CN109862011A - A kind of environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system calculated based on mist - Google Patents
A kind of environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system calculated based on mist Download PDFInfo
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- CN109862011A CN109862011A CN201910104927.2A CN201910104927A CN109862011A CN 109862011 A CN109862011 A CN 109862011A CN 201910104927 A CN201910104927 A CN 201910104927A CN 109862011 A CN109862011 A CN 109862011A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system calculated based on mist, and in particular to enterprise's production safety monitoring technology field；By the environmental data of environment information acquisition module acquisition monitoring center, mist calculate node is then transferred data to by wirelessly or non-wirelessly communication protocol；Mist calculate node pre-processes received data, including data analysis, compression, filtering and encryption, then transmits data to background system.The Cloud Server of background system is decoded processing, analysis, storage to received data packet, sends warning information to terminal device when environmental parameter exceeds preset threshold.The technology of Internet of things that this system integrated application is calculated based on mist, realization carries out comprehensive real-time dynamic networking monitoring to enterprise's production environment, system intelligence is enhanced, meets system in various demands such as real-time monitoring, data-optimized, high reliability and low latency responses.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to enterprise's production safety monitoring technology field more particularly to a kind of environment of internet of things calculated based on mist
Real-time monitoring system.
Background technique
The development of technology of Internet of things provides effective monitoring means for environmental monitoring, and the development of cloud computing is even more to pass through
Cloud handles the cost for greatly reducing calculating and storage, and gateway generally acts as the pivot between sensor layer and Cloud Server
Knob, but the fixation property of gateway determines that they have processing capacity, power consumption and the communication bandwidth of resource constraint.It compares simultaneously
The sensor of other network fields, corporate environment sensor monitoring node, especially implantation node, it is desirable that lower processing function
Rate, memory, transmission speed and energy supply.More and more huger however as data volume, this causes quite data transmission
Big challenge, or even it sometimes appear that very big network delay, while considering that requirement of real time can consume quite in transmission process
Big energy, this also results in obstacle to the real-time monitoring of environment.It should be noted that this ubiquitous ring for turning to intelligence
Border monitoring leads to new demand, such as the response of high reliability, interoperability, efficiency, low latency and safety.What mist calculated answers
With, greatly improved this situation, especially real-time monitoring, data-optimized, high reliability and low latency response etc. it is more
Aspect demand.Undoubtedly, the environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system calculated based on mist is studied, it will be with great application value.
Summary of the invention
It is real-time to provide a kind of environment of internet of things calculated based on mist in order to solve drawbacks described above in the prior art by the present invention
Monitoring system.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
It is a kind of based on mist calculate environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system, including environment information acquisition module, mist layer and after
Platform system；The environment information acquisition module includes several acquisition units, and each acquisition unit includes at least more than one again
Sensor and at least more than one monitoring camera；The mist layer includes several mist calculate nodes, and mist calculate node is set
It is equipped with hardware module and software module；The background system includes Cloud Server and terminal device；Cloud Server is to received number
It is decoded processing, analysis and storage according to packet, sends warning information to terminal device when environmental parameter exceeds preset threshold.Hardware
Module executes the protocol conversion and format conversion of sensing data；Software module then provides local service, such as data prediction sum number
According to storage.
The environmental parameter and image of sensor and monitoring camera the acquisition monitoring area of the acquisition unit, then pass through
Wirelessly or non-wirelessly communication protocol transfers data to mist calculate node；Mist calculate node receives the data from different sensors,
Protocol conversion is executed, and data are pre-processed, then sends background system for pretreated data.
Further, the communication protocol is bluetooth (Bluetooth), Wi-Fi, ZigBee or 6LoWPAN (IPv6
Over IEEE 802.15.4) carry out data transmission；The acquisition unit uses restricted application protocol (Constrained
Application Protocol, CoAP) carry out data communication；The environmental parameter includes that temperature, humidity, carbon monoxide are dense
Degree, gas concentration lwevel and atmospheric pressure；The pretreatment includes data analysis, compression, filtering and encryption.
Further, the mist calculate node supports bluetooth, Wi-Fi, ZigBee or 6LoWPAN (IPv6 over IEEE
802.15.4 wireless protocols), and it is responsible for communication between devices, the gateway network of a coordination is formed, and serve as repository i.e. originally
Ground database is carried out data analysis, compression, filtering and encryption with the data of interim storage sensor, provides sensor number
The ability of Data preprocess.
Further, the mist calculate node includes hardware module and software module；The hardware module includes GPRS mould
Block, DSP (Digital Signal Processing, Digital Signal Processing) module, GSM (Global System for
Mobile communications, global system for mobile communications) module, GPS module, RF (Radio Frequency, radio frequency)
Module, POWER (power supply) module, RAM (Random Access Memory, random access memory) module and CPU；Software mould
Block includes that (MySQL), embedded web server, IP address tunnel is locally stored in operating system (Linux), local data base
Interface, local data processing module, database management module, local notification module and adaptation module.Hardware module executes biography
Feel the protocol conversion and format conversion of data；Software module then provides local service, as data prediction and data store.
Further, the adaptation module is formed by perceiving and controlling two parts, for adjusting data from mist layer to cloud
The transmission rate (priority) of server.Perception refers to from middle acquisition sensing data is locally stored and judges whether data are in pre-
If in threshold value；Control refers to the priority scheduling of data transfer task.If the sensing data obtained is in preset threshold, after
It is continuous to be in perception state；If the sensing data obtained is lower than or beyond preset threshold, by control section by the sensing data
Transformation task is adjusted to highest priority.
Further, the mist calculate node provides local data processing to carry out real-time informing, according to environmental monitoring need
It asks, mist calculate node needs sensing data and the effective information transmitting of progress in continuous processing a large amount of short time.
Further, the mist calculate node has computing capability, meets sensing data pretreatment to intermediate computation layer
The demand of (i.e. calculating, network and storage).
Further, the mist calculate node is according to environmental monitoring demand, continuous processing sensing data and progress information biography
It passs, to provide real-time informing；The mist calculate node can carry linux system ARM (Advanced RISC Machine,
Advanced reduced instruction set machine) mainboard, and extension well can be had according to any increase of increase of monitoring area range
Property.
Further, the mist calculate node passes through local web-server or GSM (Global System for
Mobile communications, global system for mobile communications) information is sent, even if when Cloud Server is unavailable, Yong Huye
It can be notified in time.
Further, the terminal device is mobile phone, tablet computer or PC (Personal Computer, individual calculus
Machine).
Further, the mist calculate node realizes that data prediction enables a system to efficiently reduce the transmission of data
Amount, thus energy needed for reducing data transmission.
Further, the mist calculate node realizes that the sensitivity of system can be improved in data prediction, urgent in reply
Reaction when situation can faster, it is more reliable, the delay of processing key parameter can be minimized and realize real-time response.
Further, the mist calculate node realizes data prediction (i.e. data analysis, compression, filtering and encryption), institute
There are these functions to need local interim storage.Because the speed of transmission data is from mist calculate node to cloud by network bandwidth
Limitation, calculation processing are limited by mist calculate node processing capacity, in data processing and data transmission by resource constraint
In the case of, caching will be served as to realize continuous data stream by being locally stored, i.e., when mist calculate node processing capacity is restricted, is passed to
Data be stored in and be locally stored in a manner of compressing or encrypting, and monitoring center can be exported to Excel text formatting.
Further, to ensure that system can smoothly restore data, incoming data are stored in local by mist calculate node
In storage, the operating system processing in mist calculate node is locally stored and stores data in nonvolatile memory, according to
The type and importance of data, data can be stored in a manner of compressing or encrypting to be locally stored.Data in repository
Monitoring center can be exported to Excel text formatting.
Further, described to be locally stored including a file storage and database, for saving the attribute and rope of file
Draw.In the case where data processing and data transmission are by resource constraint, it is locally stored and serves as caching to realize continuous data stream.
Working-flow are as follows:
1) environmental parameter and image of the sensor of acquisition unit and monitoring camera acquisition monitoring area, then passes through nothing
Line or wired communication protocol (such as bluetooth (Bluetooth), Wi-Fi, ZigBee or 6LoWPAN) transfer data to mist and calculate section
Point；
2) mist calculate node receives the data from different sensors, executes network protocol conversion, is located in advance to data
Pretreated data, are then stored in and are locally stored in (MySQL) by reason (i.e. data analysis, compression, filtering and encryption), and
The case where data that compression processing is crossed are backed up to cope with network connection interruption；
3) pretreated data are transferred to background system by mist calculate node, and Cloud Server carries out received data packet
Decoding process, analysis and storage send warning information to terminal device when judging environmental parameter beyond preset threshold, and by result
Monitoring personnel is presented to by terminal device；
4) background system sends user instruction to mist calculate node by ICP/IP protocol, and user instruction is through gateway service end
It is forwarded to the sensor and monitoring camera of acquisition unit, the sensor and monitoring camera of acquisition unit execute user instruction,
Then by the new environment parameter and image of acquisition through process 1), 2), 3) handle after be presented to monitoring personnel.
Compared with prior art, usefulness of the present invention is:
A kind of environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system calculated based on mist disclosed by the invention, makes full use of mist calculate node
Localization personalized feature in region can apply more mist calculate nodes according to the demand of monitoring area, have very
Good scalability.In addition, mist calculate node realizes on the one hand data prediction can enable a system to efficiently reduce data volume,
To reduce the required energy of data transmission；On the other hand the sensitivity of system can be improved, it is anti-when coping with emergency
Should be able to faster, it is more reliable, can minimize processing key parameter delay and realize real-time response.It can be seen that mist calculated
Using, many-sided demand such as real-time monitoring, data-optimized, high reliability and low latency response of environment of internet of things is met, it is real
Comprehensive real-time dynamic networking monitoring is now carried out to enterprise's production environment, and there is great application value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is system architecture schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is mist calculate node structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this.
A kind of environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system calculated based on mist of the invention mainly includes environment information acquisition mould
Block, mist layer and background system, system architecture are as shown in Figure 1；
Environment information acquisition module includes n acquisition unit, and each acquisition unit includes n sensor and at least one again
Above monitoring camera, to obtain the environmental parameter and image of monitoring area, then (such as by wirelessly or non-wirelessly communication protocol
Bluetooth Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, ZigBee or 6LoWPAN) transfer data to mist calculate node；Wherein, the environment ginseng of acquisition
Number includes that environment needed for enterprises' production monitorings such as temperature, humidity, carbonomonoxide concentration, gas concentration lwevel and atmospheric pressure is believed
Breath, and environmental data is acquired using corresponding digital sensor.
Mist layer includes multiple mist calculate nodes, and mist calculate node is provided with hardware module and software module, is received from not
With the data of sensor, protocol conversion is executed, data are pre-processed, such as data analysis, compression are filtered and encrypted, then
Background system is sent by pretreated data.
Mist calculate node structure chart is as shown in Fig. 2, each mist calculate node includes hardware module and software module；It is described
Hardware module includes GPRS (General Packet Radio Service, general packet radio service technology) module, DSP
(Digital Signal Processing, Digital Signal Processing) module, GSM (Global System for Mobile
Communications, global system for mobile communications) module, GPS module, RF (Radio Frequency, radio frequency) module,
POWER (power supply) module, RAM (Random Access Memory, random access memory) module and CPU (Central
Processing Unit/Processor, central processing unit)；Software module includes operating system (Linux), local data base
(MySQL), embedded web server, IP address tunnel interface, local data processing module, data base administration is locally stored
Module, local notification module and adaptation module.Hardware module executes the protocol conversion and format conversion of sensing data；Software mould
Block then provides local service, as data prediction and data store.
Background system includes Cloud Server and terminal device, and Cloud Server includes several DB (Database, database) clothes
Business device, Cloud Server are decoded processing, analysis and storage to received data packet, when judging environmental parameter beyond preset threshold
Warning information is sent to terminal device；Terminal device is mobile phone, tablet computer, notebook or PC (Personal
Computer, personal computer) etc. equipment, be used for web browser checking monitoring areas case, while for receiving warning information
Notice.
In specific implementation, on each sensor run CoAP (Constrained Application Protocol, by
The application protocol of limitation) client, and data communication is carried out using CoAP agreement, CoAP message format is as shown in table 1.
1 CoAP message format of table
Acquisition unit by wirelessly or non-wirelessly communication protocol (such as bluetooth (Bluetooth), Wi-Fi, ZigBee or
6LoWPAN) transfer data to mist calculate node；Adaptation layer in mist calculate node promotes the protocol conversion of message and format to turn
It changes, the message of upload is packaged with JSON/XML format, and UDP server detection messages judge whether it is the JSON/ of standard
XML format message retransfers if not then carrying out message.
The UDP server run in mist calculate node receives the data sent, and udp protocol does not need the company of foundation
It connects, it is only necessary to know IP address and the port of other side, so that it may carry out data transmission and reception, phase using Socket (socket)
Same data forwarding is backed up to Cloud Server.
Notice is the necessary function of mist calculate node, and mist calculate node passes through local web-server or GSM (Global
System for Mobile communications, global system for mobile communications), it can when Cloud Server is unavailable
To improve the reliability of system to greatest extent, it is ensured that user can receive documentary whip in time.Mist calculate node serves as local network
When network server, it will send respond request with XML or JSON format, by effectively utilizing mist calculate node resource, realize
Resource, which minimizes, to be used.If there is new notice, mist calculate node sends the communication information for having XML format；XML format has two
A part: title and content.The title division includes the code of current request and the state of description.When mobile applications receive
When response, it first can code in inspection state title, if state return ' 0', it will transmit state title description information,
I.e. this is an illegal request or mistake；If state return ' 1', it continues to scope of examination part；If state return '
2' indicates that new message informing will be continued waiting for without new notice.XML state description is as shown in table 2.
2 XML state description of table
| Code | Description |
| 0 | Illegal request or mistake |
| 1 | Notice |
| 2 | Without new notice |
While real-time analysis and notice, mist calculate node is compressed and is added with processed data application to having filtered
It is close, to sensor feedback and notice are sent, and store data in and be locally stored.By to compression processing in mist calculate node
The case where data crossed are backed up to cope with network connection interruption.
Mist calculate node realizes data prediction (i.e. data analysis, compression, filtering and encryption), and all these functions need
Local interim storage.Because transmission data speed limited and calculated by network bandwidth from mist calculate node to cloud by
The limitation of mist calculate node processing capacity, data processing and data transmission by resource constraint in the case where, be locally stored by
Caching is served as to realize continuous data stream.Further, mist calculate node is to ensure that system can smoothly restore data, incoming
Data, which will be stored in, to be locally stored.Operating system processing in mist calculate node is locally stored and stores data in non-volatile
In property memory.According to type and importance, data can be stored in a manner of compressing or encrypting to be locally stored.Repository
In data monitoring center can be exported to Excel text formatting.
It is locally stored including a file storage and database and saves the attribute and index of file.In final stage, mist
Calculate node checks Internet, IPv4 (Internet Protocol Version 4), IPv6 (Internet Protocol
Version 6) connection availability and send data to Cloud Server.If there is connectivity problem, it can be marked will send out in the future
The not sent data sent.The data that can be checked and synchronize in storage Cloud Server are locally stored, are deleted from storage old and again
Multiple file, and delete their indexes in database.If information received before 30 minutes, and ensured to be successfully completed
Synchronous with the data of Cloud Server, mist calculate node will remove the information being locally stored in repository.If with Cloud Server
Connect it is unavailable, it will as far as possible long-time storing data and start delete legacy data；If low memory, new number is accommodated
According to.
Finally, pretreated data are transferred to cloud by mist calculate node, then Cloud Server to data summarization, point
Analysis and processing, are finally presented to monitoring personnel in different forms, realize to environmental information automation, intelligent management, improve enterprise
The monitoring of industry production environment, alarm and pre-alerting ability.
Working-flow are as follows:
1) environmental parameter and image of the sensor of acquisition unit and monitoring camera acquisition monitoring area, then passes through nothing
Line or wired communication protocol (such as bluetooth (Bluetooth), Wi-Fi, ZigBee or 6LoWPAN) transfer data to mist and calculate section
Point.
2) mist calculate node receives the data from different sensors, executes network protocol conversion, is located in advance to data
Pretreated data, are then stored in and are locally stored in (MySQL) by reason (i.e. data analysis, compression, filtering and encryption), and
The case where data that compression processing is crossed are backed up to cope with network connection interruption.
3) pretreated data are transferred to background system by mist calculate node, and Cloud Server carries out received data packet
Decoding process, analysis and storage, and result is presented to monitoring personnel by terminal device.
4) background system sends user instruction to mist calculate node by ICP/IP protocol, and user instruction is through gateway service end
It is forwarded to the sensor and monitoring camera of acquisition unit, the sensor and monitoring camera of acquisition unit execute user instruction,
Then by the new environment parameter and image of acquisition through process 1), 2), 3) handle after be presented to monitoring personnel.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of based on mist calculate environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system, which is characterized in that including environment information acquisition module,
Mist layer and background system；The environment information acquisition module includes several acquisition units, and each acquisition unit includes at least again
The monitoring camera of more than one sensor and at least more than one；The mist layer includes several mist calculate nodes, mist meter
Operator node is provided with hardware module and software module；Hardware module executes the protocol conversion and format conversion of sensing data；Software
Module provides local service, and local service includes data prediction and data storage；The background system include Cloud Server with
Terminal device；Cloud Server is decoded processing, analysis and storage to received data packet, when environmental parameter exceeds preset threshold
Warning information is sent to terminal device；The environmental parameter of sensor and monitoring camera the acquisition monitoring area of the acquisition unit
And image, mist calculate node is then transferred data to by wirelessly or non-wirelessly communication protocol；Mist calculate node is received from not
It is pre-processed with the data of sensor, and to data, sends background system for pretreated data.
2. environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the data transmission is using blue
Tooth, Wi-Fi, ZigBee or 6LoWPAN communication protocol；The acquisition unit uses restricted application protocol (Constrained
Application Protocol, CoAP) carry out data communication；The environmental parameter includes that temperature, humidity, carbon monoxide are dense
Degree, gas concentration lwevel and atmospheric pressure；The pretreatment includes analysis, compression, filtering and the encryption of data.
3. environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mist calculate node is supported
The wireless protocols of bluetooth, Wi-Fi, ZigBee or 6LoWPAN, and it is responsible for the gateway net that communication between devices form a coordination
Network, mist calculate node act also as repository i.e. local data base.
4. environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hardware module includes
GPRS module, DSP module, gsm module, GPS module, RF module, POWER module, RAM module and CPU；Software module includes behaviour
Make system, local data base is locally stored, embedded web server, IP address tunnel interface, local data processing module,
Database management module, local notification module and adaptation module；The adaptation module includes perceiving part and control section,
For adjusting transmission rate of the data from mist layer to Cloud Server i.e. priority.
5. environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mist calculate node according to
Environmental monitoring demand, continuous processing sensing data and progress information transmitting, to provide real-time informing；The mist calculate node is carried
The ARM mainboard of linux system, and according to any increase of the increase of monitoring area range.
6. environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mist calculate node meets
It is pretreated calculate, the demand of network and storage.
7. environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mist calculate node passes through
Local web-server or global system for mobile communications send information.
8. environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the terminal device is hand
Machine, tablet computer or personal computer.
9. environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mist calculate node will pass
In the local database, operating system is responsible for being locally stored and storing data in nonvolatile memory for the data storage entered
In, data are stored in the local database in a manner of compressing or encrypting, and export to monitoring center with Excel text formatting.
10. environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described be locally stored including
File storage and database, for saving the attribute and index of file；In data processing and data transmission by resource constraint
In the case of, it is locally stored and serves as caching to realize continuous data stream.
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