CN109811143A - A kind of method of nickel sludge, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal - Google Patents
A kind of method of nickel sludge, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal Download PDFInfo
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- CN109811143A CN109811143A CN201910014860.3A CN201910014860A CN109811143A CN 109811143 A CN109811143 A CN 109811143A CN 201910014860 A CN201910014860 A CN 201910014860A CN 109811143 A CN109811143 A CN 109811143A
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to solidification disposal of waste and non-ferrous metallurgy field, and in particular to a kind of method of nickel sludge, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal.This method is with the produced nickel-containing sludge of electroplate factory, sulfuric acid plant produces rich scum, house refuse cullet, the produced gypsum tailings of chemical industry and smeltery is primary raw material, add carbonaceous reductant, it is dry, 1~4h of high melt is carried out after ball milling mixing at 1000~1400 DEG C, valuable metal enrichment sulfide and upper layer innoxious clinker with ferrosilicon calcium oxide based on of the lower layer based on nis matte is obtained after cooling, separate the metal enrichment sulfide and innoxious clinker, the valuable metal enrichment sulfide is routed directly to nickel smelter and is recycled, the innoxious clinker is by directly sending cement plant for the production of cement after water quenching.Step collaboration of the invention handles a variety of waste residues, and carries out synthetical recovery to constituent element valuable in slag, carries out harmlessness disposing to priceless and toxic element, and disposal process clean and environmental protection, minimizing are obvious, and process flow is simple, easy to industrialized production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solidification disposal of waste and nonferrous metallurgy field.More particularly, to a kind of nickel sludge, rich scum, useless glass
The method of glass and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal.
Background technique
Nickel electroplating sludge refers to the sludge containing heavy metal waste generated after nickel electroplating wastewater processing, is put into National Hazard
The 17th class hazardous waste in waste list.Containing heavy metals such as a large amount of copper, nickel, zinc, cadmiums in nickel electroplating sludge, to ecological ring
The destructiveness in border is extremely strong；Meanwhile the nickel content in nickel electroplating sludge is much higher compared with raw ore, if not recycled will cause
The huge waste of resource.Therefore there is the dual meaning of resource circulation utilization and dangerous waste cleaning disposition to the recycling of nickel electroplating sludge
Justice, existing recovery process have electrolysis method, chemical precipitation method, pyrometallurgical smelting etc., in which: leaching-electrolysis method: Chinese patent
Ammonia leaching process is respectively adopted in CN201710612163 and Chinese patent CN201210000330 and sulfuric acid leaching processing plating is dirty
Mud, then corronil and copper sheet are obtained by the method for electrodeposition.This technology investment and equipment operation it is costly, and to waste liquid
Concentration there are certain requirements；Chemical precipitation method: it is dissolved using the different either metal sulfides of the precipitating pH of different metal ions
Degree is different and separates impurity by adjusting leachate pH or generating sulfide.Chinese patent CN201611126910 passes through tune
The pH value of different solutions is saved to realize the purpose of separation.But this method can generate a large amount of waste water, cause secondary pollution, production
Acid mist and hypertoxic gas are generated in the process；Wet process-pyrogenic process method for combined use: Chinese patent CN201610275847 first uses wet process smelting
Heavy metal in the method separated sludge of gold, then metal or metallic salt and gypsum-based construction are obtained by ingredient and calcining process
Material, to realize resource utilization.But this method complex procedures, and metal recovery rate is not high, and can only handle single
Electroplating sludge solid waste.Chinese patent CN201210222008 is full pyrometallurgical smelting process, the step of using drying-mixing-melting
Electroplating sludge is handled, slag former used in this method and flux are all technical pure grade, and reduction obtains elemental metal, because in sludge
Valuable metal total amount is low compared with raw ore, therefore higher cost, and the quantity of slag brings greatly metal loss big.
Rich iron slag main component is iron oxide, while also containing the valuable metals such as gold, silver, nickel, cobalt, and wherein gold and silver contains
Amount is about 1~50g/t and 5~100g/t, and grade is low, iron content and sulphur, every up to ten million tons of annual meeting output in China's sulfuric acid industry
Rich iron slag, at present without cost-effective processing method, volume of cargo in storage is big.
Gypsum tailings is with a kind of calcium sulfate industrial residue as main component.The discharge amount of waste gypsum is very big, a large amount of barren rocks
Disposition is such as not added in cream, any to store up, and not only occupies tract, and can polluted-water and soil.For example, fluorine contains in fluorgypsum
Amount up to 3.07%, wherein 2.05% be it is water-soluble, such as it is mishandling, then can endanger agricultural production and human health and threaten
Livestock growth and breeding.
Life and building industry have a large amount of cullet to generate, and main component is silica.These four industrial wastes
Common trait is that quantum of output is big, value is low, and independent processing cost is high.
It is, thus, sought for economically viable cooperative disposal and recovery method, be completed at the same time it can at innoxious collaboration
It sets and resource reclaim, so that the processing cost of single waste material is reduced, the purpose for playing solid wastes recycling disposition and utilizing.
Summary of the invention
The present invention for existing nickel electroplating sludge, rich scum, gypsum tailings, cullet quantum of output is big, value is low, comprehensive utilization
Difficult, the problems such as processing cost is high, provides a kind of method of nickel sludge, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, the party
Electroplating sludge, rich scum, gypsum tailings, cullet are put together and carry out collaboration melting by method, can cost-effectively enriching and recovering
The gold and silver in the rich scum of heavy metal nickel, enrichment in electroplating sludge, plays dangerous waste disposition, resource reclaim, the cured work of decrement
Industry Solid state fermentation.
To achieve the above object, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method of nickel sludge, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, with the produced nickel-containing sludge of electroplate factory,
It is primary raw material that sulfuric acid plant, which produces rich scum, the produced gypsum tailings in smeltery, house refuse cullet, addition carbonaceous reduction after ingredient
Agent carries out 1~4h of high melt after ball milling mixing at 1000~1400 DEG C, obtains lower layer's having based on nis matte after cooling
The innoxious clinker of valence metal enrichment sulfide and upper layer based on ferrosilicon calcium oxide, separates the metal enrichment sulfide
With innoxious clinker, the valuable metal enrichment sulfide is routed directly to nickel smelter after cold water jet dusting and is recycled,
The innoxious clinker is by directly sending cement plant for the production of cement after water quenching, wherein right during high melt
Flue dust is collected, and collected flue dust returns to blending process.
Preferably, the nickel-containing sludge nickel content is 5~40%；Further preferably 15~40%.
In order to guarantee that the vulcanization and slag making of valuable metal in the present invention react to form stable high calcium slag, the preferably described raw material
By mass percentage: nickel-containing sludge 40~80%, rich scum 10~40%, cullet 10~30%, gypsum tailings 15~40%；
Further preferably nickel-containing sludge 40~60%, rich scum 10~20%, cullet 10~20%, gypsum tailings 20~40%.
Preferably, the carbonaceous reductant is one of coal dust or coke or a variety of.It is further preferred that described
The additional amount of carbonaceous reductant is the 10~55% of rich scum and gypsum tailings total amount.
The present invention creatively puts electroplated nickel mud and rich scum, gypsum tailings, cullet to carry out collaboration melting together.
Sulphur source and slag making calcium of the calcium sulfate as concentration of valuable metals using iron oxide in rich scum as slag making source of iron, in gypsum tailings
Source, the silica in cullet is as slag making silicon source.Reasonable reduction-sulfurization reaction and slag making reaction are designed, is realized difficult
Solid waste nickel electroplating sludge and other Industrial Solid Wastes collaboration processing, reduce the waste of resource；The present invention is in the richness being rationally incorporated
Under scum, gypsum tailings and the effect of cullet mixed flux, good slag making reaction occurs, and form melting property and good fluidity
Smelting slag.Heavy metal nickel that can cost-effectively in enriching and recovering electroplating sludge based on the method for the present invention, Sync enrichment are rich
Gold and silver in scum plays dangerous waste disposition, resource reclaim, the cured industrial waste residue disposal of decrement.
It is main that following reaction occurs in the present invention is in high melt separation process:
C+O2=CO2(g) (1)
C+CO2(g)=2CO (g) (2)
CaSO4=CaO+SO3(g) (3)
SO3(g)+C=SO2(g)+CO(g) (4)
SO3(g)+CO (g)=SO2(g)+CO2(g) (5)
SO2(g)+C=S+CO2(g) (6)
Fe2O3+ C=2FeO+CO (g) (7)
Fe2O3+ 0.5C=2FeO+0.5CO2(g) (8)
FeO+C=Fe+CO (g) (9)
FeO+CO (g)=Fe+CO2(g) (10)
NiO+CaSO4+ 4C=NiS+CaO+4CO (g) (11)
NiO+CaSO4+ 2C=NiS+CaO+2CO2(g) (12)
2NiO+NiS=3Ni+SO2(g) (13)
xFeO+ySiO2+ zCaO=xFeOySiO2·zCaO (14)
xCaO+SiO2=xCaOSiO2 (15)
2FeO+SiO2=2FeOSiO2 (16)
The smelted product includes nis matte, clinker and flue gas, the former is valuable metal enriched substance, be sent to nickel smelter into
Row recycles, and the latter is innoxious clinker, is sent to cement plant as cement raw material.
As one of preferred, the method for a kind of nickel sludge of the present invention, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, packet
Include following steps:
S1. raw material is chosen and pre-processed: it is useless to produce rich scum, house refuse with the produced nickel-containing sludge of electroplate factory, sulfuric acid plant
The produced gypsum tailings of glass and smeltery is raw material, is dried to the raw material and ball milling refines；
S2. ingredient and mixing: ingredients are carried out to four kinds of raw materials by proper proportion, carbonaceous reductant is then added, carries out ball
Grind mixing；
S3. high melt separates: mixing described in step S2 is melted in 1000~1400 DEG C of at a temperature of progress separating at high temperature
Refining decomposes, vulcanizes, restoring, the series reactions such as scorification, it is cooling after because density variation score layer arrangement reaction product,
Valuable metal enrichment sulfide and upper layer of the lower layer based on nis matte are obtained after separating to reaction product with lightweight ferrosilicon
Innoxious clinker based on calcium oxide；
Wherein, the enrichment of valuable metal obtained by step S3 sulfide is routed directly to nickel smelter and is recycled, and gained is innoxious
Clinker is by directly sending cement plant for the production of cement after water quenching, the flue gas that step S3 is collected into is after exhaust system is handled
Discharge.
Scientific design production process of the present invention, the first step carry out raw material selection and pretreatment, mainly carry out to entering factory's raw material
The processes such as dry, refinement, object phase and Chemical bath deposition, obtain the information such as composition and purpose Forms of Existence of Elements, are second step
Accurate dosing provides foundation.
Second step carries out ingredient and mixing, it then follows and the principle that valuable metal vulcanizes recycling entirely and the full scorification of calcium slag is fixed is right
Four kinds of waste materials press compositional characteristic, and stable, high calcium advantageous slag type can be melt by being made into, to realize to fusion process to sulphur and calcium resource
Balanced use.
Third step 1000~1400 DEG C at a temperature of carry out separating at high temperature melting, the iron oxide in pyrite cinder is gone back
CaSO of the original at FeO, in gypsum tailings4It is reduced and is decomposed into calcium oxide and sulfur dioxide, with the SiO in cullet2Equal flux are together
Slag making decomposes, vulcanizes, restoring, the series reactions such as scorification.It generates the valuable metal based on nis matte and is enriched with sulfide
With the innoxious clinker based on ferrosilicon calcium oxide, the two is separated because of density variation.The innoxious clinker of gained of the invention
Secure harmful element Cu, Bi, Zn, As, Pb in nickel sludge using the space net structure of ferrosilicon calcium oxide etc., knot
Structure is stable, Leaching is low, can be used as basic building materials and uses.
Two kind product obtained after separation to melting post-processes, and wherein nis matte traps the gold, silver in rich scum, can
The innoxious smelting slag for being sent to nickel smelter to be recycled, and generating directly send cement plant for cement after then passing through water quenching
Production.
Preferably, in step S1 after raw material ball levigateization granularity all in -40 mesh hereinafter, drying temperature be 150~230
DEG C, drying time is 5~20h.
Preferably, 4 kinds of raw materials described in step S2 press compositional characteristic, and stable, high calcium composition advantageous slag can be melt by being made into
Type, to realize to fusion process to the balanced use of sulphur and calcium resource.
Preferably, the temperature of high melt described in step S3 is 1100~1250 DEG C, and the time is 1~1.5h.
In order to be conducive to valuable metal enrichment sulfide being further processed in nickel smelter, the present invention is preferably in step S3
In fusion process, gained valuable metal is enriched with sulfide and flows into dusting chamber from the discharge port of reaction vessel, sprays into high speed thereto
Cold water stream makes the quick dusting of sulfide and cooling, and wherein the penetrating speed of high speed cold water flow is 10~30m/s, water flow temperature 0
~30 DEG C, vulcanization ice nickel is directly pulverized into ice nickel powder, to be sent directly into the ingredient of nickel smelter.Gained nis matte of the invention is straight
Connect dusting, after sending to nickel smelter can directly ingredient without grinding, save the high energy of cold burden fine grinding.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effect that:
(1) present invention carries out while cooperateing with melting using industrial intractable a variety of Industrial Solid Wastes, in processing electronickelling
While sludge obtains nis matte, the gold and silver in rich scum is largely also trapped by nis matte, is convenient for centralized recovery.And in clinker
Valuable content be greatly reduced, low value is harmless, can be routed directly to cement plant.Flue gas discharges after exhaust system is handled.The present invention
Method is simple and easy, can pass through accurate dosing, adjusting process directly on the basis of current nickel fibers or other pyrometallurgical smelting factories
Parameter realizes the industrial production of the method for the present invention.
(2) step collaboration of the invention handles a variety of waste residues, and carries out synthetical recovery to constituent element valuable in slag, to priceless and have
Malicious element carries out harmlessness disposing, and disposal process clean and environmental protection, minimizing are obvious, and process flow is simple, easy to industrialized production.
(3) the gained direct dusting of nis matte after present invention collaboration melting, does not need to grind after sending to nickel smelter, can be direct
Ingredient is carried out, the energy consumption that cold burden is regrinded is saved, energy-saving and emission-reduction improve production efficiency.
(4) in the method for nickel sludge of the present invention, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal nickel, gold, silver direct yield
Respectively up to 99.35%, 89.10%, 95.27%.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is the technique letter of the method for a kind of nickel sludge of the present invention, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal
Figure.
Specific embodiment
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention is made below in conjunction with Figure of description and preferred embodiment more complete
Face meticulously describes, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter and the normally understood meaning of those skilled in the art
It is identical.Technical term used herein is intended merely to the purpose of description specific embodiment, it is no intended to limit of the invention
Protection scope.
Unless otherwise specified, various raw material, reagent, the instrument and equipment etc. used in the present invention can pass through city
Field is commercially available or can be prepared by existing method.
The embodiment of the present invention 1~5 is to select from electroplate factory, sulfuric acid plant, house refuse recycle bin, bismuth smeltery using raw material
Nickel sludge, rich scum, cullet, gypsum tailings have been taken, composition has been carried out to above four kinds of raw materials and material phase analysis obtains:
The main component of nickel sludge is (wt.%): Ni 19.38, Fe 4.37, S 4.16, Cu 1.85, Pb 1.29, Zn
1.24、CaO 9.20、SiO2 2.22、Al2O30.26；
The ingredient (wt.%) of rich scum are as follows: TFe 57.03, Cu 0.46, Pb 0.08, SiO2 13.57, CaO 3.22,
Al2O33.11,MgO 0.54,S 1.03,Au 4.67g/t,Ag 32.63g/t；
The chemical constituent (wt.%) of gypsum tailings are as follows: CaO 56.08SiO2 1.36、Al2O30.76,MgO 1.23；
Cullet is SiO2 96.78、Al2O3 0.72、Na2O 1.39。
Carbonaceous reductant used in the embodiment of the present invention 1~5 is coke, the coke chemical constituent (wt.%) are as follows: C
84.56、S 2.79、SiO2 5.17、CaO 1.03、Al2O3 3.94、MgO 0.42。
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of method of nickel sludge, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, process flow charts
As shown in Fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
S1. raw material is chosen and is pre-processed: producing rich scum with the produced nickel-containing sludge of electroplate factory, sulfuric acid plant, house refuse is returned
It receives station gained cullet and the produced gypsum tailings in smeltery is raw material, 10h is dried to raw material at 170 DEG C, ball milling is refined to
Whole material sizes are below -40 mesh；
S2. ingredient and mixing: the nickel sludge 500g of mentioned component, rich scum 86g, lime stone 175g and useless are weighed respectively
Glass 70g, addition coke 90g, all materials are fitted into corundum crucible after mixing；
S3. high melt separates: the crucible equipped with material is put into electric furnace the melting 2.0h at 1250 DEG C.Melting terminates
Nis matte is released into cooling bath from crucible bottom drain hole afterwards, and 5 DEG C of cold water for spraying into 20m/s thereto carry out dusting, are filtered dry
It is 164g that nis matte powder weight is weighed after water, and the innoxious clinker 650g based on upper layer ferrosilicon calcium oxide, phase are weighed after cooling
Between be collected into flue dust 2.03g.Chemical analysis lower layer nickel, gold, silver content in the valuable metal enrichment sulfide based on nis matte
Respectively 57.54%, 12.27g/t, 88.96g/t, calculating its direct yield is respectively 97.39%, 86.20% and 89.43%；
The enrichment sulfide of valuable metal obtained by step S3 is routed directly to nickel smelter to recycle, the innoxious clinker of gained
By directly sending cement plant for the production of cement after water quenching, gained flue dust return step S2 carries out ingredient.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of method of nickel sludge, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, process flow charts
As shown in Fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
S1. raw material is chosen and is pre-processed: producing rich scum with the produced nickel-containing sludge of electroplate factory, sulfuric acid plant, house refuse is returned
It receives station gained cullet and the produced gypsum tailings in smeltery is raw material, 14h is dried to raw material at 200 DEG C, ball milling is refined to
- 60 mesh of granularity；
S2. ingredient and mixing: the nickel sludge 500g of mentioned component, rich scum 170g, lime stone 210g and useless are weighed respectively
Glass 85g, addition coke 120g, all materials are fitted into corundum crucible after mixing；
S3. high melt separates: the crucible equipped with material is put into electric furnace the melting 1.0h at 1300 DEG C.Melting terminates
Nis matte is released into cooling bath from crucible bottom drain hole afterwards, and 10 DEG C of cold water for spraying into 30m/s thereto carry out dusting, are filtered dry
It is 177g that nis matte powder weight is weighed after water, and innoxious clinker 788g of the upper layer based on ferrosilicon calcium oxide is weighed after cooling,
Period is collected into flue dust 3.18g.Valuable metal of the chemical analysis lower layer based on nis matte is enriched with nickel, gold, silver in sulfide and contains
Amount is respectively 54.22%, 11.11g/t, 83.10g/t, and calculating its direct yield is respectively 99.04%, 84.28% and 90.16%；
The enrichment sulfide of valuable metal obtained by step S3 is routed directly to nickel smelter to recycle, the innoxious clinker of gained
By directly sending cement plant for the production of cement after water quenching, gained flue dust return step S2 carries out ingredient.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of method of nickel sludge, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, process flow charts
As shown in Fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
S1. raw material is chosen and is pre-processed: producing rich scum with the produced nickel-containing sludge of electroplate factory, sulfuric acid plant, house refuse is returned
It receives station gained cullet and the produced gypsum tailings in smeltery is raw material, 6h is dried to raw material at 230 DEG C, ball milling is refined to grain
Spend -100 mesh；
S2. ingredient and mixing: the nickel sludge 500g of mentioned component, rich scum 230g, lime stone 250g and useless are weighed respectively
Glass 100g, addition coke 135g, all materials are fitted into corundum crucible after mixing；
S3. high melt separates: the crucible equipped with material is put into electric furnace the melting 3.0h at 1350 DEG C.Melting terminates
Nis matte is released into cooling bath from crucible bottom drain hole afterwards, and 3 DEG C of cold water for spraying into 10m/s thereto carry out dusting, are filtered dry
It is 182g that nis matte powder weight is weighed after water, and innoxious clinker 898g of the upper layer based on ferrosilicon calcium oxide is weighed after cooling,
Period is collected into flue dust 3.98g.Valuable metal of the chemical analysis lower layer based on nis matte is enriched with nickel, gold, silver in sulfide and contains
Amount is respectively 52.90%, 10.59g/t, 77.36g/t, and calculating its direct yield is respectively 99.35%, 82.56% and 86.30%；
The enrichment sulfide of valuable metal obtained by step S3 is routed directly to nickel smelter to recycle, the innoxious clinker of gained
By directly sending cement plant for the production of cement after water quenching, gained flue dust return step S2 carries out ingredient.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment provides a kind of method of nickel sludge, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, process flow charts
As shown in Fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
S1. raw material is chosen and is pre-processed: producing rich scum with the produced nickel-containing sludge of electroplate factory, sulfuric acid plant, house refuse is returned
It receives station gained cullet and the produced gypsum tailings in smeltery is raw material, 7h is dried to raw material at 180 DEG C, ball milling is refined to grain
Spend -60 mesh；
S2. ingredient and mixing: the nickel sludge 500g of mentioned component, rich scum 180g, lime stone 200g and useless are weighed respectively
Glass 140g, addition coke 260g, all materials are fitted into corundum crucible after mixing；
S3. high melt separates: the crucible equipped with material is put into electric furnace the melting 4.0h at 1100 DEG C.Melting terminates
Nis matte is released into cooling bath from crucible bottom drain hole afterwards, and 20 DEG C of cold water for spraying into 18m/s thereto carry out dusting, are filtered dry
It is 168g that nis matte powder weight is weighed after water, and innoxious clinker 768g of the upper layer based on ferrosilicon calcium oxide is weighed after cooling,
Period is collected into flue dust 3.04g.Valuable metal of the chemical analysis lower layer based on nis matte is enriched with nickel, gold, silver in sulfide and contains
Amount is respectively 56.66%, 12.35g/t, 88.76g/t, and calculating its direct yield is respectively 98.24%, 88.92% and 91.40%；
The enrichment sulfide of valuable metal obtained by step S3 is routed directly to nickel smelter to recycle, the innoxious clinker of gained
By directly sending cement plant for the production of cement after water quenching, gained flue dust return step S2 carries out ingredient.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment provides a kind of method of nickel sludge, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, process flow charts
As shown in Fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
S1. raw material is chosen and is pre-processed: producing rich scum with the produced nickel-containing sludge of electroplate factory, sulfuric acid plant, house refuse is returned
It receives station gained cullet and the produced gypsum tailings in smeltery is raw material, 15h is dried to raw material at 190 DEG C, ball milling is refined to
- 50 mesh of granularity；
S2. ingredient and mixing: weigh respectively the nickel sludge 2000g of mentioned component, rich scum 430g, lime stone 570g and
Cullet 360g, addition coke 460g, all materials are fitted into corundum crucible after mixing；
S3. high melt separates: the crucible equipped with material is put into electric furnace the melting 2.0h at 1500 DEG C.Melting terminates
Nis matte is released into cooling bath from crucible bottom drain hole afterwards, and 25 DEG C of cold water for spraying into 25m/s thereto carry out dusting, are filtered dry
It is 683g that nis matte powder weight is weighed after water, and innoxious clinker 2558g of the upper layer based on ferrosilicon calcium oxide is weighed after cooling,
Period is collected into flue dust 11.29g.Valuable metal of the chemical analysis lower layer based on nis matte is enriched with nickel, gold, silver in sulfide and contains
Amount is respectively 56.34%, 12.18g/t, 91.02g/t, and calculating its direct yield is respectively 99.27%, 89.10% and 95.27%；
The enrichment sulfide of valuable metal obtained by step S3 is routed directly to nickel smelter to recycle, the innoxious clinker of gained
By directly sending cement plant for the production of cement after water quenching, gained flue dust return step S2 carries out ingredient.
These are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for those skilled in the art
For member, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, it is made it is any modification,
Equivalent replacement, improvement etc. should be included within scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of nickel sludge, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, which is characterized in that produced with electroplate factory
It is primary raw material that nickel-containing sludge, sulfuric acid plant, which produce rich scum, house refuse cullet, the produced gypsum tailings in smeltery, is added after ingredient
Add carbonaceous reductant, carries out 1~4h of high melt after dry, ball milling mixing at 1000~1400 DEG C, obtain lower layer after cooling
The innoxious clinker of valuable metal enrichment sulfide and upper layer based on ferrosilicon calcium oxide based on nis matte, separates institute
Metal enrichment sulfide and innoxious clinker are stated, is routed directly to nickel smelting after the valuable metal enrichment sulfide cold water jet dusting
Refinery is recycled, and the innoxious clinker is by directly sending cement plant for the production of cement after water quenching, wherein in high temperature
Flue dust is collected in fusion process, collected flue dust returns to blending process.
2. the method for nickel sludge according to claim 1, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, feature exist
In the nickel-containing sludge nickel content is 5~40%；Preferably 15~40%.
3. the method for nickel sludge according to claim 1, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, feature exist
By mass percentage in, the raw material: nickel-containing sludge 40~80%, rich scum 10~40%, cullet 10~30%, gypsum
Slag 15~40%；Preferably nickel-containing sludge 40~60%, rich scum 10~20%, cullet 10~20%, gypsum tailings 20~
40%.
4. the method for nickel sludge according to claim 1, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, feature exist
In the carbonaceous reductant is one of coal dust or coke or a variety of.
5. the method for nickel sludge according to claim 1, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, feature exist
In the additional amount of the carbonaceous reductant is the 10~55% of rich scum and gypsum tailings total amount.
6. the method for described in any item nickel sludge, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal according to claim 1~5,
Characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1. raw material is chosen and is pre-processed: producing rich scum, house refuse cullet with the produced nickel-containing sludge of electroplate factory, sulfuric acid plant
It is raw material with the produced gypsum tailings in smeltery, the raw material is dried and ball milling refines；
S2. ingredient and mixing: ingredients are carried out to four kinds of raw materials by proper proportion, carbonaceous reductant is then added, it is mixed to carry out ball milling
Material；
S3. high melt separates: the at a temperature of progress separating at high temperature melting by mixing described in step S2 at 1000~1400 DEG C, hair
The series reactions such as solution estranged, vulcanization, reduction, scorification, it is cooling after because density variation score layer arrangement reaction product, to reaction
Product obtains valuable metal enrichment sulfide and upper layer of the lower layer based on nis matte with the oxidation of lightweight ferrosilicon calcium after being separated
Innoxious clinker based on object；
Wherein: step S3 overall process carries out the enrichment sulfide of valuable metal obtained by off-gas recovery step S3 and is routed directly to nickel smelter
It is recycled, the innoxious clinker of gained directly send production of the cement plant for cement by water quenching later, collects during step S3
To flue gas discharged after exhaust system is handled.
7. the method for nickel sludge according to claim 6, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, feature exist
In granularity < 40 mesh after raw material ball levigateization in step S1, drying temperature is 150~230 DEG C, and drying time is 5~20h.
8. the method for nickel sludge according to claim 6, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, feature exist
In 4 kinds of raw materials described in step S2 press compositional characteristic, and stable, high calcium advantageous slag type can be melt by being made into, to realize to melting
Balanced use of the journey to sulphur and calcium resource.
9. the method for nickel sludge according to claim 6, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, feature exist
In the temperature of high melt described in step S3 is 1100~1250 DEG C, and the time is 1~1.5h.
10. the method for nickel sludge according to claim 6, rich scum, cullet and gypsum tailings cooperative disposal, feature exist
In step S3 fusion process, gained valuable metal is enriched with sulfide and flows into dusting chamber from the discharge port of reaction vessel, sprays thereto
Enter high speed cold water flow, so that the quick dusting of sulfide and cooling vulcanization ice nickel is directly pulverized into ice nickel powder, the preferably described high speed cold water
The penetrating speed of stream is 10~30m/s, and water flow temperature is 0~30 DEG C.
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| CN110846511A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-28 | 济源豫光有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Method for co-processing zinc leaching residues and gypsum residues |
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| CN110983030A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-04-10 | 中南大学 | Method for co-processing zinc-rich gypsum slag and jarosite slag |
| CN111003909A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-14 | 北京矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Method for resource utilization of copper, lead and zinc smelting wastewater sludge and application thereof |
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