CN109852879A - A kind of non-hardened and tempered steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of non-hardened and tempered steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of non-hardened and tempered steel and preparation method thereof.Non-hardened and tempered steel of the invention, contains following component by weight percentage: carbon: 0.15-0.22%, silicon: 0.15-0.80%, manganese: 1.20-1.60%, chromium: 0.05-0.30%, aluminium: 0.010-0.030%, nickel: 0.00-0.10%, copper: 0.00-0.20%, phosphorus: 0.000-0.025%, sulphur: 0.020-0.060%, vanadium: 0.07-0.20%, nitrogen: 0.010-0.020%, lead≤0.01%, tin≤0.01%, arsenic≤0.01%, antimony≤0.01%, surplus are iron.The intensity of non-hardened and tempered steel of the invention is high, plasticity and toughness are good, is fully able to meet the design requirement of water jacket steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel, and in particular to a kind of non-hardened and tempered steel and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
With the continuous improvement of various countries' environmental requirement, automobile from fuel driven gradually to be driven by electricity development.However, electric
Electrical automobile technology is still immature, and that there are battery durable mileages is short, the service life is short, the uneven congruent problem of electrically-charging equipment, becomes restriction
The bottleneck of new-energy automobile development.Mixed dynamic technology is current most effective solution, by the original internal combustion engine of automobile
On the basis of increase a set of motor device, from internal combustion engine to battery power, without using charging pile；Meanwhile it can pass through
Optimization dynamical system can be substantially reduced using the pure electric drive of low speed or the combination drive isotype of high-speed internal combustion engine and battery
The synthesis oil consumption of automobile, and promote the ride quality of automobile.
Motor can generate a large amount of heat in the process of running, it is therefore desirable in time take away heat；Meanwhile in order to avoid vapour
Vehicle damages motor in an impact, in design it is generally necessary to which motor is placed in steel shell (referred to as " water jacket "), and with water pair
Shell carries out continuing cooling.Further, since water jacket is safety member, therefore more demanding to the plasticity and toughness of material.
Currently, water jacket is mainly 22CrMo series quenched and tempered steel with steel, by be added the elements such as Cr, Mo (Cr >=1.00%,
Mo >=0.15%) material is quenched reach excellent mechanical property with after the heat treatment of tempering, usual Cr >=1.00%, Mo >=
0.15%；Thermal stress and structural stress deformation can be generated in the process due to quenched, the outer wall of workpiece blank must reach certain thickness
Degree causes serious waste of material and cutter loss when subsequent machining to resist heat-treatment distortion, while reducing production
Efficiency.
In addition, existing widely applied non-hardened and tempered steel is mainly in medium high carbon non-hardened and tempered steel, such as GB/T 15712
38MnVS series and 49MnVS series, the plasticity and toughness of these non-hardened and tempered steels are poor, are unable to satisfy the design requirement of water jacket steel.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of non-hardened and tempered steel and preparation method thereof, and the intensity of the non-hardened and tempered steel is high, plasticity and toughness are good, is entirely capable of
Enough meet the design requirement of water jacket steel.
The present invention provides a kind of non-hardened and tempered steel, contains following component by weight percentage: carbon: 0.15-0.22%, silicon:
0.15-0.80%, manganese: 1.20-1.60%, chromium: 0.05-0.30%, aluminium: 0.010-0.030%, nickel: 0.00-0.10%, copper:
0.00-0.20%, phosphorus: 0.000-0.025%, sulphur: 0.020-0.060%, vanadium: 0.07-0.20%, nitrogen: 0.010-
0.020%, lead≤0.01%, tin≤0.01%, arsenic≤0.01%, antimony≤0.01%, surplus is iron.
In the present invention, if without specified otherwise, content is mass content.
The content of carbon is arranged in the range of 0.15-0.22% non-hardened and tempered steel of the invention；If exceeding this range, material
Plasticity and toughness it is poor；If being lower than this range, the intensity of material is insufficient.Further, the carbon content in non-hardened and tempered steel can be 0.19-
0.20%.
In the present invention, the silicone content in non-hardened and tempered steel can be 0.40-0.70%, may further be 0.50-
0.60%, it further can be 0.55-0.57%.
The content of manganese is arranged in the range of 1.20-1.60% non-hardened and tempered steel of the invention；If exceeding this range, material
It is also easy to produce bainite abnormal structure；If being lower than this range, the intensity of material is insufficient.Manganese content in non-hardened and tempered steel can be
1.20-1.40% may further be 1.20-1.30%, further can be 1.24-1.26%.
The content of chromium is arranged in the range of 0.05-0.30% non-hardened and tempered steel of the invention；If exceeding this range, material
Hardness it is higher, be unfavorable for machining；If being lower than this range, the intensity of material is insufficient.Chromium content in non-hardened and tempered steel can be
0.05-0.20% may further be 0.05-0.10%, further can be 0.08-0.10%.
The content of aluminium is arranged in the range of 0.010-0.030% non-hardened and tempered steel of the invention；If exceeding this range, material
Feed collet sundries is exceeded, and degree of purity is poor；If being lower than this range, the grain size of material is coarse.Further, the aluminium in non-hardened and tempered steel contains
Amount can be 0.010-0.020%, further can be 0.010-0.015%.
In the present invention, the nickel content in non-hardened and tempered steel may further be 0.00-0.05%, further can be
0.01-0.02%.
In the present invention, the copper content in non-hardened and tempered steel can be 0.00-0.10%, may further be 0.04-
0.10%, it further can be 0.04-0.06%.
In the present invention, the phosphorus content in non-hardened and tempered steel can be 0.000-0.020%, may further be 0.005-
0.015%, it further can be 0.009-0.012%.
The content of sulphur is arranged in the range of 0.020-0.060% non-hardened and tempered steel of the invention；If exceeding this range, material
Feed collet sundries is exceeded, and degree of purity is poor；If being lower than this range, sulfide can not embody the lubricating action of cutter, machinability
Difference.Sulfur content in non-hardened and tempered steel can be 0.040-0.060%, may further be 0.050-0.060%, further may be used
Think 0.052-0.057%.
The content of vanadium is arranged in the range of 0.08-0.20% non-hardened and tempered steel of the invention；If exceeding this range, material
Hardness it is higher, be unfavorable for machining；If being lower than this range, the intensity of material is insufficient.Further, the vanadium in non-hardened and tempered steel contains
Amount can be 0.07-0.15%, further can be 0.07-0.09%.
The content of nitrogen is arranged in the range of 0.010-0.020% non-hardened and tempered steel of the invention；If exceeding this range, material
The grain size of material is coarse；If being lower than this range, the intensity of material is insufficient.Nitrogen content in non-hardened and tempered steel can be 0.015-
0.020%, it may further be 0.015-0.018%, further can be 0.0149-0.0171%.
The content of lead, tin, arsenic and antimony is disposed as≤0.01% by non-hardened and tempered steel of the invention；If exceeding this range, material
Brittle fracture easily occurs for material.Further, the lead content in non-hardened and tempered steel can be with≤0.005%, further≤0.002%；
Theil indices in non-hardened and tempered steel can be with≤0.008%, further≤0.006%；Arsenic content in non-hardened and tempered steel can with≤
0.008%, further≤0.005%；Antimony content in non-hardened and tempered steel can be with≤0.006%, further≤0.004%.
Further, non-hardened and tempered steel of the invention, contains following component by weight percentage: carbon: 0.15-0.22%,
Silicon: 0.40-0.70%, manganese: 1.20-1.40%, chromium: 0.05-0.20%, aluminium: 0.010-0.020%, nickel: 0.00-0.05%,
Copper: 0.00-0.10%, phosphorus: 0.000-0.020%, sulphur: 0.040-0.060%, vanadium: 0.07-0.15%, nitrogen: 0.015-
0.020%, lead≤0.005%, tin≤0.008%, arsenic≤0.008%, antimony≤0.006%, surplus is iron.
Further, non-hardened and tempered steel of the invention, contains following component by weight percentage: carbon: 0.19-
0.20%, silicon: 0.50-0.60%, manganese: 1.20-1.30%, chromium: 0.05-0.10%, aluminium: 0.010-0.015%, nickel: 0.01-
0.02%, copper: 0.04-0.10%, phosphorus: 0.005-0.015%, sulphur: 0.050-0.060%, vanadium: 0.07-0.09%, nitrogen:
0.015-0.018%, lead≤0.002%, tin≤0.006%, arsenic≤0.005%, antimony≤0.004%, surplus are iron.
Non-hardened and tempered steel of the invention includes pearlitic structrure and ferritic structure, and wherein the mass content of pearlitic structrure is
30-40%, the mass content of ferritic structure are 60-70%.Non-hardened and tempered steel with above-mentioned institutional framework has good strong
Degree and plasticity and toughness.
The yield strength of non-hardened and tempered steel of the invention is greater than 440MPa, further >=465MPa；Tensile strength is greater than 610MPa,
Further >=670MPa；Elongation percentage is greater than 16%, further >=19%；The contraction percentage of area is greater than 55%, further >=64.5%.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel, include the following steps:
1) ingredient is carried out by the ingredient, EAF smelting, LF refining, VD vacuum processing, continuous casting is carried out to ingredient, steel is made
Base；
2) steel billet rolled, cooled down, obtain the non-hardened and tempered steel.
Specifically, it in EAF smelting process, can control into furnace molten iron proportion >=50%, steel scrap proportion≤50%, with full
The content requirement of copper, lead, tin, arsenic, antimony in sufficient ingredient；In addition, slag is forbidden in control electric furnace steel tapping P≤0.015%, tapping, out
Steel temperature can be 1620-1680 DEG C.
Specifically, during LF refining, refining time >=40min, white slag time >=20min be can control；In particular,
It can be stirred using argon gas, argon pressure 0.25-0.30MPa, argon pressure is affected to the degree of purity of molten steel, above-mentioned argon
Atmospheric pressure range can obtain the higher molten steel of degree of purity.
Further, depth deoxidation can be carried out by the way that lime, synthetic slag is added, while using silicon carbide at refining initial stage
Desulfurization controls the content of sulphur；Specifically, refining initial stage sulfur content may be controlled to≤0.010%, and steel slag basicity can control
For 1.5-2.Early period, the purpose of deep desulfuration was oxygen content in order to reduce molten steel, to reduce the generation that oxide is mingled with.
Further, the basicity of steel slag can be reduced by the way that the modes such as silica sand are added in the refining later period；Wherein, after refining
The basicity of phase steel slag may be controlled to 1.2-1.5.The purpose that silica sand is added is to avoid subsequent feeding by the basicity of reduction steel slag
Sulphur absorbed by steel slag, otherwise sulfur content can gradually decrease as time goes by molten steel, to must mend in next procedure
Hello；However, next procedure needs to feed calcium line, calcium sulfide field trash can be generated if mending hello sulphur line excessively, to the pure of molten steel
It spends totally unfavorable.
In addition, the content of manganese should not be made to directly reach purpose requirement in refining process, because of the nitrogen in next procedure
Addition is to be realized by feeding nitrogenized manganese line, therefore need in refining process that there are certain vacancy amount, so as to rear
Manganese content is more than purpose requirement when continuous feeding nitrogenized manganese line.
In the present invention, LF refining process can make the other compositions content except sulphur removal, manganese, nitrogen and aluminium reach target to want
It asks.
Specifically, in VD vacuum process, vacuum retention time >=15min, argon pressure under vacuum state are controlled
For 0.20-0.40MPa；Argon pressure is affected to the degree of purity of molten steel, and above-mentioned argon pressure range can obtain degree of purity
Higher molten steel.
In addition, can first pass through feeding nitrogenized manganese line makes manganese and nitrogen content reach target call, in Argon after vacuum
Feeding aluminum steel makes aluminium content reach target call afterwards, then carries out inclusions class, Argon 15min by feeding calcium iron wire
Hello sulphur line is mended after above makes sulfur content reach target call.Calcium sulfide field trash can be generated by mending hello sulphur line too early, to the pure of molten steel
Cleanliness is unfavorable.
Specifically, in continuous casting process, can control the degree of superheat is 40 DEG C hereinafter, constant pulling rate is 0.4-0.6m/min；
Especially it is possible to generate crackle using into hole slow cooling mode to avoid center portion.
Specifically, during the rolling process, billet heating temperature can control as follows: preheating section≤900 DEG C；Bringing-up section 1160
±25℃；1190 ± 25 DEG C of soaking zone；Heating time 2.5-3 hour.Especially it is possible to final rolling temperature≤900 DEG C be controlled, after rolling
Water mist is cooled to 750 DEG C hereinafter, control cooling velocity is 18-22 DEG C/min.By control final rolling temperature, cooperate roller repairing,
Thin grain size and pearlite lamella can be obtained.
In the present invention, other processing steps in non-hardened and tempered steel preparation process all can be this field common process；?
In one embodiment, the preparation method of non-hardened and tempered steel be may include steps of:
EAF → LF → VD → continuous casting → cutting → cooling (hole is cold) → inspection → judgement → heating → temperature-controlled rolling → rate controlling
Cooling → cutting → cooling (cover is cold) → inspection → ultrasound+infra-red inspection → (finishing) → judgement → packaging → weighing → storage.
Implementation of the invention, at least has the advantage that
1, the present invention makes non-hardened and tempered steel have good comprehensive performance, wherein hot rolling by reasonable Design of Chemical Composition
State yield strength is greater than 440MPa, and tensile strength is greater than 610MPa, and elongation percentage is greater than 16%, and the contraction percentage of area is greater than 55%.
2, the present invention examines Micro Alloying nonmetallic inclusionsin steel rank (using ASTM-E45 by suitable preparation process
Survey) reach: A≤3.0, B≤1.5, C≤0.5, D≤1.5；In addition, macrostructure detection (being detected using ASTM-E381) is reached:
Center porosity, General Loosen, pattern segregation≤2.0 grade, no spot segregation and non-metallic inclusion.
3, method of the invention ensure that the accurate of chemical component, molten steel pours by using the special smelting process of sulfur bearing steel
The stabilization of casting makes sulfide have good original form；By using reasonable slab heating temperature and heating time, guarantee
The uniform burning of slab, avoids grain coarsening and sulfide agglomeration；In addition, material can be made by controlling cooling after forging
Material reaches the material property for the quenched and tempered steel that matches in excellence or beauty.
4, non-hardened and tempered steel of the invention does not need to be heat-treated, and does not have to worry material problem on deformation, therefore can be effectively reduced
Blank weight has saved material, cutter, heat treatment expense, has improved production and processing efficiency；Meanwhile it being added in design of material
S element, forms sulfide in the material, can increase the machinability of material, is conducive to protect cutter, further extends knife
Has service life.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, to this
Technical solution in inventive embodiments is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is that a part of the invention is real
Example is applied, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creation
Property labour under the premise of every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The non-hardened and tempered steel of the present embodiment, contains following component by weight percentage: carbon: 0.19%, silicon: and 0.55%, manganese:
1.25%, chromium: 0.08%, aluminium: 0.010%, nickel: 0.01%, copper: 0.05%, phosphorus: 0.012%, sulphur: 0.057%, vanadium:
0.07%, nitrogen: 0.0157%, lead: 0.002%, tin: 0.003%, arsenic: 0.003%, antimony: 0.004%, surplus is iron.
The preparation method of the non-hardened and tempered steel of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
1, EAF smelts
Ingredient is carried out by mentioned component, ingredient is sent to electric furnace and is smelted；In smelting process, controls and match into furnace molten iron
Than >=50%, steel scrap proportion≤50%, to meet the content requirement of copper in ingredient, lead, tin, arsenic, antimony；In addition, control electric furnace
Slag is forbidden in tapping P≤0.015%, tapping, and tapping temperature is controlled at 1620 DEG C or so.
2, LF refining
It is refined after smelting using refining furnace, is stirred using argon gas, argon pressure control is 0.25MPa or so, to obtain
Obtain the higher molten steel of degree of purity；When refining, refining time >=40min, white slag time >=20min are controlled.
At refining initial stage, depth is carried out by the way that 300kg lime/furnace, 800kg synthetic slag/furnace is added, while using silicon carbide
Deoxidization desulfuration controls the content of initial stage sulphur≤0.010%, and the basicity of steel slag is controlled in 1.5-2；In the refining later period, add
200kg silica sand makes the basicity of steel slag be reduced to 1.2-1.5.
In refining process, controlling the content vacancy 0.16% or so of manganese, (0.16% or so) i.e. lower than target call, makes to remove
Other compositions content except sulphur, manganese, nitrogen and aluminium reaches target call.
3, VD is vacuum-treated
It is vacuum-treated after refining using vacuum degassing furnace, wherein vacuum keeps 15min or more at 66.7Pa, and
Controlling argon pressure under vacuum state is 0.30MPa or so.
After vacuum, 500 meters/furnace of nitrogenized manganese line is first fed, the content of manganese and nitrogen is made to reach target component requirement；Argon
After 3 minutes, aluminum steel is fed according to chemical composition analysis result, the content of aluminium is made to reach target component requirement；Then calcium iron is fed
50 meters/furnace of line carries out inclusions class；After Argon 15 minutes or more, mends and feed sulphur line, the content of sulphur is made to reach target component
It is required that.
4, continuous casting
It is cast after vacuum processing using continuous casting and steel billet is made, casting degree of superheat control is at 30 DEG C or so, constant casting speed control
For 0.50m/min, steel billet is used into hole Slow cooling and is generated to avoid the heart check of potassium steel.
5, it rolls, is cooling
Steel billet is rolled；Wherein, billet heating temperature is as follows: preheating section temperature≤900 DEG C；Bringing-up section temperature is
1160 DEG C or so；Soaking section temperature is 1190 DEG C or so；Heating time 2.5 hours or so.
Final rolling temperature≤900 DEG C are controlled, rear water mist is rolled and is cooled to 750 DEG C hereinafter, control cooling velocity is 20 DEG C/s.
After rolling, cooling, semi-finished product are detected using Infrared Surface flaw detection and ultrasound internal flaw detection, rejecting exists
The semi-finished product of defect successively pack qualified semi-finished product, are weighed, and final storage is finished product (the i.e. non-tune of the present embodiment
Matter steel).
Microstructure detection is carried out to above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel, the results showed that above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel is 34% or so by content
Pearlitic structrure and content be 66% or so ferritic structure form.
It is detected using mechanical property of the GB/T228 method to above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel, the results are shown in Table 1；Using ASTM-
E45 method detects the non-metallic inclusion of above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel, the results are shown in Table 2；Using ASTM-E381 method to above-mentioned
The macrostructure of non-hardened and tempered steel is detected, and the results are shown in Table 3.
Embodiment 2
The non-hardened and tempered steel of the present embodiment, contains following component by weight percentage: carbon: 0.20%, silicon: and 0.55%, manganese:
1.26%, chromium: 0.10%, aluminium: 0.013%, nickel: 0.02%, copper: 0.06%, phosphorus: 0.010%, sulphur: 0.055%, vanadium:
0.09%, nitrogen: 0.0163%, lead: 0.002%, tin: 0.005%, arsenic: 0.003%, antimony: 0.003%, surplus is iron.
The preparation method of the non-hardened and tempered steel of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
1, EAF smelts
Ingredient is carried out by mentioned component, ingredient is sent to electric furnace and is smelted；In smelting process, controls and match into furnace molten iron
Than >=50%, steel scrap proportion≤50%, to meet the content requirement of copper in ingredient, lead, tin, arsenic, antimony；In addition, control electric furnace
Slag is forbidden in tapping P≤0.015%, tapping, and tapping temperature is controlled at 1680 DEG C or so.
2, LF refining
It is refined after smelting using refining furnace, is stirred using argon gas, argon pressure control is 0.30MPa or so, to obtain
Obtain the higher molten steel of degree of purity；When refining, refining time >=40min, white slag time >=20min are controlled.
At refining initial stage, depth is carried out by the way that 300kg lime/furnace, 800kg synthetic slag/furnace is added, while using silicon carbide
Deoxidization desulfuration controls the content of initial stage sulphur≤0.010%, and the basicity of steel slag is controlled in 1.5-2；In the refining later period, add
200kg silica sand makes the basicity of steel slag be reduced to 1.2-1.5.
In refining process, the content vacancy 0.16% or so of manganese is controlled, the other compositions except sulphur removal, manganese, nitrogen and aluminium are made
Content reaches target call.
3, VD is vacuum-treated
It is vacuum-treated after refining using vacuum degassing furnace, wherein vacuum keeps 15min or more at 66.7Pa, and
Controlling argon pressure under vacuum state is 0.20MPa or so.
After vacuum, 500 meters/furnace of nitrogenized manganese line is first fed, the content of manganese and nitrogen is made to reach target component requirement；Argon
After 3 minutes, aluminum steel is fed according to chemical composition analysis result, the content of aluminium is made to reach target component requirement；Then calcium iron is fed
50 meters/furnace of line carries out inclusions class；After Argon 15 minutes or more, mends and feed sulphur line, the content of sulphur is made to reach target component
It is required that.
4, continuous casting
It is cast after vacuum processing using continuous casting and steel billet is made, casting degree of superheat control is at 30 DEG C or so, constant casting speed control
For 0.50m/min, steel billet is used into hole Slow cooling and is generated to avoid the heart check of potassium steel.
5, it rolls, is cooling
Steel billet is rolled；Wherein, billet heating temperature is as follows: preheating section temperature≤900 DEG C；Bringing-up section temperature is
1135 DEG C or so；Soaking section temperature is 1165 DEG C or so；Heating time 3 hours or so.
Final rolling temperature≤900 DEG C are controlled, rear water mist is rolled and is cooled to 750 DEG C hereinafter, control cooling velocity is 20 DEG C/s.
After rolling, cooling, semi-finished product are detected using Infrared Surface flaw detection and ultrasound internal flaw detection, rejecting exists
The semi-finished product of defect successively pack qualified semi-finished product, are weighed, and final storage is finished product.
Microstructure detection is carried out to above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel, the results showed that above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel is 34% or so by content
Pearlitic structrure and content be 66% or so ferritic structure form.
Above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel is detected using 1 method of embodiment, the results are shown in Table 1 to table 3.
Embodiment 3
The non-hardened and tempered steel of the present embodiment, contains following component by weight percentage: carbon: 0.20%, silicon: and 0.56%, manganese:
1.25%, chromium: 0.09%, aluminium: 0.012%, nickel: 0.01%, copper: 0.05%, phosphorus: 0.009%, sulphur: 0.053%, vanadium:
0.08%, nitrogen: 0.0149%, lead: 0.001%, tin: 0.004%, arsenic: 0.002%, antimony: 0.003%, surplus is iron.
The preparation method of the non-hardened and tempered steel of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
1, EAF smelts
Ingredient is carried out by mentioned component, ingredient is sent to electric furnace and is smelted；In smelting process, controls and match into furnace molten iron
Than >=50%, steel scrap proportion≤50%, to meet the content requirement of copper in ingredient, lead, tin, arsenic, antimony；In addition, control electric furnace
Slag is forbidden in tapping P≤0.015%, tapping, and tapping temperature is controlled at 1680 DEG C or so.
2, LF refining
It is refined after smelting using refining furnace, is stirred using argon gas, argon pressure control is 0.28MPa or so, to obtain
Obtain the higher molten steel of degree of purity；When refining, refining time >=40min, white slag time >=20min are controlled.
At refining initial stage, depth is carried out by the way that 300kg lime/furnace, 800kg synthetic slag/furnace is added, while using silicon carbide
Deoxidization desulfuration controls the content of initial stage sulphur≤0.010%, and the basicity of steel slag is controlled in 1.5-2；In the refining later period, add
200kg silica sand makes the basicity of steel slag be reduced to 1.2-1.5.
In refining process, the content vacancy 0.16% or so of manganese is controlled, the other compositions except sulphur removal, manganese, nitrogen and aluminium are made
Content reaches target call.
3, VD is vacuum-treated
It is vacuum-treated after refining using vacuum degassing furnace, wherein vacuum keeps 15min or more at 66.7Pa, and
Controlling argon pressure under vacuum state is 0.40MPa or so.
After vacuum, 500 meters/furnace of nitrogenized manganese line is first fed, the content of manganese and nitrogen is made to reach target component requirement；Argon
After 3 minutes, aluminum steel is fed according to chemical composition analysis result, the content of aluminium is made to reach target component requirement；Then calcium iron is fed
50 meters/furnace of line carries out inclusions class；After Argon 15 minutes or more, mends and feed sulphur line, the content of sulphur is made to reach target component
It is required that.
4, continuous casting
It is cast after vacuum processing using continuous casting and steel billet is made, casting degree of superheat control is at 30 DEG C or so, constant casting speed control
For 0.50m/min, steel billet is used into hole Slow cooling and is generated to avoid the heart check of potassium steel.
5, it rolls, is cooling
Steel billet is rolled；Wherein, billet heating temperature is as follows: preheating section temperature≤900 DEG C；Bringing-up section temperature is
1185 DEG C or so；Soaking section temperature is 1215 DEG C or so；Heating time 2.5 hours or so.
Final rolling temperature≤900 DEG C are controlled, rear water mist is rolled and is cooled to 750 DEG C hereinafter, control cooling velocity is 20 DEG C/s.
After rolling, cooling, semi-finished product are detected using Infrared Surface flaw detection and ultrasound internal flaw detection, rejecting exists
The semi-finished product of defect successively pack qualified semi-finished product, are weighed, and final storage is finished product (the i.e. non-tune of the present embodiment
Matter steel).
Microstructure detection is carried out to above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel, the results showed that above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel is 34% or so by content
Pearlitic structrure and content be 66% or so ferritic structure form.
Above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel is detected using 1 method of embodiment, the results are shown in Table 1 to table 3.
Embodiment 4
The non-hardened and tempered steel of the present embodiment, contains following component by weight percentage: carbon: 0.19%, silicon: and 0.55%, manganese:
1.24%, chromium: 0.10%, aluminium: 0.015%, nickel: 0.02%, copper: 0.04%, phosphorus: 0.011%, sulphur: 0.056%, vanadium:
0.07%, nitrogen: 0.0155%, lead: 0.002%, tin: 0.003%, arsenic: 0.005%, antimony: 0.001%, surplus is iron.
The preparation method of the non-hardened and tempered steel of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
1, EAF smelts
Ingredient is carried out by mentioned component, ingredient is sent to electric furnace and is smelted；In smelting process, controls and match into furnace molten iron
Than >=50%, steel scrap proportion≤50%, to meet the content requirement of copper in ingredient, lead, tin, arsenic, antimony；In addition, control electric furnace
Slag is forbidden in tapping P≤0.015%, tapping, and tapping temperature is controlled at 1640 DEG C or so.
2, LF refining
It is refined after smelting using refining furnace, is stirred using argon gas, argon pressure control is 0.26MPa or so, to obtain
Obtain the higher molten steel of degree of purity；When refining, refining time >=40min, white slag time >=20min are controlled.
At refining initial stage, depth is carried out by the way that 300kg lime/furnace, 800kg synthetic slag/furnace is added, while using silicon carbide
Deoxidization desulfuration controls the content of initial stage sulphur≤0.010%, and the basicity of steel slag is controlled in 1.5-2；In the refining later period, add
200kg silica sand makes the basicity of steel slag be reduced to 1.2-1.5.
In refining process, the content vacancy 0.16% or so of manganese is controlled, the other compositions except sulphur removal, manganese, nitrogen and aluminium are made
Content reaches target call.
3, VD is vacuum-treated
It is vacuum-treated after refining using vacuum degassing furnace, wherein vacuum keeps 15min or more at 66.7Pa, and
Controlling argon pressure under vacuum state is 0.30MPa or so.
After vacuum, 500 meters/furnace of nitrogenized manganese line is first fed, the content of manganese and nitrogen is made to reach target component requirement；Argon
After 3 minutes, aluminum steel is fed according to chemical composition analysis result, the content of aluminium is made to reach target component requirement；Then calcium iron is fed
50 meters/furnace of line carries out inclusions class；After Argon 15 minutes or more, mends and feed sulphur line, the content of sulphur is made to reach target component
It is required that.
4, continuous casting
It is cast after vacuum processing using continuous casting and steel billet is made, casting degree of superheat control is at 30 DEG C or so, constant casting speed control
For 0.50m/min, steel billet is used into hole Slow cooling and is generated to avoid the heart check of potassium steel.
5, it rolls, is cooling
Steel billet is rolled；Wherein, billet heating temperature is as follows: preheating section temperature≤900 DEG C；Bringing-up section temperature is
1160 DEG C or so；Soaking section temperature is 1190 DEG C or so；Heating time 2.5 hours or so.
Final rolling temperature≤900 DEG C are controlled, rear water mist is rolled and is cooled to 750 DEG C hereinafter, control cooling velocity is 20 DEG C/s.
After rolling, cooling, semi-finished product are detected using Infrared Surface flaw detection and ultrasound internal flaw detection, rejecting exists
The semi-finished product of defect successively pack qualified semi-finished product, are weighed, and final storage is finished product (the i.e. non-tune of the present embodiment
Matter steel).
Microstructure detection is carried out to above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel, the results showed that above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel is 34% or so by content
Pearlitic structrure and content be 66% or so ferritic structure form.
Above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel is detected using 1 method of embodiment, the results are shown in Table 1 to table 3.
Embodiment 5
The non-hardened and tempered steel of the present embodiment, contains following component by weight percentage: carbon: 0.20%, silicon: and 0.57%, manganese:
1.26%, chromium: 0.09%, aluminium: 0.014%, nickel: 0.02%, copper: 0.04%, phosphorus: 0.010%, sulphur: 0.052%, vanadium:
0.09%, nitrogen: 0.0171%, lead: 0.002%, tin: 0.006%, arsenic: 0.003%, antimony: 0.003%, surplus is iron.
The preparation method of the non-hardened and tempered steel of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
1, EAF smelts
Ingredient is carried out by mentioned component, ingredient is sent to electric furnace and is smelted；In smelting process, controls and match into furnace molten iron
Than >=50%, steel scrap proportion≤50%, to meet the content requirement of copper in ingredient, lead, tin, arsenic, antimony；In addition, control electric furnace
Slag is forbidden in tapping P≤0.015%, tapping, and tapping temperature is controlled at 1640 DEG C or so.
2, LF refining
It is refined after smelting using refining furnace, is stirred using argon gas, argon pressure control is 0.26MPa or so, to obtain
Obtain the higher molten steel of degree of purity；When refining, refining time >=40min, white slag time >=20min are controlled.
At refining initial stage, depth is carried out by the way that 300kg lime/furnace, 800kg synthetic slag/furnace is added, while using silicon carbide
Deoxidization desulfuration controls the content of initial stage sulphur≤0.010%, and the basicity of steel slag is controlled in 1.5-2；In the refining later period, add
200kg silica sand makes the basicity of steel slag be reduced to 1.2-1.5.
In refining process, the content vacancy 0.16% or so of manganese is controlled, the other compositions except sulphur removal, manganese, nitrogen and aluminium are made
Content reaches target call.
3, VD is vacuum-treated
It is vacuum-treated after refining using vacuum degassing furnace, wherein vacuum keeps 15min or more at 66.7Pa, and
Controlling argon pressure under vacuum state is 0.30MPa or so.
After vacuum, 500 meters/furnace of nitrogenized manganese line is first fed, the content of manganese and nitrogen is made to reach target component requirement；Argon
After 3 minutes, aluminum steel is fed according to chemical composition analysis result, the content of aluminium is made to reach target component requirement；Then calcium iron is fed
50 meters/furnace of line carries out inclusions class；After Argon 15 minutes or more, mends and feed sulphur line, the content of sulphur is made to reach target component
It is required that.
4, continuous casting
It is cast after vacuum processing using continuous casting and steel billet is made, casting degree of superheat control is at 30 DEG C or so, constant casting speed control
For 0.50m/min, steel billet is used into hole Slow cooling and is generated to avoid the heart check of potassium steel.
5, it rolls, is cooling
Steel billet is rolled；Wherein, billet heating temperature is as follows: preheating section temperature≤900 DEG C；Bringing-up section temperature is
1160 DEG C or so；Soaking section temperature is 1190 DEG C or so；Heating time 2.5 hours or so.
Final rolling temperature≤900 DEG C are controlled, rear water mist is rolled and is cooled to 750 DEG C hereinafter, control cooling velocity is 20 DEG C/s.
After rolling, cooling, semi-finished product are detected using Infrared Surface flaw detection and ultrasound internal flaw detection, rejecting exists
The semi-finished product of defect successively pack qualified semi-finished product, are weighed, and final storage is finished product (the i.e. non-tune of the present embodiment
Matter steel).
Microstructure detection is carried out to above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel, the results showed that above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel is 34% or so by content
Pearlitic structrure and content be 66% or so ferritic structure form.
Above-mentioned non-hardened and tempered steel is detected using 1 method of embodiment, the results are shown in Table 1 to table 3.
The mechanics properties testing result of each non-hardened and tempered steel of table 1
Table 1 the result shows that:
The non-hardened and tempered steel of various embodiments of the present invention has good mechanical property；Wherein, yield strength >=465MPa；It draws strong
Degree >=670MPa；Elongation percentage >=19%；The contraction percentage of area >=64.5%.
The non-metallic inclusion testing result of each non-hardened and tempered steel of table 2
Table 2 the result shows that:
The non-hardened and tempered steel non-metallic inclusion of various embodiments of the present invention: A is thick, thin≤3.0, B is thick, thin≤1.5, C is thick, thin≤
0.5, D slightly, carefully≤1.5.
The macrostructure testing result of each non-hardened and tempered steel of table 3
Table 3 the result shows that:
The non-hardened and tempered steel center porosity of various embodiments of the present invention, General Loosen, pattern segregation≤2.0 grade, no spot segregation
And non-metallic inclusion.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of non-hardened and tempered steel, which is characterized in that contain following component by weight percentage: carbon: 0.15-0.22%, silicon:
0.15-0.80%, manganese: 1.20-1.60%, chromium: 0.05-0.30%, aluminium: 0.010-0.030%, nickel: 0.00-0.10%, copper:
0.00-0.20%, phosphorus: 0.000-0.025%, sulphur: 0.020-0.060%, vanadium: 0.07-0.20%, nitrogen: 0.010-
0.020%, lead≤0.01%, tin≤0.01%, arsenic≤0.01%, antimony≤0.01%, surplus is iron.
2. non-hardened and tempered steel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that contain following component by weight percentage: carbon:
0.15-0.22%, silicon: 0.40-0.70%, manganese: 1.20-1.40%, chromium: 0.05-0.20%, aluminium: 0.010-0.020%, nickel:
0.00-0.05%, copper: 0.00-0.10%, phosphorus: 0.000-0.020%, sulphur: 0.040-0.060%, vanadium: 0.07-0.15%,
Nitrogen: 0.015-0.020%, lead≤0.005%, tin≤0.008%, arsenic≤0.008%, antimony≤0.006%, surplus are iron.
3. non-hardened and tempered steel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that contain following component by weight percentage: carbon:
0.19-0.20%, silicon: 0.50-0.60%, manganese: 1.20-1.30%, chromium: 0.05-0.10%, aluminium: 0.010-0.015%, nickel:
0.01-0.02%, copper: 0.04-0.10%, phosphorus: 0.005-0.015%, sulphur: 0.050-0.060%, vanadium: 0.07-0.09%,
Nitrogen: 0.015-0.018%, lead≤0.002%, tin≤0.006%, arsenic≤0.005%, antimony≤0.004%, surplus are iron.
4. non-hardened and tempered steel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the non-hardened and tempered steel includes pearlite group
It knits and ferritic structure, wherein the mass content of pearlitic structrure is 30-40%, and the mass content of ferritic structure is 60-
70%.
5. non-hardened and tempered steel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the yield strength of the non-hardened and tempered steel is big
In 440MPa；Tensile strength is greater than 610MPa；Elongation percentage is greater than 16%；The contraction percentage of area is greater than 55%.
6. the preparation method of any non-hardened and tempered steel of claim 1 to 5, which comprises the steps of:
1) ingredient is carried out by the ingredient, EAF smelting, LF refining, VD vacuum processing, continuous casting is carried out to ingredient, steel billet is made；
2) steel billet rolled, cooled down, obtain the non-hardened and tempered steel.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that stirred during LF refining using argon gas, argon gas
Pressure is 0.25-0.30MPa；In content≤0.010% of refining initial stage control sulphur, steel slag basicity is 1.5-2；In the refining later period
Control steel slag basicity is 1.2-1.5；The other compositions content except sulphur removal, manganese, nitrogen and aluminium is set to reach mesh during LF refining
Mark requires.
8. preparation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in VD vacuum process, control vacuum is kept
Time >=15min, argon pressure is 0.20-0.40MPa under vacuum state；After vacuum, first passing through feeding nitrogenized manganese line makes
Manganese and nitrogen content reach target call, and aluminum steel is fed after Argon makes aluminium content reach target call, then pass through feeding calcium iron
Line carries out inclusions class, and mending hello sulphur line after Argon 15min or more makes sulfur content reach target call.
9. preparation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in continuous casting process, control the degree of superheat be 40 DEG C with
Under, constant pulling rate is 0.4-0.6m/min, and generates crackle using into hole slow cooling mode to avoid center portion.
10. preparation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in step 2), control final rolling temperature≤900 DEG C, roll
Water mist is cooled to 750 DEG C hereinafter, control cooling velocity is 18-22 DEG C/min afterwards.
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| CN112143970A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-29 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | High-strength high-toughness non-quenched and tempered front axle steel and production method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008274393A (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-11-13 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Manufacturing method of high-strength, high-toughness ferrite/pearlite non-heat-treated steel forging part |
| CN103266287A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-08-28 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Medium-carbon ferrite-pearlite non-quenched and tempered steel and manufacturing method thereof |
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2017
- 2017-11-30 CN CN201711242885.6A patent/CN109852879B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008274393A (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-11-13 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Manufacturing method of high-strength, high-toughness ferrite/pearlite non-heat-treated steel forging part |
| CN103266287A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-08-28 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Medium-carbon ferrite-pearlite non-quenched and tempered steel and manufacturing method thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112143970A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-29 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | High-strength high-toughness non-quenched and tempered front axle steel and production method thereof |
| CN112143970B (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2022-05-31 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | High-strength high-toughness non-quenched and tempered front axle steel and production method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20220623 Address after: 3007, Hengqin international financial center building, No. 58, Huajin street, Hengqin new area, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519031 Patentee after: New founder holdings development Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: SUZHOU SUXIN SPECIAL STEEL Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: JIANGSU SUZHOU STEEL GROUP Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100871, Beijing, Haidian District, Cheng Fu Road, No. 298, Zhongguancun Fangzheng building, 9 floor Patentee before: PEKING UNIVERSITY FOUNDER GROUP Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: SUZHOU SUXIN SPECIAL STEEL Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: JIANGSU SUZHOU STEEL GROUP Co.,Ltd. |