CN109816369A - Peak period taxi valuation method - Google Patents
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- CN109816369A CN109816369A CN201811545859.5A CN201811545859A CN109816369A CN 109816369 A CN109816369 A CN 109816369A CN 201811545859 A CN201811545859 A CN 201811545859A CN 109816369 A CN109816369 A CN 109816369A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of peak period taxi valuation method, comprising: obtains the operation cost and year net income that taximan is annual in setting regions, determines driver's active balance of payments；Taxi driver peak peace peak period marginal cost, average unit cost data in setting regions are obtained, determines peak period peace peak period rate；According to flat peak period speed cumulative frequency distribution curve, 15% speed has been chosen to be speed of returning the vehicle to the garage and knock off, has been determined between the time receiving；According to peak peace peak medial rate, average range ability and average charged duration, suitable charge interval time is chosen, acquires and runs at a low speed rate；It is valuated according to the flat peak period and scheme and runs at a low speed rate and determine final valuation scheme.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to taxi supply and demand adjusting method fields, further to a kind of peak period taxi valuation
Method.
Background technique
Continuous with China's economy is flourished, and our people's living standard is significantly improved, and urban passenger is hired out
Effect of the automobile in urban transportation also gradually increases.Taxi can be convenient masses' trip, expand social employment, promote city
The features such as city's economic development, route is flexible, accessibility is high, secret and service are wide, increases its demand in city increasingly
Add.However, in the case of urban transportation peak period or adverse weather, taxi-driver is unwilling vehicle out, reason packet
Traffic congestion, large labor intensity etc. are included, is caused originally more nervous with regard to unbalance taxi relation between supply and demand.How scientifically and rationally
Setting runs at a low speed expense, is very necessary and urgent to taxi relation between supply and demand is adjusted.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of peak period taxi valuation methods, at least partly
Solve above-mentioned technical problem.
The present invention provides a kind of peak period taxi valuation method, comprising: obtains taxi driver in setting regions
Peak peace peak period marginal cost, average unit cost data, determine peak period peace peak period rate；According to flat peak period speed
Cumulative frequency distribution curve is spent, 15% speed has been chosen to be speed of returning the vehicle to the garage and knock off, has been determined between the time receiving；Averagely taken according to peak period
Rate, flat peak period medial rate, average range ability and average charged duration are chosen suitable charge interval time, are acquired low
Speed traveling rate；It is valuated according to the flat peak period and scheme and runs at a low speed rate and determine final valuation scheme.
In a further embodiment, it obtains the annual operation cost of taximan and year net income is determined and driven
Member's active balance of payments, comprising:
The annual operation cost C of taximany, driver year net income is Ry, determine that driver's active balance of payments is
In a further embodiment, obtain setting regions in taxi driver peak peace peak period marginal cost,
Average unit cost data determine peak time peace peak period rate, comprising:
Obtain peak time demand function QG(pG), flat peak period demand function QF(pF), peak time marginal cost MCG、
Flat peak period marginal cost MCF, peak time average unit cost ACGPeaceful peak period average unit cost ACFRelationship, meet
With
It sets up, simultaneous solution obtains peak time rate pG, flat peak period rate pF；Wherein εGFor peak time demand valence
Lattice elasticity, εFFor the flat peak period price elasticity of demand.
In a further embodiment, it obtains the every list of taxi be averaged range ability, according to the determination of flat peak period rate
The average every single charge of flat peak period, comprising:
Every list is obtained to be averaged range abilityPeaceful peak period rate pF, obtain the average every single charge of flat peak period
In a further embodiment, it is averaged range ability and fortune according to the average every single charge of flat peak period, every list
Valence model lists the scheme met the requirements with enumerative technique, comprising:
It enablesAccording to freight rate model to starting fare P0, mileage valence P, starting mileage S0Limitation,
P is determined with enumerative technique0、P、S0Value, by comparison find out suitable pricing scheme.
In a further embodiment, flat peak period speed cumulative frequency distribution curve is obtained, 15% speed is chosen
It is set as running at a low speed Fei Qishou speed, while having determined between the time receiving, comprising:
In flat peak period speed cumulative frequency distribution curve, chooses 15% speed and be set as running at a low speed Fei Qishou speed
(in 15% speed of field of traffic commonly used in seeking speed limit lower bound), thus run at a low speed taken the time receiving between t0At leastWhereinFor average every single carrying running time of flat peak period.
In a further embodiment, it is described run at a low speed taken the time receiving between refer to taxi in every single driving process
It is more than t lower than the cumulative time for receiving speed is acted0When start to collect the expense of running at a low speed, t0Minimum value
In a further embodiment, peak period speed cumulative frequency distribution curve is obtained, is received according to determining rising
Speed finds peak period corresponding cumulative frequency, determines the average charged duration of the expense of running at a low speed, comprising:
Fei Qishou speed will be run at a low speed and bring peak period speed cumulative frequency distribution curve into, acquire its cumulative frequency δ,
Determine that the average charged duration of the expense of running at a low speed isWhereinFor peak period average every single carrying running time.
In a further embodiment, according to peak, flat peak medial rate, average range ability and when averagely charging
It is long, suitable charge interval time is chosen, rate μ is run at a low speed and acquires as the following formula:
By P0、P、S0, μ and Δ t bring following formula into and obtain final valuation scheme:
Wherein: the interval time for running at a low speed time-consuming meter skip list is collected in Δ t expression；S indicates the every single carrying of taxi
Mileage travelled.
The invention patent provides a kind of peak period taxi valuation method, and this method is low by setting taxi
Speed traveling rate increases the supply of taxi, this method to improve the taxi-driver enthusiasm of rush hour
Taxi-driver and the reasonable equity of passenger are considered simultaneously, can calculate and reasonably run at a low speed rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that three kinds of feasible programs and current programme compare in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is peace peak period speed cumulative frequency distribution curve in peak in embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Basic conception according to the present invention provides a kind of peak period taxi valuation method.
Driver's active balance of payments is determined by obtaining taximan annual operation cost and year net income；Acquisition is set
Determine taxi driver peak peace peak period marginal cost, average unit cost data in region, determines the peak period peace peak period
Rate；It obtains the every list of taxi be averaged range ability, determines that the flat peak period average every single charges according to flat peak period rate；According to
The average every single charge of flat peak period, every list are averaged range ability and freight rate model, and the scheme met the requirements is listed with enumerative technique；
Flat peak period speed cumulative frequency distribution curve is obtained, 15% speed is chosen and is set as running at a low speed Fei Qishou speed, while really
Surely it rises between the time receiving；Peak period speed cumulative frequency distribution curve is obtained, speed is received according to determining rising, finds peak period pair
The cumulative frequency answered determines the average charged duration of the expense of running at a low speed；According to peak, flat peak medial rate, average range ability and
Average charged duration, chooses suitable charge interval time, and determination runs at a low speed rate；It is valuated scheme and low according to the flat peak period
Speed traveling rate determines final valuation scheme.
This method runs at a low speed rate by the way that taxi is arranged, to improve the taxi-driver product of rush hour
Polarity increases the supply of taxi, stimulates flat peak period taxi demand, and this method considers taxi simultaneously and drives
The reasonable equity of the person of sailing and passenger can calculate and reasonably run at a low speed rate.
Method in the embodiment of the present invention will use following basic assumption: (1) existing taxi indifference in the market；
(2) taxi is evenly distributed in operational area, and with the formula of the cruising service of attracting customers；(3) running at a low speed between having taken the time receiving is basis
What the flat peak period was chosen, therefore assume that the flat peak period will not generate the expense of running at a low speed；(4) the formulation standard of demobilization expense is not considered.
The basic symbol of the embodiment of the present invention illustrates:
The expense that F- freight rate, i.e. every passenger's single trip need；Average taxi operating range (km) per hour of Q-；W-
The active balance of payments of driver；P0Starting fare, the i.e. expense of the minimum payment of every passenger；S0Starting mileage；Mono- mileage valence of P, that is, go out
Renting running car is more than every kilometer of expense for needing to pay after starting mileage；t0It runs at a low speed between having taken the time receiving；In S- traveling
The mileage of journey, i.e. every passenger's single trip；The mileage of t- running time, i.e. every passenger's single trip；Δ t- collects low speed
Travel the interval time of time-consuming meter skip list；μ-runs at a low speed rate；QGThe peak period average traveling of taxi per hour away from
From；QFAverage taxi operating range per hour of flat peak period；P- base rate；ρFFlat peak period rate；pGPeak time
Rate；kGPeak period cabin factor；kFFlat peak period cabin factor；Average every single carrying running time of flat peak period；-
Peak period average every single carrying running time；Single carrying is averaged range ability；Δ t-, which is collected, runs at a low speed time-consuming valuation
The interval time of device skip list；The every single carrying mileage travelled of S- taxi.
The method of determination of taxi-driver active balance of payments
The annual operation cost C of taximanyThe rate collected including taxi company, maintenance cost, inspection fare,
Insurance premium and other incidentals.If driver year net income is Ry, therefore driver's active balance of payments is set to
Taximan's operation cost
Statistical data is travelled according to existing taxi, fits peak time marginal cost MCG, flat peak period marginal cost
MCF, peak time average unit cost ACGPeaceful peak period average unit cost ACF.Unlike bus marginal cost, towards private
The taxi marginal cost of people is incremental；Increase fuel consumption and vehicle mill due to vehicle idling etc. when running at a low speed
Damage, therefore period cost is slightly higher when peak time cost is than flat peak.
Rate
Rate reflection is that average minimum charge is horizontal, and single carrying under normal circumstances is averaged range abilityMeetIn the flat peak period, the expression formula of rate is
In peak period, the expression formula of rate is
Taxi demand function
According to basic Principles of Economics, volume of the flow of passengers V and admission fee P meet V=bPε, b is coefficient, and ε is the price elasticity of demand.
Setting out the every passenger that the hires a car range ability that is averaged is(average range ability generally immobilizes, and is set as constant), goes out per hour
Operating range of hiring a car is Q, and taxi rate is k per hour, then the taxi bicycle unit hour volume of the flow of passengers isTherefore, taxi demand function may be expressed as:
Q (p)=apε (3)
Logarithm is taken to obtain on above formula both sides:
Ln Q=ln a+ ε lnp (4)
Therefore another expression way of taxi demand are as follows:
Q=exp (ln a+ ε lnp) (5)
Ramsay index
Enterprise with natural monopoly property can determine certain profit level within the scope of authority, and Ramsay proposes same
A kind of means of transportation provides two kinds of A, B services, then the price of A, B should meet following relationship:
In formula:
PA、MCA、εAPrice, marginal cost, the price elasticity of-A class transportation service
PB、MCB、εBPrice, marginal cost, the price elasticity of-B class transportation service
R- Ramsay index
Basic conception according to the present invention, freight rate charging model are as follows:
s.t.6≤P0≤ 13, P0∈Z
2≤S0≤ 4, S0∈Z
1.4≤P≤2.7
The technical solution that the present invention takes in order to solve the above problem can be with are as follows:
Step 1: the active balance of payments W of driver is determined；
Step 2: according to peak time demand function QG(pG), flat peak period demand function QF(pF), peak time limit
Cost MCG, flat peak period marginal cost MCF, peak time average unit cost ACGPeaceful peak period average unit cost ACFRelationship, it is full
Foot (6) formula and following formula are set up:
Simultaneous solution obtains pG、pF；
Step 3: it is averaged range ability according to every listPeaceful peak period rate pF, obtain average every single receipts of flat peak period
Take
Step 4: it enablesAccording to freight rate model to P0、P、S0Limitation, with enumerative technique determine
P0、P、S0Value, by comparison find out suitable pricing scheme.
Step 5: it in flat peak period speed cumulative frequency distribution curve, chooses 15% speed and is set as running at a low speed expense
Rise and receive speed (in 15% speed of field of traffic commonly used in seeking speed limit lower bound), thus run at a low speed taken the time receiving between t0At leastIt is described herein run at a low speed taken the time receiving between refer to that taxi be lower than receipts speed in every single driving process
Cumulative time starts to collect the expense of running at a low speed, t when being more than t00Minimum value
Step 6: will run at a low speed Fei Qishou speed and bring peak period speed cumulative frequency distribution curve into, and it is tired to acquire it
Frequency δ is counted, therefore runs at a low speed the average charged duration of expense and isWhereinFor peak period average every single carrying traveling
Time；
Step 7: calculating runs at a low speed rateΔ t can be selected according to the actual situation, general feelings
Δ t is smaller more advantageous to driver under condition.
Step 8: by P0、P、S0, μ and Δ t bring following formula into and obtain final valuation scheme:
To further illustrate embodiment of the present invention, specific embodiment will be enumerated below and will be described in detail, but ability
Field technique personnel will be appreciated that following description details is used only for understanding the present invention, but should not be understood as to of the invention
It limits:
Embodiment 1:
By taking certain Chinese city as an example, the annual average unit cost of taximan is 12.25 ten thousand yuan, and annual income is 4.9 ten thousand yuan average,
Therefore the active balance of payments of taximan is set to W=40%.
In normal operation, approximation meets following logarithmic function and (ignores friendship the average passenger demand model of two kinds of periods respectively
Fork elasticity):
Peak period lnQG=3.4-0.4lnp price elasticity εG=-0.4
Flat peak period lnQF=4.2-0.8lnp price elasticity εF=-0.8
When normal operation, transportation cost are as follows:
Marginal cost MCG=0.77+0.056QG MCF=0.77+0.031QF
Average unit cost ACG=0.74+0.035QG ACF=0.74+0.011QF
Certain city's peak period average occupancy rate is kG=83%, flat peak period average occupancy rate is kF=61%, it enablesMeet simultaneouslyRelated data is brought into, p is acquiredG=2.72, pF=2.27.
The every list in certain city is averaged range abilityTherefore average every single charge of flat peak period
It enablesAccording to freight rate model to P0、P、S0Limitation, determine P with enumerative technique0、P、S0's
Value, scheme such as table 1.
Table 1
It chooses 6 three kinds of representational scheme 1, scheme 5, scheme schemes to be analyzed, attached drawing 1 is three kinds of schemes and existing
The freight rate figure of scheme comparison.
1 short distance price of scheme is low and long range price is high, therefore is suitble to encourage short distance trip；
5 short distance price of scheme is high and long range price is low, therefore is suitble to encourage to go on a journey over long distances；
6 price of scheme is moderate more slightly lower than current programme, therefore once discusses by scheme 6.
Attached drawing 2 is peak peace peak period speed cumulative frequency curve, and 15% vehicle is chosen on the curve of flat peak period
Speed, speed is 13.64km/h at this time, sets this speed to run at a low speed Fei Qishou speed.It is found on the curve of peak period
The corresponding cumulative frequency of the speed, cumulative frequency is δ=3232% at this time.
Certain city flat peak period every single carrying timePeak period average every single carrying timeTherefore between running at a low speed and having taken the time receivingRun at a low speed expense averagely charge when
It is a length ofΔ t=1min is enabled, to obtain running at a low speed rate
Therefore a kind of scheme that can be formulated according to rate is run at a low speed are as follows: every list overall trip speed is accumulative lower than 13.6km/h more than two minutes
When receive 1 yuan, often have reached later 1 minute and collect 0.5 yuan.
By P0、P、S0, μ and Δ t bring following formula into and obtain final valuation scheme:
Particular embodiments described above has carried out further in detail the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
Describe in detail bright, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in protection of the invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of peak period taxi valuation method, characterized by comprising:
The operation cost and year net income that taximan is annual in setting regions are obtained, determines driver's active balance of payments；
Taxi driver peak peace peak period marginal cost, average unit cost data in setting regions are obtained, determines peak period
Peaceful peak period rate；
It obtains the every list of taxi be averaged range ability, determines that the flat peak period average every single charges according to flat peak period rate；
Be averaged range ability and freight rate model according to the average every single charge of flat peak period, every list, determine the flat peak met the requirements
Period toll project；
Flat peak period speed cumulative frequency distribution curve is obtained, 15% speed is chosen and is set as running at a low speed Fei Qishou speed, together
When determined between the time receiving；
Peak period speed cumulative frequency distribution curve is obtained, speed is received according to determining rising, it is corresponding tired to find peak period
Product frequency determines the average charged duration of the expense of running at a low speed；
According to peak period, flat peak period medial rate, average range ability and average charged duration, when determining charge interval
Between, determination runs at a low speed rate；
It is valuated according to the flat peak period and scheme and runs at a low speed rate and obtain final valuation scheme.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining taximan annual operation cost and Nian Jing
Income, determines driver's active balance of payments, comprising:
Obtain the annual operation cost C of taximany, driver year net income is Ry, determine that driver's active balance of payments is
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein when obtaining taxi driver peak peace peak in setting regions
Section marginal cost, average unit cost data, determine peak period peace peak period rate, comprising:
Obtain peak time demand function QG(pG), flat peak period demand function QF(pF), peak time marginal cost MCG, flat peak
Period marginal cost MCF, peak time average unit cost ACGPeaceful peak period average unit cost ACFRelationship, meet
With
It sets up, simultaneous solution obtains peak period rate pG, flat peak period rate pF；Wherein εGFor peak time demand price bullet
Property, εEFor the flat peak period price elasticity of demand.
4. the range ability the method according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition every list of taxi is averaged, according to flat peak
Period rate determines the average every single charge of flat peak period, comprising:
Every list is obtained to be averaged range abilityPeaceful peak period rate pF, obtain the average every single charge of flat peak period
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein averagely being transported according to the average every single charge of flat peak period, every list
Row distance and freight rate model, list the scheme met the requirements, comprising:
It enablesAccording to freight rate model to starting fare P0, mileage valence P, starting mileage S0Limitation, with piece
Act method determines P0、P、S0Value, by comparison find out suitable pricing scheme.
6. being selected the method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining flat peak period speed cumulative frequency distribution curve
It takes 15% speed to be set as running at a low speed Fei Qishou speed, while having determined between the time receiving, comprising:
In flat peak period speed cumulative frequency distribution curve, choose 15% speed be set as running at a low speed Fei Qishou speed (
15% speed of field of traffic is commonly used in seeking speed limit lower bound), correspondingly, run at a low speed t between having taken the time receiving0At leastWhereinFor average every single carrying running time of flat peak period.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is described run at a low speed taken the time receiving between refer to taxi in every single driving process
In be lower than receive speed cumulative time be more than t0When start to collect the expense of running at a low speed, t0Minimum value
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining peak period speed cumulative frequency distribution curve, root
Speed is received according to determining rising, finds peak period corresponding cumulative frequency, determines the average charged duration of the expense of running at a low speed, comprising:
Fei Qishou speed will be run at a low speed and bring peak period speed cumulative frequency distribution curve into, acquire its cumulative frequency δ, determined
Running at a low speed the average charged duration of expense isWhereinFor peak period average every single carrying running time.
9. the method according to claim 1, wherein according to peak, flat peak medial rate, average range ability and
Average charged duration chooses suitable charge interval time, runs at a low speed rate μ and acquire as the following formula:
10. the method according to claim 1, wherein according to valuation scheme of flat peak period and running at a low speed rate
Obtain final valuation scheme, comprising:
By P0、P、S0, μ and Δ t bring following formula into and obtain final valuation scheme:
Wherein: the interval time for running at a low speed time-consuming meter skip list is collected in Δ t expression；S indicates the every single carrying traveling of taxi
Mileage.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110782245A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-02-11 | 上海钧正网络科技有限公司 | Expense acquisition method, expense acquisition device, terminal and readable storage medium |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110782245A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-02-11 | 上海钧正网络科技有限公司 | Expense acquisition method, expense acquisition device, terminal and readable storage medium |
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