CN109824605B - Synthetic method of rosuvastatin calcium - Google Patents

Synthetic method of rosuvastatin calcium Download PDF

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CN109824605B
CN109824605B CN201910192741.7A CN201910192741A CN109824605B CN 109824605 B CN109824605 B CN 109824605B CN 201910192741 A CN201910192741 A CN 201910192741A CN 109824605 B CN109824605 B CN 109824605B
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rosuvastatin calcium
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卫禾耕
夏海建
王学进
徐旭炳
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ZHEJIANG YONGTAI TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for synthesizing rosuvastatin calcium, which comprises the steps of preparing a bimolecular rosuvastatin calcium side chain intermediate by using a dienone as a raw material, reacting the dienone raw material of the bimolecular with cyclohexanedione to form the bimolecular side chain intermediate, and preventing the intermediate from forming cis-rosuvastatin calcium in a Wittig reaction due to steric hindrance, so that the optical purity of a product is effectively improved, and the cis-rosuvastatin calcium hardly exists in the product; and avoids harsh reaction conditions at low temperature, and is more favorable for industrial production.

Description

Synthetic method of rosuvastatin calcium
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of drug synthesis, and particularly relates to a novel synthetic method of rosuvastatin calcium.
Background
Rosuvastatin is an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) and is useful in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia and can reduce elevated concentrations of low density cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides and apoprotein B while elevating concentrations of high density cholesterol. Can be used for the comprehensive treatment of primary hypercholesterolemia, mixed lipodystrophy and homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, and is called super statin. In therapy, rosuvastatin is administered as its calcium salt and is a single enantiomer having the following chemical structure.
Figure BDA0001994849570000011
The prior art reports a plurality of preparation methods of rosuvastatin: JP-B-2648897 discloses a process for the production of rosuvastatin calcium salt: (3R) -3- [ (tert-butyldimethylsilyl) oxy ] -5-oxo-6-triphenylphosphinenehexanoic acid methyl ester was condensed with 4- (4-fluorophenyl) -6-isopropyl-2- (N-methyl-N-methanesulfonylamino) -5-pyrimidinecarbaldehyde to introduce a side chain having one asymmetric center, followed by deprotection of 3-hydroxy group, asymmetric reduction of 5-oxo group, and hydrolysis. Since this method requires extremely low temperature conditions (-85 ℃ to-70 ℃) during the asymmetric reduction, it is not a industrially preferred production method at all. In the processes disclosed in international patents WO2010/047296a1, WO2005/042522a1, extremely low temperature conditions (-75 ℃) are also required during the Wittig reaction. In addition, since the Wittig reaction has a ratio of cis-trans isomers, even if recrystallization or the like is performed, the compound having the Z configuration remains in the compound having the E configuration, and thus, a cis-rosuvastatin calcium impurity is inevitably formed in the subsequent reaction, and the impurity affects the pharmaceutical efficacy of the drug or the like.
Figure BDA0001994849570000012
Recently, Bernhard Breit et al (org. Lett.2018,20,3286-3290) reported that a side chain of rosuvastatin calcium can be synthesized with high stereoselectivity by using allene as a raw material, however, in practice, it was found that rosuvastatin calcium synthesized from the prepared side chain, and a small amount of Z-configuration product remained. Chinese patent CN201410720698.4 discloses a bimolecular intermediate generated by introducing cyclohexanedione through one-step reaction, and the bimolecular intermediate is a novel rosuvastatin calcium synthesis intermediate.
In view of the clinical efficacy of rosuvastatin calcium, the rosuvastatin calcium has a wide market, and the synthesis method of the rosuvastatin calcium is always the key point of industrial research. The inventor researches the defects of the existing synthesis method and provides a new synthesis method of rosuvastatin calcium.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preparing a bimolecular rosuvastatin calcium side chain intermediate by using allene as a raw material, wherein the bimolecular rosuvastatin calcium side chain intermediate is formed by the reaction of the allene raw material of the bimolecular and cyclohexanedione, and the intermediate is not easy to form cis-rosuvastatin calcium in a Wittig reaction due to steric hindrance, so that the optical purity of a product is effectively improved, and the cis-rosuvastatin calcium (E: Z > >99.9:0.1) hardly exists in the product; and avoids harsh reaction conditions at low temperature, and is more favorable for industrial production.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a new synthesis method of rosuvastatin calcium, which comprises the following steps:
1) reacting the compound of the formula I with 1, 4-cyclohexanedione in the presence of a palladium catalyst, a phosphine ligand and an auxiliary agent to obtain a compound of a formula II;
2) oxidizing the compound of the formula II in a hydrogen peroxide-heteropoly acid system to obtain a compound of a formula III;
3) reacting the compound shown in the formula III with the compound shown in the formula IV to generate a compound shown in the formula V;
4) hydrolyzing the compound of the formula V to obtain a compound of a formula VI;
5) reacting the compound in the formula VI under an acidic condition to obtain a compound in a formula VII;
6) hydrolyzing the compound in the formula VII to form salt to obtain rosuvastatin calcium;
the reaction route is as follows:
Figure BDA0001994849570000031
wherein R is 1 Selected from alkyl; r 2 Is selected from P + (Ph) 3 X - Or PO (Ph) 2 ,X - Represents a halide ion.
In one inventive embodiment, R 1 Preferably C 1-6 An alkyl group;
in one inventive embodiment, R 1 Preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl or tert-butyl; most preferred are methyl and ethyl.
In one inventive embodiment, R 2 Is selected from P + (Ph) 3 Br -
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, in step 1), the palladium catalyst is selected from Pd (PPh) 3 ) 4 、Pd(PPh 3 ) 2 Cl 2 、Pd(OAc) 2 Or Pd (acac) 2
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the phosphine ligand is selected from (S) - (-) -SEGphos or DPEphos.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the auxiliary agent is selected from p-toluene sulfonic acidAcid, Ph 2 PO 4 H. Phosphoric acid, benzenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid or acetic acid, preferably p-toluenesulfonic acid.
Preferably, the reaction solvent of step 1) is selected from benzene, toluene or xylene.
In an embodiment of the invention, the hydrogen peroxide used in step 2) is selected from hydrogen peroxide having a mass fraction of 30% to 60%.
In an embodiment of the invention, the heteropolyacid used in step 2) is selected from phosphomolybdic heteropolyacids, phosphotungstic heteropolyacids; preferably H 3 PW 12 O 40 、H 4 PMo 11 VO 40 、H 3 PMo 12 O 40 Or H 4 PW 11 VO 40
Preferably, the reaction solvent of step 2) is an alcohol, preferably methanol, ethanol, tert-butanol or isopropanol.
In one inventive embodiment, the reaction temperature of step 1) is in the range of 60 ℃ to 100 ℃, preferably 80 ℃ to 85 ℃.
In one embodiment of the invention, the reaction temperature in step 2) is between 10 ℃ and 40 ℃, preferably between 20 ℃ and 35 ℃.
In one embodiment of the invention, the reaction of step 3) is carried out in DMSO as a solvent in the presence of a base, preferably K 2 CO 3 、Na 2 CO 3 、KHCO 3 、NaHCO 3 、KOH、NaOH。
In one embodiment of the invention, step 4) the compound of formula V is hydrolyzed under basic conditions to provide the compound of formula VI. An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodium carbonate is used to provide an alkaline environment. Preferably, an aqueous solution of 0.1-1.0M sodium hydroxide is used to provide the alkaline environment.
In an embodiment of the invention, the acidic conditions in step 5) are a hydrochloric acid concentration of 37% in a hydrochloric acid environment.
In the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the raw materials used are all known compounds in the field, and can be obtained commercially or synthesized by the preparation method known in the field.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts the allene as the raw material to form a bimolecular side chain intermediate with cyclohexanedione, and the generation of cis-rosuvastatin calcium is reduced in Wittig reaction due to steric hindrance, so that the optical purity of the product is improved, and the cis-rosuvastatin calcium (E: Z > >99.9:0.1) hardly exists in the product; and avoids harsh reaction conditions at low temperature, and is more favorable for industrial production.
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FIG. 1: rosuvastatin calcium synthesis roadmap of the present invention
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples in order to better illustrate embodiments of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Figure BDA0001994849570000041
Compound II is prepared by reference to Bernhard Breit et al (org. Lett.2018,20, 3286-3290). Adding Pd (PPh) into the reaction bottle 3 ) 4 (3.56g, 3.07mmol, 2.0 mol%), (S) - (-) -SEGphos (4.69g, 7.69mmol, 5.0 mol%) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (2.65g, 15.39mmol,10 mol%), after 5min of nitrogen introduction, the compound of formula I (24.0g, 153.85mmol, 1.0 eq), 1, 4-cyclohexanedione (8.62g, 0.5 eq) and freshly distilled toluene (300mL) were added, warmed to 85 deg.C, stirred for 14 h, cooled to room temperature, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel column, n-hexane: EtOA) C 3:1) to give II (30.32g, 93%, d.r) as a colorless oil.>99:1)。MS(ESI)m/z:425.32(M+H) +1 H-NMR(400MHz,CDC1 3 ):δ=5.83-5.80(m,2H),5.27-5.25(m,2H),5.17-5.14(m,2H),4.64-4.55(m,1H),4.42-4.32(m,1H),4.14-3.93(m,2H),3.69(s,3H),3.66(s,3H),2.63-2.34(m,4H),2.11-1.65(m,12H)。
The effect of the choice of catalyst, ligand and adjuvant on the reaction was investigated according to the procedure of example 1 and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Effect of different reaction conditions on yield and optical purity
Figure BDA0001994849570000051
Example 2
Figure BDA0001994849570000052
8.5g of the compound of the formula II are dissolved in 40ml of ethanol, 0.85g of heteropolyacid H are added 3 PW 12 O 40 Dropwise adding 30% H 2 O 2 30ml of aqueous solution, controlling the reaction temperature at 35 ℃, after 6 hours of reaction, evaporating the solvent, adding water, extracting by ethyl acetate, and obtaining an organic phase Na 2 SO 4 Drying and evaporation of the solvent under reduced pressure gave 8.42g of the compound of formula III in 98% yield. 1 H-NMR(400MHz,CDC1 3 ):δ=9.8(d,1H),9.6(d,1H),4.56-4.52(m,1H),4.37-4.30(m,1H),4.18-3.92(m,2H),3.68(s,3H),3.66(s,3H),2.61-2.35(m,4H),2.07-1.63(m,12H)。
The influence of the selection of the oxidation system and the catalyst on the reaction was investigated according to the procedure of example 2, and the results are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
Oxidation system Catalyst and process for preparing same Reaction temperature and time Yield of
30%H 2 O 2 + tert-butanol H 4 PMo 11 VO 40 30℃、6h 86%
60%H 2 O 2 + ethanol H 3 PMo 12 O 40 25℃、5h 95%
30%H 2 O 2 + isopropyl alcohol H 4 PW 11 VO 40 35℃、7h 92%
Example 3
Figure BDA0001994849570000061
13.56g (0.02mol) of the compound of the formula IV and 4.28g (0.01mol) of the compound of the formula III are dissolved in 40ml of DMSO and dissolved with stirring; heating to 85 ℃; adding 5.52g (0.04mol) of potassium carbonate, stirring, keeping the temperature at 85 ℃ for reaction for 15h, adding 120ml of water after the reaction is finished, separating out a white solid, washing with saturated saline, washing with 5% ethanol, and drying to obtain 9.81g of a white solid compound V, wherein the yield is 92%, and d.r.>99:1。MS(ESI)m/z:1068.12(M+H) +1 H-NMR(400MHz,CDC1 3 ):δ=7.70(m,4H),7.15(m,4H),6.54(m,2H),5.8(m,2H),4.64-4.55(m,1H),4.42-4.32(m,1H),4.14-3.93(m,2H),3.69(s,3H),3.66(s,3H),3.12-3.10(m,2H),2.84-2.78(s,6H),2.61-2.35(m,10H),2.10-1.64(m,12H),1.30-1.26(m,12H)。
Example 4
Figure BDA0001994849570000062
Dissolving 9g (8.43mmol) of the compound of formula V in 100ml ethanol, adding 0.1M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution 150ml, stirring at 80 deg.C for 12h, cooling to 0 deg.C, adjusting pH to 4 with hydrochloric acid, adding Dichloromethane (DCM)500ml, separating DCM layer, extracting aqueous layer with DCM for 3 times, 150ml each time, combining organic phase, washing with saturated common salt water, Na 2 SO 4 Drying and evaporation of the solvent under reduced pressure gave 8.33g of compound VI, HPLC: 99 percent; MS (ESI) M/z 1062.35(M + Na) +1 H-NMR(400MHz,CDC1 3 ):δ=7.71(m,4H),7.17(m,4H),6.53(m,2H),5.7(m,2H),4.65-4.56(m,1H),4.44-4.33(m,1H),4.15-3.92(m,2H),3.13-3.10(m,2H),2.86-2.79(s,6H),2.62-2.34(m,10H),2.12-1.65(m,12H),1.32-1.27(m,12H)。
Example 5
Figure BDA0001994849570000071
Dissolving 5g of the compound of formula VI in 40ml of toluene, adjusting the pH to 3 with 37% concentrated aqueous hydrochloric acid (hydrochloric acid may be added during the reaction to maintain the pH at 3), reacting at room temperature for 8h, adding 20ml of water and 50ml of DCM, cooling to 0 deg.C, stirring, adding NaHCO 3 Adjusting pH to 7 with aqueous solution, immediately separating organic phase, extracting aqueous phase with DCM 3 times (20 ml each time), combining organic phases, washing with saturated saline solution 3 times, and Na 2 SO 4 Drying and evaporation of the solvent under reduced pressure gave 3.88g of the compound of formula VII in 87% yield, HPLC: 99 percent. MS (ESI) M/z 464.19(M + H) +1 H-NMR(400MHz,CDC1 3 ):δ=7.63-7.58(m,2H),7.13-7.08(m,2H),6.73(dd,1H),5.48(dd,1H),5.25-5.21(m,1H),4.30(tt,1H),3.54(s,3H),3.52(s,3H),3.32(1H),2.72(dd,1H),2.65(m,1H),1.92(m,1H),1.85(s,1H),1.67(m,1H),1.28(d,3H),1.25(d,3H)。
Example 6
Figure BDA0001994849570000072
4g of a compound of the formula VII dissolved in 30ml of TAdding 20ml of 40% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution into HF (hydrogen fluoride) dropwise within 10min, stirring at room temperature for reacting for 3h after dropwise adding, adding 80ml of water and 20ml of n-hexane, demixing, extracting an organic phase with water for 3 times (10 ml each time), combining water phases, washing with methyl tert-butyl ether for 2 times, filtering to remove insoluble substances, cooling to 10 ℃, adding 10ml of 0.5g/ml calcium acetate solution dropwise, stirring for 30min after dropwise adding, precipitating a large amount of solid, filtering, washing a filter cake with water, and drying to obtain 3.82g of rosuvastatin calcium, E: Z>>99.9:0.1,HPLC:99.87%,MS(ESI)m/z:1001.32(M+H) +
All documents mentioned in this application are incorporated by reference in this application as if each were individually incorporated by reference. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the above teachings of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (13)

1. A method for synthesizing rosuvastatin calcium comprises the following steps:
1) reacting the compound shown in the formula I with 1, 4-cyclohexanedione in the presence of a palladium catalyst, a phosphine ligand and an auxiliary agent to obtain a compound shown in the formula II;
2) oxidizing the compound of the formula II in a hydrogen peroxide-heteropoly acid system to obtain a compound of a formula III;
3) reacting the compound shown in the formula III with the compound shown in the formula IV to generate a compound shown in the formula V;
4) hydrolyzing the compound of the formula V to obtain a compound of a formula VI;
5) reacting the compound in the formula VI under an acidic condition to obtain a compound in a formula VII;
6) hydrolyzing the compound shown in the formula VII to form salt to obtain rosuvastatin calcium;
the reaction route is as follows:
Figure FDA0003522660730000011
wherein R is 1 Selected from alkyl groups; r is 2 Is selected from P + (Ph) 3 X - Or PO (Ph) 2 ,X - Represents a halide ion;
step 1) the phosphine ligand is selected from (S) - (-) -SEGphos;
step 1) the auxiliary agent is selected from p-toluenesulfonic acid;
the heteropoly acid used in the step 2) is selected from phosphomolybdic heteropoly acid and phosphotungstic heteropoly acid.
2. A synthesis process according to claim 1, characterized in that: r is 1 Is C 1-6 An alkyl group.
3. A synthesis method according to claim 1, characterized in that: r 1 Is methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl or tert-butyl.
4. A synthesis process according to claim 1, characterized in that: r is 1 Is methyl or ethyl.
5. The synthesis method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: r is 2 Is P + (Ph) 3 Br -
6. The synthesis method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: step 1) the palladium catalyst is selected from Pd (PPh) 3 ) 4 、Pd(PPh 3 ) 2 Cl 2 、Pd(OAc) 2 Or Pd (acac) 2
7. A synthesis method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the reaction solvent of step 1) is selected from benzene, toluene or xylene.
8. The synthesis method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the hydrogen peroxide used in the step 2) is 30-60% of hydrogen peroxide by mass fraction.
9. The synthesis method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the heteropolyacid used in step 2) is selected from H 3 PW 12 O 40 、H 4 PMo 11 VO 40 、H 3 PMo 12 O 40 Or H 4 PW 11 VO 40
10. A synthesis method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the reaction solvent in step 2) is alcohol.
11. The synthesis method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the reaction solvent of the step 2) is methanol, ethanol, tert-butyl alcohol or isopropanol.
12. A synthesis method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the reaction of the step 3) is carried out in the presence of a base and DMSO as a solvent.
13. The method of synthesis according to claim 12, characterized in that: the base is selected from K 2 CO 3 、Na 2 CO 3 、KHCO 3 、NaHCO 3 KOH or NaOH.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1315946A (en) * 1999-06-29 2001-10-03 钟渊化学工业株式会社 Process for selective lactonization
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Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1315946A (en) * 1999-06-29 2001-10-03 钟渊化学工业株式会社 Process for selective lactonization
CN104447784A (en) * 2014-12-02 2015-03-25 南京博优康远生物医药科技有限公司 Statin medicine intermediate as well as preparation method and application thereof
CN107652170A (en) * 2017-09-25 2018-02-02 青岛科技大学 A kind of method that organic-inorganic heteropolyacid salt catalysis oxidation of cyclopentene prepares glutaraldehyde

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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Palladium-Catalyzed Stereoselective Cyclization of in Situ Formed Allenyl Hemiacetals: Synthesis of Rosuvastatin and Pitavastatin;Pierre A. Spreider等;《Organic Letters》;20180517;第20卷(第11期);第3286页第5段倒数第1-3行和第3287页表1,第3287页第1段第4行,第3288页第1栏倒数第2段和scheme 6 *
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