CN109821852B

CN109821852B - Method for treating domestic garbage landfill and treating domestic garbage

Info

Publication number: CN109821852B
Application number: CN201910138865.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨帆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-02-25
Filing date: 2019-02-25
Publication date: 2020-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 2039-02-25
Also published as: CN109821852A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for treating a domestic garbage landfill and treating domestic garbage, wherein a domestic garbage treatment plant is built in the garbage landfill or the garbage landfill which is sealed during the use of the domestic garbage treatment plant, so that the newly produced domestic garbage is treated, the buried domestic garbage is dug out for treatment, and the process of the newly built domestic garbage treatment plant is used for recycling, so that the pollution source is eliminated, and the effective utilization of resources is realized. The method has the advantages that the construction of a domestic garbage disposal plant can utilize the basic facilities of the landfill site, the existing formed garbage collecting and transporting system is not changed, the environmental pollution problem of the existing garbage landfill site is gradually reduced until the problem is eliminated, new environmental risks caused by the construction of the garbage disposal plant at a new site are avoided, the treated land can be reused, and the surrounding environment of the garbage landfill site is improved.

Description

Method for treating domestic garbage landfill and treating domestic garbage

Technical Field

The invention relates to a garbage disposal technology, in particular to a method for treating a domestic garbage landfill and treating domestic garbage.

Background

In the past decades, municipal domestic waste is mainly treated in a landfill mode, a landfill site becomes point source pollution which is urgently needed to be treated, the landfill site pollutes the environment in the using process and is still a hidden environmental protection danger after being sealed, and the conventional treatment scheme is to seal the landfill site and cover soil; and greening the landfill after covering soil, wherein the sealing is realized by leading out gas generated by garbage fermentation by using a gas guide pipe to avoid burning and explosion, leading out percolate generated by garbage fermentation by using a guide pipe to avoid polluting underground water, and leading out the percolate to be treated to reach the discharge standard and then discharged into an urban sewage system. The existing garbage landfill treatment mode has the main problems that a pollution source (landfill household garbage) exists for a long time after the garbage is sealed, the potential safety hazard and the environmental protection hazard are serious, the garbage must be treated for a long time, and the land of the landfill can not be reused. Newly generated garbage also needs to be relocated to build a treatment plant. As public environmental protection consciousness is enhanced, land value is increased, and a new garbage disposal site is difficult to select sites after the existing landfill site is filled.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a method for treating a domestic garbage landfill and a domestic garbage treatment method.

The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:

the method is characterized in that newly produced household garbage is treated in an original garbage treatment site, and then the buried household garbage is dug out for treatment, so that pollution sources are eliminated fundamentally, the landfill is treated, the environment is improved, the treated land can be reused, the environment is improved, the surrounding public satisfaction is promoted to be improved, and the method is an effective scheme for solving the refuse city.

The invention comprises the following steps:

(1) firstly, carrying out on-site survey on a landfill site, and determining the specific position of a newly-built garbage disposal plant in an unfilled domestic garbage area, if the total planar arrangement of the newly-built garbage disposal plant needs to partially occupy a filled area, clearing the filled area and then leveling a plant construction site; partitioning the filled area according to the time sequence of planned garbage excavation, determining that the recently excavated land should be subjected to stability treatment, and stabilizing biological reaction before excavation operation by adopting an oxygen delivery and air extraction treatment technology of a garbage landfill; the oxygen delivery and air extraction technology is that fresh air is pressurized and then injected into the deep part of the garbage by a pipeline, the water content of the landfill garbage is reasonably adjusted according to the biochemical reaction requirement, water is injected by a water pump for adjusting water, and microorganism bacteria are added into the water; simultaneously, extracting gases such as carbon dioxide and the like from the garbage, and monitoring the temperature and humidity of the stably treated landfill garbage and garbage gases;

(2) after the landfill is treated by the earlier stage stabilizing technology, digging out the landfill by an excavator, conveying the dug-out garbage to a drying chamber by a transfer vehicle, ventilating the bottom of the drying chamber, introducing tail gas of an incinerator from the bottom, extracting the tail gas from the top, sealing the drying chamber, arranging 2 drying chambers, drying 1 drying chamber, feeding and discharging the other 1, and using 2 chambers in turn;

(3) sorting is carried out after drying, the garbage is sorted according to the particle size by a separation method, fine particle residue soil enters a fermentation bin, and microbial bacteria are added into the fermentation bin to completely decompose organic matters into odorless nutrient soil;

(4) pouring the new household garbage recycled by the special collecting and transporting vehicle into a temporary storage room, mechanically sorting the household garbage, and feeding the household garbage into a rough sorting machine by a feeding belt conveyor; the coarse separator divides the garbage into small materials and large materials; magnetically separating undersize materials of the small materials to separate iron objects in the undersize materials, wherein the remainder is decomposable garbage which is a fertilizer preparation raw material; the large materials are magnetically separated to separate iron materials from oversize materials, the magnetically separated oversize materials are conveyed to a comprehensive winnowing machine by a belt conveyor to be winnowed, the comprehensive winnowing machine can separate light materials from the oversize materials, mainly plastic films separate heavy materials from the oversize materials, and the rest materials are mixtures; iron substances are subjected to harmless treatment and then used for other purposes, and light materials are compressed and used for other purposes; the heavy inorganic substance and the slag are crushed together and added with the additive to be made into bricks; the mixture is mainly combustible and is dried by a dryer which supplies heat by a heat exchanger, the dried mixture is used as fuel in an incinerator, the working temperature of a secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator is 900-1000 ℃, so that dioxin generated by combustion is completely decomposed, the temperature of the generated flue tail gas is reduced to 200-300 ℃ by the heat exchanger, the dioxin is effectively prevented from being synthesized again, and the heat energy acquired by the heat exchanger provides a heat source for the whole system; the flue gas after cooling is removed large particles in the flue gas through a cyclone dust collector, the flue gas is sent to the bottom of a drying chamber, the gas pumped out from the top of the drying chamber is subjected to a bag-type dust collector to remove small particles in the flue gas, the odor and the peculiar smell are removed, substances such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide and the like in the flue gas are removed by a desulfurizing tower and then the flue gas reaches the standard and is discharged, wherein the desulfurizing tower consists of a secondary alkali liquor washing layer and a tertiary packing layer and is driven by a high-pressure draught fan; making bricks by using the slag and the heavy inorganic matters together;

(5) the decomposable garbage is a raw material for manufacturing organic fertilizer, and is subjected to high-temperature aerobic fermentation in a biochemical bin to fully decompose organic matters into organic matters; in the fermentation process, air can be supplied by a blower forcibly, the air source is waste gas for drying the mixture, so that waste gas treatment is realized, sufficient oxygen supply is provided for aerobic fermentation, water content needs to be allocated for fermentation, water needs to be allocated additionally, and the water source needs to be allocated for garbage percolate in a temporary garbage storage room; the corrodible organic matter is biologically decomposed to become organic matter which has good stability and can be absorbed by plants; the biochemical bin is provided with waste gas purification treatment equipment, and the purified waste gas reaches the standard and is discharged; the decomposed substances are subjected to crushing, screening and magnetic separation treatment to remove metal substances and other impurities in the decomposed substances, and then are prepared into organic fine powder through a grinding machine; the organic fine powder is mixed with inorganic fertilizer and biological bacteria and granulated to produce granular high-efficiency compound fertilizer.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention relates to a method for treating a domestic garbage landfill and treating domestic garbage, which is characterized in that a domestic garbage treatment plant is built in the garbage landfill or the garbage landfill which is sealed during use, so that newly produced domestic garbage is treated, the buried domestic garbage is dug out, the process of the newly built domestic garbage treatment plant is used for resource comprehensive utilization, pollution sources are eliminated, and resources are effectively utilized. The method has the advantages that the construction of a domestic garbage disposal plant can utilize the basic facilities of the landfill site, the existing formed garbage collecting and transporting system is not changed, the environmental pollution problem of the existing garbage landfill site is gradually reduced until the problem is eliminated, new environmental risks caused by the construction of the garbage disposal plant at a new site are avoided, the treated land can be reused, and the surrounding environment of the garbage landfill site is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

as shown in fig. 1: the method for eradicating pollution of the landfill site is to dig out filled garbage to eliminate pollution sources. The working steps are that firstly, on-site investigation is carried out on a landfill site, the specific position of the newly-built garbage disposal plant is determined in the region without filling the domestic garbage, and if the total plane layout of the newly-built garbage disposal plant needs to partially occupy the filled region, the site of the plant construction is leveled after being cleared. The filled area is divided into blocks according to the time sequence of planned excavation of the garbage, the recently excavated land blocks are determined to be subjected to stability treatment, and the biological reaction is stabilized before the excavation operation by adopting the oxygen transportation and air extraction treatment technology of the garbage landfill. The oxygen-delivering and air-extracting technique is characterized by that after the fresh air is pressurized, it is injected into the deep place of refuse by means of pipeline, according to the biochemical reaction requirements the water content of the refuse can be reasonably regulated, and the water can be injected into the refuse by means of water pump, and the water is mixed with microbial bacteria. Meanwhile, gases such as carbon dioxide in the garbage are pumped out, the temperature and humidity of the stably treated landfill garbage and garbage gases are monitored, and microbial fermentation in the garbage is promoted, so that the degradation of organic matters is accelerated, the generation of toxic and harmful substances is reduced, the garbage reaches a stable state in a short period, the degradation of 95% of garbage organic matters is realized, and the general time is 3 months. And (3) constructing a garbage treatment plant while performing stability treatment, wherein the construction time is generally 6-8 months, the treatment scale is calculated by digging all the landfill garbage in 5 years and adding the sum of newly generated household garbage which needs to be treated currently.

After the landfill is processed through earlier stage stabilization technique, excavate out the landfill with the excavator, will dig out rubbish by the haulage vehicle and send to the drying chamber, the drying chamber bottom ventilates, burns burning furnace tail gas and gets into from the bottom, takes out from the top, for making tail gas not the air leakage in the drying chamber, the drying chamber should be airtight to establish 2 drying chambers, 1 is dried wherein, 1 feeding ejection of compact in addition, 2 rooms use in turn. The garbage is separated according to the particle size after being dried, fine-particle residue soil enters a fermentation bin, microbial bacteria are added into the fermentation bin to enable all organic matters to be thoroughly decomposed to form odorless nutrient soil, the nutrient soil is dried again in a dryer and can be packaged for sale, and the heat source of the dryer is obtained by heat exchange of tail gas generated by burning the garbage. The screened large substances enter a temporary storage area of a garbage disposal plant and are disposed along with newly generated household garbage.

The new household garbage recovered by the special collecting and transporting vehicle is poured into a temporary storage room, the household garbage is mechanically sorted, and the feeding belt conveyor is sent to a rough sorting machine. The coarse separator separates the garbage into small materials (mostly organic matters) and large materials (plastics, stones, fabrics, rubber shoes and the like). The undersize material is magnetically separated to separate iron articles (beer bottle cap, coin, screw, battery, etc.) from the undersize material, and the remainder is decomposable garbage which is a fertilizer-making raw material. The iron matter in the oversize material can be separated out by magnetic separation of the large material (mainly iron beverage can and iron packaging can), the oversize material after magnetic separation is sent into a comprehensive winnowing machine by a belt conveyor for winnowing treatment, the light material in the oversize material can be separated out by the comprehensive winnowing machine, mainly plastic film, heavy material (brick and tile stone, ceramic chip, glass chip and the like) in the oversize material is separated out, and the rest material is a mixture (mainly containing hard plastic, textile, rubber shoes, rubber products, wet paper products, aluminum-plastic composite packaging bags and the like). Iron materials are sold to a waste purchasing station after harmless treatment, and light materials (mainly plastic films) are compressed and packaged for sale; the heavy inorganic substances (such as bricks, tiles, glass sheets and the like) and the slag are crushed together and added with additives to prepare bricks; the mixture is mainly combustible and is dried by a dryer which supplies heat by a heat exchanger, the dried mixture is used as fuel in an incinerator, the working temperature of a secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator is 900-1000 ℃, so that dioxin generated by combustion is completely decomposed, the temperature of the generated flue tail gas is reduced to 200-300 ℃ by the heat exchanger, the dioxin is effectively prevented from being synthesized again, and the heat energy acquired by the heat exchanger provides a heat source for the whole system; the flue gas after cooling is removed the large granule thing in the flue gas through cyclone, send to the drying chamber bottom, and the gas of taking out from the drying chamber top is got rid of the foul smell behind the sack cleaner little particulate matter in the flue gas of getting rid of, gets rid of the peculiar smell, gets rid of the material such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide in the flue gas by the desulfurizing tower and discharges up to standard again, and the desulfurizing tower comprises second grade alkali lye washing and tertiary packing layer, is driven by the high-pressure draught fan. The slag and the heavy inorganic substances are used for making bricks together.

The decomposable garbage is a raw material for manufacturing organic fertilizer, and is subjected to high-temperature aerobic fermentation in a biochemical bin to fully decompose organic matters into organic matters; in the fermentation process, air can be supplied by an air blower forcibly, the air source is waste gas for drying the mixture, the waste gas treatment is realized, sufficient oxygen supply is provided for aerobic fermentation, water content needs to be allocated for fermentation, water needs to be allocated additionally, and the water source needs to be allocated for temporarily storing garbage percolate. The corrodible organic matter is biologically decomposed and becomes organic matter with good stability and capable of being absorbed by plants. The biochemical bin is provided with waste gas purification treatment equipment, and the purified waste gas reaches the standard and is discharged. The decomposed material is processed by crushing, sieving and magnetic separation to remove metal substances and other impurities in the decomposed material, and then is made into organic fine powder by a mill. Adding inorganic fertilizer and biological bacteria into the organic fine powder, mixing and granulating to prepare granular high-efficiency compound fertilizer, and packaging to sell the compound fertilizer as a product.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and features of the present invention, together with the advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A method for treating a domestic garbage landfill and domestic garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) firstly, carrying out on-site survey on a landfill site, and determining the specific position of a newly-built garbage disposal plant in an unfilled domestic garbage area, if the total planar arrangement of the newly-built garbage disposal plant needs to partially occupy a filled area, clearing the filled area and then leveling a plant construction site; partitioning the filled area according to the time sequence of planned excavation of the garbage, determining that the recently excavated land should be subjected to stability treatment, and stabilizing biological reaction before excavation operation by adopting an oxygen delivery and air extraction treatment technology of a garbage landfill; the oxygen delivery and air extraction technology is that fresh air is pressurized and then injected into the deep part of the garbage by a pipeline, the water content of the landfill garbage is reasonably adjusted according to the biochemical reaction requirement, water is injected by a water pump for adjusting water, and microorganism bacteria are added into the water; simultaneously, pumping out carbon dioxide gas in the garbage, and monitoring the temperature and humidity of the stably treated landfill garbage and garbage gas;

(4) pouring the new household garbage recycled by the special collecting and transporting vehicle into a temporary storage room, mechanically sorting the household garbage, and feeding the household garbage into a rough sorting machine by a feeding belt conveyor; the coarse separator divides the garbage into small materials and large materials; magnetically separating undersize materials of the small materials to separate iron materials in the undersize materials, wherein the remainder is decomposable garbage which is a fertilizer preparation raw material; the large materials are magnetically separated to separate iron substances from oversize materials, the magnetically separated oversize materials are conveyed to a comprehensive winnowing machine by a belt conveyor to be winnowed, the comprehensive winnowing machine can separate light materials from the oversize materials, mainly plastic films separate heavy inorganic substances from the oversize materials, and the rest materials are mixtures; iron substances are subjected to harmless treatment and then used for other purposes, and light materials are compressed and used for other purposes; the heavy inorganic matter and the slag are crushed together and added with the additive to be made into bricks; the mixture is mainly combustible and is dried by a dryer which supplies heat by a heat exchanger, the dried mixture is used as fuel in an incinerator, the working temperature of a secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator is 900-1000 ℃, so that dioxin generated by combustion is completely decomposed, the generated flue gas is cooled to 200-300 ℃ by the heat exchanger, the dioxin is effectively prevented from being synthesized again, and the heat energy acquired by the heat exchanger provides a heat source for the whole system; the flue gas after cooling is subjected to cyclone dust collector to remove large particles in the flue gas, the flue gas is sent to the bottom of a drying chamber, the gas extracted from the top of the drying chamber is subjected to bag-type dust collector to remove small particles in the flue gas, the odor and the peculiar smell are removed, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride and carbon monoxide in the flue gas are removed by a desulfurizing tower and then are discharged after reaching the standard, the desulfurizing tower is washed by secondary alkali liquor and comprises a tertiary packing layer and is driven by a high-pressure draught fan; making bricks by using the slag and the heavy inorganic matters together;