CN109852859B - High-strength-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a gravity-cast high-strength-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 4.0-10.0% of RE, 2.0-6.0% of Zn, 0.5-1.2% of Al, 0.1-0.3% of Mn, 0.01-0.08% of M and the balance of Mg; wherein M is Ti, and B is one or two elements. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) batching according to the components of the Mg-Y-Er alloy; (2) melting an industrial pure magnesium ingot; (3) heating to 700 ℃, and melting the industrial pure zinc, Mg-Y, Mg-Er and Mg-Mn intermediate alloy; (4) heating to 730 ℃, adding industrial pure aluminum ingots, Al-Ti and Al-Ti-B, Al-B intermediate alloys, completely melting, and refining to obtain a magnesium alloy melt; (5) gravity casting; (6) secondary solid solution and artificial aging treatment. After the alloy is subjected to gravity casting, secondary solution treatment and artificial aging heat treatment, the tensile strength at room temperature is 296MPa, and the elongation is 18%; the tensile strength at high temperature of 200 ℃ is 212MPa, the elongation is 23%, and the high-end requirement of aerospace, military industry, automobile and other industries on light weight development is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-strength, high-toughness and heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting, which meets the high-end requirement of industries such as aerospace, automobiles, telecommunication and the like on light weight development. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the high-strength-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting, belonging to the field of industrial magnesium alloy and manufacturing.
Background
The magnesium alloy is used as the lightest engineering metal material (the density of magnesium is 2/3 of aluminum and 1/4 of steel), the specific strength of the magnesium alloy is obviously higher than that of aluminum alloy and steel, the specific stiffness of the magnesium alloy is equivalent to that of the aluminum alloy and the steel but far higher than that of engineering plastics, and the magnesium alloy has a series of advantages of good castability, good cutting processability, good thermal conductivity, strong damping property and electromagnetic shielding capability, easy recovery and the like, and has wide application prospects in the fields of aviation, aerospace, automobiles, electronics, national defense war industry and the like. Magnesium alloys have become ideal materials to replace aluminum alloys, steel and engineering plastics to achieve light weight, with the most promising replacement potential being aluminum alloys. The cast aluminum alloy has the necessary toughness and thermal stability, and is widely used for producing parts such as engine cylinder blocks, cylinder covers, wheel hubs and the like at present, and the representative alloys are A354, A356 and A380. If magnesium alloy is substituted for cast aluminum alloy, it must have equivalent toughness and be inexpensive and easy to cast. Gravity casting refers to a casting method for injecting molten metal into a casting mold under the action of earth gravity, and comprises sand casting, investment casting, metal mold casting and the like. Compared with the alloy die casting process which is generally adopted at present, the investment cost of gravity casting is greatly reduced, and the method is a main method for producing castings with complicated geometric shapes.
The Mg-Al magnesium alloy is applied earliest, and the main alloy elements of the Mg-Al magnesium alloy have larger atomic radius difference between aluminum and magnesium and larger solid solubility in magnesium, and play the roles of solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening in the alloy. After a small amount of Mn is found in 1925 to remarkably improve the corrosion resistance of Mg-Al-Zn magnesium alloy, AZ (such as AZ91) and AM magnesium alloy (such as AM60 and AM50) are developed into commercial magnesium alloy which is most widely applied at present. However, AZ and AM magnesium alloys have very poor high temperature creep properties, more than an order of magnitude lower than conventional alloys, and rapidly decrease in tensile strength at temperatures above 150 ℃ due to the supersaturated alpha-Mg matrix Mg at grain boundaries during high temperature creep17Al12The phases are separated out discontinuously. The heat resistance of Mg-Al alloy is improved by adding alloy elements to improve the characteristics (crystal structure, form and thermal stability) of precipitated phases, but the normal-temperature and high-temperature mechanical properties of the Mg-Al alloy still can not reach the level of cast aluminum alloy, so that the application development of the Mg-Al alloy is severely limited. For example, patent document CN109136701A (a sand gravity casting magnesium alloy material and a method for producing the same) discloses magnesium alloy with the following components: 3.5-4.5 wt.% of Al, 0.5-4.5 wt.% of one or more of La, Ce and Pr, 0.2-0.5 wt.% of Mn, 0.01-2.5 wt.% of Gd, Y, Sm, Nd, Er, Eu, Ho, Tm, Lu, Dy and YbOr a plurality of mixed rare earths, and the rest is Mg; the reported best normal temperature mechanical properties of the alloy: the tensile strength is 231MPa, and the elongation is 11.4%.
The maximum solid solubility of Zn in Mg is up to 6.2 wt%, which is an important alloying element of high-strength magnesium alloy. Typical Mg-Zn-based cast magnesium alloys include ZK51A and ZK60A, and wrought alloys include ZK21A, ZK31, ZK40A, ZK60A, and ZK61, and the like. As the Zn content increases, the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy increase, the elongation after fracture slightly decreases, but the casting properties, process plasticity and welding properties deteriorate, and the tendency to hot crack is very severe, particularly because of the excessively wide solidification range (for example, the solidification range of ZK60 is as high as 265 ℃, Journal of Materials Science,45(14) (2010) 3797-. The beneficial effect of rare earth element RE (rare earth element) on the strength performance of magnesium alloy and the grain refining effect of zirconium on the magnesium alloy are discovered in the thirties of the twentieth century, and in the Mg-RE-Zr system (EK30, EK31 and EK41), EK31 becomes the highest-developed high-temperature casting magnesium alloy in the Mg-Zr system. Magnesium rare earth alloys based on rare earth RE elements have excellent age hardening effect, and various novel magnesium alloys taking RE as a main element, such as WE54 and WE43 alloys of Mg-Y series, are developed in sequence. Patent document with application publication number CN1676646A (high-strength heat-resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof) discloses a preparation method of high-strength heat-resistant magnesium alloy, and the invented Mg-Gd-Y-Zr (-Ca) rare earth magnesium alloy comprises the following components by weight percent: 6-15% of Gd, 1-6% of Y, 0.35-0.8% of Zr, 0-1.5% of Ca, less than 0.02% of the total amount of impurity elements Si, Fe, Cu and Ni and the balance of Mg. However, when the alloy is used for sand casting, the grain size reaches 90 μm, and the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the cast T6 alloy are only 295MPa, 212MPa and 2.2% respectively (the patent document with the application publication number of CN104928548A discloses a high-strength heat-resistant magnesium alloy suitable for sand casting and a preparation method thereof); meanwhile, the addition of Ca increases the yield strength and high-temperature strength of the alloy, also sharply increases the solidification temperature range of the alloy, increases the hot cracking tendency, and reduces the processing performance of the alloy.
Because of the similar properties and atomic radii of Er and Y, researchers have generally incorporated Mg-Er groupsThe performance of the alloy is improved by adding Y into the gold, because the solid solubility of Er in the alloy is reduced by adding Y element, the original crystal lattice nodes of part of Er are replaced, and the precipitation of rare earth phase is promoted. The addition of cheap Zn in Mg-RE alloy not only has a remarkable effect on regulating the aging precipitation structure of the alloy system, but also can form various strengthening phases under the conditions of different Zn/RE (RE is Y and/or Er) ratios: when the Zn/RE atomic ratio in the alloy is more than or equal to 6.0, an icosahedral quasicrystal structure I phase (Mg) is easily formed3Zn6RE comprises Mg3Zn6Y、Mg3Zn6Er and Mg3Zn6(Y, Er)); the W phase (Mg) of face-centered cubic structure is easily formed when the Zn/RE atomic ratio in the alloy is between 1.5 and 6.03Zn3RE2Comprising Mg3Zn3Y2、Mg3Zn3Er2And Mg3Zn3(Y,Er)2) And phase I; the W phase and the LPSO phase (Mg) of the long-period stacking ordered structure are easily formed when the Zn/RE atomic ratio in the alloy is between 1.0 and 1.512ZnRE comprises Mg12ZnGd、Mg12ZnY and Mg12Zn (Y, Er)); when the Zn/RE atomic ratio in the alloy is less than or equal to 1.0, LPSO phase is easily formed (Materials Letter,59(29) (2005) 3801-. The Mg-RE-Zn strengthening phases can further improve the room temperature strength and the high temperature performance of the magnesium alloy, and the patent document with the application publication number of CN104653693A (rare earth wrought magnesium alloy containing trace Al and a preparation method thereof) discloses a rare earth wrought magnesium alloy containing trace Al, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6.5-15.0% of Gd, 3.0-5.5% of Y, 2.0-4.0% of Zn, 0.3-1.5% of Nd, 0.3-0.9% of Zr, 0.4-1.0% of Al and the balance of Mg; the preparation method comprises the steps of raw material preparation, alloy smelting, alloy semi-solid extrusion, homogenization treatment, re-deformation, cooling, pre-stretching treatment, aging strengthening treatment and the like. The technical problems of the invention are as follows: in the range of the alloy composition provided by the invention, the added Nd rare earth element promotes the formation of coarse massive Mg5(Gd, Y, Nd) phases, the corresponding reduction of the number of Mg-RE-Zn strengthening phases thereof leads to performance degradation; all in oneThe contents of rare earth elements Gd, Y and Nd are too high, and the price of the expensive rare earth and the complex preparation process cause that the invention is difficult to be applied on a large scale in industry. The patent document CN102212727A, Chinese invention patent ZL201110155378.5 (authigenic quasicrystal reinforced Mg-Zn-Y alloy and melting method thereof) discloses a authigenic quasicrystal reinforced Mg-Zn-Y alloy, which comprises the following chemical components by mass percent: 3.0-10.0% of Zn, 0.5-3.0% of Y, 0.05-1.0% of Al-Ti-C, and the balance of Mg and inevitable impurities; the preparation method comprises smelting and casting, wherein when the temperature of a smelted melt is reduced to 700-720 ℃, Al-Ti-C intermediate alloy is added, ultrasonic waves are introduced into the melt, and the melt is cast after ultrasonic treatment; the tensile strength of the self-generated quasicrystal reinforced Mg-Zn-Y alloy can reach 260MPa, and the elongation is 10.6%. The technology of the invention still has the following problems: the Zn/Y mass ratio content of the alloy is too high, a quasicrystal I phase is formed, and meanwhile, the solidification interval is too large, so that casting defects are easily generated; moreover, the introduction of ultrasonic treatment makes the operation complicated and thus makes it difficult to industrially apply the ultrasonic treatment on a large scale. Under the conventional solidification condition, the Mg-Y-Er-Zn alloy has coarse grains, the precipitated phase is often in a coarse network structure, the mechanical property of the Mg-Y-Er-Zn alloy is deteriorated, and the size of the precipitated phase must be adjusted through thermal deformation or heat treatment solid solution and aging so as to play a role of a strengthening phase.
The Mg-Y-Er-Zn alloy is usually added with Zr as a grain refining element to refine the coarse microstructure. The currently reported Zr adding modes comprise sponge Zr, halogen salt of Zr, Zn-Zr intermediate alloy, Mg-Zr intermediate alloy and the like, wherein the Mg-Zr intermediate alloy has the advantages of convenient use, less inclusion, good refining effect and the like, and is the currently main mode for adding Zr. The patent document with application publication number CN106756370A (a high-strength and high-toughness corrosion-resistant and flame-proof Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy and a preparation method thereof) discloses a high-strength and high-toughness corrosion-resistant and flame-proof Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: gd is between 3.0 and 9.0 percent, Y is between 1.0 and 6.0 percent, Zn is between 0.5 and 3.0 percent, Zr is between 0.2 and 1.5 percent, and the balance is Mg and inevitable impurities. At present, Zr-added grain refinement still has a plurality of problems: firstly, the Mg-Zr intermediate alloy has complex preparation process and high energy consumption, which leads to the complex preparation process and the high energy consumptionThe price is high, so that the product cost is increased by using Mg-Zr intermediate alloy to refine crystal grains; secondly, Zr has strong chemical activity and is easy to react with atmosphere and furnace gas at high temperature, and when a steel crucible is used and the temperature of a melt is higher than 750 ℃, Zr is easy to react with Fe in the crucible to generate a stable intermetallic compound Fe2Zr, all of which result in high Zr loss; much Zr in Mg-Zr intermediate alloy exists in the form of large-size simple substance Zr particles, the Zr particles are difficult to dissolve in the melt due to the high melting point (1852 ℃) of Zr, and the density of Zr is far higher than that of magnesium melt (the density of Zr is 6.52 g/cm)3The density of the pure magnesium melt was 1.58g/cm3) And is liable to precipitate to the bottom of the crucible, resulting in a low yield of Zr.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a gravity-cast high-strength-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the industrial problem that the application of the existing cast magnesium alloy is greatly limited because the performance of the cast aluminum alloy such as A380 and the like cannot be achieved due to insufficient strength and heat resistance, and the alloy has room-temperature tensile strength of 296MPa and elongation of 18 percent after the alloy is subjected to gravity casting heat treatment; the tensile strength at high temperature of 200 ℃ is 212MPa, and the elongation is 23%.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the high-strength-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.0-10.0% of RE, 2.0-6.0% of Zn, 0.5-1.2% of Al, 0.1-0.3% of Mn, 0.01-0.08% of M, and the balance of Mg and other inevitable impurities, wherein RE is the combination of Y and Er, and M is one or two of Ti and B.
The invention discloses a high-strength-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting, which has the following innovation points:
(1) in the alloy design, except common metals of Zn, Al and Mn and a small amount of Ti and B elements, heavy rare earth elements of Y and Er are selected as alloying elements. Alloying heavy rare earth RE elements (RE is Y and Er), Zn and matrix Mg elements form a ternary Mg-RE-Zn strengthening phase, particularly the mass ratio of Zn to RE is 0.2-0.8, wherein the mass of Y/Er in RE compositionThe ratio is in the range of 0.25 to 4, on the one hand, the alloy of the invention mainly forms LPSO phase (Mg) with long-period stacking ordered structure12ZnRE comprises Mg12ZnY、Mg12ZnEr and Mg12Zn (Y, Er)) and face-centered cubic structure W phase (Mg)3Zn3RE2Comprising Mg3Zn3Y2、Mg3Zn3Er2And Mg3Zn3(Y,Er)2) All are high melting point phases; compared with binary Mg-Y strengthening, the ternary Mg-RE-Zn strengthening phases LPSO and W have better high-temperature stability in a magnesium matrix, avoid performance reduction caused by dissolution of a precipitation strengthening phase, effectively enhance the room-temperature mechanical property and the high-temperature property of the gravity-cast high-strength-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy, and particularly improve the high-temperature creep property at 300 ℃ by more than one order of magnitude. On the other hand, the invention solves the technical problem that the toughness and the casting process performance of the traditional Mg-Zn-RE alloy are reduced due to the fact that the solidification interval is too large and the hot cracking defect is easily generated due to too high Zn content.
(2) The RE element added in the gravity-cast high-strength and high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy is the mixed rare earth of Y and Er, and does not adopt the mixed rare earth of Y or Er and commonly used Ce, La, Nd and Pr, and the reason is that: on one hand, if the alloy is added with common rare earth elements such as Ce, La, Nd and Pr, the solidification temperature range of the alloy is enlarged along with the increase of the content of the common rare earth elements such as Ce, so that the alloy segregation and the casting process performance are poor, and casting defects are easily formed; on the other hand, with the increase of the content of common rare earth elements such as Ce, the main strengthening phase W, LPSO phase precipitated from the alloy is gradually transformed into (Mg, Zn)12The RE phase causes a rapid decrease in the amount of W, LPSO strengthening phases that stabilize the composition in the alloy, resulting in a decrease in the precipitation strengthening effect. In addition, Er has little influence on plasticity while improving the strength of the alloy, and the combination of Y and Er has better composite effect on the improvement of the alloy performance than the combination of single addition.
(3) The precipitated phases of Mg-Y-Er-Zn alloy are often in a coarse network structure under the conventional solidification condition, the mechanical properties of the Mg-Y-Er-Zn alloy are deteriorated, and the size of the precipitated phases must be adjusted to play the role of the Mg-Y-Er-Zn alloy through hot deformation or heat treatment solid solution and agingStrengthening the function of the phase. Zr is usually added into the alloy as a grain refining element, the alloy element of the invention contains Al, Mn and rare earth Y alloy elements, and the elements are combined with Zr to form Al3Zr and the like are precipitated on the bottom of the crucible to prevent the crystal grain refinement of zirconium. On the other hand, researches show that the Mg-Y-Er-Zn alloy with Zr refining has poor structure thermal stability, and crystal grains are rapidly coarsened when the temperature is kept at 550 ℃, so that the high-temperature performance is greatly reduced. In order to solve the problems, 0.5-1.2% of Al is added to the alloy of the invention to replace Zr to form dispersed high-melting-point Al2Y、Al3The Er phase not only refines the structure of the alloy, but also ensures the high-temperature stability of the magnesium alloy structure with high-temperature phases such as LPSO and the like. Meanwhile, Al and a small amount of Ti and B play a role in composite grain refinement, the alloy structure is further refined, and the toughness of the alloy is improved. The alloy element of the invention is added with a small amount of Mn, which not only can promote the formation of LPSO phase, improve the high-temperature stability of the alloy, but also can improve the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy.
(4) In order to reduce the hot cracking tendency in the casting process of the Mg-Gd-Zn alloy, the mass ratio of Y/Er is limited to be 0.25-4, the mass ratio of Zn/RE is 0.2-0.8, and the mass ratio of (Zn + Al)/RE is 0.3-1.0. Under the condition of the mass ratio, the alloy of the invention obtains a narrower solidification interval, thereby overcoming the hot cracking tendency in the casting process of Mg-Y-Er-Zn alloy and improving the casting process performance of the alloy.
The preparation method of the high-strength-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting comprises the following steps:
(1) properly considering the burning loss, calculating the consumption of required raw materials (industrial pure magnesium ingot, industrial pure zinc, industrial pure aluminum ingot, Mg-Y intermediate alloy, Mg-Er intermediate alloy, Mg-Mn intermediate alloy, Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy and Al-B intermediate alloy) according to the components and the stoichiometric ratio of the Mg-Y-Er alloy; removing oxide layers of industrial pure magnesium ingots, industrial pure zinc, industrial pure aluminum ingots, Mg-Y intermediate alloys, Mg-Er intermediate alloys and Mg-Mn intermediate alloys, drying and preheating to 200 ℃.
(2) Melting industrial pure magnesium ingot accounting for 25% of the height of the crucible into a molten pool at 680 DEG CThen, protective gas is introduced, and the rest magnesium ingot is added. The protective gas is argon or SF with volume fraction of 0.2%6And CO2Mixed gas (i.e. SF)6Volume fraction of 0.2%, CO299.8% by volume).
(3) After the magnesium ingot is completely melted, heating to 700 ℃, adding industrial pure zinc, Mg-Y, Mg-Er and Mg-Mn intermediate alloy for 2-4 times, keeping the temperature constant at 700 ℃, stirring until the industrial pure zinc, the Mg-Y, Mg-Er and the Mg-Mn intermediate alloy are completely melted, and keeping the temperature for 30 min. The Mg-Y intermediate alloy is MgY25 or MgY30, the Mg-Er intermediate alloy is MgEr25 or MgEr30, and the Mg-Mn intermediate alloy is MgMn 10.
(4) Heating to 730 ℃ after 40-60 min before gravity casting, adding a refining agent for refining after all the industrial pure aluminum ingot, the Al-Ti intermediate alloy, the Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy and the Al-B intermediate alloy which are sequentially added are melted, heating the furnace to 750 ℃, keeping the temperature and standing for 10-20 min, and promoting the settlement of impurities to obtain the magnesium alloy melt. The Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy is AlTi5B1, the Al-B intermediate alloy is AlB3 or AlB8, and the Al-Ti intermediate alloy is AlTi5 or AlTi 10. The refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55% KCl and 25% CaCl2、5％CaF2、15％BaCl2. The addition amount of the refining agent is 1.0-3.5% of the total weight of the raw materials, the refining temperature when the refining agent is added for refining is 720-730 ℃, and the stirring time of refining treatment is 10-15 min.
(5) And cooling the magnesium alloy melt to 720-740 ℃ for deslagging, pouring the melt into a sand mold casting mold or a 180-250 ℃ metal mold preheated to 25-150 ℃ through gravity casting, and cooling to obtain the high-strength-toughness heat-resistant cast Mg-Y-Er alloy.
(6) And sequentially carrying out secondary solution treatment and artificial aging treatment on the obtained as-cast alloy to obtain the required high-strength-toughness heat-resistant cast Mg-Y-Er alloy.
The secondary solution treatment step of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting comprises the following steps: putting the as-cast alloy into a solid solution furnace, heating to 200 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and introducing protective gas (the protective gas is argon or SF with the volume fraction of 0.2 percent)6And CO2Mixed gas (i.e. SF)6Volume fraction of 0.2%, CO2The volume fraction is 99.8 percent), continuously heating to the first-stage solid solution temperature of 480-490 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 36-48 hours; and then slowly raising the temperature to 535-545 ℃ of the second-stage solution treatment at a speed of 10 ℃/h, preserving the temperature for 1-2 h, and then quickly transferring to a quenching device for water-cooling quenching.
The artificial aging treatment process of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the quenched alloy into an aging furnace, heating to 185-215 ℃ at the temperature of artificial aging treatment at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 12-36 h, discharging from the furnace, and air cooling to room temperature.
The secondary solution treatment process parameters are as follows: the primary solid solution temperature is 480-490 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 36-48 h; the temperature of the second-stage solid solution is 535-545 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-2 h;
the technological parameters of the artificial aging treatment are as follows: the aging temperature is 185-215 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12-36 h.
The preparation method of the gravity-cast high-strength-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy has the following innovation points: (1) adding Mg-Y, Mg-Er intermediate alloy which is easy to burn and lose at 700 ℃, and melting in the low-temperature melt in a heat preservation way, thereby improving the yield of the rare earth Y and the Er; (2) the refining treatment adopts MgCl-free2The special refining agent further reduces the burning loss of the rare earth Y and Er in the refining process; (3) the heat treatment of the high-strength high-toughness heat-resistant cast Mg-Y-Er alloy comprises two procedures of solution treatment and aging treatment. The first-stage temperature of the secondary solution treatment is 480-490 ℃, the time is 36-48 h, the solubility of Y, Er and Zn in a magnesium matrix is fully promoted, and coarse precipitated phases such as LPSO and the like are eliminated; the temperature of the first stage of the secondary solution treatment is 535-545 ℃ for 1-2 h, the short-time heat preservation further eliminates undissolved coarse phases such as LPSO and the like, eliminates zone segregation and intragranular segregation existing in the casting, homogenizes the components of the alloy, improves the performance of the alloy and prevents the phenomenon of overburning caused by heat treatment. Keeping the furnace temperature at 185-215 ℃, preserving the temperature for 12-36 h, carrying out aging treatment, and finally precipitating a nano-grade and finely dispersed strengthening phase in alloy crystal after long-time aging, so that the alloy can also be used as a strengthening materialExcellent room temperature and high temperature performance. The heat treatment of the invention has the advantages of stable alloy components, no obvious growth of crystal grains, obvious improvement of alloy performance, simple method, safety, reliability and convenient operation.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
after the high-strength and high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting is subjected to gravity casting, secondary solution treatment and artificial aging heat treatment, the room-temperature tensile strength is 296MPa, and the elongation is 18%; the tensile strength at high temperature of 200 ℃ is 212MPa, the elongation is 23 percent, and the comprehensive performance reaches the performance of cast aluminum alloy; the preparation method has the advantages of simple process, high efficiency, suitability for large-scale production and the like, and meets the high-end requirements of the industries of aerospace, war industry, automobiles and the like on light weight development.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure diagram of an alloy prepared in example 5.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The weight percentage of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy cast by gravity is as follows: according to the theoretical mixture ratio, 1.0% of Er, 3.0% of Y, 3.2% of Zn, 0.8% of Al, 0.3% of Mn, 0.01% of Ti and 0.01% of B, and the balance of Mg and other inevitable impurities.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) properly considering the burning loss, calculating the consumption of the required raw materials according to the components and the stoichiometric ratio of the Mg-Y-Er alloy; removing oxide layers of industrial pure magnesium ingots, industrial pure zinc, industrial pure aluminum ingots and intermediate alloys of MgY30, MgEr30 and MgMn10, drying and preheating to 200 ℃.
(2) Melting industrial pure magnesium ingot accounting for 25% of the height of the crucible into a molten pool at 680 ℃, introducing protective gas argon, and adding the rest magnesium ingot.
(3) After the magnesium ingot is completely melted, heating to 700 ℃, adding the industrial pure zinc and the intermediate alloy of MgY30, MgEr30 and MgMn10 for 2-4 times, keeping the temperature constant at 700 ℃, stirring until the intermediate alloy is completely melted, and keeping the temperature for 30 min.
(4) Heating to 730 ℃ after 40-60 min before gravity casting, adding a refining agent accounting for 1% of the weight of the raw materials for refining after sequentially adding an industrial pure aluminum ingot, an AlTi5 intermediate alloy and an AlB3 intermediate alloy to be completely melted, wherein the refining temperature is 730 ℃, the stirring time of refining treatment is 10min, and the refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55% KCl and 25% CaCl2、5％CaF2、15％BaCl2. And (4) raising the temperature of the furnace to 750 ℃, preserving the temperature and standing for 10 minutes to promote the settlement of impurities, thereby obtaining the magnesium alloy melt.
(5) And cooling the magnesium alloy melt to 720 ℃, skimming surface scum, pouring the melt into a metal mold preheated to 180 ℃ through gravity casting, and cooling to obtain the high-strength-toughness heat-resistant cast Mg-Y-Er alloy.
(6) Sequentially carrying out secondary solution treatment on the obtained as-cast alloy, putting the cast alloy into a solution furnace, heating to 200 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and introducing SF containing 0.2% of volume fraction6And CO2The mixed gas is continuously heated to 480 ℃ of the first-stage solid solution temperature at the speed of 5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 36h, then the mixed gas is slowly heated to 535 ℃ of the second-stage solid solution temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/h, and the mixed gas is quickly transferred to a quenching device for water cooling quenching after the temperature is kept for 1 h.
(7) And (3) carrying out artificial aging treatment on the cast alloy after the solution treatment, putting the quenched alloy into an aging furnace, heating to 185 ℃ of the artificial aging treatment at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 12h, discharging from the furnace, and carrying out air cooling to room temperature to obtain the high-strength high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting.
Respectively carrying out a-room temperature tensile test on the prepared high-strength high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy; b, performing high-temperature tensile property test at 200 ℃ after 200-hour heat exposure treatment at 200 ℃. The high-strength and high-toughness heat-resistant magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment has the room-temperature tensile strength of 268MPa and the elongation of 23 percent; the tensile strength at high temperature of 200 ℃ is 183MPa, and the elongation is 33%.
Example 2
The weight percentage of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy cast by gravity is as follows: according to the theoretical mixture ratio, 1.2% of Er, 4.8% of Y, 2.0% of Zn, 1.2% of Al, 0.1% of Mn, 0.08% of Ti, and the balance of Mg and other inevitable impurities.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) properly considering the burning loss, calculating the consumption of the required raw materials according to the components and the stoichiometric ratio of the Mg-Y-Er alloy; removing oxide layers of industrial pure magnesium ingots, industrial pure zinc, industrial pure aluminum ingots and intermediate alloys of MgY30, MgEr30 and MgMn10, drying and preheating to 200 ℃; and calculating the consumption of the required raw materials according to the components and the stoichiometric ratio of the alloy.
(2) Melting industrial pure magnesium ingot accounting for 25% of the height of the crucible into a molten pool at 680 ℃, and introducing protective gas containing 0.2% of SF by volume fraction6And CO2The remaining magnesium ingot is added to the mixed gas of (1).
(3) After the magnesium ingot is completely melted, heating to 700 ℃, adding the industrial pure zinc and the intermediate alloy of MgY30, MgEr30 and MgMn10 for 2-4 times, keeping the temperature constant at 700 ℃, stirring until the intermediate alloy is completely melted, and keeping the temperature for 30 min.
(4) Heating to 730 ℃ after 40-60 min before gravity casting, adding a refining agent accounting for 3.5% of the weight of the raw materials for refining after sequentially adding an industrial pure aluminum ingot and an AlTi10 intermediate alloy and completely melting, wherein the refining temperature is 730 ℃, the stirring time of the refining treatment is 10min, and the refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55% KCl and 25% CaCl2、5％CaF2、15％BaCl2. And (4) raising the temperature of the furnace to 750 ℃, preserving the temperature and standing for 10 minutes to promote the settlement of impurities, thereby obtaining the magnesium alloy melt.
(5) And cooling the magnesium alloy melt to 740 ℃, skimming surface scum, pouring the melt into a metal mold preheated to 250 ℃ through gravity casting, and cooling to obtain the high-strength-toughness heat-resistant cast Mg-Y-Er alloy.
(6) And sequentially carrying out secondary solution treatment on the obtained as-cast alloy, putting the cast alloy into a solution furnace, heating to 200 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, introducing protective gas argon, continuously heating to 490 ℃ of the first-stage solution temperature at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 48h, slowly heating to 545 ℃ of the second-stage solution temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/h, preserving heat for 2h, and quickly transferring to a quenching device for water-cooling quenching.
(7) And (3) carrying out artificial aging treatment on the cast alloy after the solution treatment, putting the quenched alloy into an aging furnace, heating to the artificial aging treatment temperature of 215 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 36h, discharging from the furnace, and carrying out air cooling to room temperature to obtain the high-strength high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting.
Respectively carrying out a-room temperature tensile test on the prepared high-strength high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy; b, performing high-temperature tensile property test at 200 ℃ after 200-hour heat exposure treatment at 200 ℃. The high-strength and high-toughness heat-resistant magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment has the room-temperature tensile strength of 281MPa and the elongation of 20 percent; the tensile strength at high temperature of 200 ℃ is 194MPa, and the elongation is 27%.
Example 3
The weight percentage of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy cast by gravity is as follows: 8.0% of Er, 2.0% of Y, 2.0% of Zn, 1.0% of Al, 0.2% of Mn, 0.05% of Ti and 0.03% of B, and the balance of Mg and other inevitable impurities according to the theoretical proportion.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) properly considering the burning loss, calculating the consumption of the required raw materials according to the components and the stoichiometric ratio of the Mg-Y-Er alloy; removing oxide layers of industrial pure magnesium ingots, industrial pure zinc, industrial pure aluminum ingots and intermediate alloys of MgY30, MgEr30 and MgMn10, drying and preheating to 200 ℃.
(2) Melting industrial pure magnesium ingot accounting for 25% of the height of the crucible into a molten pool at 680 ℃, introducing protective gas argon, and adding the rest magnesium ingot.
(3) After the magnesium ingot is completely melted, heating to 700 ℃, adding the industrial pure zinc and the intermediate alloy of MgY30, MgEr30 and MgMn10 for 2-4 times, keeping the temperature constant at 700 ℃, stirring until the intermediate alloy is completely melted, and keeping the temperature for 30 min.
(4) Heating to 730 ℃ 40-60 min before gravity casting, adding refining agent accounting for 2.5 percent of the weight of the raw materials for refining after completely melting industrial pure aluminum ingot, AlTi5B1 intermediate alloy and AlB8 intermediate alloy in sequence, wherein the refining temperature is 720 ℃, and the refining is carried outStirring for 15min, wherein the refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55% KCl and 25% CaCl2、5％CaF2、15％BaCl2. And (4) raising the temperature of the furnace to 750 ℃, preserving the temperature and standing for 10 minutes to promote the settlement of impurities, thereby obtaining the magnesium alloy melt.
(5) And cooling the magnesium alloy melt to 730 ℃, skimming surface scum, pouring the melt into a sand mold casting mold at the room temperature of 25 ℃ through gravity casting, and cooling to obtain the high-strength high-toughness heat-resistant casting Mg-Y-Er alloy.
(6) And sequentially carrying out secondary solution treatment on the obtained as-cast alloy, putting the cast alloy into a solution furnace, heating to 200 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, introducing protective gas argon, continuously heating to the first-stage solution temperature of 485 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 42h, slowly heating to the second-stage solution temperature of 540 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/h, preserving heat for 1.5h, and then quickly transferring to a quenching device for water-cooling quenching.
(7) And (3) carrying out artificial aging treatment on the cast alloy after the solution treatment, putting the quenched alloy into an aging furnace, heating to the artificial aging treatment temperature of 200 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 24h, discharging from the furnace, and carrying out air cooling to room temperature to obtain the high-strength high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting.
Respectively carrying out a-room temperature tensile test on the prepared high-strength high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy; b, performing high-temperature tensile property test at 200 ℃ after 200-hour heat exposure treatment at 200 ℃. The room-temperature tensile strength of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-resistant magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment is 296MPa, and the elongation is 18%; the tensile strength at high temperature of 200 ℃ is 212MPa, and the elongation is 23%.
Example 4
The weight percentage of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy cast by gravity is as follows: 4.0% of Er, 4.0% of Y, 6.0% of Zn, 0.5% of Al, 0.2% of Mn, 0.08% of B and the balance of Mg and other inevitable impurities according to the theoretical proportion.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) properly considering the burning loss, calculating the consumption of the required raw materials according to the components and the stoichiometric ratio of the Mg-Y-Er alloy; removing oxide layers of industrial pure magnesium ingots, industrial pure zinc, industrial pure aluminum ingots and intermediate alloys of MgY30, MgEr30 and MgMn10, drying and preheating to 200 ℃.
(2) Melting industrial pure magnesium ingot accounting for 25% of the height of the crucible into a molten pool at 680 ℃, and introducing SF containing 0.2% of volume fraction6And CO2The remaining magnesium ingot is added to the mixed protective gas of (1).
(3) After the magnesium ingot is completely melted, heating to 700 ℃, adding the industrial pure zinc and the intermediate alloy of MgY30, MgEr30 and MgMn10 for 2-4 times, keeping the temperature constant at 700 ℃, stirring until the intermediate alloy is completely melted, and keeping the temperature for 30 min.
(4) Heating to 730 ℃ after 40-60 min before gravity casting, adding a refining agent accounting for 3.0% of the weight of the raw materials for refining after sequentially adding an industrial pure aluminum ingot and an AlB8 intermediate alloy and completely melting, wherein the refining temperature is 720 ℃, the stirring time of refining treatment is 15min, and the refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55% KCl and 25% CaCl2、5％CaF2、15％BaCl2. And (4) raising the temperature of the furnace to 750 ℃, preserving the temperature and standing for 10 minutes to promote the settlement of impurities, thereby obtaining the magnesium alloy melt.
(5) And cooling the magnesium alloy melt to 720 ℃, skimming surface scum, pouring the melt into a sand mold casting mould preheated to 150 ℃ through gravity casting, and cooling to obtain the high-strength-toughness heat-resistant cast Mg-Y-Er alloy.
(6) Sequentially carrying out secondary solution treatment on the obtained as-cast alloy, putting the cast alloy into a solution furnace, heating to 200 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and introducing SF containing 0.2% of volume fraction6And CO2The mixed protective gas is continuously heated to 480 ℃ of the first-stage solid solution temperature at the speed of 5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 48 hours, then the temperature is slowly heated to 535 ℃ of the second-stage solid solution temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/h, and the temperature is kept for 2 hours and then the steel plate is quickly transferred to a quenching device for water cooling quenching.
(7) And (3) carrying out artificial aging treatment on the cast alloy after the solution treatment, putting the quenched alloy into an aging furnace, heating to the temperature of 185 ℃ of the artificial aging treatment at the rate of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 36h, discharging from the furnace, and carrying out air cooling to room temperature to obtain the high-strength high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting.
Respectively carrying out a-room temperature tensile test on the prepared high-strength high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy; b, performing high-temperature tensile property test at 200 ℃ after 200-hour heat exposure treatment at 200 ℃. The room-temperature tensile strength of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-resistant magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment is 292MPa, and the elongation is 21%; the tensile strength at high temperature of 200 ℃ is 207MPa, and the elongation is 25%.
Example 5
The weight percentage of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy cast by gravity is as follows: 4.0% of Er, 2.0% of Y, 4.2% of Zn, 1.2% of Al, 0.3% of Mn, 0.04% of Ti and 0.04% of B, and the balance of Mg and other inevitable impurities according to the theoretical proportion.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) properly considering the burning loss, calculating the consumption of the required raw materials according to the components and the stoichiometric ratio of the Mg-Y-Er alloy; removing oxide layers of industrial pure magnesium ingots, industrial pure zinc, industrial pure aluminum ingots and intermediate alloys of MgY30, MgEr30 and MgMn10, drying and preheating to 200 ℃.
(2) Melting industrial pure magnesium ingot accounting for 25% of the height of the crucible into a molten pool at 680 ℃, introducing protective gas argon, and adding the rest magnesium ingot.
(3) After the magnesium ingot is completely melted, heating to 700 ℃, adding the industrial pure zinc and the intermediate alloy of MgY30, MgEr30 and MgMn10 for 2-4 times, keeping the temperature constant at 700 ℃, stirring until the intermediate alloy is completely melted, and keeping the temperature for 30 min.
(4) Heating to 730 ℃ after 40-60 min before gravity casting, adding a refining agent accounting for 2.0 percent of the weight of the raw materials for refining after the industrial pure aluminum ingot, the AlTi10 intermediate alloy and the AlB3 intermediate alloy are sequentially added and completely melted, wherein the refining temperature is 730 ℃, the stirring time of refining treatment is 10min, and the refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55% KCl and 25% CaCl2、5％CaF2、15％BaCl2. And (4) raising the temperature of the furnace to 750 ℃, preserving the temperature and standing for 10 minutes to promote the settlement of impurities, thereby obtaining the magnesium alloy melt. (5) And cooling the magnesium alloy melt to 740 ℃, skimming surface scum, pouring the melt into a metal mold preheated to 210 ℃ through gravity casting, and cooling to obtain the high-strength-toughness heat-resistant cast Mg-Y-Er alloy.
(6) Sequentially carrying out secondary solution treatment on the obtained as-cast alloy, putting the cast alloy into a solution furnace, heating to 200 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and introducing SF containing 0.2% of volume fraction6And CO2The mixed protective gas is continuously heated to the first-stage solid solution temperature of 490 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 36h, then the temperature is slowly heated to the second-stage solid solution temperature of 545 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/h, and the temperature is kept for 1h and then the steel plate is quickly transferred to a quenching device for water-cooling quenching.
(7) And (3) carrying out artificial aging treatment on the cast alloy after the solution treatment, putting the quenched alloy into an aging furnace, heating to the artificial aging treatment temperature of 215 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 12h, discharging from the furnace, and carrying out air cooling to room temperature to obtain the high-strength high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting.
Respectively carrying out a-room temperature tensile test on the prepared high-strength high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy; b, performing high-temperature tensile property test at 200 ℃ after 200-hour heat exposure treatment at 200 ℃. The room-temperature tensile strength of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-resistant magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment is 286MPa, and the elongation is 22%; the tensile strength at high temperature of 200 ℃ is 201MPa, and the elongation is 29%. The metallographic structure of the magnesium alloy obtained in this example is shown in fig. 1.
The above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by means of equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. The high-strength and high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting is characterized by comprising the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.0-10.0% of RE, 2.0-6.0% of Zn, 0.5-1.2% of Al, 0.1-0.3% of Mn, 0.01-0.08% of M, and the balance of Mg and other inevitable impurities; wherein RE is the combination of Y and Er, and M is one or two of Ti and B;
the preparation method of the high-strength and high-toughness heat-resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) calculating the use amounts of an industrial pure magnesium ingot, an industrial pure zinc ingot, an industrial pure aluminum ingot, an Mg-Y intermediate alloy, an Mg-Er intermediate alloy, an Mg-Mn intermediate alloy, an Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy and an Al-B intermediate alloy according to the components of the Mg-Y-Er alloy and the stoichiometric ratio; removing oxide layers of an industrial pure magnesium ingot, an industrial pure zinc ingot, an industrial pure aluminum ingot, a Mg-Y intermediate alloy, a Mg-Er intermediate alloy and a Mg-Mn intermediate alloy, and drying and preheating to 200 ℃;
(2) melting an industrial pure magnesium ingot accounting for 25% of the height of the crucible into a molten pool, introducing protective gas, and adding the rest magnesium ingot;
(3) after the magnesium ingot is completely melted, heating to 700 ℃, adding industrial pure zinc, Mg-Y intermediate alloy, Mg-Er intermediate alloy and Mg-Mn intermediate alloy for multiple times, keeping the temperature constant at 700 ℃, stirring until the magnesium ingot is completely melted, and keeping the temperature for 30 min;
(4) heating to 730 ℃ after 40-60 min before gravity casting, adding a refining agent for refining after all the industrial pure aluminum ingot, the Al-Ti intermediate alloy, the Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy and the Al-B intermediate alloy which are sequentially added are melted, heating the furnace to 750 ℃, keeping the temperature and standing for 10-20 min, and promoting the settlement of impurities to obtain a magnesium alloy melt;
(5) cooling the magnesium alloy melt to 720-740 ℃ for deslagging, pouring the melt into a sand mold casting mold or a 180-250 ℃ metal mold preheated to 25-150 ℃ through gravity casting, and cooling to obtain the high-strength-toughness heat-resistant cast Mg-Y-Er alloy;
(6) and sequentially carrying out secondary solution treatment and artificial aging treatment on the obtained as-cast alloy to obtain the required high-strength-toughness heat-resistant cast Mg-Y-Er alloy.
2. The high toughness, heat resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting of claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of Zn to RE is 0.2-0.8, wherein the mass ratio of Y to Er is 0.25-4.
3. The high toughness, heat resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting of claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of (Zn + Al)/RE is 0.3-1.0.
4. The high toughness, heat resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting of claim 1, wherein: the Mg-Y intermediate alloy is MgY25 or MgY30, the Mg-Er intermediate alloy is MgEr25 or MgEr30, the Mg-Mn intermediate alloy is MgMn10, the Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy is AlTi5B1, the Al-B intermediate alloy is AlB3 or AlB8, and the Al-Ti intermediate alloy is AlTi5 or AlTi 10.
5. The high toughness, heat resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting of claim 1, wherein: the refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55% KCl and 25% CaCl2、5% CaF2、15% BaCl2。
6. The high toughness, heat resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting of claim 1, wherein: the addition amount of the refining agent is 1.0-3.5% of the total weight of the raw materials.
7. The high toughness, heat resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting of claim 1, wherein: the refining temperature when the refining agent is added for refining is 720-730 ℃, and the stirring time of the refining treatment is 10-15 min.
8. The high toughness, heat resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting of claim 1, wherein: the secondary solution treatment process parameters are as follows: the primary solid solution temperature is 480-490 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 36-48 h; the temperature of the second-stage solid solution is 535-545 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-2 h.
9. The high toughness, heat resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting of claim 8, wherein: the secondary solution treatment process comprises the following steps: putting the as-cast alloy into a solid solution furnace, heating to 200 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, introducing protective gas, continuously heating to 480-490 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min for the first-stage solid solution temperature, and keeping the temperature for 36-48 h; and then slowly raising the temperature to 535-545 ℃ of the second-stage solution treatment at a speed of 10 ℃/h, preserving the temperature for 1-2 h, and then quickly transferring to a quenching device for water-cooling quenching.
10. The high toughness, heat resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting of claim 1 or 9, wherein: the protective gas is argon or SF with the volume fraction of 0.2 percent6And CO2The mixed gas of (1).
11. The high toughness, heat resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting of claim 1, wherein: the technological parameters of the artificial aging treatment are as follows: the aging temperature is 185-215 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12-36 h.
12. The high toughness, heat resistant Mg-Y-Er alloy suitable for gravity casting of claim 11, wherein: the artificial aging treatment process comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the quenched alloy into an aging furnace, heating to 185-215 ℃ at the temperature of artificial aging treatment at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 12-36 h, discharging from the furnace, and air cooling to room temperature.
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