CN109826212A - A kind of composite construction and construction method for repairing highfill embankment landslide - Google Patents
A kind of composite construction and construction method for repairing highfill embankment landslide Download PDFInfo
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- CN109826212A CN109826212A CN201910157566.8A CN201910157566A CN109826212A CN 109826212 A CN109826212 A CN 109826212A CN 201910157566 A CN201910157566 A CN 201910157566A CN 109826212 A CN109826212 A CN 109826212A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses the composite constructions and construction method of a kind of reparation highfill embankment landslide, the composite construction includes cement slurry column, anchor pole and prestress anchorage cable, the cement slurry column is divided into three groups, respectively A group cement slurry column, B group cement slurry column and C group cement slurry column.The present invention uses floral tube grouting technique, it is effectively improved the property of the soil body, enough withdrawal resistances are provided for suspension roof support, prestress anchorage cable is combined with the soil body, so that Rock-soil Mass Structure is stablized, apply prestressing force by the tensioning of prestress anchorage cable, can effectively control deformation, safety coefficient is obviously improved before side slope is relatively administered after improvement.The existing landslide soil body is taken full advantage of simultaneously.Solve the problems, such as that conventional medium and small barricade is unable to satisfy design requirement using the solution of the present invention.It after carrying out landslide slope treatment using the present invention, can restore according to primary side slope line, not continue to occupy construction red line, suitable for not having the recovery project for continuing slope condition.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to traffic engineering technical fields, especially a kind of to repair the composite construction and apply that highfill embankment caves in
Work method.
Background technique
The traffic engineering such as nearly more than 30 year highway in China and railway build high speed development, especially western mountainous areas.To adapt to
Totally there is the road of many high embankments, high cutting to road in linear requirement, the geological process in some areas part in addition
Supercolossal precipitation wash away, cause the road of highfill embankment to cave in and happen occasionally, such as on May 31st, 2007, Chongqing City Fengjie
The dam eternally happy town Li Jia is caused to give at 3 kilometers of road of benefactor south of road bank connection because continuing heavy rainfall in county, section connection road, provincial highway witch's grace south of road
For roadbed across more than 150 rice that collapse, total amount of caving in causes disconnected road up to 3 Wan Yufang.Road not only causes traffic unsmooth once caving in, even
It can cause serious life and property loss.
High side slope of embankment height reach more than ten meters it is even more, conventional medium and small barricade can no longer meet design requirement,
It is administered using antiskid, retaining wall, excessively high due to banketing, the scale of construction is excessive, and building-in depth long for the stake of friction pile requirement
It is very high, cause project cost excessively high, and antiskid stake holes and retaining wall foundation construction need fairly large excavation to be also easy to produce into one
The secondary disaster of step.Using prestressing anchor support engineering, advantage of lower cost, but backfilled slope are predominantly backfilled
Soil can not provide enough intensity between the body that bankets and be in the milk.Some landslide sections construction red line is required it is stringent, do not have after
Continuous slope condition, the processing simultaneously for the landslide soil body also need to expend a large amount of manpower and material resources.It is badly in need of a kind of restorative procedure
It can make full use of the existing soil body, while original appearance recovery can be carried out, and significantly improve Side Slope Safety Coefficient, while having both one
Fixed economy.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the drawbacks described above of the prior art, a kind of answering for reparation highfill embankment landslide is provided
Structure and construction method are closed, the landslide of high fill road can either be effectively repaired, and side slope can be restored according to the former gradient and significantly improved
Slope stability.
Realizing the technical solution of above-mentioned purpose is:
A kind of composite construction for repairing highfill embankment landslide, including cement slurry column, anchor pole and prestress anchorage cable, it is described
Cement slurry column is divided into three groups, and respectively A group cement slurry column, B group cement slurry column and C group cement slurry column, A group cement slurry column is arranged in
In the former road surface region that do not come down on the right side of landslide areas, it is highly identical as the former pavement-height not come down;B group cement slurry column cloth
It sets in the former road surface region of landslide areas, highly identical as the height of A group cement slurry column, the periphery on B group cement slurry column top
It is located in landslide platform for backfill area, lower part;C group cement slurry column is arranged in the former slope surface region of landslide areas, is high
Degree is identical as the height of landslide platform, and C group cement slurry column is located in landslide platform;The anchor pole has more, point
Not Chuan Guo left side do not come down slope surface be inserted into C group cement slurry column arrangement area in;The prestress anchorage cable has more, is each passed through
The backfill area of landslide areas is inserted into B group cement slurry column arrangement area and A group cement slurry column arrangement area;
The cement slurry column lined up along roadbed length direction it is multiple rows of, it is adjacent two rows between cement slurry column it is staggered,
That is a cement slurry column is on the middle position that the position of roadbed length direction is placed exactly in adjacent two cement slurry columns of a row.
Further, between the distance between described adjacent two rows of cement slurry column two cement slurry columns adjacent with same row
Be equidistant, that is, the blossom type that is commonly called as arrangement or floral tube type arrangement.
A kind of construction method of composite construction that repairing highfill embankment landslide, comprising the following steps:
A, floral tube consolidation by grouting is carried out in the former road surface region that do not come down on the right side of landslide areas;
Multiple rows of grout hole is laid along link length direction, and is arranged in blossom type, grout hole is used by geological drilling rig pore-forming
Sleeve grouting method grouting, forms A group cement slurry column;Grouting pressure is selected according to engineering site information summary and with grouting pressure
Power.
Grouting pressure has with fill stratum pore abundance, water burst pressure, the viscosity of slurry material and gel time length
It closes, is calculated according to following empirical equation:
P=β γ τ+c α λ h
In formula: P --- design grouting pressure, i.e. final pressure value, MPa;
β --- loss coefficient, value 1-3;
γ --- more than upper stop grouting plug banket soil layer bulk density;
τ --- more than upper stop grouting plug banket soil thickness;
C --- grouting order coefficient, a sequence take 1, and two sequences take 1.25, and three sequences take 1.5;
α --- grouting takes 0.8 from top to bottom, and grouting takes 0.6 from bottom to top;
λ --- the above undisturbed soil severe of grout compartment;
H --- the above original state soil thickness of grout compartment;
B, smooth landslide platform;
In not coming down on roadbed for landslide areas, smooth, formation landslide platform is carried out to landslide with small-sized machine,
It prepares for follow-up work.
C, floral tube consolidation by grouting is carried out on the landslide platform that roadbed and landslide surface are formed that do not come down of landslide areas;
Floral tube grouting is carried out according to step A, forms C group cement slurry column;Grouting pressure according to landslide platform condition
Again it chooses.
D, the soil body that comes down is cleared up outside former slope surface, is sprayed overall length caking property anchor pole+linked network is carried out below landslide platform
Concrete support:
D1, overall length caking property anchor bolt construction process are as follows: anchor pole production, places anchor pole, grouting at drilling.
D2, m esh-hanging sprayed concrete working procedure are as follows:
D21, reinforcing bar netting: steel mesh, whole-length cohesive anchor bolt end linked network are woven in injection armored concrete.
D22, gunite concrete: the concrete of regulation model, specific thickness is sprayed according to design requirement;Gunite concrete point
It sprays three times, layering injection.
E, backfilling of earthwork is successively carried out according to former slope surface, until landslide areas is restored to former slope surface and former road pavement form;
When backfill area carries out backfilling of earthwork, backfill layering is spread out and put on.Every layer of paving soil thickness is wanted according to soil property, compactness
Machine performance of summing determines.Every layer is arranged inclined angle when spreading out and putting on.
F, restoring to carry out floral tube consolidation by grouting in the region of road surface;
Floral tube grouting is carried out according to step A, forms B group cement slurry column;Grouting pressure according to restore road surface condition again
It chooses.
G, prestress anchorage cable+m esh-hanging sprayed concrete mode is carried out to backfill area side slope to reinforce;
G1, construction prestressed cable process are as follows: prestress anchorage cable production, drilling, place prestress anchorage cable, grouting, tensioning,
Locking.Pre- tensioning is carried out before tensioning, according to the pre- tensioning of 10%-20% of design value of thrust, formal tensile load classification is gradually
Apply, in the preset time period after prestress anchorage cable tensioning fixation, prestress anchorage cable stress decrease to design value is hereinafter, mended
Tensioning is repaid, until meeting design value.
Prestress anchorage cable production includes free segment production and anchoring section production;
Free segment production is the following steps are included: the free segment in steel strand wires carries out antirust treatment, i.e., in the freedom of steel strand wires
Section housing flexible rubber hose, and tightened the both ends of flexible rubber hose with thin wire, locating support is set every constant spacing in free segment, is used
Iron wire tightens steel strand wires and locating support;
Anchoring section production the following steps are included: steel strand wires anchoring section every constant spacing be arranged locating support, use iron
Silk tightens steel strand wires and locating support;
G2, m esh-hanging sprayed concrete working procedure are identical as step D22.
H, restore damage road surface;
After the completion of the reinforcing in backfill area, road recovery is carried out according to the bed course of former pavement structure, base, surface layer.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1, the present invention uses floral tube grouting technique, is effectively improved the property of the soil body, provides enough resistance to pluckings for suspension roof support
Power, prestress anchorage cable are combined with the soil body, so that Rock-soil Mass Structure is stablized, apply prestressing force by the tensioning of prestress anchorage cable,
Deformation can be effectively controlled, safety coefficient is obviously improved before side slope is relatively administered after improvement.It takes full advantage of simultaneously existing
There is the landslide soil body.
2, landslide side slope is completed using the solution of the present invention and has reached more than 20 meters of even higher reparations, solved often
The problem of medium and small barricade of rule is unable to satisfy design requirement.
3, it after carrying out landslide slope treatment using the present invention, can restore according to primary side slope line, it is red not continue to occupancy construction
Line, suitable for not having the recovery project for continuing slope condition.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of construction method of the invention.
Fig. 2 is side slope original state figure.
Fig. 3 is shape graph after side slope is tentatively administered.
Fig. 4 is shape graph after the slope treatment of lower part.
Fig. 5 is shape graph after backfill area administers.
Fig. 6 is shape graph after back-grouting is administered.
Fig. 7 is shape graph after upper slope is administered.
Fig. 8 is the A-A diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is grouting procedure schematic diagram from top to bottom.
Figure 10 is grouting procedure schematic diagram from bottom to top.
In figure: 1- original slope surface, 2- original road surface, 3- landslide surface, 4- landslide platform, slope surface after 5- comes down, 6-A group cement
Slurry column, 7- backfill area, 8- anchor pole, 9- prestress anchorage cable, 10-B group cement slurry column, 11-C group cement slurry column, 12- grout hole,
The grout compartment 13-, the upper stop grouting plug of 14-, 15- grout pipe.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing and preferred embodiment.As Figure 1-10 shows, Yi Zhongxiu
The composite construction and construction method of multiple highfill embankment landslide, comprising the following steps:
A: floral tube consolidation by grouting is carried out to road is not damaged
The high embankment in somewhere uses 8 lattice girders of anchor pole+alien earth sparging support pattern, caves in because heavy rain washes away, road
Face is destroyed, and slope height has reached 28m.After landslide, the combined slope surface of slope surface 5 after former slope surface 1 becomes landslide surface 3 and comes down.
Floral tube consolidation by grouting is carried out to 2 region of former road surface that do not come down on the right side of landslide areas first, lays 3 rows along link length direction
Grout hole 12, and arranged in blossom type, pitch of holes 3m, grout hole 12 is by geological drilling rig pore-forming, aperture 146mm pipe-following drilling,
The casing of tripping in 108mm, pore-forming 30m, is in the milk using sleeve grouting method, grout compartment 13 is formed between hole, according to engineering site situation
Rule of thumb formula P=β γ τ+c α λ h selectes grouting pressure.Form A group cement slurry column 6.
B: smooth landslide platform
In not coming down on roadbed for landslide areas, it is flat that smooth formation landslide is carried out to landslide surface 3 with small-sized machine
Platform 4, prepares for follow-up work.
C: floral tube grouting is carried out at the landslide platform 4 that roadbed and landslide surface 3 are formed that do not come down of landslide areas and is added
Gu
Floral tube grouting procedure is identical as above-mentioned steps a, but grouting pressure is needed according to 4 parameter of landslide platform again
It calculates and chooses.
D: clearing up outside former slope surface 1 soil body that comes down, and carries out the spray of overall length caking property anchor pole 8+ linked network to 4 or less landslide platform
Penetrate concrete support
Construction machinery appropriate is selected to remove the landslide earthwork, 8 working procedure of overall length caking property anchor pole according to former slope surface 1
Are as follows: the production of anchor pole 8, places anchor pole 8, grouting at drilling.The anchor pole 8 makes, and according to In Slope Engineering Design, the overall length of design is viscous
It is 10m reinforcing bar that knot property anchor pole 8, which is diameter 25mm length, and incident angle is 15 °, 8 spacing 2m of anchor pole.It is arranged in blossom type, it is described
Bore process is to adjust dilling angle at orifice angle according to design requirement after drilling machine is in place.The placement anchor pole 8 is,
It is arranged one to middle bracket every 2m when reinforcing bar is bound after drilling machine pore-forming, is put into drilling.The grouting, slurries use pure water
Mud, Grouting Cement use 32.5 ordinary portland cements, and normally condensing in grouting water without influence cement has with what is hardened
Evil substance, be in the milk body strength grade M30, and grout pipe 15 and anchor pole 8 are put into hole together, and grout pipe 15 is less than apart from hole bottom distance
200mm, during grouting and tube drawing, 15 mouthfuls of grout pipe should be embedded to always in grouting liquid level, when slurries or exhaust pipe are overflowed in aperture
When stopping exhaust, it can stop being in the milk,
The m esh-hanging sprayed concrete construction includes: that (1) uses diameter to weave pair that spacing is 200mm for the reinforcing bar of 8mm
To steel mesh, the connection of 8 end linked network of whole-length cohesive anchor bolt.(2) gunite concrete: sprayed concrete strength grade is C25, coagulation
Native jet thickness is 150mm, and gunite concrete sprays in three times, first sprays 50mm screed-coat, places first layer steel mesh, is spraying
It penetrates 50mm, places second layer steel mesh, finally gunite concrete again, gunite concrete thickness 50mm.
E: successively carrying out backfilling of earthwork according to former slope surface 1, until landslide areas is restored to 2 shape of former slope surface 1 and former road surface
Backfill should be layered and spread out and put on when backfilling of earthwork.It is required according to soil property, compactness and machine performance determines that every layer is spread out and put on
With a thickness of 200mm.Inclined angle is set as 2%.
F: restoring to carry out floral tube consolidation by grouting in the region of road surface
Restoring to set 5 row's grout holes 12 in the region of road surface, equally arranged in blossom type, pitch of holes is still 3m, floral tube grouting
Process is identical as above-mentioned steps a, but grouting pressure needs to recalculate selection according to engineering site situation, forms B group cement
Starch column 10.
G: the mode for carrying out prestress anchorage cable 9+ m esh-hanging sprayed concrete to backfill side slope is reinforced
It according to engineering practice, is calculated by security and stability, design prestress anchorage cable 9 is 3 steel strand wires;Prestressing force
The freedom length of anchor cable 9 is 6m, anchoring depth 8m, and horizontal vertical spacing is 2.5m, is arranged in blossom type, described pre- to answer
The working procedure of power anchor cable 9 are as follows: the production of prestress anchorage cable 9, places anchor pole 8, grouting, tensioning, locking at drilling.The prestressing force
The production of anchor cable 9 includes: free segment production and anchoring section production;Free segment production comprising steps of each steel strand wires from
Antirust treatment is carried out by section, i.e., in the free segment housing flexible rubber hose of the steel strand wires, and is pricked the both ends of flexible rubber hose with thin wire
Into, free segment every 2m be arranged a locating support, steel strand wires and locating support are tightened with iron wire.The anchoring section production packet
It includes step: one locating support being set every 2m in anchoring section, is tightened steel strand wires and locating support with iron wire.Drilling is placed in advance
Stress anchor cable 9, grouting procedure are identical as step d.The tension process includes: that pre- tensioning is carried out before tensioning, is drawn according to design
The pre- tensioning of the 10%-20% of force value, formal tensile load, which will be classified, gradually to be applied, default after 9 tensioning fixation of prestress anchorage cable
In period, 9 stress decrease of prestress anchorage cable is to design value hereinafter, needing to compensate tensioning, until meeting design value.It is described
M esh-hanging sprayed concrete method is identical with step d.
H: restore damage road surface
After the completion of the reinforcing in backfill area 7, road recovery is carried out according to the bed course of former 2 structure of road surface, base, surface layer.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention in any form, though
The right present invention is disclosed above in the preferred embodiment, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention, any person skilled in the art
Without departing from the scope of the present invention, when the technology contents using the disclosure above are modified or are modified to
With variation equivalent embodiment, but it is all for be detached from technical solution of the present invention content, according to the technical essence of the invention to
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification that upper embodiment is done, in the range of still belonging to technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of composite construction for repairing highfill embankment landslide, it is characterised in that: answer including cement slurry column, anchor pole (8) and in advance
Power anchor cable (9), the cement slurry column are divided into three groups, respectively A group cement slurry column (6), B group cement slurry column (10) and C group water
Mud column (11), A group cement slurry column (6) is not arranged in former road surface (2) region that do not come down on the right side of landslide areas, highly and not
Former road surface (2) height on landslide is identical;B group cement slurry column (10) is arranged in former road surface (2) region of landslide areas, highly with
The height of A group cement slurry column (6) is identical, and the periphery on B group cement slurry column (10) top is backfill area (7), lower part is located at second level
It comes down in platform (4);C group cement slurry column (11) is arranged in former slope surface (1) region of landslide areas, is highly flat with landslide
The height of platform (4) is identical, and C group cement slurry column (11) is located in landslide platform (4);The anchor pole (8) has more, respectively
The slope surface that do not come down across left side is inserted into C group cement slurry column (11) arrangement area;The prestress anchorage cable (9) has more, point
Not Chuan Guo landslide areas backfill area (7) be inserted into B group cement slurry column (10) arrangement area and A group cement slurry column (6) arrange area
It is interior;
The cement slurry column lined up along roadbed length direction it is multiple rows of, it is adjacent two rows between cement slurry column it is staggered, i.e., one
Root cement slurry column is on the middle position that the position of roadbed length direction is placed exactly in adjacent two cement slurry columns of a row.
2. a kind of composite construction for repairing highfill embankment landslide according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water
Equal, that is, the blossom type being commonly called as of the distance between the distance between the adjacent two rows of mud column two cement slurry columns adjacent with same row
Arrangement or floral tube type arrangement.
3. a kind of construction method for the composite construction for repairing highfill embankment landslide, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
A, floral tube consolidation by grouting is carried out in former road surface (2) region that do not come down on the right side of landslide areas;
Lay multiple rows of grout hole (12) along link length direction, and arranged in blossom type, grout hole (12) by geological drilling rig pore-forming,
It is in the milk, is formed A group cement slurry column (6) using sleeve grouting method;Grouting pressure is selected according to engineering site information summary and is used
Grouting pressure;
Grouting pressure is related with fill stratum pore abundance, water burst pressure, the viscosity of slurry material and gel time length, presses
It is calculated according to following empirical equation:
P=β γ τ+c α λ h
In formula: P --- design grouting pressure, i.e. final pressure value, MPa;
β --- loss coefficient, value 1-3;
γ --- banket soil layer bulk density more than upper stop grouting plug (14);
τ --- banket soil thickness more than upper stop grouting plug (14);
C --- grouting order coefficient, a sequence take 1, and two sequences take 1.25, and three sequences take 1.5;
α --- grouting takes 0.8 from top to bottom, and grouting takes 0.6 from bottom to top;
λ --- the above undisturbed soil severe of grout compartment;
H --- the above original state soil thickness of grout compartment;
B, smooth landslide platform (4);
In not coming down on roadbed for landslide areas, smooth, formation landslide platform (4) is carried out to landslide with small-sized machine,
It prepares for follow-up work;
C, floral tube grouting is carried out on the landslide platform (4) that roadbed is formed with landslide surface (3) that do not come down of landslide areas to add
Gu;
Floral tube grouting is carried out according to step A, is formed C group cement slurry column (11);Grouting pressure according to landslide platform (4) item
Part is chosen again;
D, it clears up former slope surface (1) to come down outside the soil body, overall length caking property anchor pole (8)+linked network is carried out below to landslide platform (4)
Concrete spraying support:
D1, overall length caking property anchor pole (8) working procedure are as follows: anchor pole (8) production, places anchor pole (8), grouting at drilling;
D2, m esh-hanging sprayed concrete working procedure are as follows:
D21, reinforcing bar netting: steel mesh, whole-length cohesive anchor bolt (8) end linked network are woven in injection armored concrete;
D22, gunite concrete: the concrete of regulation model, specific thickness is sprayed according to design requirement;Gunite concrete is in three times
Injection, layering injection;
E, backfilling of earthwork is successively carried out according to former slope surface (1), until landslide areas is restored to former slope surface (1) and former road surface (2) shape
Shape;
When backfill area (7) carry out backfilling of earthwork, backfill layering is spread out and put on;Every layer of paving soil thickness is wanted according to soil property, compactness
Machine performance of summing determines;Every layer is arranged inclined angle when spreading out and putting on;
F, restoring to carry out floral tube consolidation by grouting in the region of road surface;
Floral tube grouting is carried out according to step A, is formed B group cement slurry column (10);Grouting pressure according to restore road surface condition again
It chooses;
G, the mode for carrying out prestress anchorage cable (9)+m esh-hanging sprayed concrete to backfill area (7) side slope is reinforced;
G1, prestress anchorage cable (9) working procedure are as follows: prestress anchorage cable (9) production, drilling, place prestress anchorage cable (9), grouting,
Tensioning, locking;Pre- tensioning is carried out before tensioning, according to the pre- tensioning of 10%-20% of design value of thrust, formal tensile load classification
Gradually apply, in the preset time period after prestress anchorage cable (9) tensioning fixation, prestress anchorage cable (9) stress decrease to design value
Hereinafter, tensioning is compensated, until meeting design value;
Prestress anchorage cable (9) production includes free segment production and anchoring section production;
Free segment production is the following steps are included: the free segment in steel strand wires carries out antirust treatment, i.e., outside the free segment of steel strand wires
Flexible rubber hose is covered, and is tightened the both ends of flexible rubber hose with thin wire, locating support is set every constant spacing in free segment, uses iron wire
Steel strand wires and locating support are tightened;
Anchoring section production is the following steps are included: locating support is arranged every constant spacing in the anchoring section in steel strand wires, with iron wire general
Steel strand wires are tightened with locating support;
G2, m esh-hanging sprayed concrete working procedure are identical as step D22;
H, restore damage road surface;
After the completion of the reinforcing of backfill area (7), road recovery is carried out according to the bed course of former road surface (2) structure, base, surface layer.
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Cited By (3)
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CN113482657A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-08 | 中铁十六局集团第三工程有限公司 | Tunnel fault closed-door collapse processing and reinforcing method |
CN115142446A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-10-04 | 山东孟子居生态农业股份有限公司 | Slope protection structure of side slope and construction method thereof |
CN115404734A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-29 | 中国电建集团贵州电力设计研究院有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for partial collapse of high fill road |
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CN113482657A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-08 | 中铁十六局集团第三工程有限公司 | Tunnel fault closed-door collapse processing and reinforcing method |
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CN115404734B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-03-26 | 中国电建集团贵州电力设计研究院有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for partial collapse of high-fill road |
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