CN109869481A - Shift device for speed changer - Google Patents

Abstract

One kind being used for speed changer, the especially shift device of the dual clutch transmission of automatic transmission or automobile, at least one second shift drum that the second rotation axis rotationally support is roused and can surrounded at least one first shift that first rotation rotationally supports can be surrounded, at least one the first shift surface of at least one described first shift drum with the first induction element for the first transfer device, at least one the second shift surface of at least one described second shift drum with the second induction element for the second transfer device, wherein, first shift drum can be rotated by actuator motor.First shift drum and the second shift drum are rotatably connected to each other by least one changeable connection energy conservation.This makes it possible to save structure space and component.

Description

Shift device for speed changer

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of changing for the dual clutch transmission of speed changer, particularly automatic transmission or automobile Keep off equipment, the shift device has at least one the first shift drum rotatably supported around the first rotary shaft and around the At least one second shift drum that two rotary shafts rotatably support, at least one first shift drum have for the first transmitting At least one first shift surface of first induction element of device, and at least one second shift drum is passed with being used for second At least one second shift surface of second induction element of delivery device, which can axis about first rotary shaft It shifts or is supported swingingly to ground, wherein the first shift drum can be rotated by actuator motor.

Background technique

Automatic transmission is the manual transmission being extended by the shift component of automation.Automatic transmission and manually The essential distinction of speed changer is: shift is not executed by driver not instead of directly, (is caused by electric actuator or hydraulic actuator Dynamic device motor) it is performed.During shift, controlled clutch actuator disconnects tractive force, then by being stored in change The shift being calculated is transmitted to the shift transmission mechanism of speed changer, and speed change by the speed changer logic in fast device control device Device shifts to next higher or lower gear.

In most of automatic transmission, the function of shift and connection is discretely by separated, independent actuator Come what is realized.In many known shift devices, shift control and connection manipulation are hydraulically implemented.In order to realize hydraulic change Gear manipulation and connection manipulation, produce higher cost, because it is necessary that independent hydraulic actuation for each function Device and while needing possible accumulator, pipeline, sensor and valve.The complexity of system rises due to using hydraulic regulation unit It is high.Furthermore it is known that making drum rotation of shifting gears by the actuator of electric operation, wherein usually each shift drum is equipped with one A actuator.This is also associated with the part count of increase, the structure space demand of rising and raised control complexity.

A kind of hybrid transmission with the main shaft with shift drum is proposed in 2013/160156 A1 of WO, wherein It can be carried out the switching of gear and to the manipulation of clutch by shift drum.Second actuator from shift mode for being transformed into Linked model.

From a kind of gear shifting structure known to 196 35 867 C2 of DE, which is used for automatic transmission, wherein is equipped with Parallel function for separating and shifting gears.Worm gearing can be driven by actuator, the worm gearing The connection and disengagement of main clutch are activated by eccentric wheel, and are parallel to the shift selection course for driver herein, Middle assisted clutch is required.

9,163,723 B2 of US discloses a kind of actuator device, which is used for by shift drum and the One and second switching equipment gearshift and clutch are manipulated.First switching device forces control device by first And second switching device couples by the second pressure control device with shift drum.Shift drum and two coaxial cloth of switching equipment It sets, wherein shift drum is radially arranged between two switching equipments.

7,428,852 B2 of US discloses a kind of for executing the actuator mechanism of shift process in the car, the automobile With the first and second actuators drum rotatably supported.The shift reversal means of first selector fork is cooperated to the first shift cylinder In shift rod shifting block groove, and the shift reversal means of the second selector fork is cooperated to the shift rod shifting block groove of the second shift cylinder In, wherein each selector fork is applied on shifting element.From actuator mechanism as 7,487,691 B2 known class of US.

Summary of the invention

It is a kind of for speed changer, particularly the shift device of automatic transmission, the shift are set the task of the present invention is developing It is standby that less structure space and less component and lower control is needed to spend.

From the shift device in aforementioned field, which solves so according to the present invention, that is, the first shift drum and second The bulging connection energy conservation by least one, preferably positively controlled, changeable of shift is rotatably connected to each other.

It is proposed in the implementation modification that of the invention one is saved space and part, the first shift drum and the second shift drum phase Mutually it is coaxially arranged.

One actuator is only set for driving the first shift drum and the second shift drum.Therefore, only the first shift drum is direct It is driven by the actuator.When establishing rotation connection between the first shift drum and the second shift drum by the connection section, this Two shift drums are by the first shift drum driving.This makes it possible to save structure space and component.

In a better embodiment of the invention, the connection section third shift surface fixed via e.g. shell To force control.Therefore, when at least one connection section is put between releasing position and link position by that can surround lever shaft When dynamic ground, the connection lever being supported on the first shift drum are constituted, control can be spent and be kept as very low, the connection lever Third induction element with linking arm and the third shift surface guidance fixed by shell with pawl.The connection section because This is operated together with the first shift drum.

In an advantageous manner, the pawl of at least connection section is arranged in one towards the second shift drum of the first shift drum In the region of end face.When the lever shaft of connection section is arranged radially on the first shift drum, simple and section space-efficient is produced Construction.Therefore, third induction element may be arranged at the radial outer end of lever shaft, so that the third induction element and e.g. ring Shape, fixed third shift surface one is worked, which shifts gears surface with for example along the side of the rotation axis of shift drum To the axis lug boss, recessed portion, slope or the like of construction.In the first shift drum rotation, third induction element ground (pressure Cross) the fixed third shift surface of shell, wherein connection lever axial deflection due to the lug boss, recessed portion or slope.It should Movement causes the corresponding deflection of linking arm, and thus pawl is caused to deflect.

It is proposed in of the invention one simple implementation deformation, the second shift drum, which has, to be preferably made of sector gear At least one driven tooth, wherein pawl acts at driven tooth in link position, thus second shift drum with first shift Drum at least rotation connection in one direction.Rotation connection is drawn by the connection of the shape cooperation between pawl and driven tooth herein It rises.

In order to enable being able to carry out in each position of connection lever and in each turned position of the first shift drum Control is forced, is proposed in a form of implementation of the invention, connection lever is carried out by connecting spring along the direction of link position It squeezes.

Itd is proposed in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, connection section link position in, second shift drum with First shift drum is rotated along direction of rotation to be connected, and the second shift drum is along opposite direction of rotation and the first shift drum rotation point From.Therefore connection section works as one-way clutch, wherein along the bulging direction of rotation of the first shift, pass through pawl and driven tooth Between shape cooperation generate with second shift drum drive connection, and along another direction of rotation two shift drum between from By rotary motion be possible.

It is proposed in further improvement of the present invention, the first shift drum has the first connection section and the second connection section, wherein The two connection sections are arranged so that the second shift drum with the first shift drum along the first direction of rotation by its link position In first connection section rotation connection, and second shift drum with first shift drum along the second direction of rotation by be in its connect The second connection section rotation connection in position.Take this, independently of third shift surface the section pressed through by third induction element, The different direction of rotation of second shift drum can be connected or be latched.

In order to avoid unintentionally being rotated in connection section transition period second shift drum, it is advantageous to which the second shift drum is at least Stop position with restriction, at least one connection energy conservation is taken in link position in the stop position of the restriction, wherein In the stop position, at least one of stop section is preferably cooperated in stop notch by the detent that retaining spring loads. Particularly advantageous here is stop section is fixed on shell, and stop notch is made up of the second shift drum.

Particularly advantageously, the first transfer device is effectively connect at least one friction clutch.First transfer device can Thus mechanical connection section is applied to above, to be e.g. applied on connection lever.In another implementation modification of the invention, first is passed Delivery device is hydraulic type, and have fluid pressure line, with for rousing side hydraulic active cylinder and clutch side it is hydraulic from Hydraulic connecting between dynamic cylinder.

Furthermore it is proposed that, the second transfer device for being preferably made of selector fork and at least one shifting element, such as It is the effectively connection of shift tooth set.

The shift device is particularly suitable for automatic transmission and dual clutch transmission.Become in an implementation of the invention Itd is proposed in type, speed changer have at least two shift devices, wherein each shift device have at least one first shift drum and At least one coaxially arranged second shift is roused with the first shift drum, wherein the first shift drum of each shift device passes through correspondence Actuator motor be revolvable, and wherein first shift drum and second shift drum via at least one changeable connection It saves and can connect mutually rotatingly.By this method, so that realizing multiple changeable transmission gears by lower cost It is possible.

Another implementation modification proposition of the invention, at least two first drums are respectively provided with the 4th for the 4th induction element Shift surface, wherein the 4th shifting element and the parking lock operation apparatus of parking lock connect, wherein pressing through the 4th shift The 4th induction element is supported in same direction against the first case spring to work along the locking direction of the parking lock when surface Power is applied on the parking lock operation apparatus.In this manner it is possible to by simple means realize for unclamp parking lock compared with Big opening force.

The parking lock is taken in locked position of coupler by the first case spring or is maintained in locked position of coupler.In contrast, parking The release of lock is carried out by the rotation of the first shift drum, wherein two first the oblique of the 4th bulging shift surface of shifting gears The lug boss of ramp shaped deflects parking manoeuvres device along the direction contrary with being latched.As a result, only when two first are shifted gears When drum occupies such rotation position, the locking of parking lock is only possible, and the 4th shift surface is to the in the rotation position The unloading of four induction elements, and take this parking lock operation apparatus and taken in locked position of coupler by the first case spring.

An implementation modification proposition of the invention, parking lock have can shape-ordinatedly be cooperated in locking section at least one A blocking element, the blocking element is swingable or is movably supported between releasing position and locked position of coupler, wherein the locking Element can be deflected along the direction of locked position of coupler by parking lock operation apparatus.The blocking element and locking section can be jaw clutch herein The clutch part of device to correspond to each other, can shape-ordinatedly be connected with each other.A part in two parts (such as is closed Lock section) it rotates fix with the jackshaft of speed changer herein, another part (such as blocking element) is anti-rotatably, movably or can It is supported swingingly in the housing.

In locked position of coupler, the tooth tip cooperation of pawl is latched in the backlash of locking section.In the rotation position of axis, parking lock Activation become difficult sometimes, in the rotation position be latched pawl tooth tip and locking section tooth tip it is relative to each other.It is thus impossible to Locking pawl is taken in locked position of coupler completely.In order to become easy the activation of parking lock, therefore can be of the invention further It is proposed in improvement, the pressure of at least one longitudinal elasticity is disposed in the operating path between the 4th induction element and locking pawl Element.Particularly advantageously, pressure elements has pressure body, which is against the second locking bullet along the effect of locking direction The power of spring is deflectable.Preferably, the first case spring has the spring stiffness bigger than the second case spring.

Detailed description of the invention

Next according in unrestricted embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further explained.In attached drawing, signal Ground is shown:

Fig. 1 shows the automatic transmission of the first application for shift device according to the present invention, and shift is not shown Drum；

Fig. 2 shows the shift device structures according to the present invention implemented in modification first；

Fig. 3 shows the shift device with the section that the line III-III according to fig. 2 takes；

Fig. 4 shows the shift device with the section that the line IV-IV according to fig. 2 takes；

Fig. 5 a) shift device in the different turned positions in the first shift drum, from Fig. 4 is shown to Fig. 5 c) Details V；

Fig. 6 a) shift device in the different turned positions in the first shift drum, from Fig. 4 is shown to Fig. 6 c) Details VI；

Fig. 7 a) shift device in the different turned positions in the first shift drum, from Fig. 4 is shown to Fig. 7 c) Details VII；

Fig. 8 a) and Fig. 8 b) the shift principle of the shift device is shown；

Fig. 9 shows the automatic transmission of the second application for shift device according to the present invention, i.e. double clutch Shift drum is not shown in formula speed changer；

Figure 10, which is shown, implements the shift device structure according to the present invention in modification second；

Figure 11 shows the shift device with the section taken according to the line XI-XII in Figure 10；

Figure 12 a) and Figure 12 b) show the shift device shift drum A and B shift principle；

Figure 13 a) and Figure 13 b) show the shift device shift drum C and D shift principle；

Figure 14, which is shown, implements the shift device according to the present invention in modification in third, which has integrated stay Lock；

Figure 15 shows the parking lock from Figure 14 in the first running position；

Figure 16 shows the parking lock from Figure 14 in the second running position；

Figure 17 shows the parking lock from Figure 14 in third running position；

Figure 18 a) and Figure 18 b) show the shift device shift drum A and B shift principle；

Figure 19 a) and Figure 19 b) show the shift device shift drum C and D shift principle；

Figure 20 shows the automatic transmission of the another application for shift device according to the present invention, i.e., automatic mixing Shift drum is not shown in speed changer；

Figure 21 a) and Figure 21 b) show shift device for the application shift drum A and B shift principle；

Figure 22 shows the automatic transmission of the another application occasion for shift device according to the present invention, i.e., automatic mixing Shift drum is not shown in dual clutch transmission；

Figure 23 shows the shift device according to the present invention in the 4th implementation modification；

Figure 24 a) and Figure 24 b) show the shift device shift drum A and B shift principle；

Figure 25 a) and Figure 25 b) show the shift device shift drum C and D shift principle；

Figure 26 to Figure 28 shows the various structures of the connection section between the first and second shift drums.

The identical component of function is equipped with identical appended drawing reference in each implementation modification.

Specific embodiment

Fig. 1 shows the automatic transmission 10 for automobile.The speed changer 10 includes shell 19, input shaft 11 and driving Axis 13, the input shaft 11 are connect with engine 12 (e.g. internal combustion engine).

The speed changer 10 includes five forward G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, a retreating gear constructed by turning gear Ra Position R, the changeable friction clutch C1 with shift casing and three clutch C2 with shift casing 56,66,76, C3,C4.The changeable friction clutch C1 can mechanically or hydraulically be passed by shift casing 46 by the first of shift device 30 Delivery device 40 is manipulated.Clutch C2, C3, C4 can by shift casing 56,66,76 by shift device 30 for example by changing Second transfer device 50,60,70 of gear shift fork construction is manipulated.

The vibration damper at input shaft 11 is indicated with appended drawing reference 29, and is indicated and jackshaft 15 with appended drawing reference 27 Differential mechanism in drive connection.

Fig. 2 shows the shift device structure 300 with shift device 30, which is arranged to rub to changeable It wipes clutch C1 and clutch C2, C3, C4 is controlled.The remainder of speed changer 10 is not shown in Fig. 2.Shift is set Standby 30, which have first to shift gears, rouses the shift drum of A and second B.First, which shifts gears, which rouses A, can surround rotation axis 31a by actuator motor 38 Rotation.The the second shift drum B rotatably supported around rotation axis 32a in axial direction, with the first shift rouses A coaxially cloth It sets before or after the first shift drum, and does not have individual actuator motor, but shifted gears by first and rouse A driving. First, which shifts gears, rouses A has the first shift surface for being used for the first induction element 41 at the end face 31b for the drum B that shifts gears backwards to second 314, and the second shift drum B has the second shift surface 325,326,327 for the every of the second transfer device 50,60,70 A second induction element 51；61；71 guide.Induction element 41,51,61,71 can pass through guide reel, guide gear or guide block structure At, wherein the guide reel, guide gear or guide block in the contact areas can be with corresponding shift surfaces 314,325,326,327 1 With playing cylinder or spherically formed.First shift surface 314 is made up of shift convex block 37, and the shift convex block 37 is in the drum A that shifts gears Backwards to second shift gears drum B first end face 31b at.The second shift drum B's guided to by pressure in second shift surface 325,326,327 At least one shift rod shifting block groove 35 in the 32d of enclosure surface is constituted.Shift rod shifting block groove, which refers to, is impressed into first Side in the enclosure surface 31d, 32d of B, with the relatively opposed shift surface in composition two sides is roused in the shift of drum A or second of shifting gears The groove in face, the side have the extension definitely defined along circumferential direction with axial direction.Shift convex block 37 refers to herein Unilateral type face, the unilateral type face for bulging endface of especially shifting gears, constructs the shift surface for induction element.

Shift surface 314,325,326,327 and induction element 41,51,61,71 are used for from transfer device 40,50,60,70 Axial deflection, shaft coupling C1, C2, C3, C4 (or shaft brake) are allowed hand over by the transfer device, that is, can be activated It (such as being closed) or is deactivated (such as being opened).It is clear that multiple second transfer devices 50,60,70 in such as such as Fig. 2 It can move or deflect along the axial direction for rousing the rotation axis 32a of B of shifting gears about second by the second shift drum B.As a result, Second shift surface 325,326,327 of the peripheral region of the two shift rod shifting block grooves 35 shifted gears on drum B belongs to each second Transfer device 50,60,70.

Fig. 8 a) and Fig. 8 b) the cylinder expansion that the enclosure surface 31d, 32d of B are roused in the first shift shift of drum A and second is shown.

As in Fig. 8 a it is clear that first shift gears drum A have in the first embodiment with the first shift surface 314 the One shift check plate 310.The first shift surface 314 for connecting the first induction element 41 of section 40 is arranged in the first shift drum At the first end face 31b of A, and it is made of axial, the shift convex block 37 namely along the direction fixed wheel exterior feature of rotation axis 31a.

First shift surface 314 of the first induction element 41 for the first selector fork 40 has first slope section 314a With the second slope section 314b.Described slope section 314a, 314b, which are used to shift gears when drum A rotates first, makes the first selector fork 40 exist Axial deflection on first induction element 41.

As shown in Fig. 8 b), second, which shifts gears, rouses B has the second shift check plate 320 in the first embodiment, with by list It is that an only shift rod shifting block groove 35 is constructed, for the second transfer device 50,60,70 second, third and the 4th Second shift surface 324,325,326 of induction element 51,61,71, wherein shift surface 325,326,327 is arranged in second In the different peripheral edge margins of shift rod shifting block groove 35 at the enclosure 32d of shift drum B.The same shift can be passed through whereby Fork shaft shifting block groove 35 controls induction element 51,61,71.

In Fig. 8 a) and Fig. 8 b) in charged to respectively first shift drum A and second shift gears drum B drive range.First shift Thus drum A has drive range S31 (1 to 5), second shifts gears drum B with drive range S32 (1 to 11).

As shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 7, the rotation connection that first, which shifts gears, rouses between the shift drum of A and second B passes through the company that can be switched Section 20 is connect to carry out, wherein each connection section 20 around lever axis 210a, 220a in releasing position and the first shift by that can rouse The connection lever 210,220 being supported swingingly between link position on A is constituted.Connection section 20 is therefore disposed on the first shift drum The direction second of A is shifted gears in the region for rousing the end face 31c of B.As occurred in Fig. 4, it is equipped with the first connection in the first embodiment Section 201 and the second connection section 202, the first connection section and the second connection section are along different relative rotation directions in the first shift Drum A and second shifts gears to rouse to work between B.The lever axis of first connection lever 210 and the second connection lever 220 as a result, The rotation axis 31a that 210a, 220a radially shift gears drum A about first is arranged.Each connection lever 210,220, which has, has spine The third induction element that the linking arm 212,222 of pawl 213,223 and the third shift surface 334,335 fixed by shell guide 211,221.Third shifts gears surface 334,335 with axial projection lift, and the convex block lift by third induction element when being pressed through Cause the deflection for connecting lever 210,220, and thus causes pawl 213,223 against being made of connecting spring 214,224 The deflection of returning place force.Connecting spring 214,224 prevents third induction element 211,221 from rising from third shift surface 334,335.

As schematically illustrated in Fig. 7 a) to Fig. 7 c) and Fig. 8 b, second shifts gears drum B at the end of its direction the first shift drum A There is axially projecting driven tooth 33 and the recessed portion 34 between driven tooth 33, the driven tooth construction and cloth at the 32c of face It is set to so that the pawl 213,223 of each connection section 20 cooperates at driven tooth 33 in link position, thus the second shift drum B Drum A is shifted gears at least along a direction of rotation rotation connection with first.

In Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, by the different rotation positions for a), b) and c) showing the first shift drum A.

Thus Fig. 5 shows the mistake that third shift surface 334 is pressed through by the third induction element 211 of the first connection lever 210 Journey.Shell fixed third shift surface 335 is shown to be pressed through by the third induction element 221 of the second connection lever 220 in Fig. 6. Fig. 7 for first shift gears drum A rotation position a), the connection state of corresponding connection section 201,202 b) and c) is shown.Fig. 5 a, Thus Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 a show two connections and save 201,202 completely disengaged states, and Fig. 5 b, Fig. 6 b, Fig. 7 b show the first company The link position of section 201 is connect, thus the second shift drum B shifts gears drum A along the direction of rotation driving indicated by arrow D by first.Figure 5c, Fig. 6 c, Fig. 7 c show one-way clutch situation: the first connection section 201 is taken in coupled position by third shift surface 334.It is logical The direction of rotation reversion of the first shift drum A is crossed, the third induction element 211 of the first connection lever 210 is also by the second shift drum B Driven tooth 33 rise, therefore first shift gears drum A and second shift gears drum B between there is no torque transfer.

For the rotation for avoiding the undesirable of the second shift drum B in disengaged condition and during connection procedure and not limiting Turn, second shifts gears drum B with locked position of coupler, can take at least one connection section 20 in link position in the locked position of coupler. In the locked position of coupler, at least one Lock pawl 23 of the fixed stop section 24 of shell loaded by case spring 22 is cooperated to In the lock notch 25 of second shift drum B.Rousing backwards to the first shift for the second gear shift drum B is arranged in the lock notch 25 as a result, End face 32d on, such as occur in Fig. 8.

By shift device 30 and two shifts drum A, B, following change is able to achieve in the case where speed changer 10 shown in Fig. 1 Gear:

Gear

A

B

C1

C2

C3

C4

R

1 or 5

1

X

L

G1

1 or 5

3

X

R

G2

1 or 5

5

X

L

G3

1 or 5

7

X

R

G4

1 or 5

9

X

L

G5

1 or 5

11

X

R

Thus the drive range S31 of the first shift drum A being drawn into Fig. 8 a) is charged in " A " column, and in " B " column Charge to the drive range S32 of the second shift drum B being drawn into Fig. 8 b)." X " respectively indicates (closure) the connection position of activation It sets.Referring to Fig.1, indicate that the corresponding shift tooth of clutch C2, C3, C4 cover 56,66,76 left position with " L ", with " R " table Show location right.

Speed changer 10 shown in Fig. 9 has 7 forward ranges G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7 and a retrogressing gear R, wherein input shaft 11 can be driven by the first friction clutch C1 and the second friction clutch C2 of multiple clutch 17 and first Moving axis 13 or the connection of the second drive shaft 14.Two friction clutches C1, C2 of multiple clutch 17 are opened (often in stationary state It opens, normally open).The speed changer 10 includes shell 19, input shaft 11, the first drive shaft 13 and the second drive shaft 14, The input shaft 11 is connect with engine 12 (e.g. internal combustion engine).The guidance of input shaft 11 is described by two drive shafts 13 and 14 Two drive shafts are embodied as hollow shaft.The drive shaft 13,14 can by different, changeable gear G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, R and jackshaft 15,16 are drivingly connected with differential mechanism 27.

Figure 10 shows the shift with two shift devices 30a, 30b constructing being adjacently positionedly, substantially the same and sets Standby structure 300.The shift device structure 300 is used for: on the one hand to the every of multiple clutch 17 in speed changer 10 shown in Fig. 9 A friction clutch C1, C2 are controlled, and on the other hand between different gear G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, R Execute gear switching.

First transfer device 40a, 40b of the manipulation of friction clutch C1, C2 for multiple clutch 17 is hydraulic class Type, and the hydraulic connecting being respectively provided between the hydraulic active cylinder 43 for rousing side and the hydraulic slave cylinder 44 of clutch side Fluid pressure line 42.

Each shift device 30a, the 30b for the shift device structure 300 drawn in Figure 10, which have, corresponds to reality shown in Fig. 2 Apply the first shift drum A of the description of mode；C and second, which shifts gears, rouses B；D.It is to pass through actuator motor respectively that first, which shifts gears, which rouses A, C, 38 (M1, M2) can be around rotation axis 31a rotation.

Shift surface 314,325,326,327,328 and induction element 41a, 41b, 51,61,71,81 are used to fill from transmitting The axial deflection of 40a, 40b, 50,60,70,80 is set, shaft coupling C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 or C6 (or shaft brake) pass through the biography Delivery device can be switched, that is, activation (being for example closed) is deactivated and (for example opened).As clearly, second passes in Figure 10 Delivery device 50,80 shifts gears drum D by second by the second shift drum B and the second transfer device 50 to 70 can be about the second shift The rotation axis 32a of drum B, D are in axial direction moved or are deflected.

Parking lock is indicated with appended drawing reference 90, which has the locking section 99 that can be shape-ordinatedly cooperated to axis fixation In blocking element 92, which can rotate between releasing position and locked position of coupler or movably support, wherein close Element 92 and locking section 99 are locked for example it is so structured that the coefficient clutch part of jaw clutch.Locking section 99 can be by This is constituted by rotating the first blade tooth wheel being permanently connected with jackshaft 16, as shown in Figure 9.Blocking element 92 can be by Between can move axially on axis 16 but the second blade tooth wheel of anti-rotating, by being pivotally supported in the shell 19 of speed changer 10 Lock pawl 92a or the locking lock device movably supported in the shell are constituted, and are cooperated to the corresponding recessed of locking section 99 In mouth 99a.The manipulation of parking lock 90 is carried out by parking lock operation apparatus 93.In the operating path of manipulation device 93, closing The pressure elements 95 of longitudinal elasticity is disposed between locking bar 94 and blocking element 92.It is, for example, cone that the pressure elements 95, which has, Or spherical pressure body 96, the pressure body 96 can resist the power of the compression spring 97 along the effect of locking direction.Pressure elements 95 will Blocking element 92 is flexibly pressed against locking section 99, and makes parking lock 90 in the unfavorable position of locking section 99 and blocking element 92 It also can mutually be activated in setting.

Figure 11 is schematically illustrated in the position of the shift device structure 300 in speed changer 10 shown in Fig. 9.

In Figure 12 a) and Figure 12 b) in charged to respectively shift device structure 300 shown in Fig. 10 first shift gears drum A and Second, which shifts gears, rouses the drive range of B.Thus first, which shifts gears, which rouses A, has drive range S31 (1 to 5), the second shift drum B, which has, to be changed Gear sets S32 (1 to 7).The second shift rod shifting block groove 35 for shifting gears drum B has in peripheral region is used for transfer device 60 and 80 Induction element 61 and 81 separation second shift surface 326 and 238.

In Figure 13 a) and Figure 13 b) in charged to respectively shift device structure 300 first shift gears drum C and second shift gears drum D Drive range.Thus first, which shifts gears, which rouses C, has drive range T31 (1 to 5), second shifts gears drum D with drive range T32 (1 To 7).The second shift rod shifting block groove 35 for shifting gears drum D has the induction element for transfer device 50 and 70 in peripheral region Second shift surface 325 and 327 of 51 and 71 separation.

The difference of shift device structure 300 shown in Figure 14 and shift device structure 300 shown in Fig. 10 is, adds Ground, parking lock 90 also shift gears drum A, C by first to manipulate.

First shift drum A, C is respectively provided with being made of here shift convex block 37, for the 4th induction element 91 as a result, 4th shift surface 319, wherein the 4th induction element 91 is connect with the parking lock operation apparatus 93 of parking lock 90.It is pressing When crossing the 4th shift surface 319, the 4th induction element 91 is in same direction against working along the locking direction of parking lock 90 The power of first case spring 98 is applied on parking lock operation apparatus 93.It is used in this manner it is possible to be realized by simple means In the biggish opening force for unclamping parking lock 90.

Parking lock has the blocking element 92 that can be shape-ordinatedly cooperated in locking section 99, which can release It puts and swings between position and locked position of coupler or movably support.The blocking element 92 can be along locking by parking lock operation apparatus 93 The power of the direction of position against return spring F deflect.Parking lock operation apparatus 93 is furthermore in the 4th induction element 91 and locking pawl Between operating path in at least one longitudinal elasticity pressure elements 95, the pressure elements 95 have tapered pressure body 96 With compression spring 97.92 elasticity of blocking element is pressed against locking section 99 by pressure elements 95, and parking lock 90 is being latched It also can mutually be activated in the unfavorable position of section 99 and blocking element 92.

Blocking element 92 and locking section 99 can for example be configured to the clutch part of the interaction of jaw clutch.Locking Thus section 99 can be constituted by rotating the first blade tooth wheel being permanently connected with jackshaft 16, as shown in Figure 9.Blocking element 92 can be with By the second blade tooth wheel, the shell by being pivotally supported at speed changer 10 that can move axially still anti-rotating on jackshaft 16 Lock pawl 92a in 19 or the locking lock device movably supported in the shell are constituted, and are cooperated to pair of locking section 99 In the recess 99a answered.

Parking lock 90 is taken in locked position of coupler by the first case spring 98 or is maintained in locked position of coupler.On the contrary, parking lock 90 release is carried out by the rotation of one or both of first shift drum A, C, wherein two first shift gears drum A, C The lug boss of the ramped shaped on the 4th shift surface 319 deflects parking operation device 93 in the opposite direction with locking.As a result, only When two first shifts drum A, C occupy such rotation position, the locking of parking lock 90 be only it is possible, in the rotation position In the 4th shift surface 319 to the 4th induction element 91 unload, and therefore parking lock operation apparatus 93 by the first case spring 98 take in locked position of coupler.By being rotated while two first shift drum A, C, king-sized opening force can be applied to and be stayed On lock manipulation device 93.

It is shown specifically parking lock 90 in Figure 15-Figure 17 and passes through the manipulation of first shift drum A, C.Figure 15 shows place as a result, In the parking lock of dead status, wherein parking lock operation apparatus 93 is shifted gears by the first of the right rouses the 4th shift surface 319 of A It is risen against the returning place force of case spring 98.Figure 16 and Figure 17 is shown be active in parking lock 90, wherein parking lock Manipulation device 93 is unloaded by the 4th shift surface 319, and is therefore squeezed by case spring 98 along the direction of locked position of coupler. However, the Lock pawl 92a of blocking element 92 is located on the tooth 99b of locking section 99, and therefore can't cooperate in Figure 16 Into recess 99a, thus pressure elements 95 is flexibly squeezed together, wherein pressure body 96 is expressed to by compression spring 97 and is closed It locks on element 92.Only when locking section 99 slightly rotates again with jackshaft 16, Lock pawl 92a can just be cooperated to locking section 99 Recess 99a in, thus parking lock 90 is now currently located in locked position of coupler P.

Be shown respectively in Figure 18 and Figure 19 shift device structure 300 shown in Figure 14, with Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown in class As first shift gears drum A, C and second shift gears drum B, D drive range.Figure 18 a) and Figure 19 a) now with Figure 12 a) and Figure 13 a) Difference be: the first drum A and C that shifts gears additionally has shift convex block 37 respectively, which, which has, draws for the 4th The shift surface 319 of guiding element 91.Thus each 4th shift surface 319 has ramped shaped region, induction element 91 is by being somebody's turn to do Ramped shaped region can in axial direction deflect.

The shift device structure 300 of A, B, C, D are roused by having to shift gears shown in Figure 14, speed changer shown in Fig. 9 10 are able to achieve following shift:

Gear

A

B

C

D

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

P

3

1-7

3

1-7

R

2-4

1-7

1、5

1

X

R

N

2、4

1-7

2、4

1-7

G1

1、5

1

2-4

1-7

X

L

G2

2-4

1-7

1、5

3

X

R

G3

1、5

3

2-4

1-7

X

L

G4

2-4

1-7

1、5

5

X

L

G5

1、5

5

2-4

1-7

X

R

G6

2-4

1-7

1、5

7

X

L

G7

1、5

7

2-4

1-7

X

R

The first shift shift of drum A, C and second shown in Figure 18 and Figure 19 is charged in " A ", " B ", " C ", " D " column as a result, Drive range S31, S32, T31, T32 of drum B, D." X " indicates the coupled position of the activation (closure) of friction clutch C1, C2. Referring to Fig. 9, indicate that the corresponding shift tooth of clutch C3, C4, C5, C6 cover 56,66,76,86 left position with " L ", with " R " Indicate location right.

Figure 20 shows the speed changer 10 for being embodied as automatic hybrid transmission, the speed changer 10 tool there are five forward G1, G2, G3, G4, G5 and a retrogressing gear R, for this purpose, motor MG can by two alternate speed changer grade E1, E2, by clutch Device C5 is connected to supplement for torque.In addition, passing through the pure electricity operation of two alternate speed changer grades E1, E2 by motor MG It is possible.Similar with speed changer 10 shown in FIG. 1, changeable friction clutch C1 can be by having two via shift casing 46 Mechanically or hydraulically transfer device 40 is manipulated the first of the shift device 30 of a shift gears drum A, B.Clutch C2, C3, C4 can lead to Cross shift casing 56,66,76 by shift device 30 the second transfer device 50,60,70 being for example made of selector fork into Row manipulation.Shift device structure 300 is constructively similarly effected with shown in Fig. 2, and as a result, but second shifts gears drum B at it There are multiple shift rod shifting block groove 35a, 35b, 35c, shift principle as shown in Figure 21 is in the reality at the 32d of enclosure surface It applies and quotes in mode.

As in Figure 21 b) it is clear that for clutch C2 and C3 induction element 51,61 second shift surface 325, 326b is made of the shift rod shifting block groove 35a in the middle and upper part Figure 21 b).Clutch C2 and C3 is from there through the same shift Fork shaft shifting block groove 35a is switched over.Second shift 327 He of surface of the induction element 71 and 81 for clutch C4 and C5 328 are made of individual shift rod shifting block groove 35b, 35c.

It can be realized following change by speed changer 10 shown in Figure 20 (P3 hybrid transmission) and the shift device 30 Gear:

Gear

A

B

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

E！

2-4

5

L

L

E“

2-4

7

L

R

R+E1

1、5

1

X

L

L

G1+E1

1、5

3

X

R

L

G2+E1

1、5

5

X

L

L

G2

1、5

6

X

L

G2+E2

1、5

7

X

L

R

G3+E2

1、5

9

X

R

R

G4+E2

1、5

11

X

L

R

G5+E2

1、5

13

X

R

R

As a result, " A ", " B " column in charge to the first shift drum A and second shift gears drum B shown in drive range S31, S32." X " indicates the coupled position of the activation (closure) of friction clutch C1.Referring to Figure 20, with " L " indicate clutch C2, C3, The corresponding shift tooth of C4, C5 cover 56,66,76,86 left position, indicate location right with " R ".

Figure 22 is similar to Figure 20 and shows the speed changer 10 for being embodied as automatic hybrid transmission, but has seven advances here Gear G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7 and a retrogressing gear R, for this purpose, motor MG can turn on to supplement for torque.With Fig. 9 Shown in speed changer 10 similarly, input shaft 11 can pass through the first friction clutch C1 of multiple clutch 17 (normally opened) and second Friction clutch C2 is connect with the first drive shaft 13 or the second drive shaft 14.The speed changer 10 includes shell 19, input shaft 11, the One drive shaft 13 and the second drive shaft 14, the input shaft 11 are connect with engine 12 (e.g. internal combustion engine).Input shaft 11 draws Two drive shafts 13 and 14 were connected, described two drive shafts are embodied as hollow shaft.The drive shaft 13,14 can by it is different, Changeable gear G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, R and jackshaft 15,16 and differential mechanism 27 is drivingly connected.

Figure 23 shows the shift device structure 300 with two shift devices 30a, 30b being disposed adjacently.The shift is set Standby structure 300 is used for: on the one hand to each friction clutch C1, C2 of multiple clutch 17 in the speed changer 10 shown in Figure 22 It is controlled, and on the other hand executes gear switching between different gear G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, R.

For manipulate multiple clutch 17 friction clutch C1, C2 first transfer device 40a, 40b in the shown reality Applying is mechanical type in example.

The shift device 30a for the shift device structure 300 drawn in Figure 23 has the first shift shift drum of drum A and second B. First, which shifts gears, which rouses A, can be rotated around rotation axis 31a by actuator motor 38 (M1).Second shift drum B is implemented here For tool, there are two shift rod shifting block groove 35a, 35b, wherein a shift rod shifting block groove 35a is constructed for second Second shift surface 326 of induction element 61, and another shift rod shifting block groove 37a is constructed for the second induction element 81 Second shift surface 328, it is such as visible from Figure 23 and Figure 24 b.

The shift device 30b of the shift device structure 300 has the first shift shift drum of drum C and second D, wherein this is another The first of one shift device 30b shifts gears drum C can be around corresponding rotation axis 31a rotation by actuator motor 38 (M2).The Two shift gears drum D with unique shift rod shifting block groove 35, wherein the shift rod shifting block groove 35 is constructed for second Induction element 51 second shift surface 325 and for the second induction element 71 second shift gears surface 327, such as from Figure 23 and figure 25b is visible.

By described shown in speed changer 10 shown in Figure 22 (P2.5 automatic double clutch formula hybrid transmission) and Figure 23 Shift device structure 300 is able to achieve with lower gear:

Gear

A

B

C

D

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

P

6

1

6

1

X

X

R

L

R

2-4

1-7

1、5

1

X

R

N

2、4

1-7

2、4

1-7

G1

1、5

1

2-4

1-7

X

L

G2

2-4

1-7

1、5

3

X

R

G3

1、5

3

2-4

1-7

X

L

G4

2-4

1-7

1、5

5

X

L

G5

1、5

5

2-4

1-7

X

R

G6

2-4

1-7

1、5

7

X

L

G7

1、5

7

2-4

1-7

X

R

The first shift shift of drum A, C and second shown in Figure 24 and Figure 25 is charged in " A ", " B ", " C ", " D " column as a result, Drive range S31, S32, T31, T32 of drum B, D." X " indicates the coupled position of the activation (closure) of friction clutch C1, C2. Referring to Fig. 9, indicate that the corresponding shift tooth of clutch C3, C4, C5, C6 cover 56,66,76,86 left position with " L ", with " R " Indicate location right.

Figure 26, which schematically illustrates to shift gears with coaxially arranged first, rouses an implementation modification of the shift drum of A and second B, institute Stating the first shift shift drum of drum A and second B can be connected with each other by the connection section 20 of axial action.The embodiment substantially with Structure shown in Fig. 2, Figure 10, Figure 14 and Figure 23 is corresponding.

Figure 27 shows a replacement and implements modification, and in the implementation modification, the first shift drum A, which equally shifts gears with second, rouses B It is coaxially arranged, but wherein connection section 20 radially correspond to shown in arrow be manipulated, and generate first shift gears drum A Axis 31a' and second shift gears drum B between rotation connect.

Another implementation modification is schematically illustrated in Figure 28, in the implementation modification, the rotation axis 31a for drum A, the B that shift gears, 32a is parallel to each other to be arranged at certain intervals.Connection section 20 axially or radially is applied to connection speed changer G, is, for example, tooth as a result, It takes turns in grade, and the rotation generated between the first shift shift drum of drum A and second B connects.As according to described in Fig. 4 to Fig. 7, The control of connection section 20 is carried out by the third shift surface 334,335 of shell 19.

Claims (19)

1. one kind is for speed changer (10), particularly automatic transmission or the shift device of the dual clutch transmission of automobile (30；30a, 30b), the shift device have rotatably support around first rotation (31a) at least one first Shift gears drum (A；C at least one the second shift drum (B) and around the second rotation axis (32a) rotatably supported；D), described At least one first shift drum first is changed at least one of the first induction element (41) for the first transfer device (40) It keeps off surface (314), at least one described second shift drum is with the second guidance for the second transfer device (50,60,70,80) At least one second shift surface (325,326,327,328) of element (51,61,71,81), wherein the first shift drum (A；C it) can be rotated by actuator motor (33), which is characterized in that described first, which shifts gears, rouses (A；C it) is roused with second shift (B；D) pass through at least one, preferably positively controlled changeable connection section (20；It 201,201) can rotatably connected to each other.

2. shift device (30 as described in claim 1；30a, 30b), which is characterized in that described first, which shifts gears, rouses (A；C) and Described second, which shifts gears, rouses (B；D it) is coaxially arranged.

3. shift device (30 as claimed in claim 1 or 2；30a, 30b), which is characterized in that at least one connection section (20； 201；202) by lever axis (210a can be surrounded；It 220a) shifts gears between releasing position and link position first and rouses (A；C) On the connection lever (210 that is supported swingingly；220) it constitutes, the connection lever, which has, has pawl (213；223) linking arm (212；222) the third shift surface (334 and by shell fixed；335) the third induction element (211 guided；221).

4. shift device (30 as claimed in claim 3；30a, 30b), which is characterized in that described second, which shifts gears, rouses (B；D) have There is at least one driven tooth (33) preferably constructed by teeth portion section, wherein the pawl (213；223) make in link position At the driven tooth (33), so that the second shift drum (B；D) shift gears drum (A with described first；C it) is at least revolved along one Turn direction and rotates connection.

5. shift device (30 as described in claim 3 or 4；30a,30b)；It is characterized in that, the connection lever (210, 220) it is squeezed by connecting spring (214,224) along the direction of link position.

6. the shift device (30 as described in any one of claims 1 to 5；30a, 30b), which is characterized in that described first changes Keep off drum (A；C) there is the first connection section (201) and the second connection section (202), wherein two connections save (201,202) cloth Be set to so that: by its link position it is described first connection section (201), it is described second shift gears drum (B；D) with described the One, which shifts gears, rouses (A；C) rotation connection along the first direction of rotation, and saved by second connection in its link position (202), the second shift drum (B；D) shift gears drum (A with described first；C it) rotates and connects along the second direction of rotation.

7. the shift device (30 as described in any one of claim 3 to 6；30a, 30b), which is characterized in that in the connection Section (20；201,202) in link position, described second, which shifts gears, rouses (B；D) shift gears drum (A with described first；C) along direction of rotation Rotation connection, and the second shift drum (B；D) shift gears with described first drum (A in opposite direction；C) rotating separation.

8. the shift device (30 as described in any one of claims 1 to 7；30a, 30b), which is characterized in that described second changes Keep off drum (B；D) with the stop position that at least one is limited, in the stop position, at least one connection section (20；201, 202) can be brought in link position, wherein in the stop position, stop section (24) preferably by retaining spring (22) at least one detent (23) loaded is cooperated in stop notch (25).

9. shift device (30 as claimed in claim 8；30a, 30b), which is characterized in that the stop section (24) is that shell is solid Fixed, and the stop notch (25) is made of the second shift drum (B, D).

10. shift device (30 as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 wherein；30a, 30b), which is characterized in that described first passes Delivery device (40；40a, 40b) it is effectively connect at least one friction clutch (C1).

11. the shift device (30 as described in any one of claims 1 to 10；30a, 30b), which is characterized in that described second Transfer device (50,60,70) is effectively connect at least one shifting element.

12. shift device structure (300) has the shift device (30 as described in any one of claims 1 to 11；30a, 30b)。

13. shift device structure (300) as claimed in claim 12, which is characterized in that the shift device structure has extremely Few two shift devices (30a, 30b), wherein each shift device (30a, 30b) has at least one first shift drum (A；C) and preferably shift gears drum (A with described first；C) at least one coaxially arranged second, which is shifted gears, rouses (B；D), wherein each Described the first of the shift device (30a, 30b), which is shifted gears, rouses (A；C it) can be rotated by actuator motor (33), and wherein institute State the first shift drum (A；C) and (B is roused in second shift；D at least one changeable connection section (20) can be passed through respectively； 201；202) rotatably connected to each other.

14. shift device structure (300) as claimed in claim 13, which is characterized in that at least two first, which shift gears, rouses (A, C) Be respectively provided with for the 4th induction element (91) the 4th shift surface (319), wherein the 4th induction element (91) with stay The parking lock operation apparatus (93) of lock (90) connects, wherein the induction element (91) is pressing through the 4th shift surface (319) when along it is equidirectional, be applied to against the power of the case spring (98) that the locking direction along the parking lock (90) is worked On the parking lock operation apparatus (93).

15. shift device structure (300) according to claim 13 or 14, which is characterized in that the parking lock (90) has At least one blocking element (92) that can be shape-ordinatedly cooperated in locking section (99), the blocking element can be in releasing position It swings between locked position of coupler or movably supports, wherein the blocking element (92) passes through the parking lock operation apparatus (93) it can be deflected along the direction of locked position of coupler.

16. the shift device structure (300) as described in any one of claim 13 to 15, which is characterized in that the parking lock Manipulation device (93) has at least one longitudinal direction in the operating path between the 4th induction element (91) and blocking element (92) The pressure elements (95) of elasticity.

17. shift device structure (300) as claimed in claim 16, which is characterized in that the pressure elements (95) has pressure Power body (96), the pressure physical efficiency are deflected against the power of the compression spring (97) to work along locking direction.

18. shift device structure (300) as claimed in claim 17, which is characterized in that the case spring (98) have than The bigger spring stiffness of the compression spring (97).

19. a kind of speed changer (10), especially automatic transmission or dual clutch transmission have at least one such as right It is required that shift device structure (300) described in any one of 12 to 18.