initial stage spray chemical regulator facilitate corn yield raising.
Summer corn plant height and Ear height increase under high density, stalk attenuates, aerial root quantity is reduced, and lodge increased risk,
But suitable chemical regulation measure can reduce corn plant height and Ear height, increase aerial root quantity, increase stem thickness and stalk is drawn
Power is rolled over, to reduce lodging rate and the rate of falling folding.2017, weather condition is unfavorable to cause corn growth bad, and corn yield is with close
Degree increases and improves, and declines with the increase of control number is changed；Weather condition is normal within 2018, and two kinds increase with density and increased production,
With without control processing yield highest is changed, volume variance is not significant between respectively handling under middle density conditions, and high density under low density condition
Under the conditions of show the trend of 1 chemical regulation > control 2 chemical regulations of > processing.Two kind maximum outputs are in high density, 1
It is obtained under the conditions of secondaryization control.
Chemical regulation of the present invention can significantly improve corn lodging tolerance, but preferably take under the conditions of different groups different
Chemical regulation measure can realize corn with high yield.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the anti-fall chemical regulation method flow of Lake Dongting area different densities summer corn high yield provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the influence knot of density provided in an embodiment of the present invention and chemical regulation to summer corn maturity period aerial root quantity
Fruit.
Fig. 3 is the influence knot of density provided in an embodiment of the present invention and chemical regulation to summer corn lodging rate and the rate of falling folding
Fruit.
Fig. 4 is the influence knot of density provided in an embodiment of the present invention and chemical regulation to summer corn dual spike rate and empty bar rate
Fruit.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
In order to solve existing technical problem, the present invention is directed to different densities summer corn group, analyzes chemical regulation and arrange
The influence to Lake Dongting area yield of Summer Corn and lodging resistance is applied, specifies that the region different groups machine receives the suitable chemistry of summer corn
Regulation measure.With Summer Corn Varieties Zheng Dan 958 (kind of academy of agricultural sciences, Henan Province breeding, seed are bought by market) and Hunan agriculture jade 27
Number (kind of agricultural college, Agricultural University Of Hunan breeding, seed are provided by agricultural college, Agricultural University Of Hunan).
It elaborates with reference to the accompanying drawing to application principle of the invention；
As shown in Figure 1, the anti-fall chemical regulation side of different densities summer corn high yield in Lake Dongting area provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Method, specifically includes the following steps:
S101: determining Summer Corn Varieties, with Summer Corn Varieties Zheng Dan 958 and Hunan agriculture beautiful No. 27 for material；
S102: 3 level of density of setting: 60000 plants/hm2, 75000 plants/hm2, 90000 plants/hm2；
S103: 2 kinds of chemical regulators are carried out to different densities summer corn using the fresh ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid of chemical regulator amine and are sprayed
The chemical regulation of mode；
S104: actual density, empty stalk rate, dual spike rate, Yield and components are determined；Investigation records plant height, Ear height, gas
It takes root quantity, stem thickness；Investigate every cell corn rate of falling folding and lodging rate；Measurement stalk puncture strength and stalk pull off power index.
In step S103, chemical regulator preferred concentration provided in an embodiment of the present invention is that per hectare 375g is watered 450kg.
In step S103, it is jointing initial stage chemical regulation 1 that 2 kinds of chemical regulators provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which spray mode,
Secondary (C1), jointing initial stage+big bell mouth stage each chemical regulation 1 time (C2), and to spray clear water (C3) as control.
In step S104, determining actual density, empty stalk rate, dual spike rate, yield and yield structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention
At: antenatal, 2 rows among investigation cell are surveyed in harvest, investigation records total strain number, empty stalk strain number, double fringe strain numbers record paid fringe
Number claims fresh weight, and fringe ratio and average fresh fringe refetch 10 fringes measurement moisture content of kernels and indoor species test etc. by size, is contained according to seed
Water converts yield (14% moisture).
In step S104, investigation records plant height provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Ear height, aerial root quantity, stem thickness: in jade
The exhibition of 12 leaves of rice, spinning phase and harvest time, continuous 10 plants of each cell measurement, investigation records plant height, Ear height, aerial root number
Amount, stem thickness.
In step S104, the every cell corn rate of falling folding of determination provided in an embodiment of the present invention and lodging rate: in Maize Physiological
Maturity period determines every cell corn rate of falling folding and lodging rate.
In step S104, measurement stalk puncture strength provided in an embodiment of the present invention and stalk pull off power index: every cell
Normal 10 plants of plant of selection growth, use YYD-1 type straw stiffness analyzer measurement stalk the 3rd, 4, the stalks of 5 internodes
Stalk between puncture strength and Section 5 pulls off power index.
Application principle of the invention is further described below with reference to specific experiment；
The present invention has carried out 2 years field experiments, using corn harvest mechanization as target, network analysis in Lake Dongting area
Influence of the regulation to different densities summer corn lodging resistance and yield is learned, to the chemical regulation measure that clear different groups are suitable for,
Summer corn high-yield high-efficiency cultivation is received for Lake Dongting area machine, and theoretical and technical support is provided.
1 materials and methods
1.1 experimental field overviews
It tests and carried out (111 ° of east longitude in Changde City, the town Mu Tangyuan, Taoyuan county in Lake Dongting area in 2017~2018 years
47 ', 28 ° 9 ' of north latitude).Experimental field basic topography: organic matter 15.87g/kg, full nitrogen 0.47g/kg, full phosphorus 0.37g/kg, full potassium
7.18g/kg、pH6.04。
2017, annual precipitation 1497.1mm, wherein the 63% of 5~September precipitation 949.2mm, Zhan Quannian；Annual accumulated temperature
6360.9 DEG C of (>=0 DEG C), wherein 3889.4 DEG C of 5~September accumulated temperature, the 61% of Zhan Quannian.2018, annual precipitation 1559.5mm,
The 59% of wherein 5~September precipitation 922mm, Zhan Quannian；Annual 6422.9 DEG C of accumulated temperature (>=0 DEG C), wherein 5~September accumulated temperature 4045.1
DEG C, the 62% of Zhan Quannian.Two kind growing processes are almost the same between 2 years, and the precipitation and accumulated temperature situation of each growing stage are shown in Table 1.
Between 2 years, weather conditions exception in 2017 is mainly manifested in 3 aspects: first is that seedling stage precipitation is too big, causing field ponding；
Second is that spinning pollination period meets with continuous hot weather on the 5th (38 DEG C or more)；Third is that August 1st (9d after spinning) has met with one
Storm.
1.2 test material
Test variety is two corn varieties: Zheng Dan 958 (ZD958), Hunan agriculture No. 27 (XNY27) of jade, with corn chemistry tune
It controls the fresh ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid of agent amine (production of Weizhi County pesticide head factory), base manure applies compound fertilizer (25-10-16), and top dressing is urea
(46%).
The precipitation and accumulated temperature situation of 1 each growing stage of 2017-2018 summer corn of table
1.3 test method
Test 3 level of density of setting: 60000 plants/hm2, 75000 plants/hm2, 90000 plants/hm2.Chemical regulator uses
Recommended density (per hectare 375g is watered 450kg) is arranged 2 kinds of chemical regulators and sprays mode: jointing initial stage chemical regulation 1 time
(C1), jointing initial stage+big bell mouth stage each chemical regulation 1 time (C2), to spray clear water (C3) as control.Test sets 2 × 3 altogether ×
3=18 processing, then split plot experiment design, density are primary area, and kind is secondary area, and chemical regulation mode is secondary secondary area, 3 weights
It answers, totally 54 cells, plot area 24m2(8 row areas, 5m long).Preceding to be used as rape, the corn seeding phase (live streaming) is May 20
Left and right, line-spacing 60cm wait line-spacings to plant.5 leaf phase final singlings.Fertilising is carried out by local habit, and base manure applies compound fertilizer (25-10-
16)600kg/hm2, top dressing is urea (46%) 193.95kg/hm2, total amount of nitrogen is 240kg/hm2。
1.4 measurement items and method
Growthdevelopmental stage: the date that each cell reaches each growthdevelopmental stage is recorded.
Yield and yield forming: actual density, empty stalk rate, dual spike rate, Yield and components etc. are determined.It surveys and produces in harvest
Before, 2 rows among investigation cell, investigation records total strain number, empty stalk strain number, double fringe strain numbers record paid spike number, claim fresh weight, by big
Small ear ratio and average fresh fringe refetch 10 fringes measurement moisture content of kernels and indoor species test etc., convert yield according to moisture content of kernels
(14% moisture).
Characteristic index resistant to lodging: in the exhibition of 12 leaf of corn, spinning phase and harvest time, continuous 10 plants of each cell measurement is adjusted
Look into record plant height, Ear height, aerial root quantity, stem thickness (diameter of overground part Section 3 flat horizontal surface)；In the Maize Physiological maturity period,
Determine every cell corn rate of falling folding and lodging rate；Normal 10 plants of plant of growth of every cell selection, uses YYD-1 type stalk
Stalk between intensity measuring device measurement stalk the 3rd, 4, the stalk puncture strength and Section 5 of 5 internodes pulls off the indexs such as power.
1.5 data processing
Data processing uses Excel2003, as a result carries out variance analysis using DPS software and significant difference compares.
2 results and analysis
Influence of 2.1 chemical regulations to summer corn growthdevelopmental stage
As shown in Table 2, two kind growing processes are almost the same, and chemical regulation and planting density there are not summer corn growthdevelopmental stage
Have an impact.Sowing time in 2017 is May 29, and the time of infertility reaches 114d.Compared with early sowing in 2017 13 days, 5 have early been received within 2018
It, time of infertility 107d, it is seen that appropriate early sowing can shorten the full growthdevelopmental stage of corn.
2 2017-2018 summer corn growthdevelopmental stage (moon day) of table
Influence of 2.2 chemical regulations to summer corn lodging resistance
2.2.1 influence of the chemical regulation to summer corn plant height and Ear height
Seen from table 3, kind, chemical regulation have significant or extremely significant shadow to summer corn maturity period plant height and Ear height
It rings, and density does not make significant difference to summer corn maturity period plant height and Ear height, the mutual work of each factor is to summer corn maturity period plant height
It does not make significant difference generally with Ear height, two annual bearings are more consistent.As can be seen from Table 4, density and chemical regulation to summer corn at
The influence of ripe phase plant height, 2 years, two Performance of cultivar it is more consistent, i.e., plant height increases with density and is improved, but it is general do not have it is significant
Difference；Plant height declines with the increase of control number is changed, and generalization control processing twice is significant compared with control decline.Density is to summer corn fringe
The high influence in position shows more consistent with plant height；Between chemical regulation processing, maturity period Ear height is generally showed without chemical regulation >ization
Learn regulation 1 time > chemical regulation 2 times processing trend, 2 years, two kind results it is more consistent.As it can be seen that using chemical regulator energy
Corn plant height and Ear height is enough effectively reduced, to make corn decentralization, is conducive to the lodging tolerance for improving plant.
The variance analysis of 3 summer corn maturity period of table plant height and Ear height
Note: it is not significant that ns represents difference；* the significant difference under 0.05 level is represented；* represents the difference under 0.01 level
Significantly.Table 6,8,11 is same.
The influence (cm) of 4 density of table and chemical regulation to summer corn maturity period plant height and Ear height
Note: significant (p < 0.05) with column data difference lowercase letter indication difference.Table 7,9,10 is same.
2.2.2 influence of the chemical regulation to summer corn stem thickness, aerial root
Table 5 is the stem thickness of summer corn under different densities and chemical regulation measure.Chemical regulator is handled it can be seen from table
Spinning phase corn stem diameter generally increases with density and is declined, but most without significant difference；Under each density processing generally
The trend that the performance > chemical regulation 2 times of chemical regulation 1 time > is handled without chemical regulation, maturity period visible same trend.Two kinds
The trend of V1 > V2 is presented in stem thickness, and maximum stem thickness all obtains under chemical regulation 1 time.Illustrate that Xia Yu can be improved in chemical regulation
Rice stalk diameter, and it is most appropriate with jointing initial stage chemical regulation 1 time.
The influence (cm) of 5 density of table and chemical regulation to summer corn stem thickness
Note: different lowercase letter indication differences are significant (p < 0.05) between 18 processing.
As shown in Fig. 2, summer corn maturity period aerial root quantity increases with density and is reduced, and on average, the processing of D2 density
The processing of 5.34%, D3 density ratio D2 density, which is reduced, than the processing of D1 density reduces 6.25%.Chemical regulation makes the aerial root of a kind of V
Quantity increases, but without evident regularity between two chemical regulation processing；And the aerial root quantity of V2 kind shows C1 > C2 > C3
Trend.Two variety protections, V2 pat equal aerial root quantity compared with V1 high 13.8% everywhere.
2.2.3 influence of the chemical regulation to the summer corn rate of falling folding and lodging rate
As shown in figure 3, each processing lodging rate in 2017 is between 0-16.20%, the rate of falling folding 1.30%~10.65% it
Between, lodging rate+rate of falling folding is between 1.54%~23.15%；Each processing lodging rate is rolled between 0~15.44% within 2018
Rate is between 1.48%~7.41%, and lodging rate+rate of falling folding is between 1.48%~17.29%.Difference is found between analysis processing,
Lodging rate+rate of falling folding generally increases with chemical regulation number and is reduced, and without evident regularity between density processing.Meanwhile V2 kind
Lodging resistance is poor compared with V1, and lodging and folding are more serious.
2.2.4 chemical regulation is to summer corn stalk puncture strength and the influence for pulling off power
By table 6, table 7 as it can be seen that density has a significant impact summer corn maturity period stalk puncture strength with power is pulled off, two kinds
Performance increases and downward trend with density；Kind influences significantly on power is pulled off, and the average stalk of V1 pulls off power greater than kind
V2；Chemical regulation, which pulls off power to the summer corn maturity period, to be influenced significantly, to show the trend of C2 > C1 > C3；Two kinds the 3rd, 4 sections
Between stalk puncture strength show as C1 > C3 > C2, stalk puncture strength between Section 5 shows C1 > C2 > C3 trend, but poor
It is different more not up to the level of signifiance.Therefore, summer corn maturity period stalk puncture strength and power is pulled off mainly by Effects of Density, but chemistry is adjusted
The stalk that corn can be improved in control pulls off power, also has certain effect to stalk puncture strength is improved.
6 2018 years summer corn maturity periods of table stalk puncture strength and pull off power variance analysis
7 density of table and chemical regulation are to corn puncture strength and the influence (N) for pulling off power
Influence of 2.3 chemical regulations to yield of Summer Corn
2.3.1 influence of the chemical regulation to yield of Summer Corn constituent element
As shown in Table 8, density influences yield of Summer Corn significant, and influence of the chemical regulation to yield is extremely significant；2018
There are significant interactions to yield of Summer Corn for density and chemical regulation.
The variance analysis of 8 2017-2018 maturity period yield of table
Table 9 is the Yield and its components factor of summer corn under different densities in 2017 and chemical regulation measure.2017 because
The influence of date of seeding later with poor weather (early period more, the blooming stage high temperature of rainwater and storm), two variety yields are horizontal
Lower, V2 variety yield level is higher than V1 kind.Two variety yields increase with density and are increased production, under each density at chemical regulation
The trend of C3 > C1 > C2 is showed between reason, two kind maximum outputs obtain under the conditions of high density, not chemical regulation.Into one
The reason of step analytical chemistry regulation makes the corn underproduction, the decline of discovery yield is mainly and under leaf area index, grain number per spike and grain weight
Drop is in relation to (related coefficient of three and yield is respectively 0.8268,0.4958 and 0.4287).As it can be seen that weather is bad, plant is long
In the weaker situation of gesture, chemical regulation inhibits the increase of leaf area, so that grain number per spike and grain decline, so as to cause the underproduction again.
Table 10 is the yield of summer corn under different densities in 2018 and chemical regulation measure compared with constituent element.Weather in 2018
Situation is normal.Two variety yields increase with density and are improved, and influence of the chemical regulation to yield is related with density: low close
(60000 plants/hm under degree processing2), yield is in C3 > C1 > C2 trend, (75000 plants/hm under middle density processing2), each chemistry is adjusted
Control processing volume variance is little, and (90000 plants/hm under high density processing2) performance C1 > C3 > C2 trend.Two kind highests
Yield obtains under conditions of high density, chemical regulation 1 time, and the maximum output of V1 kind is processing D3V1C1
(10822.4kg/hm2), the maximum output of V2 kind is that D3V2C1 handles (11340.0kg/hm2).The yield potentiality of V2 kind compared with
V1 kind is big.
The influence of 9 density of table and chemical regulation to yield of Summer Corn constituent element in 2017
The influence of 10 density of table and chemical regulation to yield of Summer Corn constituent element in 2018
To sum up, yield of Summer Corn increases with density and is significantly improved, and different chemistry is preferably taken to adjust under the conditions of different groups
Control measure can realize summer corn high yield, summer corn group is larger, grow fine under the conditions of, jointing initial stage sprays chemical regulator
Facilitate corn yield raising.
2.3.2 influence of the chemical regulation to summer corn dual spike rate and empty bar rate
By table 11 as it can be seen that 2017, kind influences dual spike rate extremely significant, and kind and chemical regulation are mutually opposed sky bar rate shadow
It rings significantly, the influence to dual spike rate is extremely significant；2018, density, kind influenced significantly dual spike rate, and chemical regulation is to empty bar rate
Influence significant, density and chemical regulation are mutually made to influence dual spike rate significant, and kind and chemical regulation are mutually opposed sky bar rate, dual spike rate
Influence extremely significant, density, kind and chemical regulation three sky bar rate of mutually opposing influence significant, influence on dual spike rate extremely significant.
As shown in figure 4, each processing dual spike rate in 2017 is between 0.31%-7.41%, empty stalk rate is in 1.39%-3.70%
Between.Each processing dual spike rate in 2018 is between 10.50%-33.35%, and empty stalk rate is between 0%-8.15%.General density
Smaller, dual spike rate is higher, and 2 chemical regulations handle dual spike rate highest；Empty bar rate with no chemical regulation handle highest, generally with
1 chemical regulation processing is minimum.
The variance analysis of table 11 2017-2018 summer corn sky bar rate and dual spike rate
3 discuss
Influence of 3.1 chemical regulations to summer corn lodging resistance
Aerial root quantity is to influence the important indicator of corn lodging resistance.Analysis shows planting density is to maize root system number
Have a significant effect, using plant growth regulator can increase root quantity (Li Ning etc., 2008；It is blue loud and clear, 2011).This test
It was found that corn aerial root quantity increases with density and reduced, chemical regulation measure can increase aerial root quantity, but table between kind
Existing slightly difference: without evident regularity between 958 two chemical regulations processing of Zheng Dan, and agriculture beautiful No. 27 aerial root quantity in Hunan are at the beginning of jointing
Phase, 1 chemical regulation handled highest.
It is a large amount of analysis shows (Li JianJun etc., 2016；Xu Yu etc., 2015；Zhao Chenghao etc., 2011), the lodging of corn with
Plant height, stem thickness, the mechanical strength of stem are closely related.This test result shows summer corn plant height and Ear height due to density increases
Improve, stem thickness is reduced because density increases, but jointing initial stage sprays chemical regulator that corn plant height and fringe position can be significantly reduced
Height, increases corn stem thickness and stalk pulls off power, and best with 1 chemical regulation treatment effect of jointing initial stage.
As it can be seen that summer corn plant height and Ear height increase under high density, stalk attenuates, aerial root quantity is reduced, lodge risk
It increases, but suitable chemical regulation measure can reduce corn plant height and Ear height, increases aerial root quantity, increase stem thickness and stem
Stalk pulls off power, to reduce lodging rate and the rate of falling folding, and preferable with 1 effect of jointing initial stage chemical regulation.
Influence of 3.2 chemical regulations to yield of Summer Corn
Empty stalk rate and dual spike rate have a major impact corn yield.It is a discovery of the invention that density increase can be such that sky stalk rate increases,
And dual spike rate reduces, but dual spike rate can be improved in chemical regulation, reduces empty stalk rate, to increase yield, generally with 2 chemical regulations
Dual spike rate highest is handled, it is minimum that 1 chemical regulation handles empty stalk rate.
It is a discovery of the invention that density has a significant impact yield of Summer Corn, in 60000 plants/hm of density2~90000 plants/hm2Model
In enclosing, yield of Summer Corn increases with density and is improved, and two experimental cultivar performances are consistent.About two kinds in the suitable of Lake Dongting area
Whether suitable planting density can also further increase, and need further to analyze.
The present invention the result shows that, there are difference year border, summer corns in 2017 for influence of the chemical regulation between yield of Summer Corn
Yield declines because of chemical regulation, and yield further declines under the conditions of chemical regulation 2 times；Yield of Summer Corn in 2018 is then because changing
It learns regulation and improves.To find out its cause, mainly date of seeding in 2017, is later, and occur serious hazard weather (early period rainwater compared with
More, blooming stage high temperature and storm), cause plant body growing way weaker, and chemical regulation further suppresses the extension of leaf area,
To reduce yield.As it can be seen that whether taking chemical regulation measure in Summer Maize Production, weather conditions and plant should be also regarded
Depending on growing way, this can be also further analyzed.
The present invention had found that influence of the chemical regulation to yield was related with density: at low-density from 2018 in test result
(60000 plants/hm under reason2) chemical regulation processing makes the corn underproduction, (75000 plants/hm under middle density processing2) chemical regulation processing
Effect is unobvious, and (90000 plants/hm under high density processing2) with 1 chemical regulation processing yield highest of jointing initial stage.As it can be seen that
Different chemical regulation measures is preferably taken under the conditions of different groups can realize summer corn high yield, and summer corn group is larger, growing way
Under good condition, jointing initial stage, which sprays chemical regulator, facilitates corn yield raising.
This analysis of experiments influence of the chemical regulation number to yield of Summer Corn and lodging resistance, without reference to chemical regulator
Spray mode.Chemical regulator sprays the analysis of mode also rare report at present.In this test, the side of spraying of chemical regulator
Method is sprayed from plant top to lower part, is uniformly sprayed.Spraying mode and spray whether position influences about chemical regulator
Regulating effect, there are also to be analyzed.
4 conclusions
This test result shows that suitable chemical regulation measure can reduce corn plant height and Ear height, increases aerial root
Quantity, increases stem thickness and stalk pulls off power, to reduce lodging rate and the rate of falling folding, and with 1 effect of jointing initial stage chemical regulation
Preferably.Different chemical regulation measures is preferably taken under the conditions of different groups can realize summer corn high yield, summer corn group is larger,
Under the conditions of growing fine, jointing initial stage, which sprays chemical regulator, facilitates corn yield raising.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of anti-fall chemical regulation method of Lake Dongting area different densities summer corn high yield, which is characterized in that the Dongting Lake
The anti-fall chemical regulation method of area's different densities summer corn high yield the following steps are included:
Step 1: using 2 Summer Corn Varieties as material；
Step 2: 3 level of density of setting: 60000 plants/hm2, 75000 plants/hm2, 90000 plants/hm2；
Step 3: the chemical regulation in the way of 2 kinds of chemical regulators spray is carried out to different densities summer corn by chemical regulator；
Step 4: actual density, empty stalk rate, dual spike rate, Yield and components are determined；Investigation records plant height, Ear height, gas are raw
Radical amount, stem thickness；Determine every cell corn rate of falling folding and lodging rate；Stalk puncture strength and stalk pull off power index.
2. the anti-fall chemical regulation method of Lake Dongting area different densities summer corn high yield as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
In the step 3, chemical regulator is the fresh ethephon (CEPHA),2-(chloroethyl) phosphonic acid of amine, and spraying concentration is that per hectare 375g is watered 450kg.
3. the anti-fall chemical regulation method of Lake Dongting area different densities summer corn high yield as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
In the step 3, it is that jointing initial stage chemical regulation 1 time, jointing initial stage+big bell mouth stage are each that 2 kinds of chemical regulators, which spray mode,
Chemical regulation 1 time, and to spray clear water as control.
4. the anti-fall chemical regulation method of Lake Dongting area different densities summer corn high yield as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
In the step 4, antenatal, investigation cell measurement actual density, empty stalk rate, dual spike rate, Yield and components: is surveyed in harvest
Intermediate 2 rows, investigation records total strain number, empty stalk strain number, double fringe strain numbers, record paid spike number, claim fresh weight, by size fringe ratio peace
Fresh fringe refetches 10 fringes measurement moisture content of kernels and indoor species test, converts yield according to moisture content of kernels.
5. the anti-fall chemical regulation method of Lake Dongting area different densities summer corn high yield as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
In the step 4, investigation records plant height, Ear height, aerial root quantity, stem thickness: in the exhibition of 12 leaf of corn, spinning phase and harvest time,
Continuous 10 plants of each cell measurement, investigation records plant height, Ear height, aerial root quantity, stem thickness.
6. the anti-fall chemical regulation method of Lake Dongting area different densities summer corn high yield as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
In the step 4, every cell corn rate of falling folding and lodging rate are investigated: in the Maize Physiological maturity period, investigating every cell corn and fall to roll over
Rate and lodging rate.
7. the anti-fall chemical regulation method of Lake Dongting area different densities summer corn high yield as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
In the step 4, measure summer corn stalk puncture strength and stalk pulls off power index: every cell selection grows normal corn
10 plants of plant, using between YYD-1 type straw stiffness analyzer measurement stalk the 3rd, 4, the stalk puncture strength and Section 5 of 5 internodes
Stalk pull off power index.
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| CN111742797A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-09 | 河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | Method for identifying corn hybrid collected by seed machine |
| CN112335504A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-02-09 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | Summer corn lodging-resistant premature senility-preventing cultivation method |
| CN112369288A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-19 | 黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所 | Method for preventing later lodging of corn |
| CN113841608A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-28 | 沈阳特亦佳玉米科技有限公司 | Double-ear corn breeding and utilization method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111742797A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-09 | 河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | Method for identifying corn hybrid collected by seed machine |
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| CN112369288A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-19 | 黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所 | Method for preventing later lodging of corn |
| CN113841608A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-28 | 沈阳特亦佳玉米科技有限公司 | Double-ear corn breeding and utilization method thereof |
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