CN109827728A - Damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, experimental rig and its method - Google Patents
Damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, experimental rig and its method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to damping material detection field, disclosing a kind of damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, experimental rig and its method, damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket includes two connecting plates, the first support plate and the second support plate；Two connecting plates are fixed on a vibration table and interval is arranged, the second elongated through-hole that the lateral edge of two connecting plates is correspondingly provided with the first elongated through-hole vertically extended and extends along the longitudinal direction；First support plate is limited by first elongated through-hole, is rotatablely connected with two connecting plates；Second support plate is limited by second elongated through-hole, is rotatablely connected with two connecting plates.The second elongated through-hole that the present invention is correspondingly arranged the first elongated through-hole vertically extended by the lateral edge in connecting plate and extended along the longitudinal direction, by the corresponding elongated through-hole limit of support plate, it is rotatably connected between connecting plate, so that the test bracket is adjusted sample rotation angle, is suitable for various damping structure samples and various experimental conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to damping material detection field, in particular to a kind of damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, test
Devices and methods therefor.
Background technique
Currently, High Speed Train in China is quickly grown, if to it, caused vibration noise does not control effectively when driving,
Discomfort will be brought to the passenger in compartment, can also interfere the normal life of subjective reflection.Current China has become in the world most
Big automobile production state and country of consumption, under steam by engine, road surface equal excitation, vehicle body siding generates vibration and to vehicle automobile
Interior, Exterior radiation noise, seriously affecting vehicle NVH, (Noise, Vibration, Harshness, noise, vibration and sound and vibration are coarse
Degree) performance.If pasting damping lining in bullet train and body of a motor car siding, damping layer can utilize itself polymer viscoelastic
The mechanical energy that vehicle body siding can be vibrated is converted into thermal energy etc. and consumes, to realize the purpose of vehicle body siding vibration and noise reducing.This
Outside, also there is the extensive use of such vibration and noise reducing measure in fields such as aircraft, hard disk, buildings.
Damping layer is to convert thermal energy consumption for vibration mechanical energy using the viscoelastic property of high molecular material to fall, to reach
The purpose of vibration and noise reducing.In order to be applicable in varying environment, operating condition and obtain superior vibration and noise reducing performance, people are to damping material
The research of material damping property never stopped, and experimental study is extremely important ways and means.During the test,
Shake table is generally bought from manufacturer, and test steel plate or the steel plate for being stained with damping layer need to be mounted on shake table by bracket
On.But according to various damping structures and various experimental conditions, particular for the damping for needing to adjust rotation angle in experimentation
Structure, there are no suitable damping layer vibration attenuation performance test brackets currently on the market.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
In view of above-mentioned technological deficiency and application demand, the application technical problems to be solved should be: provide a kind of damping
Structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, experimental rig and its method, to solve damping structure anti-acoustic capability test in the prior art
Bracket cannot be applicable in various damping structure samples and various experimental conditions.
(2) technical solution
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, comprising: two connections
Plate, the first support plate and the second support plate；Two connecting plates are fixed on a vibration table and interval is arranged, two connections
The second elongated through-hole that the lateral edge of plate is correspondingly provided with the first elongated through-hole vertically extended and extends along the longitudinal direction；Institute
It states the first support plate to be limited by first elongated through-hole, and is rotatablely connected with two connecting plates；Second support plate
It is limited by second elongated through-hole, and is rotatablely connected with two connecting plates.
Further, further includes: the first adjusting rod, first adjusting rod pass through first support plate, rotation setting
In first elongated through-hole；Second adjusting rod, second adjusting rod pass through second support plate, are rotatably arranged on institute
It states in the second elongated through-hole.
Further, first adjusting rod and second adjusting rod are threaded rod, first adjusting rod and institute
At least one end for stating the second adjusting rod is equipped with handle.
Further, rack gear is equipped in first elongated through-hole and second elongated through-hole；Described first is adjusted
It is engaged on bar with the rack gear of first elongated through-hole；Rack gear on second adjusting rod with second elongated through-hole is nibbled
It closes.
Further, the handle is externally provided with casing, and described sleeve pipe is in semi-cylindrical, is socketed on the handle.
Further, extended in left-right direction is equipped at the top of first support plate and second support plate
Three elongated through-holes, the third elongated through-hole is for fixing sample.
To solve the above problems, the present invention also provides a kind of damping structure anti-acoustic capability experimental rigs, comprising:
Sound transducer, Acquisition Instrument, shake table, intelligent terminal and above-mentioned damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket；
The damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket is for fixing sample；
The sound transducer passes sequentially through the Acquisition Instrument and is electrically connected with the intelligent terminal, for sending out noise data
It send into the intelligent terminal.
Further, the shake table is equipped with controller, and the shake table is electrically connected with the controller, the controller
For adjusting the working condition of the shake table.
To solve the above problems, being surveyed the present invention also provides a kind of using above-mentioned damping structure anti-acoustic capability experimental rig
The method of examination, includes the following steps:
Step S1: starting Acquisition Instrument measures damping structure anti-acoustic capability experimental rig using Acquisition Instrument and sound transducer
Ambient noise；
Step S2: the first sample is installed on damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, utilizes Acquisition Instrument and sound sensor
Device measures the first sample and the common noise figure of ambient noise, and calculates the noise figure only given off by the first sample；
Step S3: the second sample is installed on damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, utilizes Acquisition Instrument and sound sensor
Device measures the second sample and the common noise figure of ambient noise, and calculates the noise figure only given off by the second sample；
Step S4: third sample is installed on damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, utilizes Acquisition Instrument and sound sensor
Device measures third sample and the common noise figure of ambient noise, and calculates the noise figure only given off by third sample；
Step S5: the 4th sample is installed on damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, utilizes Acquisition Instrument and sound sensor
Device measures the 4th sample and the common noise figure of ambient noise, and calculates the noise figure only given off by the 4th sample；
Step S6: noise figure that noise figure, the second sample given off according to the first sample gives off, the radiation of third sample
The noise figure that noise figure and the 4th sample out gives off calculates noise reduction.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention provides a kind of damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, experimental rig and its method, damping structure drop
Performance test of making an uproar bracket is correspondingly arranged the first elongated through-hole vertically extended by the lateral edge in connecting plate and along front and back
The second elongated through-hole that direction extends, while support plate being limited by corresponding elongated through-hole, so that the first support plate and the
Two support plates are rotatably connected between connecting plate, and direction shifting can be correspondingly arranged along the first elongated through-hole and the second elongated through-hole
It is dynamic, angle is rotated so as to adjust sample, the damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket is made to be applicable in various damping structure samples and more
Kind experiment condition.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Bright some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with root
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the postrotational structural schematic diagram of damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of damping structure anti-acoustic capability experimental rig of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket fixation steel plate sample of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the fixed free damping structure sample of damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket fixed constraint damping structure sample of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the fixed multilayer damping structure sample of damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the damping mechanism schematic diagram of free damping structure sample；
Fig. 9 is the damping mechanism schematic diagram of constrained damping structure sample；
Wherein, 1: connecting plate；2: the first support plates；3: the second support plates；4: the first adjusting rods；5: the second adjusting rods；6:
Steel plate sample；7: free damping structure sample；8: constrained damping structure sample；9: multilayer damping structure sample；11: the first is elongated
Through-hole；12: the second elongated through-holes.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, as shown in Figure 1, the damping structure noise reduction
Performance test bracket includes: two connecting plates 1, the first support plate 2 and the second support plate 3.Two connecting plates 1 are fixed on shake table
It is spaced apart on (not shown) and between left and right, it is elongated that the lateral edge of two connecting plates 1 is correspondingly provided with first vertically extended
Through-hole 11 and the second elongated through-hole 12 extended along the longitudinal direction.11 He of the first elongated through-hole is equipped on i.e. each connecting plate 1
Second elongated through-hole 12.First support plate 2 is limited by the first elongated through-hole 11, and the first support plate 2 is the first of two connecting plates 1
Under the conditions of elongated through-hole 11 limits, the first support plate 2 is only capable of moving along the vertical direction, and is rotatablely connected with two connecting plates 1.The
Two support plates 3 are limited by the second elongated through-hole 12, second elongated through-hole 12 positive stop strip of second support plate 3 in two connecting plates 1
Under part, the second support plate 3 is only capable of moving along the longitudinal direction, and is rotatablely connected with two connecting plates 1.
Wherein, it is elongated logical to be equipped with the third extended in left-right direction for the top of the first support plate 2 and the second support plate 3
Hole, third elongated through-hole is for fixing sample.Bolt cooperates the fixed sample of third elongated through-hole.
During using the damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, the second elongated through-hole 12 can adapt to various dampings
Structure sample and various experimental conditions.Specifically, when needing to adjust the length of sample, directly mobile second support plate 3 is the
The position of two elongated through-holes 12, distance required for being moved to.When needing to adjust the rotation angle of sample, such as Fig. 1 and
Shown in Fig. 2, the first support plate 2 can be directly moved in the position of the first elongated through-hole 11, while corresponding to the second support plate 3 of adjustment
Angle is rotated, sample is enable to be posted and fixed in the first support plate 2 and the second support plate 3 completely.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, damping structure anti-acoustic capability test branch
Frame be correspondingly arranged the first elongated through-hole vertically extended by the lateral edge in connecting plate and extend along the longitudinal direction
Two elongated through-holes, while support plate being limited by corresponding elongated through-hole, so that the first support plate and the rotation of the second support plate
It is connected between connecting plate, and direction can be correspondingly arranged along the first elongated through-hole and the second elongated through-hole and moved, so as to adjust examination
Sample rotates angle, and the damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket is made to be applicable in various damping structure samples and various experimental conditions.
Based on the above embodiment, in a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the damping structure anti-acoustic capability is tested
Bracket further include: the first adjusting rod 4, the first adjusting rod 4 pass through the first support plate 2, be rotatably arranged in the first elongated through-hole 11；
Second adjusting rod 5, the second adjusting rod 5 pass through the second support plate 3, are rotatably arranged in the second elongated through-hole 12.
Wherein, the first adjusting rod 4 is identical with the structure of the second adjusting rod 5 and is threaded rod.Corresponding, first is elongated logical
Rack gear is equipped in hole 11 and the second elongated through-hole 12.First adjusting rod 4 is engaged with the rack gear of the first elongated through-hole 11.Second adjusts
Pole 5 is engaged with the rack gear of the second elongated through-hole 12.To which the first adjusting rod 4 and the second adjusting rod 5 can be long corresponding first
It is moved in shape through-hole 11 and the second elongated through-hole 12.
In addition, for the position convenient for adjusting the first adjusting rod 4 and the second adjusting rod 5, the first adjusting rod 4 and the second adjusting rod
5 at least one end is equipped with handle.The position of the first adjusting rod 4 and the second adjusting rod 5 can be adjusted by rotating handles, so as to
To adjust the position of the first support plate 2 and the second support plate 3.Also it can be externally provided with casing in handle, casing is in semi-cylindrical, socket
On handle.
During using the damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, the second elongated through-hole 12 can adapt to various dampings
Structure sample and various experimental conditions.Specifically, when needing to adjust the length of sample, directly the second adjusting rod 5 of rotation is corresponding
Handle, mobile second support plate 3 is in the position of the second elongated through-hole 12, distance required for being moved to.When needing to adjust
When the rotation angle of whole sample, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the corresponding handle of the first adjusting rod 4 can be directly rotated, it is first mobile
Fagging 2 corresponds to the rotation angle of the second support plate 3 of adjustment in the position of the first elongated through-hole 11, keeps sample complete
It posts and fixes in the first support plate 2 and the second support plate 3.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, damping structure anti-acoustic capability test branch
Frame be correspondingly arranged the first elongated through-hole vertically extended by the lateral edge in connecting plate and extend along the longitudinal direction
Two elongated through-holes, while support plate being limited by corresponding elongated through-hole, so that the first support plate and the rotation of the second support plate
It is connected between connecting plate, and direction can be correspondingly arranged along the first elongated through-hole and the second elongated through-hole and moved, so as to adjust examination
Sample rotates angle, and the damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket is made to be applicable in various damping structure samples and various experimental conditions.Together
When, the present embodiment is different from above-described embodiment, it is only necessary to which the position of corresponding support plate can be adjusted in rotation adjusting lever, effectively improves
Replace the efficiency of sample.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of damping structure anti-acoustic capability experimental rig, as shown in figure 3, the damping structure noise reduction
Performance test apparatus includes: sound transducer, Acquisition Instrument, shake table, intelligent terminal and damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket.
Intelligent terminal is provided with DASP, and (Data Acquisition&Signal Processing, data signal sampling and processing are used for
Measurement record) software, while matched professional software dog is plugged in the USB port of intelligent terminal, it can be used for recording and dividing
Analyse noise measurement signals.Damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket is for fixing sample.Sound transducer passes sequentially through Acquisition Instrument
It is electrically connected with intelligent terminal, for noise data to be sent in intelligent terminal.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 1, the damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket includes: two connecting plates 1, the first support plate 2
With the second support plate 3.Two fixations of connecting plate 1 are spaced apart on a vibration table and between left and right, and the lateral edge of two connecting plates 1 is corresponding
Equipped with the first elongated through-hole 11 vertically extended and the second elongated through-hole 12 extended along the longitudinal direction.I.e. each connection
The first elongated through-hole 11 and the second elongated through-hole 12 are equipped on plate 1.First support plate 2 is limited by the first elongated through-hole 11, the
Under the conditions of the limit of the first elongated through-hole 11 of two connecting plates 1, the first support plate 2 is only capable of moving along the vertical direction one support plate 2
It is dynamic, and be rotatablely connected with two connecting plates 1.Second support plate 3 is limited by the second elongated through-hole 12, and the second support plate 3 is at two
Under the conditions of the second elongated through-hole 12 limit of connecting plate 1, the second support plate 3 is only capable of moving along the longitudinal direction, and connect with two
Plate 1 is rotatablely connected.
In the present embodiment, shake table is equipped with controller, and shake table is electrically connected with the controller, and controller is for adjusting the vibration
The working condition of dynamic platform.The top of damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, the distance of test coupon is arranged in sound transducer
Preferably 20~40cm.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of damping structure anti-acoustic capability experimental rig, damping structure anti-acoustic capability test dress
It sets due to using above-mentioned damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, so that the first support plate and the second support plate are rotatably connected on
Between connecting plate, and direction can be correspondingly arranged along the first elongated through-hole and the second elongated through-hole and moved, so as to adjust sample rotation
Angle makes the damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket be applicable in various damping structure samples and various experimental conditions.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method that damping structure anti-acoustic capability experimental rig is tested, and this method includes
Following steps:
Step S1: starting Acquisition Instrument measures damping structure anti-acoustic capability experimental rig using Acquisition Instrument and sound transducer
Ambient noise；
Step S2: the first sample is installed on damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, utilizes Acquisition Instrument and sound sensor
Device measures the first sample and the common noise figure of ambient noise, and calculates the noise figure only given off by the first sample.
Step S3: the second sample is installed on damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, utilizes Acquisition Instrument and sound sensor
Device measures the second sample and the common noise figure of ambient noise, and calculates the noise figure only given off by the second sample.
Step S4: third sample is installed on damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, utilizes Acquisition Instrument and sound sensor
Device measures third sample and the common noise figure of ambient noise, and calculates the noise figure only given off by third sample.
Step S5: the 4th sample is installed on damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, utilizes Acquisition Instrument and sound sensor
Device measures the 4th sample and the common noise figure of ambient noise, and calculates the noise figure only given off by the 4th sample.
Step S6: noise figure that noise figure, the second sample given off according to the first sample gives off, the radiation of third sample
The noise figure that noise figure and the 4th sample out gives off calculates noise reduction.
Specifically, in a specific embodiment, body of a motor car siding damping noise-reducing, this test are based in experimentation
The scan frequency of shake table is set as 50-400Hz, while it was 60% invariable, each testing time that output intensity, which is arranged,
It is 300s, it is assumed that the ambient noise (about 29dB (A)) of anechoic room itself.In the case where being fitted without sample, starting acquisition
Instrument, as shown in Figure 1, noise figure measured when keeping the operating of test device same frequency is exactly noise floor value.For example, surveying three times
Amount result is respectively 56.41,56.35,56.38dB (A), and mean value is 56.38dB (A).Noise floor value is enabled to be expressed as
Lbackground, then Lbackground=56.38dB (A).Here the ambient noise surveyed is shake table, the examination of damping structure anti-acoustic capability
Bracket, the noise that controller gives off and semianechoic room self-noise are tested in the A sound level superposition value of point position, the back measured
Scape noise mean value 56.38dB (A) is much larger than the ambient noise of semianechoic room itself.
After ambient noise detects, starts the detection of the first sample, pacify on damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket
Fill the first sample.In the present embodiment, the first sample selects steel plate sample (steel plate), as shown in figure 4, under this operating condition, measurement
Superposition value of the noise and ambient noise that steel plate sample 6 gives off in measuring point.In a specific embodiment, measurement is tied three times
Fruit is respectively 65.72,65.50,65.64dB (A), and mean value is 65.62dB (A).Enable value Lsteel+backgroundIt indicates, then has
Lsteel+background=65.62dB (A).
The noise figure only given off by the first sample is calculated, calculates the noise that steel plate sample 6 gives off with following formula
Value:
LsteelIndicate the noise figure only given off by steel plate sample 6, two data L of planar survey in substitutionbackground=
56.38dB(A)、Lsteel+background=65.62dB (A), then the noise figure that steel plate sample 6 gives off is Lsteel=10lg
(100.1×65.62-100.1×56.38)=65.07dB (A).
After the noise figure that the first sample gives off has been calculated, start the detection of the second sample, in damping structure anti-acoustic capability
Second sample is installed on test bracket.In the present embodiment, the second sample selects free damping structure sample 7, is sequentially laminated with steel
Plate and pure rubber, as shown in figure 5, the noise and ambient noise that measurement free damping structure sample 7 gives off exist under this operating condition
The superposition value of measuring point.
Similarly, after the noise figure that the second sample gives off has been calculated, start the detection of third sample, in damping structure noise reduction
Third sample is installed on performance test bracket.In the present embodiment, third sample selects constrained damping structure sample 8, stacks gradually
There are steel plate, pure rubber and restraint layer, as shown in fig. 6, measuring the noise that constrained damping structure sample 8 gives off under this operating condition
With ambient noise measuring point superposition value.
After the noise figure that third sample gives off has been calculated, start the detection of the 4th sample, in damping structure anti-acoustic capability
4th sample is installed on test bracket.In the present embodiment, the 4th sample selects multilayer damping structure sample 9, is sequentially laminated with steel
Plate, pure rubber, restraint layer and pure rubber, as shown in fig. 7, what measurement multilayer damping structure sample 9 gave off makes an uproar under this operating condition
The superposition value of sound and ambient noise in measuring point.In a specific embodiment, three times measurement result be 61.05,61.30,
61.10dB (A), mean value are 61.15dB (A).The mean value is expressed as Lcomposite+background, then Lcomposite+background
=61.15dB (A).The noise figure only given off by multilayer damping structure sample 9 is still calculated with formula (1), substitutes into ambient noise
Lbackground=56.38dB (A) and Lcomposite+background=61.15dB (A), and use LcompositeExpression is only hindered by multilayer
The noise figure that Buddhist nun's structure sample 9 gives off, then calculating is Lcomposite=10lg (100.1×61.15-100.1×56.38)=59.39dB
(A)。
Finally, noise figure, third sample that the noise figure given off according to the first sample, the second sample give off give off
Noise figure and the noise figure that gives off of the 4th sample, calculate noise reduction.Specifically, for example, calculate multilayer damping structure sample 9
Noise reduction during, vibration steel plate due to enclose multilayer damping lining after, caused noise reduction may be expressed as:
Δ L=Lsteel-Lcomposite (2)
In formula, Δ L is noise reduction, unit dB (A).The noise figure Lsteel=65.07dB that steel plate sample 6 is given off
(A), the noise figure Lcomposite=59.39dB (A) that multilayer damping structure sample 9 gives off substitutes into formula (2), noise reduction meter
Calculate is Δ L=65.07-59.39=5.68dB (A).
In a specific embodiment, the test of free damping structure sample 7,8 noise reduction of constrained damping structure sample
Identical with multilayer damping structure sample 9 with calculating process, test or calculated result are shown in Table 1.
The measurement of table 1 or the noise calculated, noise reduction unit: dB (A)
There are four types of samples in the present invention: steel plate sample (steel plate), free damping structure sample (steel plate, pure rubber), constraint
Damping structure sample (steel plate, pure rubber, restraint layer) and multilayer damping structure sample (steel plate, pure rubber, restraint layer, pure rubber
Glue).After steel plate sample affix respectively damps lining, the effect of vibration and noise reducing is all had, but respectively damping lining tries steel plate
The effect of vibration and noise reduction of sample is different.
As shown in figure 8, Fig. 8 is the damping mechanism schematic diagram of free damping structure sample, Fig. 8 (a) is the sample before vibration,
Steel plate and rubber layer be it is straight, be in free state.In 3 location points as shown in Fig. 8 (a) of damping material, respectively
A small parallelepiped, i.e. cell cube are extracted with 6 imaginary sections, is answered inside the damping material then deformed for analyzing
The power regularity of distribution.Steel plate vibration shows as upward, downward alternating bending campaign, and the rubber layer for being adhered to surface of steel plate is sent out therewith
It is raw to stretch, compress alternately deformation, Fig. 8 (b), Fig. 8 (c) are seen respectively.Direct stress is vertical with place plane, direction directional arrow side
To.Rubber is viscoelastic material, always to cause self-deformation object generate opposite direction external force, thus make steel plate by
The drag effect opposite to its direction of motion to damping material, to achieve the purpose that slowing down vibration, meanwhile, the noise of sample radiation
Also decline therewith.
Fig. 9 is the damping mechanism schematic diagram of constrained damping structure sample, and constrained damping structure sample is in free damping knot
The restraint layer that one layer of elasticity modulus is much larger than rubber layer is adhered in the rubber layer of structure sample again.When steel plate generates upwards, downwards
It when alternating bending campaign, since restraint layer is harder, will not deform with rubber layer, so rubber layer will occur such as Fig. 9
(a), it is deformed shown in Fig. 9 (b).In 9 (a), in addition to the damping material on symmetrical section is by the effect of direct stress, remaining
Point is sheared, stretches coupling, and shear stress and place plane are tangent, direction directional arrow direction.Equally in 9 (b), remove
Damping material on symmetrical section only by the effect of direct stress outside, remaining point is sheared, compresses coupling.Two kinds of stress
It is dissipated vibrational energy jointly, effectiveness in vibration suppression is better than the single stress function and effect in free damping structure, therefore, noise reduction
Effect also becomes apparent.
In fact, the much smaller vibration of opposing substrate also occurs for restraint layer, if adhering to one layer of rubber again on restraint layer
Layer, this part-structure are equivalent to free damping structure, this layer of rubber generates drawing, compressive strain, consumes vibrational energy, make restraint layer
Bending deformation reduces, thus further increases the deformation of inner layer damping material, and dissipate more energy, obtains the vibration of substrate
Further alleviate, noise reduction effect is further enhanced.
So substrate oscillation intensity under the same conditions, the effect of vibration and noise reduction of multilayer damping structure sample is better than
Constrained damping structure sample, the effect of vibration and noise reduction of constrained damping structure sample are better than free damping structure sample.It is more in table 1
Layer damping structure sample, constrained damping structure sample, free damping structure sample noise reduction be respectively 5.68,5.08,
3.77dB (A), qualitative theoretical analysis result match with quantitative measurement results in table 1.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method that damping structure anti-acoustic capability experimental rig is tested, the damping structure
The method that anti-acoustic capability experimental rig is tested can carry out under the conditions of stationary background noise, only need to measure noise figure, be not required to
Measure vibration parameters.In addition, this method due to use above-mentioned damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket so that the first support plate
And second support plate be rotatably connected between connecting plate, and direction can be correspondingly arranged along the first elongated through-hole and the second elongated through-hole
It is mobile, rotate angle so as to adjust sample, make the damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket be applicable in various damping structure samples and
Various experimental conditions.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, wherein described, unit can as illustrated by the separation member
It is physically separated with being or may not be, component shown as a unit may or may not be physics list
Member, it can it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units.It can be selected according to the actual needs
In some or all of the modules achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.Those of ordinary skill in the art are not paying creativeness
Labour in the case where, it can understand and implement.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket characterized by comprising
Two connecting plates, the first support plate and the second support plate；
Two connecting plates are fixed on a vibration table and interval setting, the lateral edge of two connecting plates are correspondingly provided with vertically
The first elongated through-hole that direction extends and the second elongated through-hole extended along the longitudinal direction；First support plate is by described first
Elongated through-hole limit, and be rotatablely connected with two connecting plates；Second support plate is limited by second elongated through-hole,
And it is rotatablely connected with two connecting plates.
2. damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
First adjusting rod, first adjusting rod pass through first support plate, are rotatably arranged in first elongated through-hole；
Second adjusting rod, second adjusting rod pass through second support plate, are rotatably arranged in second elongated through-hole.
3. damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket according to claim 2, which is characterized in that first adjusting rod and
Second adjusting rod is threaded rod, and at least one end of first adjusting rod and second adjusting rod is equipped with handle.
4. damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket according to claim 2, which is characterized in that first elongated through-hole
Rack gear is equipped with in second elongated through-hole；It is engaged on first adjusting rod with the rack gear of first elongated through-hole；
It is engaged on second adjusting rod with the rack gear of second elongated through-hole.
5. damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the handle is externally provided with set
Pipe, described sleeve pipe are in semi-cylindrical, are socketed on the handle.
6. damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first support plate and
The third elongated through-hole extended in left-right direction is equipped at the top of second support plate, the third elongated through-hole is for solid
Determine sample.
7. a kind of damping structure anti-acoustic capability experimental rig characterized by comprising
Sound transducer, Acquisition Instrument, shake table, intelligent terminal and such as damping structure of any of claims 1-6 drop
Performance test of making an uproar bracket；
The damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket is for fixing sample；
The sound transducer passes sequentially through the Acquisition Instrument and is electrically connected with the intelligent terminal, for noise data to be sent to
In the intelligent terminal.
8. damping structure anti-acoustic capability experimental rig according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the shake table is equipped with control
Device processed, the shake table are electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is used to adjust the working condition of the shake table.
9. damping structure anti-acoustic capability experimental rig according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the sound transducer is set
It sets in the top of the damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, apart from the 20~40cm of sample.
It is tested 10. a kind of using damping structure anti-acoustic capability experimental rig as claimed in any one of claims 7-9
Method, which is characterized in that described method includes following steps:
Step S1: starting Acquisition Instrument utilizes the back of Acquisition Instrument and sound transducer measurement damping structure anti-acoustic capability experimental rig
Scape noise；
Step S2: installing the first sample on damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, is surveyed using Acquisition Instrument and sound transducer
One sample of flow control and the common noise figure of ambient noise, and calculate the noise figure only given off by the first sample；
Step S3: installing the second sample on damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, is surveyed using Acquisition Instrument and sound transducer
Two sample of flow control and the common noise figure of ambient noise, and calculate the noise figure only given off by the second sample；
Step S4: installing third sample on damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, is surveyed using Acquisition Instrument and sound transducer
Three sample of flow control and the common noise figure of ambient noise, and calculate the noise figure only given off by third sample；
Step S5: installing the 4th sample on damping structure anti-acoustic capability test bracket, is surveyed using Acquisition Instrument and sound transducer
Four sample of flow control and the common noise figure of ambient noise, and calculate the noise figure only given off by the 4th sample；
Step S6: noise figure, the third sample that noise figure, the second sample given off according to the first sample gives off give off
The noise figure that noise figure and the 4th sample give off calculates noise reduction.
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