CN109807562A - A kind of silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of Al-Mg-Si alloy - Google Patents
A kind of silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of Al-Mg-Si alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN109807562A CN109807562A CN201910079360.8A CN201910079360A CN109807562A CN 109807562 A CN109807562 A CN 109807562A CN 201910079360 A CN201910079360 A CN 201910079360A CN 109807562 A CN109807562 A CN 109807562A
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Abstract
A kind of silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of Al-Mg-Si alloy, comprising the following steps: step 1 carries out electric arc increasing material forming using cooling roll-in auxiliary；Step 2 carries out Milling Process to the side and top surface that increase material body；Step 3 is stirred friction processing to material body is increased using mixing yoghurt equipment, while applying cooling roll-in to material body sidewall is increased using cooling rolling device in mixing yoghurt process；Step 4 carries out finish-milling to increasing material body upper surface, in case the electric arc of next step increases material forming；Step 5, circulating repetition execute above step, the final forming until completing part.The present invention can abolish Al-Mg-Si alloy completely and increase the dendritic growth in material forming process and refine crystal grain, the defects of effectively repairing stomata and crackle, simultaneously in the increasing material manufacturing of silk material electric arc and its modifying process, it prevents from increasing material body generation overheat and therefore caused microstructure roughening by the way that application is cooling, greatly improve the mechanical property for increasing material body, especially plasticity and fatigue behaviour.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal increases material manufacturing technology fields, are related to a kind of silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing of Al-Mg-Si alloy
A kind of method, and in particular to silk material electric arc increasing material system of the Al-Mg-Si alloy assisted using cooling roll-in and mixing yoghurt
Make method.
Background technique
The silk material electric arc increases material manufacturing technology (Wire and Arc Additive Manufacture, WAAM) of metal is
Use gas metal-arc welding (GMAW), argon tungsten-arc welding (GTAW) or plasma arc welding (PAW) (PAW) for heat source, utilization is discrete,
Principle is accumulated, by the addition of metal wire material, under program control according to three-dimensional digital model by line-layer-by-layer built-up welding of face-body
The advanced manufacturing technology of 3-dimensional metal part out.With using laser and electron beam as the increases material manufacturing technology of heat source compared with, have with
Lower advantage: 1) deposition rate is high and silk material utilization rate is high, and manufacturing cost is low；2) material that can be high with forming laser reflectivity
(such as aluminium alloy)；3) manufacture part size is not limited by equipment moulding cylinder and vacuum-chamber dimensions, it is easy to accomplish large-size components
Manufacture.
Al-Mg-Si alloy belongs to heat-treatable strengthened middle strength aluminum alloy, have low-density, high corrosion-resistant, it is excellent at
The advantages that type performance is the ideal material for manufacturing bullet train, automobile, components in ship.Currently, these parts are usually adopted
It is manufactured with the method for forging, however, forging technology is complicated, the production cycle is long, and stock utilization is low, and drip molding moulding is poor,
Therefore high to forming efficiency, manufacturing cost is low, the flexible Al-Mg-Si alloy silk material electric arc increases material manufacturing technology of version into
Row research has important practical significance.The welding performance of material often determines its being applicable in increases material manufacturing technology field
Property, the better material of solderability is easier to carry out based on molten metal increasing material manufacturing, and the performance of the increasing material component of acquisition is also got over
It is excellent.Al-Mg-Si alloy component segregation in process of setting is serious, and fire check sensibility is high, when carrying out fusion welding, easily
There is the defects of component segregation, weld crack, stomata, therefore carries out the increasing material manufacturing pole based on fusing using Al-Mg-Si alloy
Tool challenge.J.H.Martin et al. carries out laser 3D printing using 6061 Al alloy powders containing Zr, prepares and has excellent performance
Increase material body (referring to J.H.Martin.3D printing of high-strength aluminium alloys.Nature,
2017,549 (7672): 365.).However, the electric arc increases material manufacturing technology in relation to Al-Mg-Si alloy silk material is not yet appeared in the newspapers at present
Road.Therefore, the electric arc increases material manufacturing technology of Al-Mg-Si alloy silk material is urgently broken through.
Mixing yoghurt (Friction Stir Processing, FSP) technology is to weld (Friction in agitating friction
Stir Welding, FSW) on the basis of grow up it is a kind of for Fine Texture of Material to be modified and the skill of new material preparation
Art.Its basic principle is similar to FSW, and high-speed rotating mixing needle is pressed into material internal, is made by the strong stirring of stirring-head
With making machined material that severe plastic deformation, mixing and breaking up occur, the densification of material microstructure, homogenization and thin are realized
Change, so as to improve the performance of material.Currently, FSP technology fine grain/super fine crystal material and surface/block composite material preparation,
The modification of heterogeneous material microstructure, workpiece differential hardening/defect mending etc. achieve good effect.Its advantage is specific
It shows the following aspects: (1) refining crystal grain, improve material property.During mixing yoghurt, in big strain+high temperature
Compound condition under, stirring area obtains the equi-axed crystal that uniformly refines by the way that dynamic recrystallization occurs, and then improves the power of material
Learn performance.(2) materials microstructure defect is eliminated, institutional framework uniformly, fine and close is obtained.Cast aluminium alloy gold is stirred and is rubbed
Processing is wiped, the coarse Second Phase Particle of casting alloy and aluminium dendrite are broken, and casting hole is made up, and matrix grain is refined,
The mechanical property of material, especially plasticity and fatigue behaviour be improved significantly.T.S.Mahmoud is using FSP technology to eutectic
A390 alusil alloy is modified, research shows that can reduce casting shrinkage porosite by FSP technology, is had to α-Al and Si particle
Apparent refining effect is (referring to T.S.Mahmoud, Surface modification of A390hypereutectic Al-
Si cast alloys using friction stir processing.Surface&Coatings Technology,
2013,228 (9): 209-220.).In addition, having been reported that display carries out FSP processing to the weld seam of joint made by flame welding, weld seam occurs dynamic
State recrystallization, can eliminate the dendritic segregation of weld seam, the welding defects such as stomata, fire check, to improve the overall performance of connector
(referring to G.K.Padhy.Friction stir based welding and processing technologies-
Processes, parameters, microstructures and applications:A review.Journal of
Materials Science&Technology, 2018,34 (9): 1-38.).(3) structure residual stress is reduced.FSP belongs to solid
State processing technology, heat input is low, and materials hot deformation and residual stress are small after working process.
To sum up, if combining interlayer mixing yoghurt modified during silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing, not only have
Conducive to the microstructure refinement increased inside material body, the defects of stomata and crackle can also be eliminated, obtain dense structure and chemistry at
Divide uniform institutional framework, while thermal deformation can also be reduced, reduce residual stress, improves the mechanical property for increasing material body.But benefit
When being modified with the method for mixing yoghurt to increasing material body, the mixing needle zone of action is limited, increases the metal of material body sidewall very
Difficulty is processed to, and side-wall metallic still retains cast sturcture's feature；In addition, front layer passes through the modified deposited metal of mixing yoghurt
In subsequent electric arc increasing material manufacturing or mixing yoghurt modifying process, microscopic structure by multiple heat ringing due to that can be occurred
Roughening causes to increase the decline of material body performance.
Summary of the invention
Of the existing technology in order to solve the problems, such as, the present invention provides a kind of Al-Mg-Si alloy silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing
Method, technical solution are as follows:
A kind of silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of Al-Mg-Si alloy the following steps are included:
Step 1, using three-dimensional drawing Software on Drawing part model, hierarchy slicing is carried out to part model using Slice Software
Processing, obtains hierarchy slicing data, carries out analogue simulation to hierarchy slicing data using simulation software and carries out to forming path
Optimization generates robot control routine, robot control routine is imported welding robot, using welding robot, prior
Al-Mg-Si alloy silk material electric arc is carried out on ready substrate and increases material forming, is co-deposited 2~4 layers, is formed plane SH wave metal,
And cooling rolling device is utilized to apply cooling roll-in, cooling in cooling nipping process to plane SH wave metal sidewall in forming process
The temperature of water is 5~25 DEG C, and the flow of cooling water is 500~2000L/h, the roll-in stress that plane SH wave metal is subject to is 40~
200MPa；
Step 2 carries out Milling Process to the side of plane SH wave metal and top surface；
Step 3 is stirred to rub and process using mixing yoghurt equipment to the plane SH wave metal after milling, and
Mixing yoghurt process applies cooling roll-in to plane SH wave metal sidewall using cooling rolling device, in cooling nipping process
The temperature of cooling water is 5~25 DEG C, and the flow of cooling water is 500~2000L/h, and the roll-in stress that plane SH wave metal is subject to is
50~400MPa；
Step 4 carries out finish-milling to plane SH wave metallic upper surface, keeps finished surface smooth, in case the electric arc of next step increases
Material forming；
Step 5, circulating repetition execute above step, until plane SH wave metal reaches preset shape and size, obtain
Increase material body；
The cooling rolling device includes roller, thermally conductive cylinder and thermally conductive outer ring, and thermally conductive outer ring rotating is assemblied in heating column
On the outer wall of body, thermally conductive cylinder offers inner cavity, and thermally conductive cylinder upper surface is provided with the cooling water inlet being connected to inner cavity, thermally conductive
Cylinder lower surface is provided with the cooling water outlet being connected to inner cavity, and roller is vertically securely fitted in thermally conductive cylinder upper surface
The heart, and the stirring-head synchronization action of the welding gun or mixing yoghurt equipment of roller and welding robot.
In step 1 electric arc increase material forming process used in welding current be 60~280A, weldingvoltage be 16.8~
25.0V, wire oscillation amplitude be 2.5~6.1mm, wire oscillation speed be 660~1500mm/min, forming speed be 150~
400mm/min, every layer of welding gun hoisting depth are 0.8~2.6mm.
It is 7~50mm that electric arc, which increases the width of the plane SH wave metal of material forming, in step 1.
Plane SH wave metal described in step 1 is obtained by single track plane SH wave or multiple tracks plane SH wave.
The milling amount of plane SH wave metal side is 0.1~0.5mm in step 2, and the milling amount of top surface is 0.3~2.2mm.
In step 3 the axonometer length of the stirring-head of mixing yoghurt equipment be greater than wash cut processing after plane SH wave metal
Highly, the shaft shoulder diameter of stirring-head be slightly less than wash cut processing after plane SH wave metal width.
Stirring-head shaft shoulder diameter used by mixing yoghurt equipment is 6~46mm, and mixing needle length is 2~5mm, is stirred
Mixing a revolving speed is 400~2000r/min, and travel speed is 100~450mm/min, and tilt angle is 1.5~3 °.
The Al-Mg-Si alloy silk material electric arc assisted the present invention provides a kind of cooling roll-in and mixing yoghurt increases material
Manufacturing method, during the electric arc of cooling roll-in auxiliary increases material forming Al-Mg-Si alloy, 2~4 layers of Al-Mg-Si of every deposition
After alloy, cooling roll-in is carried out to plane SH wave metal and mixing yoghurt is modified；
Here the electric arc for cooling down roll-in auxiliary increases material forming and refers to during electric arc layer by layer deposition Al-Mg-Si alloy,
Roll-in cooling is carried out to plane SH wave metal sidewall using cooling rolling device, helps to reduce deposition process to front layer metal
Heat affecting, secondly, the geometric dimension of rolling effect control plane SH wave metal can also be utilized；It is cooled down to deposited metal
In roll-in and mixing yoghurt modifying process, local type chamber is formed using rolling device and the stirring-head shaft shoulder, it is ensured that type chamber packet
The plane SH wave metal enclosed forms flawless forging tissue under the action of pressure roller and stirring-head, while the cooling dress on pressure roller
It sets and can avoid mixing yoghurt area and microstructure coarsening caused by overheating occurs for front layer metal.To obtain excellent more of tissue
Layer deposited metal, and then improve the mechanical property of plane SH wave metal.In addition, the dimensional accuracy of increasing material manufacturing part can also be improved
The poor problem with roughness.
Compared with the existing technology, the present invention is with the obvious advantage in terms of improving scantling precision and improving its roughness,
Al-Mg-Si alloy can be most importantly abolished completely to increase the dendritic growth in material forming process and refine crystal grain, effectively repaired
The defects of multiple stomata and crackle, while in the increasing material manufacturing of silk material electric arc and its modifying process, multilayer is prevented by applying cooling
Overheat and therefore caused microstructure roughening occur for deposited metal, greatly improve the mechanical property of plane SH wave metal, especially
It is plasticity and fatigue behaviour.In addition, cooling rolling device flexibility with higher of the invention, is applicable not only to straight wall structure
The silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing of part applies also for the silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing of curved-surface structure part.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the present invention carries out that electric arc increases material forming using cooling roll-in auxiliary；
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the cooling rolling device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the present invention carries out Milling Process to the side of plane SH wave metal and top surface；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that the present invention is stirred friction processing using cooling roll-in auxiliary.
Wherein: substrate 1；Plane SH wave metal 2；Cooling rolling device 3；Roller 31；Thermally conductive cylinder 32；Thermally conductive outer ring 33；
Inner cavity 34；Cooling water inlet 35；Cooling water outlet 36；Ball 37；Stirring-head 4；Welding gun 5；Milling cutter 6.
Specific embodiment
It is to be appreciated that the directional instruction (such as up, down, left, right, before and after ...) of institute is only used in the embodiment of the present invention
In explaining in relative positional relationship, the motion conditions etc. under a certain particular pose (as shown in the picture) between each component, if should
When particular pose changes, then directionality instruction also correspondingly changes correspondingly.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1 to 4, it present embodiments provides6061 aluminium alloy silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing straight walls
The method of wall, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 utilizes cooling roll-in auxiliary to carry out electric arc to increase material forming: using three-dimensional drawing Software on Drawing having a size of
300mm (length) × 100mm (height) × 11mm (width) straight wall wall model carries out hierarchy slicing to part model using Slice Software
Processing, obtains hierarchy slicing data, carries out analogue simulation to hierarchy slicing data using simulation software and carries out to forming path
Optimization generates robot control routine (or numerical control code), and robot control routine is imported welding robot, utilizes bonding machine
Device people, the electric arc for using MIG welding machine to generate carry out 6061 aluminium alloy silk material electricity for heat source on preprepared T-type substrate 1
Arc increases material forming, is co-deposited 2~4 layers, forms plane SH wave metal 2, and the width of the plane SH wave metal 2 of formation is 11mm, institute
The plane SH wave metal 2 stated is obtained by single track plane SH wave；It is 90A, weldering that electric arc, which increases welding current used in material forming process,
Connect voltage 18V, forming speed 232mm/min, every layer of welding gun hoisting depth 1.5mm, wire oscillation amplitude 2.75mm, welding wire pendulum
Dynamic speed 851mm/min.
Cooling roll-in is applied to 2 side wall of plane SH wave metal using cooling rolling device 3 in forming process simultaneously；Using cold
But rolling device 3 carries out roll-in cooling to 2 side wall of plane SH wave metal, helps to reduce deposition process to the hot shadow of front layer metal
It rings, secondly, the geometric dimension of plane SH wave metal 2 can also be controlled using rolling effect, cooling water in cooling nipping process
Temperature is 10 DEG C, and the flow of cooling water is 1500L/h, and the roll-in stress that plane SH wave metal is subject to is 50MPa.
Step 2 carries out Milling Process to the side of plane SH wave metal 2 and top surface using the milling cutter 6 of milling robot；One
On the other hand aspect can provide flat to control the dimensional accuracy of plane SH wave metal 2 for subsequent mixing yoghurt process
Whole surface, prevents the generation of mixing yoghurt defect, and the milling amount of 2 two sides of plane SH wave metal is 0.2mm, the milling of top surface
The amount of cutting is 1.5mm, sets milling amount, the techniques such as feed speed ginseng according to final part size permissible accuracy in milling process
Number；
Step 3 is stirred friction processing to the plane SH wave metal 2 after milling using mixing yoghurt equipment, stirs
The axonometer length for mixing the stirring-head 4 of friction process equipment be greater than wash cut processing after plane SH wave metal 2 height, agitating friction adds
The shaft shoulder diameter of the stirring-head 4 of construction equipment be slightly less than wash cut processing after plane SH wave metal 2 width, in this way can be utmostly
The microstructure of plane SH wave metal 2 is refined, defect is eliminated, specifically, 4 shaft shoulder diameter of stirring-head is 10.5mm, mixing needle is long
Degree is 5mm, and 4 revolving speed of stirring-head is 1000r/min, and travel speed 120mm/min, 4 inclination angle of stirring-head is 2.5 °；
Chill roll is applied to 2 side wall of plane SH wave metal using cooling rolling device 3 in mixing yoghurt process simultaneously
Pressure；Utilize rolling device and 4 shaft shoulder of stirring-head to form local type chamber, it is ensured that the plane SH wave metal 2 that type chamber surrounds in roll-in and
Flawless forging tissue is formed under the action of stirring-head 4, while the cooling water being passed through in cooling rolling device 3 can avoid stirring again
It mixes friction processing district and thousand layers of metal occurs overheat and lead to microstructure coarsening, the temperature of cooling water is 10 DEG C in cooling nipping process,
The flow of cooling water is 1500L/h, and the roll-in stress that plane SH wave metal is subject to is 100MPa.
Step 4 carries out finish-milling to 2 upper surface of plane SH wave metal using the milling cutter 6 of milling robot or milling machine
0.3mm keeps finished surface smooth, in case the electric arc of next step increases material forming；
Step 5, circulating repetition execute above step, until plane SH wave metal 2 reaches preset shape and size, obtain
Increase material body.
The cooling rolling device 3 includes roller 31, thermally conductive cylinder 32 and thermally conductive outer ring 33, and thermally conductive outer ring 33 passes through ball
For 37 rolling assemblings on the outer wall of thermally conductive cylinder 32, thermally conductive cylinder 32 offers inner cavity 34, and thermally conductive 32 upper surface of cylinder is provided with
The cooling water inlet 35 being connected to inner cavity 34, thermally conductive 32 lower surface of cylinder are provided with the cooling water outlet 36 being connected to inner cavity 34,
Roller 31 is vertically securely fitted in the center of thermally conductive 32 upper surface of cylinder, and the welding gun 5 or stirring of roller 31 and welding robot
4 synchronization action of stirring-head of friction process equipment.
Thermally conductive cylinder 32 and thermally conductive outer ring 33 can be used thermally conductive preferable metal material and be made.
It is made of by the regional organization that mixing yoghurt is handled tiny equi-axed crystal, and eliminates common silk material electric arc
During increasing material manufacturing the defects of stomata easy to form, hole and liquation crack, the mechanical property of formed body is improved.Table
1 increases material forming for cooling roll-in and mixing yoghurt assistant electric arc is respectively adopted, conventional arc increases material and shapes and be forged into
The mechanical property correlation data of the aluminium alloy thin-walled wall of shape 6061.
Table 1
Embodiment 2
It present embodiments provides6082 aluminium alloy silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing straight wall walls method, including with
Lower step:
Step 1 utilizes cooling roll-in auxiliary to carry out electric arc to increase material forming: using three-dimensional drawing Software on Drawing having a size of
350mm (length) × 100mm (height) × 42mm (width) straight wall wall model carries out hierarchy slicing to part model using Slice Software
Processing, obtains hierarchy slicing data, carries out analogue simulation to hierarchy slicing data using simulation software and carries out to forming path
Optimization generates robot control routine (or numerical control code), and robot control routine is imported welding robot, utilizes bonding machine
Device people, the electric arc for using MIG welding machine to generate carry out 6082 aluminium alloy silk material electricity for heat source on preprepared T-type substrate 1
Arc increases material forming, forms plane SH wave metal 2, is co-deposited 2 layers, the width of the plane SH wave metal 2 of formation is 42mm, described
Plane SH wave metal is obtained by multiple tracks plane SH wave；It is 200A, welding electricity that electric arc, which increases welding current used in material forming process,
Press 23.8V, forming speed 232mm/min, hoisting depth 1.5mm, wire oscillation amplitude 3mm, swing speed 980mm/min.
Cooling roll-in is applied to 2 side wall of plane SH wave metal using cooling rolling device 3 in forming process simultaneously；Using cold
But rolling device 3 carries out roll-in cooling to 2 side wall of plane SH wave metal, helps to reduce deposition process to the hot shadow of front layer metal
It rings, secondly, the geometric dimension of plane SH wave metal 2 can also be controlled using rolling effect, cooling water in cooling nipping process
Temperature is 10 DEG C, and the flow of cooling water is 1500L/h, and the roll-in stress that plane SH wave metal is subject to is 150MPa.
Step 2 carries out Milling Process to the side of plane SH wave metal 2 and top surface using the milling cutter 6 of milling robot；One
On the other hand aspect can provide flat to control the dimensional accuracy of plane SH wave metal 2 for subsequent mixing yoghurt process
Whole surface, prevents the generation of mixing yoghurt defect, and the milling amount of 2 two sides of plane SH wave metal is 0.3mm, the milling of top surface
The amount of cutting is 2.2mm, sets milling amount, the techniques such as feed speed ginseng according to final part size permissible accuracy in milling process
Number；
Step 3 is stirred friction processing to plane SH wave metal 2 using mixing yoghurt equipment, and agitating friction adds
The axonometer length of the stirring-head 4 of construction equipment be greater than wash cut processing after plane SH wave metal 2 height, mixing yoghurt equipment stirs
Mix first 4 shaft shoulder diameter be slightly less than wash cut processing after plane SH wave metal 2 width, it is heavy can utmostly to refine multilayer in this way
The microstructure of product metal 2, eliminates defect, specifically, 4 shaft shoulder diameter of stirring-head is 40mm, mixing needle length is 5mm, stirring
First 4 revolving speed is 800r/min, and travel speed 120mm/min, 4 inclination angle of stirring-head is 2.5 °；
Chill roll is applied to 2 side wall of plane SH wave metal using cooling rolling device 3 in mixing yoghurt process simultaneously
Pressure；Utilize rolling device and 4 shaft shoulder of stirring-head to form local type chamber, it is ensured that the plane SH wave metal 2 that type chamber surrounds in roll-in and
Flawless forging tissue is formed under the action of stirring-head 4, while the cooling water being passed through in cooling rolling device 3 can avoid stirring again
It mixes friction processing district and thousand layers of metal occurs overheat and lead to microstructure coarsening, the temperature of cooling water is 10 DEG C in cooling nipping process,
The flow of cooling water is 1500L/h, and the roll-in stress that plane SH wave metal is subject to is 300MPa.
Step 4 carries out finish-milling to 2 upper surface of plane SH wave metal using the milling cutter 6 of milling robot or milling machine
0.5mm keeps finished surface smooth, in case the electric arc of next step increases material forming.
Step 5, circulating repetition execute above step, until plane SH wave metal 2 reaches preset shape and size.
The cooling rolling device 3 includes roller 31, thermally conductive cylinder 32 and thermally conductive outer ring 33, and thermally conductive outer ring 33 passes through ball
For 37 rolling assemblings on the outer wall of thermally conductive cylinder 32, thermally conductive cylinder 32 offers inner cavity 34, and thermally conductive 32 upper surface of cylinder is provided with
The cooling water inlet 35 being connected to inner cavity 34, thermally conductive 32 lower surface of cylinder are provided with the cooling water outlet 36 being connected to inner cavity 34,
Roller 31 is vertically securely fitted in the center of thermally conductive 32 upper surface of cylinder, and the welding gun 5 or stirring of roller 31 and welding robot
4 synchronization action of stirring-head of friction process equipment.
Thermally conductive cylinder 32 and thermally conductive outer ring 33 can be used thermally conductive preferable metal material and be made.
Regional organization by cooling roll-in and mixing yoghurt processing is made of tiny equi-axed crystal, and eliminates general
The defects of stomata easy to form during harness cord material electric arc increasing material manufacturing, hole and liquation crack, improve formed body
Mechanical property.Table 2 is that cooling roll-in and the forming of mixing yoghurt assistant electric arc increasing material, conventional arc increasing material forming is respectively adopted
And the mechanical property correlation data of the aluminium alloy thin-walled wall of forging and molding 6082.
Table 2
Embodiment 3
It present embodiments provides6061 aluminium alloy silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing straight wall walls method, including with
Lower step:
Step 1 utilizes cooling roll-in auxiliary to carry out electric arc to increase material forming: using three-dimensional drawing Software on Drawing having a size of
350mm (length) × 100mm (height) × 7mm (width) straight wall wall model carries out hierarchy slicing to part model using Slice Software
Processing, obtains hierarchy slicing data, carries out analogue simulation to hierarchy slicing data using simulation software and carries out to forming path
Optimization generates robot control routine (or numerical control code), and robot control routine is imported welding robot, utilizes bonding machine
Device people, the electric arc for using MIG welding machine to generate carry out 6061 aluminium alloy silk material electricity for heat source on preprepared T-type substrate 1
Arc increases material forming, is co-deposited 2~4 layers, forms plane SH wave metal 2, the width of the plane SH wave metal 2 of formation is 7mm, described
Plane SH wave metal 2 obtained by single track plane SH wave；It is 60A, welding that electric arc, which increases welding current used in material forming process,
Voltage 16.8V, forming speed 150mm/min, every layer of welding gun hoisting depth 0.8mm, wire oscillation amplitude 2.5mm, welding wire pendulum
Dynamic speed 660mm/min.
Cooling roll-in is applied to 2 side wall of plane SH wave metal using cooling rolling device 3 in forming process simultaneously；Using cold
But rolling device 3 carries out roll-in cooling to 2 side wall of plane SH wave metal, helps to reduce deposition process to the hot shadow of front layer metal
It rings, secondly, the geometric dimension of plane SH wave metal 2 can also be controlled using rolling effect, cooling water in cooling nipping process
Temperature is 25 DEG C, and the flow of cooling water is 2000L/h, and the roll-in stress that plane SH wave metal is subject to is 60MPa.
Step 2 carries out Milling Process to the side of plane SH wave metal 2 and top surface using the milling cutter 6 of milling robot；One
On the other hand aspect can provide flat to control the dimensional accuracy of plane SH wave metal 2 for subsequent mixing yoghurt process
Whole surface, prevents the generation of mixing yoghurt defect, and the milling amount of 2 two sides of plane SH wave metal is 0.3mm, the milling of top surface
The amount of cutting is 0.5mm, sets milling amount, the techniques such as feed speed ginseng according to final part size permissible accuracy in milling process
Number；
Step 3 is stirred friction processing to the plane SH wave metal 2 after milling using mixing yoghurt equipment, stirs
The axonometer length for mixing the stirring-head 4 of friction process equipment be greater than wash cut processing after plane SH wave metal 2 height, agitating friction adds
The shaft shoulder diameter of the stirring-head 4 of construction equipment be slightly less than wash cut processing after plane SH wave metal 2 width, in this way can be utmostly
The microstructure of plane SH wave metal 2 is refined, defect is eliminated, specifically, 4 shaft shoulder diameter of stirring-head is 6mm, mixing needle length is
3mm, 4 revolving speed of stirring-head are 2000r/min, and travel speed 450mm/min, 4 inclination angle of stirring-head is 1.5 °；
Chill roll is applied to 2 side wall of plane SH wave metal using cooling rolling device 3 in mixing yoghurt process simultaneously
Pressure；Utilize rolling device and 4 shaft shoulder of stirring-head to form local type chamber, it is ensured that the plane SH wave metal 2 that type chamber surrounds in roll-in and
Flawless forging tissue is formed under the action of stirring-head 4, while the cooling water being passed through in cooling rolling device 3 can avoid stirring again
It mixes friction processing district and thousand layers of metal occurs overheat and lead to microstructure coarsening, the temperature of cooling water is 5 DEG C in cooling nipping process, cold
But the flow of water is 500L/h, and the roll-in stress that plane SH wave metal is subject to is 150MPa.
Step 4 carries out finish-milling to 2 upper surface of plane SH wave metal using the milling cutter 6 of milling robot or milling machine
0.3mm keeps finished surface smooth, in case the electric arc of next step increases material forming；
Step 5, circulating repetition execute above step, until plane SH wave metal 2 reaches preset shape and size, obtain
Increase material body.
The cooling rolling device 3 includes roller 31, thermally conductive cylinder 32 and thermally conductive outer ring 33, and thermally conductive outer ring 33 passes through ball
For 37 rolling assemblings on the outer wall of thermally conductive cylinder 32, thermally conductive cylinder 32 offers inner cavity 34, and thermally conductive 32 upper surface of cylinder is provided with
The cooling water inlet 35 being connected to inner cavity 34, thermally conductive 32 lower surface of cylinder are provided with the cooling water outlet 36 being connected to inner cavity 34,
Roller 31 is vertically securely fitted in the center of thermally conductive 32 upper surface of cylinder, and the welding gun 5 or stirring of roller 31 and welding robot
4 synchronization action of stirring-head of friction process equipment.
Thermally conductive cylinder 32 and thermally conductive outer ring 33 can be used thermally conductive preferable metal material and be made.
Embodiment 4
It present embodiments provides6082 aluminium alloy silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing straight wall walls method, including with
Lower step:
Step 1 utilizes cooling roll-in auxiliary to carry out electric arc to increase material forming: using three-dimensional drawing Software on Drawing having a size of
350mm (length) × 100mm (height) × 50mm (width) straight wall wall model carries out hierarchy slicing to part model using Slice Software
Processing, obtains hierarchy slicing data, carries out analogue simulation to hierarchy slicing data using simulation software and carries out to forming path
Optimization generates robot control routine (or numerical control code), and robot control routine is imported welding robot, utilizes bonding machine
Device people, the electric arc for using MIG welding machine to generate carry out 6082 aluminium alloy silk material electricity for heat source on preprepared T-type substrate 1
Arc increases material forming, forms plane SH wave metal 2, is co-deposited 2 layers, the width of the plane SH wave metal 2 of formation is 50mm, described
Plane SH wave metal is obtained by multiple tracks plane SH wave；It is 280A, welding electricity that electric arc, which increases welding current used in material forming process,
Press 25.0V, forming speed 400mm/min, hoisting depth 2.5mm, wire oscillation amplitude 6mm, swing speed 600mm/min.
Cooling roll-in is applied to 2 side wall of plane SH wave metal using cooling rolling device 3 in forming process simultaneously；Using cold
But rolling device 3 carries out roll-in cooling to 2 side wall of plane SH wave metal, helps to reduce deposition process to the hot shadow of front layer metal
It rings, secondly, the geometric dimension of plane SH wave metal 2 can also be controlled using rolling effect, cooling water in cooling nipping process
Temperature is 10 DEG C, and the flow of cooling water is 1500L/h, and the roll-in stress that plane SH wave metal is subject to is 200MPa.
Step 2 carries out Milling Process to the side of plane SH wave metal 2 and top surface using the milling cutter 6 of milling robot；One
On the other hand aspect can provide flat to control the dimensional accuracy of plane SH wave metal 2 for subsequent mixing yoghurt process
Whole surface, prevents the generation of mixing yoghurt defect, and the milling amount of 2 two sides of plane SH wave metal is 0.5mm, the milling of top surface
The amount of cutting is 2mm, sets milling amount, the technological parameters such as feed speed according to final part size permissible accuracy in milling process；
Step 3 is stirred friction processing to plane SH wave metal 2 using mixing yoghurt equipment, and agitating friction adds
The axonometer length of the stirring-head 4 of construction equipment be greater than wash cut processing after plane SH wave metal 2 height, mixing yoghurt equipment stirs
Mix first 4 shaft shoulder diameter be slightly less than wash cut processing after plane SH wave metal 2 width, it is heavy can utmostly to refine multilayer in this way
The microstructure of product metal 2, eliminates defect, specifically, 4 shaft shoulder diameter of stirring-head is 46mm, mixing needle length is 5mm, stirring
First 4 revolving speed is 800r/min, and travel speed 100mm/min, 4 inclination angle of stirring-head is 3 °；
Chill roll is applied to 2 side wall of plane SH wave metal using cooling rolling device 3 in mixing yoghurt process simultaneously
Pressure；Utilize rolling device and 4 shaft shoulder of stirring-head to form local type chamber, it is ensured that the plane SH wave metal 2 that type chamber surrounds in roll-in and
Flawless forging tissue is formed under the action of stirring-head 4, while the cooling water being passed through in cooling rolling device 3 can avoid stirring again
It mixes friction processing district and thousand layers of metal occurs overheat and lead to microstructure coarsening, the temperature of cooling water is 10 DEG C in cooling nipping process,
The flow of cooling water is 1500L/h, and the roll-in stress that plane SH wave metal is subject to is 400MPa.
Step 4 carries out finish-milling to 2 upper surface of plane SH wave metal using the milling cutter 6 of milling robot or milling machine
0.5mm keeps finished surface smooth, in case the electric arc of next step increases material forming.
Step 5, circulating repetition execute above step, until plane SH wave metal 2 reaches preset shape and size.
The cooling rolling device 3 includes roller 31, thermally conductive cylinder 32 and thermally conductive outer ring 33, and thermally conductive outer ring 33 passes through ball
For 37 rolling assemblings on the outer wall of thermally conductive cylinder 32, thermally conductive cylinder 32 offers inner cavity 34, and thermally conductive 32 upper surface of cylinder is provided with
The cooling water inlet 35 being connected to inner cavity 34, thermally conductive 32 lower surface of cylinder are provided with the cooling water outlet 36 being connected to inner cavity 34,
Roller 31 is vertically securely fitted in the center of thermally conductive 32 upper surface of cylinder, and the welding gun 5 or stirring of roller 31 and welding robot
4 synchronization action of stirring-head of friction process equipment.
Thermally conductive cylinder 32 and thermally conductive outer ring 33 can be used thermally conductive preferable metal material and be made.
Excellent place of the invention is, in the increasing material manufacturing of silk material electric arc and its agitating friction modifying process, by cold
But rolling device, which applies cooling, prevents plane SH wave metal from overheat and therefore caused microstructure roughening occurs, and greatly improves more
The mechanical property of layer deposited metal, while the mesh for controlling plane SH wave metal geometric dimension is realized by cooling rolling device
's.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof, although referring to above-described embodiment pair
The present invention is described in detail, and the those of ordinary skill in field it is understood that as described above, given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments
Plan content out can derive similar technical method.It is heat source for generating electric arc using MIG, TIG or PAW welding machine,
Using different-diameter, the Al-Mg-Si alloy silk material of different-alloy constituent content is filling metal, carries out the process for increasing material forming
In can use interlayer cooling roll-in and mixing yoghurt method to eliminate the stomata of deposited metal, liquefaction mutually and crackle etc.
Defect, and thinning microstructure, it is to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention any simply to repair so as to improve performance
Change, equivalent variations and modification, all of which are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of Al-Mg-Si alloy, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, using three-dimensional drawing Software on Drawing part model, part model is carried out at hierarchy slicing using Slice Software
Reason, obtains hierarchy slicing data, carries out analogue simulation to hierarchy slicing data using simulation software, generates robot and control generation
Robot control routine is imported welding robot and carries out Al- on preprepared substrate using welding robot by code
Mg-Si alloy wire electric arc increases material forming, is co-deposited 2~4 layers, forms plane SH wave metal, and utilize and cool down in forming process
Rolling device applies cooling roll-in to plane SH wave metal sidewall, and the temperature of cooling water is 5~25 DEG C in cooling nipping process, cold
But the flow of water is 500~2000L/h, and the roll-in stress that plane SH wave metal is subject to is 40~200MPa；
Step 2 carries out Milling Process to the side of plane SH wave metal and top surface；
Step 3 is stirred friction processing to the plane SH wave metal after milling using mixing yoghurt equipment, and is stirring
The process that rubs utilizes cooling rolling device to apply cooling roll-in, cooling in cooling nipping process to plane SH wave metal sidewall
The temperature of water is 5~25 DEG C, and the flow of cooling water is 500~2000L/h, the roll-in stress that plane SH wave metal is subject to is 50~
400MPa；
Step 4, to plane SH wave metallic upper surface carry out finish-milling, keep finished surface smooth, in case next step electric arc increase material at
Shape；
Step 5, circulating repetition execute above step, until plane SH wave metal reaches preset shape and size, obtain increasing material
Body；
The cooling rolling device includes roller, thermally conductive cylinder and thermally conductive outer ring, and thermally conductive outer ring rotating is assemblied in thermally conductive cylinder
On outer wall, thermally conductive cylinder offers inner cavity, and thermally conductive cylinder upper surface is provided with the cooling water inlet being connected to inner cavity, thermally conductive cylinder
Lower surface is provided with the cooling water outlet being connected to inner cavity, and roller is vertically securely fitted in the center of thermally conductive cylinder upper surface, and
The stirring-head synchronization action of the welding gun or mixing yoghurt equipment of roller and welding robot.
2. a kind of silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
In rapid 3 the axonometer length of the stirring-head of mixing yoghurt equipment be greater than wash cut processing after plane SH wave metal height, stirring
Head shaft shoulder diameter be slightly less than wash cut processing after plane SH wave metal width.
3. a kind of silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The width for stating the plane SH wave metal that electric arc in step 1 increases material forming is 7~50mm.
4. a kind of silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Plane SH wave metal described in rapid 1 is obtained by single track plane SH wave or multiple tracks plane SH wave.
5. a kind of silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
It is 60~280A that electric arc, which increases welding current used in material forming process, in rapid 1, and weldingvoltage is 16.8~25.0V, welding wire pendulum
Dynamic amplitude is 2.5~6.1mm, and wire oscillation speed is 660~1500mm/min, and forming speed is 150~400mm/min, often
Layer welding gun hoisting depth is 0.8~2.6mm.
6. a kind of silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
The milling amount of plane SH wave metal side is 0.1~0.5mm in rapid 2, and the milling amount of top surface is 0.3~2.2mm.
7. a kind of silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of Al-Mg-Si alloy according to claim 2, which is characterized in that stir
Mixing stirring-head shaft shoulder diameter used by friction process equipment is 6~46mm, and mixing needle length is 2~5mm, and stirring-head revolving speed is
400~2000r/min, travel speed are 100~450mm/min, and tilt angle is 1.5~3 °.
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