CN109831862A - Lighting energy-conservation system and working method - Google Patents
Lighting energy-conservation system and working method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109831862A CN109831862A CN201910266189.1A CN201910266189A CN109831862A CN 109831862 A CN109831862 A CN 109831862A CN 201910266189 A CN201910266189 A CN 201910266189A CN 109831862 A CN109831862 A CN 109831862A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection
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Abstract
The invention discloses lighting energy-conservation system, including administrative center's host node, RS-485 network and each floor terminal node, administrative center's host node is connect by RS-485 network with each floor terminal node.Whole teaching building is carried out classroom illumination energy conservation unified management by RS-485 network by the present invention, one administrative center is set in teaching building, core network is configured by the sub-network host computer of administrative center's RS-485 host and each floor, each floor arrangement is a RS-485 subnet, as a node (terminal node) on subnet, each child node passes through on RS-485 twisted pair line connection to sub-network host computer each indoor controller of religion.Terminal-node controller controls the connecting and disconnecting of illuminator according to indoor intensity of illumination, personnel's situation is taught, the electric consumption on lighting of teaching building is saved to the maximum extent, and teaching building administrator can carry out automatic management in illuminator of the administrative center to whole teaching building.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to lighting technical fields, in particular to lighting energy-conservation system.The invention further relates to lighting energy-conservation systems
Working method.
Background technique
Teaching building is indispensable a part of Campus buildingss, and electric consumption on lighting amount is huge, while waste of energy phenomenon
It is seen everywhere, is mainly due to: (1) daytime, closing mains lighting supply not in time after class, often will appear nothing in classroom
The phenomenon that people, lamp is but lighted always；(2) after supper, student reviews one's lessons to classroom, usually there was only one, two people in classroom, but will be complete
Power supply is not closed when portion's illuminator is all turned on or people leaves classroom, causes night normal bright lamp.(3) in addition, illuminator
Service life usually as unit of hour, first the altar lamp in unmanned classroom leads to the waste of electric energy, second lamps and lanterns can be caused to damage,
Increase the expense of replacement lamps and lanterns.Currently, the administration of energy conservation of university campus teaching building relies primarily on artificial progress, by teaching building pipe
Reason person periodically patrols classroom, classroom nobody when close illuminator, at night when clear building, unified close teaches indoor mains lighting supply.
As it can be seen that low efficiency, the degree of automation of the administration of energy conservation work of teaching building be not also high at present.
Campus is the place of densely populated place, and energy input can not have always been high any more, energy saving, the construction new campus of green energy conservation type
It is to enjoy popular confidence.Campus buildingss energy conservation has apparent economic benefit and social benefit, is work very important in campus administration
One of make, it is extremely urgent using the administration of energy conservation mode of automation.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the above deficiency, the object of the present invention is to provide lighting energy-conservation systems, solve current religion
The unmanned lamps and lanterns in classroom the case where being but not turned off, the electricity charge is caused to waste present in room illumination use process, at the same solve due to
The problem of lamps and lanterns reduced service life caused by lamps and lanterns are not turned off for a long time.
Technical solution: lighting energy-conservation system, including administrative center's host node, RS-485 network, each floor terminal node and
Each floor sub-network host computer, the RS-485 network include RS-485 core network and several sub-networks, each floor terminal section
Point include teaching building in each floor all classroom terminal nodes, administrative center's host node by RS-485 core network with
Each floor sub-network host computer connection, each layer classroom terminal node are connect by RS-485 twisted pair with This floor sub-network host computer,
Administrative center's host node includes PC machine and RS-485 master controller, and the PC machine and RS-485 master controller are connected by serial ports
It connects, the sub-network will connect between the classroom terminal node being located on the same floor and floor sub-network host computer.Illumination section of the invention
Energy system, is mainly used in teaching building, and whole teaching building is carried out classroom illumination energy conservation unified management by RS-485 network.
One administrative center is set in teaching building, based on the configuration of the sub-network host computer of administrative center's RS-485 host and each floor
Dry network, each floor arrangement are a RS-485 subnet, each floor sub-network host computer is the host node of RS-485 subnet,
The each indoor controller of religion is as a child node on subnet.In each classroom, terminal-node controller according to
Indoor intensity of illumination, personnel's situation are taught to control the connecting and disconnecting of illuminator, saves the photograph of teaching building to the maximum extent
Bright electricity consumption.Teaching building administrator can carry out automatic management in illuminator of the administrative center to whole teaching building, can pass through
Host computer graphic monitor observes the operating status of each node, can also the lighting system to every classroom individually control.Structure
The purpose for building the system is operation by the automatic management drop loss building classroom illumination system of this system, saves electric energy.
Further, above-mentioned lighting energy-conservation system, the classroom terminal node include power conversion module, microcontroller
Device, human-computer interaction interface, sensor module, switch execution module and data-interface, the power conversion module and microcontroller
Power interface connection, the human-computer interaction interface connect with microcontroller, the input of the sensor module and microcontroller
The output end of end connection, the switch execution module and microcontroller connects, and the data-interface is connect with microcontroller.
Further, above-mentioned lighting energy-conservation system, the sensor module include one group of pyroelectric infrared sensor, one
Group infrared sensor and one group of illuminance transducer, one group of pyroelectric infrared sensor are fixed in classroom, and described one
Group infrared sensor is fixed at classroom inlet, and one group of illuminance transducer is fixed on the exterior wall in classroom.?
In this system, the light intensity in outdoor environment is measured using illuminance transducer, and the illumination measured is converted to and indoor illumination intensity pair
The voltage value answered is converted to digital signal by A/D module, inputs to single-chip microcontroller, single-chip microcontroller is according to the digital signal inputted
It is calculated, decision.Illuminance transducer the model BH1750FVI, BH1750FVI of selection are a kind of serially total for twin wire
16 bit digital output type ambient light intensity sensors integrated circuits of line interface.Its spectral sensitivity is closest quick-eyed
Degree, the bound for the light intensity that can be detected is very big, illuminance transducer phase with other models smaller to the dependence of light source
Influenced than, BH1710FVI by infrared ray smaller, precision is high, is fully able to meet the needs of this system.Infrared sensor
It is sent out including RF transmitter, receiver and several parts of signal processor, the signal output end of signal processor through infrared ray
Transmit-receive radio road is connect with RF transmitter；Signal input part is connect through infrared radiation receiving circuit with infrared receiver, feedback
Signal output end is connect with peripheral control circuits.RF transmitter of the present invention issues the infrared signal for having encoded signal,
And real-time detection, by amplifying circuit treated reflection signal, encoded signal can guarantee the sensor of multiple same models
It is worked in the same time and place without interfering with each other.And working frequency is consistent, high reliablity, small power consumption.
It is as follows by number calculation method in infrared sensor classroom:
1. emitting/receive sensor according to 2 groups of dedicated infrared biographies that doorway is installed judges occupancy.Two pairs of infrared emissions/connect
Receive the inner side and outer side that sensor is respectively arranged in door.
When outside infrared ray is first blocked and door inner sensors are followed closely and are blocked, and outside infrared receiver first restore,
When restoring behind door inside, it is judged as that someone enters room.It is on the contrary then be judged as that someone withdraws from a room.Stationary object is blocked
Situation can be combined by indoor pyroelectric infrared sensor and be judged, the working condition of switching system enters guard mode, closes at this time
Lamp delay extends.
2. if the time meets setting condition, then lamps and lanterns will not be turned off when system estimation occupancy is more than or equal to 1.
When system estimation occupancy is 0, system is turned off the light according to setting delay.
Pyroelectric infrared sensor is a kind of electronic device that can detect the infrared ray that human-body emitting goes out.It can be by human body
Infrared radiation is converted into electric signal, this signal can drive various control circuits by appropriate amplification.Rpyroelectric infrared sensing
Device is made of detection member, optical filter and field-effect tube, when not having human body radiation to enter sensor, is detected first capacitor both ends and is generated
Opposite polarity charge equivalence, sensor do not export.When the radiation for having static human body to issue enters sensor, it is same because
The effect of cancelling out each other, sensor do not have output.When the mobile human body infrared ray in detection range enters sensor, infrared ray
Energy does not cause etc. balance to be destroyed, and sensor has output.Traditional pyroelectric infrared sensor switch is only capable of recognizing movement
Human body will lead to intermittent power-off and turn off the light and when activity is less in special areas such as classrooms, when student reads.Too long prolongs
When will lead to the waste of electric energy again.
The model BH1750FVI for the illuminance transducer that the present invention selects, this illuminance transducer is mainly by photosensitive two pole
Pipe, integrated operational amplifier, A/D conversion module, internal oscillator composition.Its working principle is that by internal oscillator to entire
Circuit applies alternating current, and photo resistance is by illumination, and photo resistance generates electric current, by integrated operational amplifier, by electric current
Voltage is converted to, then luminous intensity calculating is carried out and deposit, the register of Magnetic Sensor is posted by data register and time of measuring
Storage composition.
The invention proposes the methods of a kind of pyroelectric infrared sensor and infrared sensor connected applications, can be effectively
Identification is taught indoor physical activity and is judged occupancy, and stationary indoors people can not be detected by overcoming traditional infrared switch
The defect of object, and electric energy is saved to greatest extent.
Further, above-mentioned lighting energy-conservation system, the power conversion module include 220V power supply, transformer, bridge-type
Rectification circuit, three terminal regulator, first capacitor, the second capacitor, third capacitor and the 4th capacitor, the 220V power supply and transformer
Connection, the transformer connect with bridge rectifier, the first capacitor and the parallel connection of the second capacitor, the first capacitor and the
One end of two capacitors parallel connection is connected with the output end of three terminal regulator, and first capacitor and the other end of the second capacitor parallel connection with
GND connection, the third capacitor and the 4th capacitor are in parallel, one end and three-terminal voltage-stabilizing of the third capacitor and the 4th capacitor parallel connection
The input terminal of device connects, and third capacitor and the other end of the 4th capacitor parallel connection are connect with GND, and the three terminal regulator connects
Ground terminal is connect with DND, and the output end of the three terminal regulator and the power end of microcontroller connect, the bridge rectifier
Output end is connect with the input terminal of third capacitor, one end of the 4th capacitor parallel connection and three terminal regulator.The present invention uses
IN4007 diode forms full-wave bridge rectifier circuit, and the voltage regulator circuit of selection is LM7805 voltage-stablizer.
Further, above-mentioned lighting energy-conservation system, the model LPC1114FBD48 of the microcontroller.Select NXP
Main control chip of the LPC11U66BD48 chip of company as administrative center's host node and each subnet host node.Selection
Main control chip of the LPC1114FBD48 chip as photovoltaic solar system terminal node.
LPC1114 possesses the leading advanced manufacturing process of ARM Cortex-M0 kernel and NXP company and intrepid
Peripheral hardware, series Cortex-M0 microcontroller are 32 micro- places of the high-performance of design, low-power consumption for embedded system application
Manage device.Its dominant frequency is up to 50MHz, supports 3 kinds of sleep, deep sleep and depth power down low-power consumption modes.Equally also possess rich
Rich peripheral hardware, up to flash in 32KB piece, 8K ram in slice, all the way IIC, all the way RS-485,10,8 channel ADC, two-way SSP,
4 general purpose timers, up to 42 I/O ports.Have on the core platelet of LPC1114 reset circuit, clock circuit, filter capacitor,
LPC114 chip and an ISP download mouth.
Further, above-mentioned lighting energy-conservation system, the model BH1750FVI of the illuminance transducer.
Further, above-mentioned lighting energy-conservation system, the model LM7805 of the three terminal regulator.
Further, above-mentioned lighting energy-conservation system, the model LCDL602 of the human-computer interaction interface.In the present invention
Display screen be used to real-time display system operating parameter, in order to human-computer interaction.The LCD type number that this system is selected is 1602,
This model LCD belongs to industrial character type, can show 16 × 2(16 column, 2 row simultaneously) i.e. 32 characters.LCD1602 is alphabetical in display,
Number etc. is powerful, and this price display unit is cheap, is easy to write, and can satisfy the requirement of this system.?
In the present invention, the effect of LCD1602 is display illumination, operating mode, working condition etc., under the single cpu mode of not network,
User can be configured for example the be delayed time turned off the light, current date, behaviour by control parameter of the operation button to controller
Make password etc..
The pin of LCD1602 is there are three types of purposes, and a part of pin is used to connect power supply, and a part is data class pin, is left
Pin be programming Control class.The display element that the present invention uses is the LCD of non-backlight, possesses 16 pin interfaces of standard.
In the present invention, need manually to control lamp load in some cases.So being provided with 4 realities in the present invention
Body key, for carrying out various operations.
Further, above-mentioned lighting energy-conservation system, the switch execution module include the first triode, the first photoelectricity coupling
Clutch, first silicon-controlled, the second triode, the second photoelectrical coupler, the second silicon-controlled, illuminator and manual switch, it is described
The base stage of first triode and the second triode is connect with the output end of microcontroller, and the first triode and the two or three pole
Manage the output pin connection different from microcontroller, the emitter of first triode and the input terminal of the first photoelectrical coupler
Connection, output end one end of first photoelectrical coupler and the first silicon-controlled connection, and the output of the first photoelectrical coupler
One end of the other end and illuminator is held to connect, described first silicon-controlled one end is connect with firewire, and first is silicon-controlled
The other end is connect with manual switch, and the manual switch setting is silicon-controlled between illuminator first；Two or three pole
The emitter of pipe is connect with the second photoelectrical coupler, output end one end of second photoelectrical coupler and the second silicon-controlled company
It connects, and one end of the other end of the output end of the second photoelectrical coupler and illuminator connects, described first silicon-controlled 2
Terminal is connected with manual switch, and the first silicon-controlled and manual switch parallel connection both ends and second two silicon-controlled pins are simultaneously
Connection.The design of foregoing circuit seeks to the signal for exporting single-chip microcontroller and carries out a series of processing, reaches transmission or disabling signal
Purpose, driving circuit of the invention around 2 it is silicon-controlled design, it is silicon-controlled logical in order to be controlled by single-chip microcontroller
It is disconnected, single-chip microcontroller and it is silicon-controlled between add photoelectrical coupler, the present invention is using MOC3021 photoelectrical coupler, MOC3021
Photoelectrical coupler is mainly made of light emitting diode and photo resistance.Its effect is exactly to turn the electric signal of single-chip microcontroller input
It is changed to the optical signal of light emitting diode, the light that diode issues is radiated in photo resistance, and converts optical signals to electric signal,
It is transferred to silicon-controlled.The advantages of component, precisely due to the characteristic coupled, eliminates the influence of interference, and the photoelectric coupling
Device has stability strong, and coupled voltages are very high, the application suitable for this system.When single-chip microcontroller issues high level, triode ON,
Photoelectrical coupler conducting, controlled silicon conducting；When low level, triode cut-off, photoelectrical coupler is disconnected, silicon-controlled disconnection.
The working principle of switch execution module: 2 input terminals of switch execution module are respectively intended to control 2 controllably
Silicon realizes the manual/auto pattern switching of field controller.I.e. when D1 is high level, D2 is low level, Q1 conducting, Q2 are closed
Disconnected, system is automatic mode；When D2 is high level, D1 is low level, Q2 conducting, Q1 shutdown, system is manual mode.
The working method of lighting energy-conservation system of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
1) administrative center's host node judges classroom for instructional blocks of time section or time for individual study section；
2) classroom is instructional blocks of time section, and administrative center's host node is set as the illuminator of classroom terminal node to manually control shape
State manually controls illuminator according to teaching demand by teachers and students；
3) classroom is time for individual study morning and evening section, and the illuminator of classroom terminal node is set as controlling automatically by administrative center's host node
State processed, by one group of pyroelectric infrared sensor, one group of infrared sensor and one group of illuminance transducer to the indoor illumination of religion
It is detected with number of users, the open and close of automatic-control illumination lamp tool；
4) in step 3), the automatic control to illuminator, which is that microcontroller is collected to calculate, teaches indoor number；
5) physical activity in infrared sensor detection classroom, has physical activity, judges whether it is early self-study at night period, early self-study at night
Period opens illuminator；There is no physical activity, indoor lamps and lanterns delay certain time is closed；
6) the early self-study at night period is judged whether it is in step 5), is the early self-study at night period, judges to teach whether occupancy is zero, no
It is the early self-study at night period, judges whether it is night-time hours；
7) it is night-time hours, indoor lamps and lanterns delay certain time is closed, is not night-time hours, it is abundant to judge whether it is illumination
State；
8) judge to teach whether occupancy is zero, number is not zero, and indoor lamps and lanterns is taught to keep it turning on, and number zero will be indoor
Lamps and lanterns delay certain time close；
9) the abundant state judgement of illumination, illumination is abundant, indoor lamps and lanterns delay certain time is closed, illumination is insufficient, keeps
Lamps and lanterns are opened；
10) number detects in step 3): it is mounted on the infrared sensor detection number of an inner side and outer side, it is infrared when outer side of door
Sensor is first blocked, and the infrared sensor on the inside of door is followed closely and is blocked, and the infrared sensor of outer side of door first restores, in door
Restoring after the infrared sensor of side, judges that someone enters classroom, the infrared sensor on the inside of door is first blocked, and outer side of door
Infrared sensor, which follows closely, to be blocked, and the infrared sensor on the inside of door first restores, and is restored after the infrared sensor of outer side of door, judgement
Someone leaves classroom.
Above-mentioned technical proposal can be seen that the invention has the following beneficial effects: lighting energy-conservation system of the present invention,
By the classifying rationally of administrative center and classroom terminal child node, all classrooms can be monitored, while be closed in classroom
Removing the work sets the sensor for human body and illumination detection, can timely feedback signal to microcontroller, carry out convenient for controller
The control that illuminator is closed, improves the utilization rate of classroom illumination lamps and lanterns, reduces the waste of resource.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the network structure of lighting energy-conservation system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of lighting energy-conservation system of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of switch execution module of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of power conversion module of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the connection structure diagram of human-computer interaction interface of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the host computer main interface figure of lighting energy-conservation system of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the work flow diagram of lighting energy-conservation system of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the floor plan of lighting energy-conservation system of the present invention.
In figure: administrative center's host node 1, PC machine 11, RS-485 master controller 12, RS-485 network 2, main RS-485 trunk
Network 21, sub-network 22, each floor sub-network host computer 4, classroom terminal node 31, power conversion module 311, three terminal regulator
3111, first capacitor 3112, the second capacitor 3113, third capacitor 3114, the 4th capacitor 3115, transformer 3116, bridge rectifier
It is circuit 3117, microcontroller 312, human-computer interaction interface 313, sensor module 314, pyroelectric infrared sensor 3141, infrared
Sensor 3142, illuminance transducer 3143, switch execution module 315, the first triode 3151, the first photoelectrical coupler 3152,
First silicon-controlled 3153, the second triode 3154, the second photoelectrical coupler 3155, second silicon-controlled 3156, electric light 3157, manually
Switch 3158, data-interface 316.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to is used to explain the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ",
" thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" "inner", " clockwise ", " inverse
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as hour hands " is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of description originally
Invention and simplified description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation, with specific side
Position construction and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance
Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include one or more of the features.In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of " plurality " is two
It is a or more than two, unless otherwise restricted clearly.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can be machine
Tool connection, is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, two members can also be can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside part.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood in this hair as the case may be
Concrete meaning in bright.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature second feature "upper" or "lower"
It may include that the first and second features directly contact, also may include that the first and second features are not direct contacts but pass through it
Between other characterisation contact.Moreover, fisrt feature includes the first spy above the second feature " above ", " above " and " above "
Sign is right above second feature and oblique upper, or is merely representative of first feature horizontal height higher than second feature.Fisrt feature exists
Second feature " under ", " lower section " and " following " include that fisrt feature is directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or is merely representative of
First feature horizontal height is less than second feature.
Embodiment
Lighting energy-conservation system as shown in Figs 1-4, including administrative center's host node 1, RS-485 network 2, each floor terminal
Node 3 and each floor sub-network host computer 4, the RS-485 network 2 includes RS-485 core network 21 and several sub-networks 22, described
Each floor terminal node 31 includes all classroom terminal nodes 31 of each floor in teaching building, and administrative center's host node 1 is logical
It crosses RS-485 core network 21 to connect with each floor sub-network host computer 4, each layer classroom terminal node 31 passes through RS-485 multiple twin
Line is connect with This floor sub-network host computer 4, it is characterised in that: administrative center's host node 1 includes PC machine 11 and RS-485 master control
Device 12 processed, the PC machine 11 are connected with RS-485 master controller 12 by serial ports, the religion that the sub-network 22 will be located on the same floor
It is connected between room terminal node 31 and floor sub-network host computer 4.Administrative center's host node is by a PC machine and a RS-485 master control
Device composition processed.PC machine is connected with RS-485 by serial ports, realizes data and control instruction interaction.PC machine is dedicated using C# exploitation
Control interface connects each sub-network host computer and terminal node and realizes the control of whole network by the main interface on graphic monitor
With management.RS-485 network is made of major network and subnet two parts.Major network is controlled by main control node and several floor subnets
Network host composition, main control node are connected with computer by serial ports.It is a RS-485 subnet by each floor arrangement.Each floor
Subnet is made of floor host node (sub-network host computer) and several classroom terminal nodes, and each floor sub-network is mutually indepedent.To own
The controller in classroom is linked together using daisy topology, the host of each subnet then pass through the master network of floor gap equally with
Daisy topology links together.1. shortening network layout length is had the advantage that using major network-subnet network topology, is mentioned
High network speed；2. avoiding subnet number of nodes excessive, simplify network communication protocol, improves service efficiency；3. enhancing network
Reliability, reducing node failure bring influences；It is easily managed and safeguards 4. network structure is clear.
Data are transmitted by the communication protocol of customization between floor subnet node.Host presses address in such a way that timing is inquired
Each child status of poll is reported after the data collected being screened and be arranged by major network, under straight control mode, son
Master node can route data frame by network layer protocol, realize that host node directly controls terminal node.
RS-485 network communication message is divided into timing message and event triggering message.Timing message is used for terminal node data
Information is collected, and event triggering message is then for realizing the control instruction transmission or other special operations such as parameter to terminal node
Group updates, and program updates etc..
Data frame is then divided into single frames, head frame, successive frame etc., and for single frames commonly used in the transmission of timing message, data are relatively short.
Head frame and successive frame etc. then trigger message commonly used in event, can transmit more data.Frame head ID are used for the area of frame category
Point and two priority classes.And message is then distinguished by frame data field ID.The host node of network realizes primary and secondary network using two-way UART,
It does not interfere with each other.
Classroom as shown in Figure 2 terminal node 31 includes power conversion module 311, microcontroller 312, human-computer interaction interface
313, sensor module 314, switch execution module 315 and data-interface 316, the power conversion module 311 and microcontroller
312 power interface connection, the human-computer interaction interface 313 connect with microcontroller 312, the sensor module 314 with it is micro-
The input terminal of controller 312 connects, and the switch execution module 315 is connect with the output end of microcontroller 312, and the data connect
Mouth 316 is connect with microcontroller 312.Using single-chip microcontroller as the core of system, illumination, utilization outside illuminance transducer sensing chamber are utilized
Infrared detector detection enters and leaves the number in classroom, it is indoor whether there is or not personnel activity to be monitored using pyroelectric infrared sensor,
Lamps and lanterns are finally lighted or closed according to setting time threshold value and the method for operation determination of system, realize the energy conservation fortune of classroom illumination
Row.Specific workflow: node is configured with automatic control and manually controls two states, and the use in classroom is divided into teaching and oneself
Two kinds of periods of time are practised, in the teaching period, system is set to the state of manually controlling, is needed to manually control photograph according to teaching by teachers and students
Bright lamp tool；In time for individual study morning and evening section, system is set to auto state, system is to the indoor illumination of religion and number of users at this time
Detected, when outdoor illumination be lower than setting value, and interior have greater than 1 people reading, review one's lessons when, lamps and lanterns are lighted automatically, for teachers and students
It uses.In classroom nobody when, lamps and lanterns be delayed certain time extinguish；In non-time for individual study morning and evening section, indoor someone's activity, lamp were both made
Tool will not be lighted automatically, and if there is lamps and lanterns light yellow, lamps and lanterns delay certain time extinguishes；It is strong according to the daily schedule of regulation at night
Row, which is closed, teaches indoor illuminator, and restore the system to automatic operating state according to the daily schedule, early review one's lessons for student in the morning
It uses.
Wherein, sensor module 314 includes one group of pyroelectric infrared sensor, 3141, one groups of infrared sensors 3142 and one
Group illuminance transducer 3143, one group of pyroelectric infrared sensor 3141 are fixed in classroom, one group of infrared biography
Sensor 3142 is fixed at classroom inlet, and one group of illuminance transducer 3143 is fixed on the exterior wall in classroom.It passes
Sensor module includes pyroelectric infrared sensor, infrared sensor and illuminance transducer, is the importation of system.According to
Common classroom layout (assuming that: one in front and one in back 2 doors, area are about 60-80m2, there is row's window on the opposite of door), every classroom
Configure 2 illuminance transducers, 4 infrared sensors and 2 pyroelectric infrared sensors.
The detection of indoor occupant quantity and activity condition is mainly sensed by 4 infrared sensors and 2 rpyroelectric infrareds
It realizes.The indoor physical activity of pyroelectric infrared sensor real-time detection is simultaneously put out according to the different settings of period and time parameter method
Lamp delay, such as be delayed 1 minute and turn off the light after time of turning off the light, self-study at night time phase is delayed to 10 minutes and turns off the light.2 heat release type
Electric infrared sensor view actual conditions selection installation site (usually one in front and one in back, ceiling is installed), for detecting the people in room
Body activity, the main input parameter as control strategy.
4 infrared sensors are installed on 2 inlet in classroom, respectively fill 1 inside and outside each entrance.Infrared sensor is used for
The physical activity for detecting doorway judges statistics occupancy according to the time difference of triggering, the input parameter as control strategy.
2 illuminance transducers are installed on the exterior wall near classroom, for detecting the illumination of outdoor environment, obtain room indirectly
Interior light levels, rainy days or other special weathers etc. influence caused by indoor practical daylighting for identification, as lamp
Has one of the main input parameter of Energy Saving Control strategy.
1#、2#Illuminance transducer, 1#—4#Infrared sensor, 1#、2#Pyroelectric infrared sensor is connected respectively to
GPIO the and ADC pin of LPC114FBD48.
Above-mentioned power conversion module 311 includes 220V power supply, transformer 3116, bridge rectifier 3117, three-terminal voltage-stabilizing
Device 3111, first capacitor 3112, the second capacitor 3113, third capacitor 3114 and the 4th capacitor 3115, the 220V power supply and change
Depressor 3116 connects, and the transformer 3116 is connect with bridge rectifier 3117, the first capacitor 3112 and the second capacitor
3113 is in parallel, and one end of 3113 parallel connection of the first capacitor 3112 and the second capacitor and the output end of three terminal regulator 3111 connect
It connects, and the other end of 3113 parallel connection of first capacitor 3112 and the second capacitor is connect with GND, the third capacitor 3114 and the 4th
Capacitor 3115 is in parallel, one end of 3115 parallel connection of the third capacitor 3114 and the 4th capacitor and the input terminal of three terminal regulator 3111
Connection, and the other end of 3115 parallel connection of third capacitor 3114 and the 4th capacitor is connect with GND, the three terminal regulator 3111
Ground terminal is connect with DND, and the output end of the three terminal regulator 3111 is connect with the power end of microcontroller 312, the bridge-type
The output end of rectification circuit 3117 one end and three terminal regulator 3111 in parallel with third capacitor 3114, the 4th capacitor 3115
Input terminal connection.220V alternating current is converted to 5V DC level used in system by power conversion module.It, which mainly organizes to become, becomes
Depressor, rectification and several parts of pressure stabilizing.
The model LPC1114FBD48 of above-mentioned microcontroller 312.Microcontroller is the core of system, undertakes entire node
Control function and power saving logic realize effect.Mainly it is made of a MCU and companion chip.System contains one piece of EEPROM
Chip is used to store control strategy.It controls chip and uses NXP LPC1114FBD48, core is ARM Cortex M0, fortune
Calculation ability is up to 0.9 DMIPS/MHz, and compared with other traditional 16/8 bit processors, the advantage of CortexM0 is to transport
Calculation ability greatly improves, so CortexM0 only needs the lower CPU working time on the processor active task of same task, thus
Significantly reduce whole dynamic power consumption.System is the control of off-line type monomer, uses a RTC clock holding time information, knot
Close scheduled time setting information adjust automatically lamps and lanterns control strategy.The model BH1750FVI of illuminance transducer 3143.Bridge-type
The model IN4007 of diode in rectification circuit.The model LM7805 of three terminal regulator 3111.Human-computer interaction interface 313
Model LCD1602.
Above-mentioned human-computer interaction interface is made of a LCD display and one group of key, display screen be used to be arranged system time,
Display pattern, display system running parameter are set.4 physical buttons, it is respectively forward and backward, confirm and exit.By software programming reality
Existing long-pressing, the identification of the multiple input modes such as short-press and combination button.Human-computer interaction interface can carry out terminal-node controller
Shirtsleeve operation, such as mode setting, parameter adjustment etc..
Above-mentioned switch execution module 315 includes that switch execution module 315 includes the first triode 3151, the first photoelectric coupling
Device 3152, first silicon-controlled 3153, the second triode 3154, the second photoelectrical coupler 3155, second silicon-controlled 3156, headlamp
The base stage of tool 3157 and manual switch 3158, first triode 3151 and the second triode 3154 with microcontroller 312
Output end connection, and the first triode 3151 and the second triode 3154 it is different from microcontroller 312 output pin company
It connects, the emitter of first triode 3151 is connect with the input terminal of the first photoelectrical coupler 3152, the first photoelectricity coupling
Output end one end of clutch 3152 is connect with first silicon-controlled 3153, and the output end other end of the first photoelectrical coupler 3152
It is connect with one end of illuminator 3157, described first silicon-controlled 3153 one end is connect with firewire, and first is silicon-controlled
3153 other end is connect with manual switch 3158, and the manual switch 3158 is arranged in first silicon-controlled 3153 and illuminator
Between 3157；The emitter of second triode 3154 is connect with the second photoelectrical coupler 3155, second photoelectric coupling
Output end one end of device 3155 is connect with second silicon-controlled 3156, and the other end of the output end of the second photoelectrical coupler 3155
It being connect with one end of illuminator 3157, described first silicon-controlled 3,153 2 terminals are connected with manual switch 3158, and the
One silicon-controlled 3153 and the concatenated both ends of manual switch 3158 it is in parallel with second silicon-controlled 3,156 2 terminals.Switch executes mould
The control to lamps and lanterns can be added in block on hardware switch.In the present invention, one group of bidirectional triode thyristor and auxiliary circuit are mainly utilized
Realize the open and close of lamps and lanterns under automatic mode.Execution module can enable hardwire switch while controller failure, no
Influence the use of light source.
In the application, the importing and export of data and parameter when data-interface is used for offline, realization are quickly set and controlled
Device software upgrading etc..
The working method of lighting energy-conservation system of the invention, comprising the following steps:
1) administrative center's host node 1 judges classroom for instructional blocks of time section or time for individual study section；
2) classroom is instructional blocks of time section, and the illuminator of classroom terminal node 31 is set as controlling manually by administrative center's host node 1
State processed manually controls illuminator according to teaching demand by teachers and students；
3) classroom is time for individual study section, and the illuminator of classroom terminal node 31 is set as controlling automatically by administrative center's host node 1
State processed is right by one group of pyroelectric infrared sensor, 3141, one groups of infrared sensors 3142 and one group of illuminance transducer 3143
Indoor illumination and number of users is taught to be detected, the closing of automatic-control illumination lamp tool；
4) in step 3), the automatic control to illuminator is that it is indoor that the microcontroller 312 in terminal node collects calculating religion
Number；
5) infrared sensor 3142 detects physical activity in classroom, has physical activity, judges whether it is the early self-study at night period, is early
The self-study at night period will open lamps and lanterns；There is no physical activity, indoor lamps and lanterns delay certain time is closed；
6) the early self-study at night period is judged whether it is in step 5), is the early self-study at night period, judges to teach whether occupancy is zero, no
It is the early self-study at night period, judges whether it is night-time hours；
7) it is night-time hours, indoor lamps and lanterns delay certain time is closed, is not night-time hours, it is abundant to judge whether it is illumination
State；
8) judge to teach whether occupancy is zero, number is not zero, and indoor lamps and lanterns is taught to keep it turning on, and number zero will be indoor
Lamps and lanterns delay certain time close；9) the abundant state judgement of illumination, illumination is abundant, by indoor lamps and lanterns delay certain time
It closes, illumination is insufficient, and lamps and lanterns is kept to open；
10) number detects in step 3): the 3142 detection number of infrared sensor of an inner side and outer side is mounted on, when outer side of door
Infrared sensor 3142 is first blocked, and the infrared sensor 3142 on the inside of door is followed closely and is blocked, and the infrared sensing of outer side of door
Device 3142 first restores, and restores after the infrared sensor 3142 on the inside of door, judges that someone enters classroom, the infrared sensing on the inside of door
Device 3142 is first blocked, and the infrared sensor 3142 of outer side of door is followed closely and is blocked, and the infrared sensor 3142 on the inside of door is first
Restore, restores after the infrared sensor 3142 of outer side of door, judge that someone leaves classroom.
The certain time of above-mentioned electric light late release can flexibly be set according to different schools, such as settable delay
10 minutes, 15 minutes etc..
Fig. 8 is the plane figure setting of lighting energy-conservation system of the invention in the use process of classroom, this specific illumination
Management system is with carrying out flexibly adjustment according to occasion.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvement can also be made, these improvement also should be regarded as of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. lighting energy-conservation system, including administrative center's host node (1), RS-485 network (2), each floor terminal node (3) and each
Floor sub-network host computer (4), the RS-485 network (2) include RS-485 core network (21) and several sub-networks (22), described
Each floor terminal node (31) includes all classroom terminal nodes (31) of each floor in teaching building, administrative center's host node
(1) it is connect by RS-485 core network (21) with each floor sub-network host computer (4), the classroom terminal node (31) passes through RS-
485 twisted pairs are connect with each floor sub-network host computer (4), it is characterised in that: administrative center's host node (1) includes PC machine (11)
With RS-485 master controller (12), the PC machine (11) is connected with RS-485 master controller (12) by serial ports, the sub-network
(22) it will be connected between the classroom terminal node (31) being located on the same floor and floor sub-network host computer (4).
2. lighting energy-conservation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the classroom terminal node (31) includes power supply
Conversion module (311), microcontroller (312), human-computer interaction interface (313), sensor module (314), switch execution module
(315) and data-interface (316), the power conversion module (311) connect with the power interface of microcontroller (312), described
Human-computer interaction interface (313) is connect with microcontroller (312), the input of the sensor module (314) and microcontroller (312)
End connection, the switch execution module (315) connect with the output end of microcontroller (312), the data-interface (316) with it is micro-
Controller (312) connection.
3. lighting energy-conservation system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the sensor module (314) includes one group
Pyroelectric infrared sensor (3141), one group of infrared sensor (3142) and one group of illuminance transducer (3143), one group of heat
It releases electric infrared sensor (3141) to be fixed in classroom, one group of infrared sensor (3142) is fixed at classroom and enters
At mouthful, one group of illuminance transducer (3143) is fixed on the exterior wall in classroom.
4. lighting energy-conservation system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the power conversion module (311) includes
220V power supply, transformer (3116), bridge rectifier (3117), three terminal regulator (3111), first capacitor (3112), second
Capacitor (3113), third capacitor (3114) and the 4th capacitor (3115), the 220V power supply is connect with transformer (3116), described
Transformer (3116) is connect with bridge rectifier (3117), and the first capacitor (3112) and the second capacitor (3113) are in parallel,
The first capacitor (3112) connects with one end of the second capacitor (3113) parallel connection with the output end of three terminal regulator (3111), and
And first capacitor (3112) and the other end of the second capacitor (3113) parallel connection are connect with GND, the third capacitor (3114) and
Four capacitors (3115) are in parallel, one end and three terminal regulator of the third capacitor (3114) and the 4th capacitor (3115) parallel connection
(3111) input terminal connection, and third capacitor (3114) and the other end of the 4th capacitor (3115) parallel connection are connect with GND, institute
The ground terminal for stating three terminal regulator (3111) is connect with DND, the output end and microcontroller of the three terminal regulator (3111)
(312) power end connection, the output end of the bridge rectifier (3117) and third capacitor (3114), the 4th capacitor
(3115) input terminal of one end in parallel and three terminal regulator (3111) connection.
5. lighting energy-conservation system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the model of the microcontroller (312)
LPC1114FBD48。
6. lighting energy-conservation system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the model of the illuminance transducer (3143)
BH1750FVI。
7. lighting energy-conservation system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the model of the three terminal regulator (3111)
LM7805。
8. lighting energy-conservation system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the display circuit in the human-computer interaction interface
(313) model LCD1602.
9. lighting energy-conservation system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the switch execution module (315) includes the
One triode (3151), the first photoelectrical coupler (3152), first silicon-controlled (3153), the second triode (3154), the second light
Electric coupler (3155), second silicon-controlled (3156), illuminator (3157) and manual switch (3158), first triode
(3151) it is connect with the output end of microcontroller (312) with the base stage of the second triode (3154), and the first triode
(3151) and the second triode (3154) it is different from microcontroller (312) output pin connection, first triode
(3151) emitter is connect with the input terminal of the first photoelectrical coupler (3152), first photoelectrical coupler (3152) it is defeated
Outlet one end is connect with first silicon-controlled (3153), and the output end other end and headlamp of the first photoelectrical coupler (3152)
Has one end connection of (3157), one end of first silicon-controlled (3153) is connect with firewire, and first silicon-controlled (3153)
The other end connect with manual switch (3158), the manual switch (3158) is arranged in first silicon-controlled (3153) and headlamp
Have between (3157)；The emitter of second triode (3154) is connect with the second photoelectrical coupler (3155), and described second
Output end one end of photoelectrical coupler (3155) is connect with second silicon-controlled (3156), and the second photoelectrical coupler (3155)
The other end of output end is connect with the one end of illuminator (3157), 2 terminals of first silicon-controlled (3153) and manually
Switch (3158) series connection, and first silicon-controlled (3153) and manual switch (3158) concatenated both ends and second silicon-controlled
(3156) two pin parallel connections.
10. the working method of the lighting energy-conservation system according to claim 3 or 6, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
1) administrative center's host node (1) judges classroom for instructional blocks of time section or time for individual study section；
2) classroom is instructional blocks of time section, and the illuminator of classroom terminal node (31) is set hand by administrative center's host node (1)
Dynamic state of a control, the open and close of illuminator are manually controlled by teachers and students according to teaching demand；
3) classroom is time for individual study section, and administrative center's host node (1) sets the illuminator of classroom terminal node (31) to certainly
Dynamic state of a control passes through one group of pyroelectric infrared sensor (3141), one group of infrared sensor (3142) and one group of illumination sensing
Device (3143) detects the indoor illumination of religion and number of users, the open and close of automatic-control illumination lamp tool；
4) in step 3), the automatic control to illuminator is that it is indoor that the microcontroller 312 in terminal node collects calculating religion
Number；
5) infrared sensor 3142 detects physical activity in classroom, has physical activity, judges whether it is the early self-study at night period, is early
The self-study at night period will open lamps and lanterns；It is the self-study at night period, without physical activity, indoor lamps and lanterns delay certain time is closed；
6) the self-study at night period is judged whether it is in step 5), is the self-study at night period, is judged to teach whether occupancy is zero, is not late
The period is reviewed one's lessons, night-time hours are judged whether it is；
7) it is night-time hours in step 6), indoor lamps and lanterns delay certain time is closed, is not night-time hours, judges whether
For the abundant state of illumination；
8) in step 6), judge to teach whether occupancy is zero, number is not zero, and indoor lamps and lanterns is taught to keep it turning on, and number is
Zero, indoor lamps and lanterns delay certain time is closed；
9) the abundant state judgement of illumination, illumination is abundant, indoor lamps and lanterns delay certain time is closed, illumination is insufficient, keeps
Lamps and lanterns are opened；
10) number detects in step 3): being mounted on infrared sensor (3142) the detection number of an inner side and outer side, works as outer side of door
Infrared sensor (3142) be first blocked, and the infrared sensor (3142) on the inside of door is followed closely and is blocked, and outer side of door is red
Outer sensor (3142) first restores, and the infrared sensor (3142) on the inside of door restores afterwards, judges that someone enters classroom, on the inside of door
Infrared sensor (3142) be first blocked, and the infrared sensor (3142) of outer side of door is followed closely and is blocked, and red on the inside of door
Outer sensor (3142) first restores, and the infrared sensor (3142) of outer side of door restores afterwards, judges that someone leaves classroom.
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