CN1098121C - Process for preparing blanketing gases or reaction gases for heat treatment of metals - Google Patents
Process for preparing blanketing gases or reaction gases for heat treatment of metals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1098121C CN1098121C CN97103488A CN97103488A CN1098121C CN 1098121 C CN1098121 C CN 1098121C CN 97103488 A CN97103488 A CN 97103488A CN 97103488 A CN97103488 A CN 97103488A CN 1098121 C CN1098121 C CN 1098121C
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- nitrogen
- oxygen
- air
- pipeline
- actual value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/14—Production of inert gas mixtures; Use of inert gases in general
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/30—Controlling by gas-analysis apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J1/00—Production of fuel gases by carburetting air or other gases without pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
- C21D1/763—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere using a catalyst
Abstract
Production of protective or reaction gases, which are fed to an endothermic catalytic reactor, comprises adding N2 or O2 to the gas stream depending on the calculated actual value. An apparatus for carrying out the process is also claimed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that a kind of preparation is used for the shielding gas or the reactant gases of metal heat treatmet; comprise nitrogen that oxygen is stain and hydrocarbon polymer infeed heat absorption as air-flow catalyticreactor; detect the oxygen level in the nitrogen; this oxygen level offer control device as actual value and as the function of the actual value of surveying nitrogen or oxygen stoichiometry infeed in the air-flow at least.
Background technology
The thermal treatment of metalworking workshop is carried out under the atmosphere of shielding gas or reactant gases in known heat treatment furnace.Atmosphere mainly comprises the hydrogen of being with variable quantity and the noble gas composition nitrogen of carbon monoxide.Hydrogen is used for the impurity that infiltrates furnace space (as oxygen) is combined with hydrogen, and the level of the carbon in shielding gas atmosphere is regulated with CO, is used for for example avoiding surface decarburization under the situation of carbon steel.According to prior art, in low temp air fractionation system, obtain the noble gas composition nitrogen of the low oxygen content of very pure form, and liquefaction.The user is stored in nitrogen in the vacuum insulation bucket.Reactant gases composition H
2Be stored in similarly in the pressurized vessel with CO or by decomposing methyl alcohol, or make on the spot by the endothermic transition of hydrocarbon polymer and air.Require low dew point of having of composition and low CO by mixing with cryogenic nitrogen, preparing
2The very pure shielding gas atmosphere of concentration.Except low ternperature separation process, also can obtain nitrogen now by absorption or permeating method.The nitrogen that obtains in manufacturing cell on the spot absorbs (PSA) or film process manufacturing by pressure-swing.
It is very restricted that this nitrogen of making the manufacturing of nitrogen unit on the spot is used for for example bright annealing and neutral carburizing annealing, because the remaining oxygen level that these methods cause is about 0.1-5% (volume).High like this oxygen level influences the oxidation of metal or the decarburization of oxide skin and for example carbon steel.In bright annealing, oxygen level is lower than 10vpm in the claimed gas.
So the nitrogen that non-low temperature is made must be further purified.In the known method that is further purified, containing in the catalyticreactor that oxygen nitrogen is fed to heat absorption, wherein the oxygen that contains in the nitrogen is along with generating CO and H with hydrocarbon polymer
2And remove.Obtain shielding gas or reactant gases like this, mainly contained N
2, H
2And CO, its composition depends on the oxygen level of the nitrogen of non-low temperature system.In " MetalScience and Heat Treatment " 20 5/6 phases of volume, in May, 1978, in the 377-381 page or leaf, understand in filling out the reactor of nickel in conversion back shielding gas or the reactant gases oxygen level and CO and H in the nitrogen in more detail
2Relation between the content.Under this situation, oxygen level is that nitrogen/air mixture of 1-21% infeeds in the reactor.For the nitrogen/air mixture that makes the composition that changes keeps stable, before entering reactor, measures nitrogen/air mixture the oxygen level of nitrogen/air mixture, and by being metered into the oxygen level in the air setting nitrogen in the mixture.Under this situation, the gas volume that infeeds heat treatment furnace increases.
In addition; DE 4,212 307 C2 disclose by means of pressure-swing and have absorbed the method that (PSA) or film process manufacturing are used for the shielding gas or the reactant gases of metal heat treatmet, wherein absorb by the pressure boost revolution or the productivity of film unit or by air mixed is set higher oxygen level in the nitrogen in non-cryogenic nitrogen.Absorb or the productivity of film unit by the revolution of mixing air and/or pressure boost, can be used as that pressure-swing absorbs or the function of the output rate of film unit is regulated oxygen level in the nitrogen in wide scope.In this case, require a kind of method, by means of this method, therefore the whole bandwidth of adjustable protective gas or reactant gases, and the irrelevant stationary value of rate that keeps and pressurize and turn round absorption or film unit can prepare shielding gas or reactant gases economically.
Summary of the invention
Therefore the purpose of this invention is to provide the method that preparation is used for the shielding gas or the reactant gases of metal heat treatmet, it can low manufacturing cost makes the shielding gas or the reactant gases of any required composition that is used for metal heat treatmet.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention; the invention provides the method that a kind of preparation is used for the shielding gas or the reactant gases of metal heat treatmet; comprise nitrogen that oxygen is stain and hydrocarbon polymer infeed heat absorption as air-flow catalyticreactor; detect the oxygen level in the nitrogen; this oxygen level offers control device as actual value; with as the function of the actual value of surveying nitrogen or oxygen stoichiometry infeed in the air-flow at least; it is characterized in that nitrogen that described oxygen stains is to be absorbed or film process is prepared and as the function of the actual value of surveying air and/or nitrogen and/or oxygen stoichiometry are infeeded in the air-flow by pressure-swing.
The present invention also provides a kind of device of implementing aforesaid method, comprising: nitrogen-making device on the spot and a hydrocarbon source of the nitrogen of preparation oxygen contamination, and they are connected with reactor by pipeline; An oxygen determinator with pipe connection, is used for measuring the actual value of oxygen level in nitrogen; A control device, can infeed actual value that the oxygen determinator surveys and the input block that receives a set(ting)value, the source nitrogen of the low temperature system that the is used for nitrogen that links to each other with pipeline by supply line and/or the source of oxygen of low temperature system oxygen, with at least one valve that is arranged in supply line, the function that it can be used as actual value/set(ting)value activates.
Best, the flow restriction device of regulating air-flow is in the pipeline between nitrogen-making device and the reactor on the spot.
Best, the flow restriction device is designed to a valve, and it can be activated by control device.
Best, an air or oxygen source of supply is linked pipeline between flow restriction device and oxygen determinator.
Best, nitrogen-making device has a compressed air source on the spot, but its controlled device actuating, and compressed air require is variable.
The present invention advantageously can add all shielding gas and/or the reactant gases that infeeds hydrocarbon polymer and be produced as the metal heat treatmet needs in a reactor on the basis that contains oxygen nitrogen that the pressurization revolution absorbs or film process is made in making the nitrogen unit on the spot.Shielding gas that this method is made or reactant gases and to make the unitary output rate of nitrogen on the spot irrelevant; because can increasing and decreasing and turn round with pressurization the most economical pattern of the system nitrogen unit operation of absorption or film process on request by the nitrogen that adds low temperature system, the oxygen level in the nitrogen has nothing to do.By means of method of the present invention, make the nitrogen unit on the spot and can in the work top condition scope of its economy, carry out work with minimum cost of energy, can cover the peak of requirement with the low temperature system of being metered into nitrogen and/or low temperature system oxygen or air.In addition, the present invention allows the oxygen level in the practical adjustments nitrogen, because according to concrete requirement, can infeed nitrogen and/or oxygen and/or air in the metering of the upstream of reactor.Make on the spot the unitary output pulsation of nitrogen can be in operation with method compensation of the present invention, and can be adjusted to shielding gas or reactant gases the CO and the H of requirement
2Content.
Description of drawings
Illustrate in greater detail embodiments of the invention below by accompanying drawing, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 illustrates process drawing of the present invention; With
Fig. 2 illustrates by pressurization revolution absorption unit by the relation between oxygen level and the output rate in the nitrogen of non-cryogenics preparation.
Embodiment
Fig. 2 illustrates the oxygen level in the nitrogen, the function representation of the output rate of the nitrogen that the oxygen that produces with nitrogen-making device on the spot 13 stains.On abscissa 11, illustrate with Nm
3The output rate that/h represents illustrates the oxygen level in the nitrogen that nitrogen-making device produces on ordinate 12, represent with volume percent.As can be seen from Figure, be 40Nm at output rate
3To be elevated at output rate from 0.1% (volume) be 180Nm to oxygen level under the/h
3Under/the h 4.8% (volume).
Fig. 1 represents equipment of the present invention, it comprises a nitrogen-making device 13 on the spot, it comprises compressed air source 14, pressurized air treater 15 and the film micromodules of operating by membrane technique 16, and equipment also comprises source nitrogen 17 and endothermic catalytic reaction device 18 of low temperature system nitrogen.Nitrogen-making device 13 is connected with reactor 18 by pipeline 19 on the spot.A flow restriction device 21 (preferably activatable valve), oxygen determinator 22 and measuring apparatus 23 are arranged in the pipeline 19 in the outlet downstream of film assembly 16.A hydrocarbon source 24, for example a gas source is connected with pipeline 19 by measuring apparatus 23.Nitrogenous source 17 is connected with pipeline 19 by supply line 25.Supply line 25 has from it tells the subtube 26,27 that extends respectively, and they are connected with pipeline 19 between flow restriction device 21 and measuring apparatus 23.
An actuatable valve 28 (for example motor-operated control valve) is located in the subtube 26, and pressure maintaining valve 29 is arranged in subtube 27.Along the direction of pressurized air stream 30, in the downstream of pressurized air treater 15, bifurcated goes out a bypass pipeline 31, and it selectively is connected with the subtube 26 of the supply line 25 in valve 28 downstreams or the pipeline 19 in flow restriction device 21 downstreams.
According to another embodiment (not shown), bypass duct 31 also can be connected import 32 and the compressed air source that separates (for example pipe networks for compressed air) or source of oxygen (the oxygen supply bucket of the oxygen that low temperature makes for example is housed).An actuatable valve 33 (for example motor-operated control valve) is arranged in bypass duct 31.
Valve 28,33, oxygen determinator 22, flow restriction device 21 and selectively measuring apparatus 23 be connected with a control device 34 with 39 by control pipeline 35,36,37,38.Control device 34 is designed to for example Controlling System that memory program is arranged.Control device 34 has an input block 40 that just schematically illustrates.
Equipment shown in Figure 1 is worked as follows:
The pressurized air that compressed air source (for example compressor) provides flows through after the pressurized air treater 15 film assembly that fills up with hollow fiber by one or more, and this treater 15 for example comprises a prime filter, lyophilizer, sub-micro strainer, charcoal filter and well heater.Single kind gaseous constituent influences compressed-air actuated sepn process by the different velocity of diffusion of hollow fiber wall (film).So the nitrogen gas stream that produces is left film assembly 16 with the purity of 95-99%.According to an embodiment, be that the nitrogen of the contamination of 1-5% (volume) is adjusted to the ideal flow velocity by flow restriction device 21 by corresponding oxygen level, under this flow velocity, in the nitrogen oxygen level reach required value.For regulating flow velocity, by input block 40 predetermined flow rate setpoint of control device 34.As the function of this set(ting)value, control device 34 activates flow restriction device 21 by control pipeline 35, and the cross section of increase and decrease runner.Here the ratio of the nitrogen that oxygen is stain is adjusted to shielding gas that metal heat treatmet requires or the desirable flow velocity of reactant gases only is an example.But being not limited to this example also can carry out with the remodeling of this example, for example by the output adjusting of nitrogen-making device 13 on the spot, or pass through the bypass conduit of the orifice plate of setting there, or drive/close valve with manual metering valve and upstream that control device opens and closes by flow velocity as requested.
In the downstream of flow restriction device 21, the nitrogen that oxygen stains flows to measuring apparatus 25, infeeds hydrocarbon polymer by this device from hydrocarbon source 24 meterings.For this reason, in the pipeline 19 of measuring apparatus 23 upstreams, oxygen determinator 22 detects oxygen level, and is fed to control device 34 as actual value.As the function of actual value, hydrocarbon polymer, for example gas metering enters the nitrogen that oxygen stains.
In the nitrogen that will detect by oxygen determinator 22 according to the present invention the actual value of oxygen level and set(ting)value by input block 40 input control devices 34 relatively, and actual value and set(ting)value departs from or the situation that departs from the accurate scope that matches with set(ting)value under readjust.In nitrogen gas stream the adjusting of oxygen level by nitrogen and or air and/or oxygen be added to containing in the oxygen nitrogen of producing in the nitrogen-making device 13 on the spot, or carry out as the alternative of the nitrogen that stains.
When the output rate reduction, residual oxygen is corresponding to reduce (Fig. 2).Detect with departing from by oxygen determinator 22 of set(ting)value, and be fed to control device 34, its corresponding motor-operated control valve 33 of opening in the bypass conduit 31 is brought up to preset value to the oxygen level of the remnants in the nitrogen gas stream up to the pressurized air that flows to.Because the pressure drop in nitrogen-making device 13 on the spot is greater than the pressure drop in the bypass duct 31, the measurable air that infeeds in the pipeline 19.According to an embodiment (not being shown specifically), bypass duct 31 is connected with source of oxygen at import 32 places.In this case, the oxygen of low temperature generation infeeds up to reaching set(ting)value by motor-operated control valve 33 meterings.
When the output rate increase, the corresponding rising of oxygen level, as shown in Figure 2.Detect by oxygen determinator 22 with the deviation of set(ting)value, actual oxygen level is delivered to control device 34, it correspondingly opens the motor-operated control valve 28 in the subtube 26 of supply line 25, up to the low temperature nitrogen that flows into the oxygen level in the nitrogen gas stream is dropped to set(ting)value.The output rate that is higher than and exceeds the output capacity that nitrogen-making device on the spot 13 produces causes the pressure drop in the pipeline 19.Pressure drop affects in pipeline 19 aperture of the pressure maintaining valve 29 in the subtube 27 in the supply line 25.Cryogenic nitrogen arrives pipelines 19 from flow through supply line 25 of source nitrogen 17, up to reaching setting pressure default on the pressure maintaining valve 29.The oxygen amount detects by oxygen determinator 22, and pressurized air or oxygen are according to above-mentioned metering.Under the situation of film assembly 16 inefficacies or interference and/or maintenance, valve 21 cuts out, and all shielding gas or reactant gases are with supplying through the low temperature nitrogen of source nitrogen 17 and supplying with pressurized air or oxygen with process bypass duct 31.
Use is according to equipment of the present invention, by measuring air-supplied on request and/or oxygen and/or nitrogen, and can regulate or readjust stable oxygen level with different output rates and/or different shielding gas or reactant gasess.Can in endothermic catalytic reaction device 18, produce CO and H like this with requirement
2The shielding gas or the reactant gases of amount.
Example
A tubing machine carries out process annealing and final annealing with three successive roller hearth furnaces.Used reactant gases comprises:
H
2=6% (volume);
CO=3% (volume);
Surplus is N
2
Because order situation and maintenance or interruption produce when different stoves uses:
Technical data in annealing device
| Heat (batch) number | Use (hour/year) | Gas requires (m 3The N of/h 2) |
| 1 | 8000 | 70 |
| 2 | 8000 | 70 |
| 3 | 2000 | 40 |
For the reactant gases composition that obtains requiring, requirement oxygen level in nitrogen is about 2.3% (volume).The basis is the endothermic catalytic reaction of simplifying:
Industrial implementation to the supply shielding gas has 3 kinds of possible approach:
1. design residual oxygen amount is the standard output 180m of 2.3% (volume)
3The nitrogen-making device on the spot of/h.The stove device when closing, require to be reduced to 140m
3/ h.The remaining oxygen level of 2.3% (volume) that requires is by controlling air-supplied obtaining.
Energy requirement=80Kw.
2. standard is exported 140m
3The nitrogen-making device on the spot of/h.During stove device 3 work,, cryogenic nitrogen and pressurized air satisfies additional requirement by being mixed.
Additional requirement: low temperature nitrogen=35.4m
3/ h
Pressurized air=4.6m
3/ h
Energy requirement=the 55KW of nitrogen-making device on the spot
3. standard is output as 140m
3The design of the nitrogen-making device on the spot of/h.During 3 work of stove device, the output rate and the mixing low temp nitrogen of nitrogen-making device satisfy additional requirement by increasing on the spot.
Output rate=the 150m of nitrogen-making device on the spot
3/ h is (at 2.76%O
2)
Low temperature nitrogen=30m
3/ h
Energy requirement=the 55KW of nitrogen-making device on the spot.
The difference that requires by relative energy limits discrete industrial technology scheme.
The energy requirement of the nitrogen that low temperature is made is about 2KWh/m
3(manufacturing, transportation, storage etc.).
| | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Make the nitrogen unit on the spot | 80KW×8000h ＝640,000KWh | 55KW×8000h ＝440,000KWh | 55KW×8000h ＝440,000KWh |
| Cryogenic nitrogen | 35.4m 3/h×2KWh/m 3 2000h＝141,600KWh | 30.0m 3/h×2KWh/m 3 2000h＝120,000KWh | |
| Annual total energy | 640,000KWh | 581,600KWh | 560,000KWh |
| Per- | 100％ | 90.9％ | 87.5％ |
Relatively as seen, the characteristics of scheme 3 are minimum energy requirements.
Claims (6)
1. one kind prepares the shielding gas that is used for metal heat treatmet or the method for reactant gases; comprise nitrogen that oxygen is stain and hydrocarbon polymer infeed heat absorption as air-flow catalyticreactor; detect the oxygen level in the nitrogen; this oxygen level offers control device as actual value; with as the function of the actual value of surveying nitrogen or oxygen stoichiometry infeed in the air-flow at least
It is characterized in that nitrogen that described oxygen stains be by pressure-swing absorb or film process is prepared and
As the function of the actual value of surveying air and/or nitrogen and/or oxygen stoichiometry are infeeded in the air-flow.
2. implement the equipment of the method for claim 1, comprising:
The nitrogen-making device on the spot (13) and a hydrocarbon source (24) of the nitrogen of preparation oxygen contamination, they are connected with reactor (18) by pipeline (19);
An oxygen determinator (22) is connected with pipeline (19), is used for measuring the actual value of oxygen level in nitrogen;
A control device (34) can infeed actual value that oxygen determinator (22) surveys and the input block (40) that receives a set(ting)value,
The source nitrogen (17) of the low temperature system that the is used for nitrogen that links to each other with pipeline (19) by supply line (25) and/or the source of oxygen of low temperature system oxygen and
Be arranged at least one valve (28,33) of supply line (25), the function that it can be used as actual value/set(ting)value activates.
3. according to the equipment of claim 2, the flow restriction device (21) that it is characterized in that regulating air-flow is arranged in the pipeline (19) between the nitrogen-making device (13) and reactor (18) on the spot.
4. according to the equipment of claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that flow restriction device (21) is designed to a valve, it can be activated by control device (34).
5. according to the equipment of claim 4, it is characterized in that an air or oxygen source of supply is linked pipeline (19) between flow restriction device (21) and oxygen determinator (22).
6. according to claim 2,3 or 5 equipment, it is characterized in that nitrogen-making device (13) has a compressed air source (14) on the spot, but its controlled device (34) activate, and compressed air require is variable.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19610722.9 | 1996-03-19 | ||
| DE1996110722 DE19610722B4 (en) | 1996-03-19 | 1996-03-19 | Process for the preparation of protective or reaction gases for the heat treatment of metals |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1163795A CN1163795A (en) | 1997-11-05 |
| CN1098121C true CN1098121C (en) | 2003-01-08 |
Family
ID=7788714
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97103488A Expired - Fee Related CN1098121C (en) | 1996-03-19 | 1997-03-18 | Process for preparing blanketing gases or reaction gases for heat treatment of metals |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1098121C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU714077B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19610722B4 (en) |
| ID (1) | ID16270A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101928817A (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2010-12-29 | 上海心田电工设备有限公司 | Method for preparing protective gas for heat treatment of metals |
| DE102015003777B3 (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-03-31 | Messer Belgium NV | Method and device for controlled introduction of a gas into a fluid medium |
| CN106466584A (en) * | 2016-08-27 | 2017-03-01 | 湖北宜化集团有限责任公司 | A kind of method and device guaranteeing that tripolycyanamide fused salt is in normal condition |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1112961A (en) * | 1991-11-05 | 1995-12-06 | 气体产品与化学公司 | In-situ generation of heat treating atmospheres using a mixture of non-cryogenically produced nitrogen and a hydrocarbon gas |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT305222B (en) * | 1966-06-08 | 1973-02-12 | Gako Ges Fuer Gas | Method and device for the production of inert gas |
| US4051231A (en) * | 1974-09-23 | 1977-09-27 | Ford, Bacon & Davis Texas, Inc. | Production of internal atmospheres for kilns |
| DE2634257A1 (en) * | 1976-07-30 | 1978-02-02 | Kaiser Aluminium Europ Inc Deu | Inert gas generation from exhaust gas - by controlling fuel-gas ratio to achieve the required compsn. |
| DE4212307C2 (en) * | 1992-04-13 | 1994-07-28 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Process for the production of a protective or reaction gas for the heat treatment of metals |
| DE4424170C1 (en) * | 1994-07-08 | 1996-02-08 | Carbotech Anlagenbau Gmbh | Method for adjusting a controlled atmosphere in a container |
-
1996
- 1996-03-19 DE DE1996110722 patent/DE19610722B4/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-03-17 ID IDP970857A patent/ID16270A/en unknown
- 1997-03-17 AU AU16288/97A patent/AU714077B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-03-18 CN CN97103488A patent/CN1098121C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1112961A (en) * | 1991-11-05 | 1995-12-06 | 气体产品与化学公司 | In-situ generation of heat treating atmospheres using a mixture of non-cryogenically produced nitrogen and a hydrocarbon gas |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1163795A (en) | 1997-11-05 |
| AU714077B2 (en) | 1999-12-16 |
| DE19610722A1 (en) | 1997-09-25 |
| AU1628897A (en) | 1997-09-25 |
| ID16270A (en) | 1997-09-18 |
| DE19610722B4 (en) | 2006-07-13 |
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