CN109812550B - Eight-gear gearbox for bulldozer - Google Patents
Eight-gear gearbox for bulldozer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an eight-gear gearbox for a bulldozer, which comprises an input shaft, an output shaft and five single planetary rows, wherein the five single planetary rows are respectively a first planetary row, a second planetary row, a third planetary row, a fourth planetary row and a fifth planetary row, the input shaft is connected with the first planetary row, the second planetary row and the third planetary row, the output shaft is connected with the fourth planetary row and the fifth planetary row, six clutches are arranged on the five planetary rows, and switching of different gears can be realized through simultaneous meshing of different clutches. The gearbox for the bulldozer provided by the invention realizes the gear shifting functions of forward four gears and backward four gears through five planet rows, has fewer parts, is simple to manufacture and install, and has a small structural size, and single planet row is used for all the parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gearboxes, in particular to an eight-gear gearbox for a bulldozer.
Background
The existing gearbox is divided into a manual gear shifting gearbox and a power gear shifting gearbox, and the low-gear engine power cannot be sufficiently exerted after the engineering machinery adopts manual gear shifting, and the high-gear machine is difficult to start, so the engineering machinery widely adopts the power gear shifting gearbox. And a plurality of planet rows are arranged in the planetary power gear shifting gearbox, so that the planetary power gear shifting gearbox has the advantages of balanced stress of parts, small structural size, high rigidity and the like, and is widely used in engineering machinery. In order to meet the requirements of different working conditions and improve the driving comfort and the fuel economy, the gearbox of the bulldozer generally needs 6-8 gears.
However, the existing planetary gearbox for bulldozer generally adopts 5 or more planetary rows to only realize the requirement of 6 gears, for example, CN105351462A is a gearbox which can only realize 6-gear speed change, and also patent CN203348495U and patent CN205618616U are gearboxes which can only realize few-gear speed change and have a large number of parts.
Still other transmissions use double planetary rows, such as the second planetary row and the fourth planetary row in patent CN205618616U, which is complicated in structure.
In other schemes, in order to facilitate the leading-out of the shaft, a hollow nesting structure exists in the central shaft, for example, a three-layer nesting structure exists in the central shaft of the first planet row in patent CN102221076A, which results in a relatively complex central shaft structure, a large manufacturing and installation difficulty, and a relatively large overall size of the mechanism.
A new multi-speed, relatively few parts transmission is needed for use with a bulldozer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an eight-gear gearbox for a bulldozer, which has a simple structure, uses less parts under the condition of meeting the requirement of multiple gears, reduces the structural complexity, ensures simple manufacturing and installation and reduces the size of the gearbox.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the eight-gear gearbox for the bulldozer comprises an input shaft, a first planet row, a second planet row, a third planet row, a fourth planet row, a fifth planet row and an output shaft;
the first planet row comprises a first sun gear, a first gear ring, a first planet carrier and a first planet gear, the first planet gear is arranged on the first planet carrier and is respectively meshed with the first sun gear and the first gear ring, the input shaft is fixedly connected with the first planet carrier, and a first clutch is arranged outside the first gear ring;
the second planet row comprises a second sun gear, a second gear ring, a second planet carrier and a second planet gear, the second planet gear is arranged on the second planet carrier, one end of the second planet carrier is fixedly connected with one end of the first gear ring, the second planet gear is respectively meshed with the second sun gear and the second gear ring, and a second clutch is arranged outside the second gear ring;
the third planet row comprises a third sun gear, a third gear ring, a third planet carrier and a third planet gear, the third planet gear is arranged on the third planet carrier, a fourth clutch is arranged between one end of the third planet carrier and the second planet carrier, the third planet gear is respectively meshed with the third sun gear and the third gear ring, and a third clutch is arranged outside the third gear ring;
the fourth planet row comprises a fourth sun gear, a fourth gear ring, a fourth planet carrier and a fourth planet wheel, the fourth planet wheel is arranged on the fourth planet carrier, one end of the fourth sun gear is connected with the other end of the third planet carrier, the fourth planet wheel is respectively meshed with the fourth sun gear and the fourth gear ring, and one end of the fourth planet carrier is provided with a fifth clutch;
the fifth planet row comprises a fifth sun gear, a fifth gear ring, a fifth planet carrier and a fifth planet gear, one end of the fifth planet carrier is connected with the fourth gear ring, the fifth planet gear is arranged on the fifth planet carrier and is respectively meshed with the fifth sun gear and the fifth gear ring, the fifth sun gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with the fourth sun gear, and a sixth clutch, the fifth planet carrier and an output shaft are fixedly connected to the outside of the fifth gear ring.
The first sun gear, the second sun gear and the third sun gear are coaxially and fixedly connected.
The first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch, the fifth clutch and the sixth clutch are wet multi-plate clutches.
When the second clutch is engaged, the second gear ring is fixed, meanwhile, the fourth clutch is engaged, the second planet carrier and the third planet carrier are connected into a whole, and the sixth clutch is engaged to fix the fifth gear ring, so that the gearbox realizes the first forward gear;
when the third clutch is engaged, the third gear ring is fixed, meanwhile, the fourth clutch is engaged, the second planet carrier and the third planet carrier are connected into a whole, and the sixth clutch is engaged to fix the fifth gear ring, so that the gearbox realizes the two forward gears;
when the second clutch, the third clutch and the sixth clutch are simultaneously engaged, the second gear ring, the third gear ring and the fifth gear ring are respectively fixed, and at the moment, the gearbox realizes a forward third gear;
when the first clutch, the third clutch and the sixth clutch are simultaneously engaged, the first gear ring, the third gear ring and the fifth gear ring are respectively fixed, and at the moment, the forward fourth gear is realized by the gearbox;
when the second clutch is engaged, the second ring gear is fixed, meanwhile, the fourth clutch is engaged, the second planet carrier and the third planet carrier are connected into a whole, and the fifth clutch is engaged, the fourth planet carrier is fixed, and at the moment, the transmission box realizes the reverse first gear;
when the third clutch is engaged, the third gear ring is fixed, meanwhile, the fourth clutch is engaged, the second planet carrier and the third planet carrier are connected into a whole, and the fifth clutch is engaged to fix the fourth planet carrier, so that the gearbox realizes reverse two-gear;
when the second clutch, the third clutch and the fifth clutch are simultaneously engaged, the second gear ring, the third gear ring and the fourth planet carrier are respectively fixed, and the gearbox realizes a reverse third gear at the moment;
when the first clutch, the third clutch and the fifth clutch are simultaneously engaged, the first gear ring, the third gear ring and the fourth planet carrier are fixed respectively, and at the moment, the gearbox realizes a reverse fourth gear.
Further:
the transmission ratio range of the forward first gear is 4.63-9.55;
the transmission ratio range of the forward second gear is 3.30-6.71;
the transmission ratio range of the forward third gear is 2.31-4.77;
the transmission ratio range of the forward four gears is 1.33-2.84
The transmission ratio range of the reverse first gear is-2.78 to-7.64;
the transmission ratio range of the backward second gear is-1.98 to-5.36;
the transmission ratio range of the reverse third gear is-1.39 to-3.82;
the transmission ratio range of the reverse fourth gear is-0.80 to-2.27.
Has the advantages that: the invention relates to an eight-gear gearbox for a bulldozer, which comprises 5 single planetary rows and 6 clutches arranged on the planetary rows, can realize 4 forward gears and 4 backward gears, utilizes fewer planetary rows to realize the speed change requirement of multiple gears, does not use double planetary rows, does not have hollow shaft nesting, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in manufacturing and installation and small mechanism size.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. an input shaft; 2. an output shaft; 3. a first planet row; 31. a first sun gear; 32. a first ring gear; 33. a first carrier; 34. a first planet gear; 4. a second planet row; 41. a second sun gear; 42. a second ring gear; 43. a second planet carrier; 44. a second planet wheel; 5. a third planet row; 51. a third sun gear; 52. a third ring gear; 53. a third carrier; 54. a third planet gear; 6. a fourth planet row; 61. a fourth sun gear; 62. a fourth ring gear; 63. a fourth planet carrier; 64. a fourth planet gear; 7. a fifth planet row; 71. a fifth sun gear; 72. a fifth ring gear; 73. a fifth planet carrier; 74. a fifth planetary gear; 8. a first clutch; 9. a second clutch; 10. a third clutch; 11. a fourth clutch; 12. a fifth clutch; 13. and a sixth clutch.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention relates to an eight-speed transmission for a bulldozer, which is characterized by comprising an input shaft 1, a first planetary row 3, a second planetary row 4, a third planetary row 5, a fourth planetary row 6, a fifth planetary row 7, and an output shaft 2;
the first planet row 3 comprises a first sun gear 31, a first gear ring 32, a first planet carrier 33 and a first planet gear 34, the first planet gear 34 is arranged on the first planet carrier 33 and is respectively meshed with the first sun gear 31 and the first gear ring 32, the input shaft 1 is fixedly connected with the first planet carrier 33, and a first clutch 8 is arranged outside the first gear ring 32;
the second planet row 4 comprises a second sun gear 41, a second ring gear 42, a second planet carrier 43 and second planet gears 44, the second planet gears 44 are arranged on the second planet carrier 43, one end of the second planet carrier 43 is fixedly connected with one end of the first ring gear 32, the second planet gears 44 are respectively meshed with the second sun gear 41 and the second ring gear 42, and a second clutch 9 is arranged outside the second ring gear 42;
the third planet row 5 comprises a third sun gear 51, a third ring gear 52, a third planet carrier 53 and a third planet gear 54, the third planet gear 54 is arranged on the third planet carrier 53, a fourth clutch 11 is arranged between one end of the third planet carrier 53 and the second planet carrier 43, the third planet gear 54 is respectively meshed with the third sun gear 51 and the third ring gear 52, and a third clutch 10 is arranged outside the third ring gear 52;
the fourth planet row 6 comprises a fourth sun gear 61, a fourth gear ring 62, a fourth planet carrier 63 and a fourth planet gear 64, the fourth planet gear 64 is arranged on the fourth planet carrier 63, one end of the fourth sun gear 61 is connected with the other end of the third planet carrier 53, the fourth planet gear 64 is respectively meshed with the fourth sun gear 61 and the fourth gear ring 62, and one end of the fourth planet carrier 63 is provided with a fifth clutch 12;
the fifth planet row 7 comprises a fifth sun gear 71, a fifth ring gear 72, a fifth planet carrier 73 and a fifth planet gear 74, one end of the fifth planet carrier 73 is connected with the fourth ring gear 62, the fifth planet gear 74 is arranged on the fifth planet carrier 73 and is respectively meshed with the fifth sun gear 71 and the fifth ring gear 72, the fifth sun gear 71 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the fourth sun gear 61, a sixth clutch 13 is arranged outside the fifth ring gear 72, and the fifth planet carrier 73 is fixedly connected with the output shaft 2;
the first sun gear 31, the second sun gear 41 and the third sun gear 51 are coaxially and fixedly connected.
The first clutch 8, the second clutch 9, the third clutch 10, the fourth clutch 11, the fifth clutch 12 and the sixth clutch 13 are wet multi-plate clutches.
The specific gear operating principle is as follows:
when the second clutch 9 is engaged, the second ring gear 42 is fixed, meanwhile, the fourth clutch 11 is engaged, the second planet carrier 43 and the third planet carrier 53 are connected into a whole, and the sixth clutch 13 is engaged, the fifth ring gear 72 is fixed, at this time, the gearbox realizes a forward first gear, and the transmission ratio range of the forward first gear is 4.63-9.55;
when the third clutch 10 is engaged, the third ring gear 52 is fixed, and simultaneously, the fourth clutch 11 is engaged, the second planet carrier 43 and the third planet carrier 53 are connected into a whole, and the sixth clutch 13 is engaged, the fifth ring gear 72 is fixed, so that the gearbox realizes the forward two-gear, and the transmission ratio range of the forward two-gear is 3.30-6.71;
when the second clutch 9, the third clutch 10 and the sixth clutch 13 are engaged simultaneously, the second gear ring 42, the third gear ring 52 and the fifth gear ring 72 are fixed respectively, at the moment, the gearbox realizes a forward third gear, and the transmission ratio range of the forward third gear is 2.31-4.77;
when the first clutch 8, the third clutch 10 and the sixth clutch 13 are engaged simultaneously, the first gear ring 32, the third gear ring 52 and the fifth gear ring 72 are fixed respectively, at this time, the transmission case realizes a forward fourth gear, and the transmission ratio range of the forward fourth gear is 1.33-2.84;
when the second clutch 9 is engaged, the second ring gear 42 is fixed, meanwhile, the fourth clutch 11 is engaged, the second planet carrier 43 and the third planet carrier 53 are connected into a whole, and the fifth clutch 12 is engaged, the fourth planet carrier 63 is fixed, so that the gearbox realizes the first reverse gear with the transmission ratio range of-2.78 to-7.64;
when the third clutch 10 is engaged, the third ring gear 52 is fixed, and simultaneously, the fourth clutch 11 is engaged, the second planet carrier 43 and the third planet carrier 53 are connected into a whole, and the fifth clutch 12 is engaged, the fourth planet carrier 63 is fixed, so that the gearbox realizes the reverse gear, and the transmission ratio range of the reverse gear is-1.98 to-5.36;
when the second clutch 9, the third clutch 10 and the fifth clutch 12 are engaged simultaneously, the second gear ring 42, the third gear ring 52 and the fourth planet carrier 63 are fixed respectively, at this time, the gearbox realizes a reverse third gear, and the transmission ratio range of the reverse third gear is-1.39-3.82;
when the first clutch 8, the third clutch 10 and the fifth clutch 12 are engaged simultaneously and the first gear ring 32, the third gear ring 52 and the fourth planet carrier 63 are fixed respectively, the gearbox realizes a reverse fourth gear, and the transmission ratio range of the reverse fourth gear is-0.80-2.27.
One of the transmission planetary row parameters provided by the present embodiment is shown in table 1.
Table 1 transmission planetary row parameters of this embodiment
The gear ratios of the transmission of the embodiment are obtained through calculation, and are shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2 Transmission ratio of each gear of the gearbox of the embodiment
| Gear position | Engaging clutch | Transmission ratio |
| Forward 1 gear | Second clutch, fourth clutch, sixth clutch | 7.683 |
| Forward 2 gear | Third clutch, fourth clutch, sixth clutch | 4.677 |
| Forward 3 gear | Second clutch, third clutch, sixth clutch | 3.778 |
| Forward 4 gear | First clutch, third clutch, sixth clutch | 2.908 |
| 1 st gear of backing | Second clutch, fourth clutch, fifth clutch | -6.594 |
| Reverse 2 gear | Third clutch, fourth clutch, fifth clutch | -4.014 |
| Reverse 3 gear | Second clutch, third clutch, fifth clutch | -3.242 |
| 4-gear backward movement | First clutch, third clutch, fifth clutch | -2.496 |
According to the planet row parameters and the transmission ratio, the use and production requirements of the bulldozer can be met.
The invention comprises 5 single planetary rows and 6 clutches arranged on the planetary rows, can realize 4 forward gears and 4 backward gears, realizes the speed change requirement of multiple gears by using fewer planetary rows, does not use double planetary rows, has no hollow shaft nesting, and has simple structure, convenient manufacture and installation and small mechanism size.
Claims (4)
1. An eight-gear gearbox for a bulldozer is characterized by comprising an input shaft (1), a first planet row (3), a second planet row (4), a third planet row (5), a fourth planet row (6), a fifth planet row (7) and an output shaft (2);
the first planet row (3) comprises a first sun gear (31), a first gear ring (32), a first planet carrier (33) and a first planet gear (34), the first planet gear (34) is arranged on the first planet carrier (33) and is respectively meshed with the first sun gear (31) and the first gear ring (32), the input shaft (1) is fixedly connected with the first planet carrier (33), and a first clutch (8) is arranged outside the first gear ring (32);
the second planet row (4) comprises a second sun gear (41), a second gear ring (42), a second planet carrier (43) and a second planet gear (44), the second planet gear (44) is arranged on the second planet carrier (43), one end of the second planet carrier (43) is fixedly connected with one end of the first gear ring (32), the second planet gear (44) is respectively meshed with the second sun gear (41) and the second gear ring (42), and a second clutch (9) is arranged outside the second gear ring (42);
the third planet row (5) comprises a third sun gear (51), a third gear ring (52), a third planet carrier (53) and a third planet gear (54), the third planet gear (54) is arranged on the third planet carrier (53), a fourth clutch (11) is arranged between one end of the third planet carrier (53) and the second planet carrier (43), the third planet gear (54) is respectively meshed with the third sun gear (51) and the third gear ring (52), and a third clutch (10) is arranged outside the third gear ring (52);
the fourth planet row (6) comprises a fourth sun gear (61), a fourth gear ring (62), a fourth planet carrier (63) and a fourth planet gear (64), the fourth planet gear (64) is arranged on the fourth planet carrier (63), one end of the fourth sun gear (61) is connected with the other end of the third planet carrier (53), the fourth planet gear (64) is respectively meshed with the fourth sun gear (61) and the fourth gear ring (62), and one end of the fourth planet carrier (63) is provided with a fifth clutch (12);
the fifth planet row (7) comprises a fifth sun gear (71), a fifth gear ring (72), a fifth planet carrier (73) and a fifth planet gear (74), one end of the fifth planet carrier (73) is connected with the fourth gear ring (62), the fifth planet gear (74) is arranged on the fifth planet carrier (73) and is respectively meshed with the fifth sun gear (71) and the fifth gear ring (72), the fifth sun gear (71) is coaxially and fixedly connected with the fourth sun gear (61), a sixth clutch (13) is arranged outside the fifth gear ring (72), and the fifth planet carrier (73) is fixedly connected with the output shaft (2);
the first sun gear (31), the second sun gear (41) and the third sun gear (51) are coaxially and fixedly connected.
2. The eight-speed gearbox for a bulldozer according to claim 1, characterised in that said first clutch (8), second clutch (9), third clutch (10), fourth clutch (11), fifth clutch (12) and sixth clutch (13) are all wet multiplate clutches.
3. The eight speed transmission for a bulldozer according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the second clutch (9) is engaged, the second ring gear (42) is fixed, meanwhile, the fourth clutch (11) is engaged, the second planet carrier (43) and the third planet carrier (53) are connected into a whole, and the sixth clutch (13) is engaged, the fifth ring gear (72) is fixed, and then the gearbox realizes the forward first gear;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
when the third clutch (10) is engaged, the third ring gear (52) is fixed, meanwhile, the fourth clutch (11) is engaged, the second planet carrier (43) and the third planet carrier (53) are connected into a whole, and the sixth clutch (13) is engaged, the fifth ring gear (72) is fixed, so that the gearbox realizes the forward gear;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
when the second clutch (9), the third clutch (10) and the sixth clutch (13) are simultaneously engaged, the second gear ring (42), the third gear ring (52) and the fifth gear ring (72) are fixed respectively, and the gearbox realizes a forward third gear;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
when the first clutch (8), the third clutch (10) and the sixth clutch (13) are simultaneously engaged, the first gear ring (32), the third gear ring (52) and the fifth gear ring (72) are fixed respectively, and the gearbox realizes a forward fourth gear;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
-when the second clutch (9) is engaged, fixing the second ring gear (42) and, at the same time, the fourth clutch (11) is engaged, connecting the second planet carrier (43) and the third planet carrier (53) as a whole, and the fifth clutch (12) is engaged, fixing the fourth planet carrier (63), at which time the gearbox achieves reverse first gear;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
when the third clutch (10) is engaged, the third ring gear (52) is fixed, meanwhile, the fourth clutch (11) is engaged, the second planet carrier (43) and the third planet carrier (53) are connected into a whole, and the fifth clutch (12) is engaged, the fourth planet carrier (63) is fixed, so that the gearbox realizes reverse gear;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
when the second clutch (9), the third clutch (10) and the fifth clutch (12) are simultaneously engaged, the second gear ring (42), the third gear ring (52) and the fourth planet carrier (63) are fixed respectively, and the gearbox realizes a reverse third gear at the moment;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
when the first clutch (8), the third clutch (10) and the fifth clutch (12) are simultaneously engaged, the first gear ring (32), the third gear ring (52) and the fourth planet carrier (63) are fixed respectively, and the gearbox achieves a reverse fourth gear.
4. The eight speed transmission for a bulldozer according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the transmission ratio range of the forward first gear is 4.63-9.55;
the transmission ratio range of the forward second gear is 3.30-6.71;
the transmission ratio range of the forward third gear is 2.31-4.77;
the transmission ratio range of the forward fourth gear is 1.33-2.84;
the transmission ratio range of the reverse first gear is-2.78 to-7.64;
the transmission ratio range of the backward second gear is-1.98 to-5.36;
the transmission ratio range of the reverse third gear is-1.39 to-3.82;
the transmission ratio range of the reverse fourth gear is-0.80 to-2.27.
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| CN109812550A (en) | 2019-05-28 |
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