CN109874017A - Image processor relevant to motion compensation and image treatment method - Google Patents
Image processor relevant to motion compensation and image treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109874017A CN109874017A CN201711257836.XA CN201711257836A CN109874017A CN 109874017 A CN109874017 A CN 109874017A CN 201711257836 A CN201711257836 A CN 201711257836A CN 109874017 A CN109874017 A CN 109874017A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of image processor, wherein providing circuit, a search circuit and an encoder comprising a search area.It is and to set corresponding N number of search area in a reference frame accordingly to for the N number of motion vector prediction value of target image block acquirement that the search area, which provides circuit,.Symbol N is the integer greater than one.The search circuit is to find out a motion-vector whereby respectively to carry out a motion compensation searching procedure in N number of search area for the target image block.The encoder is to be the target image block coding according to the motion-vector.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is related to image processing technique, and especially with the motion compensation that can use when carrying out coded dynamic image
(motion compensation) technology is related.
Background technique
In order to meet expectation of the viewer for image true to nature, the main direction of development of many display devices first is that
Persistently promote the size and resolution of picture.How while possessing good image quality, the money of image is reduced through coding techniques
Doses is the subject under discussion being concerned to save storage space and transfer resource.
Motion compensation is a kind of coded dynamic image technology being widely used, and is laid a foundation in two frame adjacent in timing
(frame) content usually has the characteristics of high similarity.Each frame can be divided into multiple image blocks, as coding
Basic unit.For each image block to be encoded, encoder can be from a specific image capturing range (hereinafter referred to as search area)
A most like image block is found out as reference block.One image block to be encoded and coordinate of its reference block in frame
Difference is known as motion-vector (motion vector), and the presentation content difference of the two image blocks is known as residual error
(residual).Encoder only needs to compile residual error and motion-vector (rather than content of entire image block to be encoded)
Code.One image block and its reference block are more similar, and residual error is just smaller.Obviously, reference block appropriate is found out, is compiled for reducing
The data quantity of code result does a great deal of good.Therefore, selecting search area appropriate is an important step.
Most traditional motion compensation technology is with entire reference frame as search area, assesses all possible movement one by one
Vector, to find out the image block of wherein energy minimization residual error data quantity as reference block.The shortcomings that this way, is meeting
Expend a large amount of calculation resources and time.For this purpose, the first evolutionary approach is the motion-vector using an adjacent block, as wait compile
The motion vector prediction value of code image block, carries out the lesser search of range accordingly.Please refer to Fig. 1 (A).Assuming that be encoded at present
Need coded image block 111 in frame 100, and the reference block of the neighbouring image block 110 of known image block to be encoded 111
For the image block R in reference frame 900, then motion-vector of the image block R relative to image block 110 can be used in encoder
MV110As the motion vector prediction value PMV of image block 111 to be encoded.As shown in Fig. 1 (B), motion vector prediction value PMV's
Size and direction all with motion-vector MV110It is identical, precisely because starting point corresponds to the central point of image block 111 to be encoded.To move
The particular size region put centered on the tail end of motion vector prediction value PMV is set to search area S, is wait compile as encoder
Code image block 111 finds search object when reference block.
Different from only considering the first evolutionary approach of single adjacent block, second of evolutionary approach is by multiple adjacent blocks
Known motion-vector be included in and consider.Please refer to the example of Fig. 1 (C).In this example, the four of image block 111 to be encoded
The known motion-vector of a adjacent block 107~110, which is included into, to be considered.More specifically, second of evolutionary approach is to enable movement
Vector predictors PMV is equal to the motion-vector MV of neighbouring image block 107~110107~MV110Median, and set accordingly
Search area S.For ease of illustration of vector predictors PMV and motion-vector MV107~MV110Relativeness, in Fig. 1 (D), move
Moving vector MV107~MV110Be shown is all using the central point of image block 111 to be encoded as starting point.It can be seen that by Fig. 1 (D),
Image block to be encoded 111 and neighbouring 107 or 108 relevance of image block it is higher (compared to neighbouring image block 109,
It 110), can be more preferable than using the first evolutionary approach using second of evolutionary approach in the case where.Relatively, if image to be encoded
Block 111 and the relevance of neighbouring image block 109 or 110 are higher, just may not necessarily be found out more using second of evolutionary approach
Ideal reference block.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of new image processor and image treatment method.
A specific embodiment of the invention is a kind of image processor, wherein providing circuit, one comprising a search area
Search circuit and an encoder.It is pre- to obtain N number of motion-vector for a target image block that the search area, which provides circuit,
Measured value, and corresponding N number of search area is set in a reference frame accordingly.Symbol N is the integer greater than one.The search circuit
It is that it is mobile to find out one whereby for the target image block to carry out a motion compensation searching procedure in N number of search area
Vector.The encoder is to be the target image block coding according to the motion-vector.
Another specific embodiment of the invention is a kind of image treatment method.Firstly, a N number of movement of target image block to
Amount predicted value is obtained, and the corresponding N number of search area being located in a reference frame is set accordingly, and wherein N is greater than one
Integer.Then, a motion compensation searching procedure carries out in N number of search area, finds out whereby for the target image block
One motion-vector.Then, according to the motion-vector, which is encoded.
Detailed description of the invention
For the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be clearer and more comprehensible, below in conjunction with attached drawing to tool of the invention
Body embodiment elaborates, in which:
Fig. 1 (A)~Fig. 1 (D) frame and image block example are to illustrate two kinds of traditional motion compensation schemes.
Fig. 2 (A) is the functional block diagram of the image processor in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 (B) is the functional block diagram of the search circuit in one embodiment of the invention.
The frame and image block example of Fig. 3 (A) and Fig. 3 (B) are to illustrate motion compensation scheme related to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the functional block diagram of the image processor in another embodiment of the present invention.
Several examples for extending search area of Fig. 5 (A)~Fig. 5 (C) display.
Fig. 6 is the functional block diagram of the search circuit in another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the functional block diagram of the image processor in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is the flow chart of the image treatment method in one embodiment of the invention.
It should be noted that attached drawing of the invention includes the functional block diagram that a variety of functional modules associated with each other are presented.
These attached drawings are not thin portion circuit diagram, and connecting line therein is only to indicate signal stream.Between functional element and/or program
A variety of interactive relationship are not necessarily intended to reach through the direct electrical connection beginning.In addition, the function of individual component be not necessarily intended to as
The mode being painted in attached drawing is distributed, and distributed block is not necessarily intended to the realization of distributed electronic component.
Symbol description:
100: frame 107~111 to be encoded: image block
R: reference block S, S1~SN: search area
SE: extend search area MV107~MV110: motion-vector
PMV: motion vector prediction value 200: image processor
201: search area provides circuit 202: search circuit
202A: sub- search circuit 202B: selection circuit
202C: allocation circuitry 203: encoder
204: decision circuitry 204A: sample circuit
204B comparison circuit 205: extension circuit
900: reference frame S801~S803: process step
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is an image processor, and functional block diagram is depicted in Fig. 2 (A).Image
Processing unit 200 includes that a search area provides circuit 201, a search circuit 202 and an encoder 203.In practical application
In, image processor 200 can be incorporated into the various electronics productions for needing to carry out coded dynamic image using motion compensation technology
In product.
As it was earlier mentioned, image block is the basic unit of coding.Search area provides circuit 201 and is responsible at present wait compile
The image block (hereinafter referred to as target image block) of code obtains N number of motion vector prediction value (N is the integer greater than one), and accordingly
N number of corresponding search area S is set in a reference frame1~SN.For example, if having around target image block N number of neighbouring
The motion-vector of image block is datum, then N number of motion vector prediction value of target image block can be N number of neighbouring shadow
As the respective motion-vector of block.It should be noted that it is so-called herein it is " adjacent " can refer to spatially adjacent, be also referred to as temporal
It is adjacent.Image block 107~110 in Fig. 3 (A) is the neighbouring image block of target image block 111 spatially, and previous
The image block 111 for opening reference frame is the neighbouring image block of target image block 111 in time.In practice, digital N's determines
Several, such as hardware resource quantity, obtainable reference number may be had by determining factor.These movements adjacent to image block
Vector may be to be found out by being searched to entire reference frame, or the movement carried out a little earlier by search circuit 202
Compensation searching procedure is found out.Please refer to the example that Fig. 3 (A) and Fig. 3 (B) is presented.Assuming that target image block is image block
111, and N is set to four, then search area provides circuit 201 and can move the respective motion-vector of image block 107~110
To using the central point of image block 111 as starting point, as image block 111 four motion vector prediction values (with symbol PMV1
~PMV4Indicate), and four search area S are set in reference frame 900 accordingly1~S4。
In the example that Fig. 3 (B) is presented, search area S1~S4It is respectively with motion vector prediction value PMV1~PMV4's
The particular size region put centered on tail end.It should be noted that search area S1~SNCharacteristic (such as size and each side length)
Determinant may include, but are not limited to the relevance height of hardware resource quantity, neighbouring image block and target image block.One
In example, it is assumed that search circuit 202 can provide the search area in a particular duty cycle to the gross area for 64 pixel *, 64 pixel
The hardware resource of motion compensation searching procedure is carried out, and N is set to four, then search area, which provides circuit 201, can enable search model
Enclose S1~S4Respective size, which is averaged, is assigned as 32 pixel *, 32 pixel.It should be noted that the size or shape of N number of search area
Shape does not also need identical.For example, relative to image block 107,109, image block 108,110 range image blocks
111 is relatively close, relevance spatially is higher.Search area, which provides circuit 201, can maintain the gross area of all search areas not
Become, but distributes biggish search area (such as two sizes be respectively 32 pixel *, 48 pixel region) to motion vector prediction
Value PMV2、PMV4, distribute lesser search area (such as two sizes be respectively 32 pixel *, 16 pixel region) to it is mobile to
Measure predicted value PMV1、PMV3。
Then, search circuit 202 will provide the search area S that circuit 201 is set in search area1~SNIn moved
Dynamic compensation searching procedure, finds out a motion-vector whereby for target image block, that is, in search area S1~SNIn assess one by one
All possible motion-vector, to find out the motion-vector of wherein energy minimization residual error data quantity.As shown in Fig. 2 (B), electricity is searched
Road 202 is designed to comprising a N number of sub- search circuit 202A and selection circuit 202B.This little search circuit 202A can be parallel
Change ground and carries out motion compensation searching procedure, respective search area S1~SNIn one, and in each comfortable responsible search area
A regional motion-vector is found out (with symbol LMV1~LMVNIt indicates).Selection circuit 202B can be according to regional motion-vector
LMV1~LMVNN residual error data quantity corresponding with target image block is (with symbol RE1~RENIndicate), select residual error data quantity
Minimum regional motion-vector, as the motion-vector of output search circuit 202.
Then, encoder 203 can be according to the image data and mesh for the motion-vector, reference frame that search circuit 202 is found out
The image data for marking image block is target image block coding.It should be noted that being an image according to specified motion-vector
The implementation detail of block coding is not repeat known to persond having ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention in this.
The advantages of image processor 200 is, no matter target image block is relevance with which adjacent block
Higher (namely no matter which of multiple motion vector prediction values motion vector prediction value is more accurate), it is each corresponding
Search area can all be searched.Resource (such as searching the gross area is all 64 pixel *, 64 pixel) is being searched using equivalent
In the case of, compared to prior art according to single a motion vector prediction value, in carrying out motion compensation in single a search area
The way of searching procedure, even if motion vector prediction value PMV1~PMVNCorresponding search area may be smaller, image processing
Device 200 usually can still find out more preferably motion-vector.
Please refer to Fig. 4.In an embodiment, image processor 200 further includes a decision circuitry 204 and one and extends
Circuit 205.Decision circuitry 204 is to judge search area S1~SNIn whether there are two or more than two search area phase
Mutually overlapping.If the judging result of decision circuitry 204 be it is yes, extension circuit 205 will in addition select in self-reference frame not with search
Range S1~SNThe extension search area S of overlappingE, and make search circuit 202 when finding motion-vector, in addition to search area
S1~SN, also in extension search area SEMiddle progress motion compensation searching procedure.Fig. 5 (A)~Fig. 5 (C) presents several possible
Overlapping cases and the example for extending search area, are described as follows.
Referring initially to the example of Fig. 5 (A).Shown on the left of Fig. 5 (A), search area provides the search that circuit 201 provides
Range S3、S4Overlap (region for being labeled with diagonal line hatches).If search circuit 202 is respectively to search area S3、S4It imposes
Motion compensation searching procedure, the overlapping region will be searched the waste for causing calculation resources twice.Therefore, work as decision circuitry
204 determine search area S3、S4Meet overlay condition, extension circuit 205 can in addition select on the right side of Fig. 5 (A) shown in not with search
Seek range S1~S4The extension search area S of overlappingE, and request search circuit 202 when finding motion-vector, script can be used
Extend search area S for searching in the calculation resources for repeating to search the overlapping regionE.It should be noted that extending search area SE
Position and shape be all not limited to Fig. 5 (A) those shown.Extend search area SECharacteristic (such as position and shape) decision because
Element may include, but are not limited to the position and association of the mode being pre-designed, target image block relative to former neighbouring image block
Property height etc..For example, extend search area SEAlso search area S can be selected in3、S4Left side, such as Fig. 5 (B) institute
Show.In another example, selection extends search area SEPosition when, extension circuit 205 considers which region to find out preferable shifting in
The probability of moving vector is higher.For example, due to search area S1、S2Position is in search area S3、S4Left side, it is preferably mobile to
Measure present search area S3、S4The probability in left side, which is higher than, appears in search area S3、S4The probability on right side.Therefore, model is being searched
Enclose S3、S4Left side selected extend search area SEIt may be preferable.On the other hand, compared to irregular polygon, order is prolonged
Stretch search area SEShape be rectangle or square, be easier on the implementation.
In the example of Fig. 5 (C), search area provides the search area S that circuit 201 provides3、S4Identical, phase mutual respect
Folded (region for being labeled with diagonal line hatches), and extension circuit 205 is first from search area S3Central point extend an extension
Search area SE1.Then, decision circuitry 204 can operate again, judge search area S1~SNWith extension search area SE1In
Whether it is another there are two or more than two search area it is overlapped.As shown in Fig. 5 (C), extend search area SE1With search model
Enclose S2Overlap (region for being labeled with dot-hatched).Therefore, extension circuit 205 can be selected further as Fig. 5 (C) is most lower
Extend search area S shown in sideE2, and request search circuit 202 when finding motion-vector, in addition to search area S1~S4,
Also in extension search area SE1、SE2Middle progress motion compensation searching procedure.
In search area S1~SNIn have search area it is overlapped in the case where, extension circuit 205 can enable it is all extension search
Seek range SEThe gross area be equal to the gross areas of all overlapping regions, maintain the usage amount of calculation resources constant whereby.With regard to Fig. 5
It (A) is to enable extending search area S forEArea equation in search area S3、S4Overlapping region area.With regard to Fig. 5 (C)
For, then it is to enable extending search area SE1、SE2The gross area be equal to search area S3Area.
In practice, decision circuitry 204 is in judging search area S1~SNIn whether there are two or more than two search area
When overlapped, judge in addition to the coverage area of these search areas itself can be utilized, also using motion vector prediction value
PMV1~PMVNTail end be center point coordinates as judgment basis.More specifically, since the length and width of search area are usually
Number is known, if the spacing of two center point coordinates, less than a preset threshold, decision circuitry 204 can judge corresponding two searches
Range meets overlay condition.In practical application, decision circuitry 204 and extension circuit 205 can utilize various control and place
Platform is realized, comprising fixed or programmable logic circuit, such as programmable logic gate array, is directed to specific application
Integrated circuit, microcontroller, microprocessor, digital signal processor.Moreover, it is judged that circuit 204 and extension circuit 205 also may be used
It is designed to complete task through processor instruction stored in a memory (not being painted) is executed.
Please refer to Fig. 6.In an embodiment, in addition to the N number of sub- search circuit 202A and selection circuit being painted in Fig. 2 (B)
202B, search circuit 202 further include an allocation circuitry 202C.Allocation circuitry 202C is responsible for search area S1~SNWith prolong
Stretch search area SEThe N equal part not overlapped is equally assigned into according to size (with symbol S1'~SN' indicate), it is dispatched to N number of
Sub- search circuit 202A carries out motion compensation searching procedure to parallelization.
Please refer to Fig. 7.In an embodiment, decision circuitry 204 includes an a sample circuit 204A and comparison circuit 204B.
Sample circuit 204A is responsible for motion vector prediction value PMV1~PMVNQuantization moves back motion vector prediction value PMV to generate quantizationQ1
~PMVQN.When these motion vector prediction values are indicated with multiple binary bits or octadic bit, this quantization program can be considered as
Ignore lower significant bit, only considers higher significant bit.As long as the resolution of quantization selects proper, two motion vector predictions
The identical distance that is just equal to of the higher significant bit of value is closely attended the meeting so that its search area is overlapped.Therefore, comparison circuit
204B is to move back motion vector prediction value PMV to compare quantizationQ1~PMVQN.If wherein there is motion vector prediction value after M quantization
Identical (M is the integer greater than one), comparison circuit 204B determines that corresponding M search area meets overlay condition.
Another specific embodiment of the invention is a kind of image treatment method, and flow chart is depicted in Fig. 8.Firstly, step
Rapid S801 is to obtain N number of motion vector prediction value for a target image block, and set in a reference frame accordingly N number of corresponding
Search area, wherein N is integer greater than one.Then, step S802 is to carry out a motion compensation in N number of search area
Searching procedure finds out a motion-vector whereby for the target image block.Then, the motion-vector is to be somebody's turn to do according to step S803
Target image block coding.
Persond having ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention was it is understood that previously when introducing image processor 200
The various operation changes of description can also be applied to the image treatment method in Fig. 8, and details repeats no more.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, however, it is not to limit the invention, any this field skill
Art personnel, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when can make a little modification and perfect therefore of the invention protection model
It encloses to work as and subject to the definition of the claims.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of image processor, includes:
One search area provides circuit, to obtain N number of motion vector prediction value, and Yu Yican accordingly for a target image block
It examines and sets corresponding N number of search area in frame, wherein N is the integer greater than one；
One search circuit is whereby the target image respectively to carry out a motion compensation searching procedure in N number of search area
Block finds out a motion-vector；And
One encoder, to be the target image block coding according to the motion-vector.
2. image processor as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that N number of motion vector prediction value is the target shadow
As the respective motion-vector of N number of neighbouring image block of block.
3. image processor as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the search area provides circuit according to N number of neighbour
Nearly image block and the relevance of the target image block determine the characteristic of N number of search area respectively.
4. image processor as described in claim 1, further includes:
One decision circuitry, to judge in N number of search area whether there are two or more than two search area meet a weight
Folded condition；And
One extension circuit, if the judging result of the decision circuitry be it is yes, selected from the reference frame not with N number of search area weight
Folded one extends search area, and requests the search circuit when finding the motion-vector, in addition to N number of search area, also in
A motion compensation searching procedure is carried out in the extension search area.
5. image processor as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the extension circuit enables the total of the extension search area
Area is equal to the gross area of all overlapping regions of N number of search area.
6. image processor as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the extension circuit is N number of neighbouring according further to this
Image block and the relevance of the target image block determine the characteristic of the extension search area.
7. image processor as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the search circuit includes:
N number of sub- search circuit, to carry out the motion compensation searching procedure in parallel；And
One allocation circuitry does not weigh mutually N number of search area to be equally assigned into the extension search area according to size
Folded N equal part is dispatched to N number of sub- search circuit.
8. image processor as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the decision circuitry includes:
One sample circuit, to quantify N number of motion vector prediction value, to generate motion vector prediction value after N number of quantization；With
And
One comparison circuit, to compare motion vector prediction value after N number of quantization, if wherein there is motion-vector after M quantization pre-
Measured value is identical, then determines that corresponding M search area meets the overlay condition, M is the integer greater than one.
9. a kind of image treatment method, includes:
(a) N number of motion vector prediction value is obtained for a target image block, and sets corresponding N in a reference frame accordingly
A search area, wherein N is the integer greater than one；
(b) a motion compensation searching procedure is respectively carried out in N number of search area, finds out a shifting whereby for the target image block
Moving vector；And
It (c) is the target image block coding according to the motion-vector.
10. image treatment method as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that N number of motion vector prediction value is the target shadow
As the respective motion-vector of N number of neighbouring image block of block.
11. image treatment method as claimed in claim 9, further includes:
(d) judge in N number of search area whether there are two or more than two search area meet an overlay condition；
If (e) judging result of step (d) is yes, an extension not Chong Die with N number of search area is selected from the reference frame
Search area；And
(f) when finding the motion-vector, in addition to N number of search area, a mobile benefit is also carried out in the extension search area
Repay searching procedure.
12. image treatment method as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that step (e) includes to enable the extension search area
The gross area be equal to N number of search area all overlapping regions the gross area.
13. image treatment method as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that step (f) includes:
N number of search area and the extension search area are equally assigned into the N equal part not overlapped according to size, and utilized
N number of sub- searching procedure carries out to parallelization the motion compensation searching procedure.
14. image treatment method as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that step (d) includes:
N number of motion vector prediction value is quantified, to generate motion vector prediction value after N number of quantization；And
Motion vector prediction value determines if wherein there is motion vector prediction value after M quantization identical after comparing N number of quantization
Corresponding M search area meets the overlay condition, and M is the integer greater than one.
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Application publication date: 20190611 |