CN109798793B - Heat pipe device for deep heat transfer of coal gangue hill - Google Patents
Heat pipe device for deep heat transfer of coal gangue hill Download PDFInfo
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- CN109798793B CN109798793B CN201811586026.3A CN201811586026A CN109798793B CN 109798793 B CN109798793 B CN 109798793B CN 201811586026 A CN201811586026 A CN 201811586026A CN 109798793 B CN109798793 B CN 109798793B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat pipe device for deep heat transfer of a coal gangue hill, which is applied to the technical field of spontaneous combustion prevention and treatment of the coal gangue hill and comprises a pipe body with two closed ends, wherein the upper end of the pipe body is connected in a sealing way by a coupling, the lower end of the pipe body is connected in a sealing way by a drill bit, an evaporation section, a heat insulation section and a condensation section are sequentially arranged in the pipe body from bottom to top, a heat absorption medium is arranged in the evaporation section of the pipe body, the capacity of the heat absorption medium is 35-40% of the capacity of the whole pipe body, and spiral ribs are arranged on the outer wall of the evaporation section.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spontaneous combustion prevention and control of coal gangue mountain, in particular to a heat pipe device for deep heat transfer of coal gangue mountain.
Background
China is the country with the largest coal yield. Gangue is an associated product in coal production, and along with the increase of coal mining intensity, the gangue yield is increased. After the coal is washed and selected, the coal gangue is separated, wherein a very small part of the coal gangue is used as a building material or is reused underground as a backfill material, and a great part of the coal gangue is piled on a coal gangue hill, so that the problem of spontaneous combustion exists in long-term piling.
The spontaneous combustion of the gangue releases a large amount of harmful gases such as SO 2,CO2,CO,H2 S and the like, SO that the surrounding environment is seriously polluted, in addition, disaster accidents such as collapse, explosion and the like can also occur in the spontaneous combustion of the gangue, and the spontaneous combustion of the gangue is extremely harmful and needs to be solved urgently.
At present, the country mainly starts from two aspects of cooling and air isolation, adopts methods of deep grouting fire extinguishment, partial digging and cooling, deep injection of inert gas and the like to prevent spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue hill, has obvious effect, but has the limitations of small application range, easy re-combustion, high cost, troublesome construction and the like.
In recent years, the application and research of heat pipes in China are more and more widespread, and data show that the temperature of gangue hill at 4-6 m away from the ground is 200-400 ℃, the temperature of most areas is about 200 ℃, and the temperature of small areas is 350-400 ℃. According to the temperature distribution condition of the gangue hill and the characteristic analysis of the heat pipe, the heat pipe technology is suitable for reducing the temperature of the gangue hill to about 80 ℃ and avoiding spontaneous combustion of the gangue hill.
The traditional process is to drill holes on the coal gangue hill firstly, then, the heat pipe is placed in the drilled holes, so that a large amount of air is brought into the coal gangue in the process of placing the heat pipe in the drilled holes, and the large amount of air is mixed with the high-temperature coal gangue, so that conditions are created for spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue, and the implementation process of the method has fatal defects, so that a new scheme needs to be developed urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the heat pipe device for deep heat transfer of the coal gangue hill, which can deeply extract the heat in the coal gangue hill by utilizing the technical principle of the heat pipe, reduce the temperature below the ignition point, thoroughly solve the problem of spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue hill and reduce the harm caused by spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue hill.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention comprises a tube body with two closed ends, wherein the upper end of the tube body is in closed connection by a coupling, the lower end of the tube body is in closed connection by a drill bit, an evaporation section, a heat insulation section and a condensation section are sequentially arranged in the tube body from bottom to top, a heat absorption medium is arranged in the evaporation section of the tube body, the capacity of the heat absorption medium is 35-40% of the capacity of the whole tube body, and spiral ribs are arranged on the outer wall of the evaporation section.
The invention further improves that: the connecting pipe is internally provided with a safety valve and a ball valve which are communicated with the pipe body, and a through hole communicated with the atmosphere is formed in the bottom of the connecting pipe above the safety valve and the ball valve.
The invention further improves that: the outer wall of the condensing section is provided with fins with a heat dissipation enhancing function.
The invention further improves that: the outer wall of the condensing section is movably and closely connected with a circular sleeve, the lower end of the sleeve is provided with a water inlet, the water inlet is connected with a water inlet valve, the upper end of the sleeve is provided with a water outlet, and fins on the outer wall of the condensing section are arranged in circulating water arranged in the sleeve.
The invention further improves that: the rib is provided with a groove, a temperature sensor is arranged in the groove, the output end of the temperature sensor is electrically connected with the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is electrically connected with the water inlet valve.
The invention further improves that: the heat absorption medium in the tube body is high-purity water, the pressure in the tube body is smaller than the standard atmospheric pressure, and the vaporization temperature of the high-purity water is not higher than 50 ℃.
The invention further improves that: the pressure in the tube body is 0.012MPa.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
The invention has simple structure, no pollution and high heat transfer efficiency, and has strong practicability, the evaporation section of the heat pipe is buried in the coal gangue by utilizing the technical principle of heat transfer of the heat pipe, the evaporation section of the heat pipe absorbs the heat of the coal gangue, the medium in the pipe is changed from a liquid state to a gaseous state, the medium in the pipe rises into the condensation section, circulating water is introduced around the condensation section, the circulating water absorbs the heat released by the condensation section, the medium in the pipe is changed from the gaseous state to the liquid state, and flows back to the evaporation section under the action of gravity to continuously absorb the heat of the coal gangue, so that the heat in the coal gangue is continuously transferred to the outside, the temperature of the coal gangue is reduced below the ignition point, and the problem of spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue is effectively solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the temperature control operation of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, the drill bit; 2. a temperature sensor; 3. an evaporation section; 4. ribs; 5. an insulation section; 6. a water inlet valve; 7. a water inlet; 8. a condensing section; 9. a fin; 10. a sleeve; 11. a coupling; 12. a water outlet; 13. a tube body; 14. a connecting pipe; 15. a ball valve; 16. a safety valve; 17. a through hole; 18. and a controller.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
A heat pipe device for deep heat transfer of coal gangue mountain is a heat transfer element with extremely high heat conduction performance, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, and the heat transfer process of the heat pipe is a process that a medium absorbs heat in a heat pipe evaporation section 3 and emits heat in a heat pipe condensation section 8 by evaporating and condensing liquid in a fully-closed vacuum pipe. The deep heat transfer of the heat pipe is to transfer accumulated heat in the gangue hill by utilizing a medium in the heat pipe, reduce the temperature of the gangue below a firing point and prevent the spontaneous combustion of the gangue hill.
As shown in fig. 1, the coal gangue self-combustion device comprises a pipe body 13 with two closed ends, wherein the upper end of the pipe body 13 is in closed connection by a shaft connector 11, and the lower end of the pipe body 13 is in closed connection by a drill bit 1, so that when the pipe body 13 is pressed into coal gangue, the shaft connector 11 is only required to be connected with a power shaft of a drilling machine, and under the action of the drilling machine, the drill bit 1 drives the whole pipe body 13 to be pressed into the coal gangue so as to reduce the temperature of the coal gangue and prevent the coal gangue from self-combustion, and more importantly, the air with the combustion-supporting effect brought in the process of opening holes and discharging the pipe body 13 by the traditional method is effectively avoided, and the self-combustion of the coal gangue is thoroughly solved.
The coupling 11 is connected with the pipe body 13 through a connecting pipe 14, a safety valve 16 communicated with the pipe body 13 is arranged in the connecting pipe 14, the safety valve 16 is an automatic valve, when the steam pressure in the pipe body 13 is larger than a specified value, the safety valve 16 is automatically opened to exhaust outwards, the exhausted steam is discharged to the atmosphere through a through hole 17, and the through hole 17 is formed in the bottom of the coupling 11 above the safety valve 16 and the ball valve 15 and is communicated with the atmosphere. The connecting pipe 14 is also internally provided with a ball valve 15 communicated with the pipe body 13, air is extracted from the pipe body 13 through the ball valve 15, so that the pipe body 13 is in a negative pressure environment, a liquid heat absorption medium is sucked into the pipe body 13 under the action of pressure difference, and then the ball valve 15 is closed. The connection pipe 14 not only has the function of connecting the connector 11 and the pipe body 13, but also has the function of protecting the safety valve 16 and the ball valve 15 arranged in the connection pipe 14.
The inside from bottom to top of body 13 is equipped with evaporation zone 3, adiabatic section 5 and condensation segment 8 in proper order, the total length of body 13 is 7.5 meters, and the external diameter is about 63 millimeters, and the internal diameter is about 50 millimeters, and the length of evaporation zone 3 is 4.5 meters, and the length of condensation segment is 2 meters, and the length of adiabatic section is 1 meter. The outer wall of the evaporation section 3 is provided with the spiral ribs 4, so that the outer side pipe wall of the evaporation section 3 forms drill pipe threads, the evaporation section 3 at the lower part of the pipe body 13 is favorably pressed into the coal gangue under the drive of the bottom drill bit 1, the air which plays a combustion supporting role is effectively prevented from being mixed in the drilling process of the evaporation section 3, and the probability of spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue is reduced.
The heat absorption medium is arranged in the pipe body 13 and is arranged in the evaporation section 3 of the pipe body 13, the heat absorption medium is high-purity water, and the water capacity is 35-40% of the whole pipe body 13. After the evaporation section 3 is buried into the gangue, the high-purity water in the evaporation section 3 absorbs heat of surrounding high-temperature gangue, the water temperature in the evaporation section 3 is increased from liquid to gas, the water temperature in the pipe body 13 is increased to the condensation section 8, the ambient temperature at the condensation section 8 is far lower than the temperature of steam, the heat released by the gaseous medium at the condensation section 8 is adhered to the inner wall of the pipe body 13 in liquid state, and the heat is returned to the evaporation section 3 under the action of gravity to continuously absorb the heat of the gangue, so that the heat in the gangue is continuously transferred to the outside, and finally the heat in the gangue is transferred, thereby achieving the aim of reducing the temperature of the gangue, and effectively avoiding spontaneous combustion of the gangue.
In order to ensure the cooling effect of the condensation section 8, the outer wall of the condensation section 8 is provided with fins 9 with the function of enhancing heat dissipation, so that the heat exchange area can be increased, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved. When the heat quantity to be removed in the initial stage of heat transfer of the heat pipe is more, an annular sleeve 10 is connected to the outer wall of the condensation section 8, medium circulating water with heat absorption and cooling functions is arranged in the sleeve 10, a water inlet 7 is arranged at the lower end of the sleeve 10, the water inlet 7 is connected with a water inlet valve 6, the flow speed of water flow in the sleeve 10 is controlled through the opening degree of the water inlet valve 6, the requirement of heat absorption of the condensation section 8 for reducing the medium temperature is met, a water outlet 12 is arranged at the upper end of the sleeve 10, and the heat quantity discharged by the condensation section 8 of the heat pipe is taken away by the cooling water entering and exiting from the upper part. The water outlet 12 can be connected with a heating user to meet the heating requirement of the user. Therefore, on one hand, the temperature of the gangue hill is reduced, the harm caused by spontaneous combustion of the gangue hill is avoided, on the other hand, the heat released by the gangue hill is reasonably utilized through heat transfer, and the heat transfer process is energy-saving, environment-friendly, economical and practical and is necessary to be promoted greatly.
Fins 9 on the outer wall of the condensing section 8 are arranged in circulating water arranged in a sleeve 10. When the initial temperature is higher, the flow rate of circulating water in the sleeve 10 is increased to reduce the heat at the condensing section 8, if the heat dissipation capacity is too large, the heat can be further dissipated in a mode of other additional heat dissipation devices, when the heat pipe works for a period of time and the heat required to be dissipated is reduced, the flow rate of the circulating water in the sleeve 10 on the outer wall of the condensing section 8 can be reduced, the sleeve 10 can be directly removed, and the heat is dissipated into the atmosphere in a natural ventilation mode through the outer wall of the condensing section 8 and the fins 9 arranged on the outer wall. The natural convection heat exchange between the air and the heat pipe is utilized, excessive manpower and material resource consumption is not needed, the temperature of the coal gangue hill can be reduced, and the problem of spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue hill is effectively solved.
In order to accurately control the cooling effect of the heat pipe, grooves are formed in the positions of ribs 4 arranged on the outer wall of the evaporation section 3, temperature sensors 2 are arranged in the grooves, and the temperature sensors 2 are arranged in the grooves, so that the temperature sensors 2 can be effectively prevented from being damaged in the drilling process of the pipe body 13. The temperature sensor 2 is a thermocouple, a thermal resistor and the like, and a thermocouple is arranged at each interval of one meter at the rib 4 of the evaporation section 3, so that the instant temperature of the coal gangue can be measured in real time, the cooling condition of the heat pipe can be mastered, and the temperature of the coal gangue around the heat pipe can be monitored in real time, so that better cooling measures can be taken.
As shown in fig. 2, the output end of the temperature sensor 2 is electrically connected with the input end of the controller 18, and the output end of the controller 18 is electrically connected with the water inlet valve 6. When the measured initial temperature is higher, the controller 18 can control the opening of the water inlet valve 6 to be larger so as to increase the flow rate of the medium water in the sleeve 10, so that the heat released by the condensing section 8 is reduced at the maximum speed, and when the measured temperature of the evaporating section 3 is lower, the controller 18 controls the opening of the water inlet valve 6 to be smaller until the water inlet valve is closed, and natural cooling is adopted at the moment.
High-purity water is filled into the pipe body 13, certain air is extracted, the atmospheric pressure in the pipe body 13 is smaller than the standard atmospheric pressure, the vaporization temperature of the water in the pipe body 13 is guaranteed to be lower than 50 ℃, the vacuum degree is preferably controlled to be about 0.012MPa, and then the upper end of the pipe body 13 is sealed and connected by the coupling 11.
It is known that the atmospheric pressure is proportional to the boiling point of water, the greater the atmospheric pressure, the higher the boiling point of water, and when the atmospheric pressure is 0.012MPa, the boiling point of water is 50 ℃, that is, when the temperature of water in the pipe body 13 rises to 50 ℃ when absorbing the heat of surrounding coal gangue, the water boils to be in a liquid state and rises to be in a gas state, so that 1 kg of vaporization rises to the condensation section 8 to be in a liquid state and can release heat 2500 kilojoules, and the heat in the coal gangue can be deeply extracted. The vaporization of water at 50 ℃ can effectively reduce the temperature of surrounding gangue to below 80 ℃, so that the problem of spontaneous combustion of the gangue is thoroughly solved. The method for reducing the boiling point of water is utilized for the first time to deeply extract the heat in the coal gangue, and the heat is transferred for reasonable utilization again. The design is scientific and reasonable, the investment is low, the practical value is high, and the requirement of great popularization is met.
In the implementation process, the bottom of the pipe body 13 is sealed by the drill bit 1, the ball valve 15 and the safety valve 16 are installed at the top, the ball valve 15 is opened to extract air in the pipe body 13, negative pressure is formed in the pipe body 13, high-purity water is sucked into the pipe body 13 under the action of pressure difference, the sucked water quantity is about 6 kg, then the ball valve 15 is closed, the ball valve 15 is not detached any more, a connecting pipe 14 is welded outside the ball valve 15 and the safety valve 16, the coupler 11 and the pipe body 13 are connected together through the connecting pipe 14, and the connecting pipe 14 can also play a role in protecting the ball valve 15 and the safety valve 16. The safety valve 16 is arranged to ensure that the steam pressure in the pipe 13 is within a specified range. The shaft connector 11 is fixedly connected with a power shaft of a drilling machine, and the pipe body 13 is smoothly pressed into the gangue hill through the shaft connector 11 and the connecting pipe 14 under the action of the drilling machine, so that the effective transfer of heat in the gangue is completed.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A heat pipe device for gangue hill degree of depth removes heat which characterized in that: the heat-absorbing device comprises a tube body (13) with two closed ends, wherein the upper end of the tube body (13) is in closed connection through a coupling (11), the lower end of the tube body (13) is in closed connection through a drill bit (1), an evaporation section (3), a heat-insulating section (5) and a condensation section (8) are sequentially arranged in the tube body (13) from bottom to top, a heat-absorbing medium is arranged in the evaporation section (3) of the tube body (13), the capacity of the heat-absorbing medium is 35-40% of that of the whole tube body (13), and spiral ribs (4) are arranged on the outer wall of the evaporation section (3);
The evaporation section (3) is arranged in the coal gangue, the heat absorption medium in the evaporation section (3) absorbs the heat of the surrounding high-temperature coal gangue, the temperature rises from a liquid state to a gaseous state, the temperature rises to the condensation section (8) in the pipe body (13), the ambient temperature at the condensation section (8) is far lower than the temperature of steam, the heat released by the gaseous medium at the condensation section (8) is changed into a liquid state, the liquid state is adhered to the inner wall of the pipe body (13), and the liquid state flows back to the evaporation section (3) under the action of gravity to continuously absorb the heat of the coal gangue;
The outer wall of condensation segment (8) is equipped with fin (9) that have the reinforcing heat dissipation function, the outer wall activity of condensation segment (8), close and be connected with annular sleeve pipe (10), the lower extreme of sleeve pipe (10) is equipped with water inlet (7), water inlet (7) are connected with water intaking valve (6), and the upper end of sleeve pipe (10) is equipped with delivery port (12), fin (9) set up in the circulating water that sets up in sleeve pipe (10).
2. The heat pipe device for deep heat transfer of coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the connecting pipe is characterized in that the connecting pipe (11) is connected with the pipe body (13) through a connecting pipe (14), a safety valve (16) and a ball valve (15) which are communicated with the pipe body (13) are arranged in the connecting pipe (14), and a through hole (17) communicated with the atmosphere is formed in the bottom of the connecting pipe (11) above the safety valve (16) and the ball valve (15).
3. The heat pipe device for deep heat transfer of coal gangue hill according to claim 1, wherein: the rib (4) is provided with a groove, a temperature sensor (2) is arranged in the groove, the output end of the temperature sensor (2) is electrically connected with the input end of a controller (18), and the output end of the controller (18) is electrically connected with a water inlet valve (6).
4. The heat pipe device for deep heat transfer of coal gangue hill according to claim 1, wherein: the heat absorption medium in the pipe body (13) is high-purity water, the pressure in the pipe body (13) is smaller than standard atmospheric pressure, and the vaporization temperature of the high-purity water is not higher than 50 ℃.
5. The heat pipe device for deep heat transfer of coal gangue hill according to claim 4, wherein: the pressure in the pipe body (13) is 0.012 MPa.
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| CN201811586026.3A CN109798793B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Heat pipe device for deep heat transfer of coal gangue hill |
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| CN201811586026.3A CN109798793B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Heat pipe device for deep heat transfer of coal gangue hill |
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| CN109798793B true CN109798793B (en) | 2024-06-04 |
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| CN112082279A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-15 | 山西元森科技有限公司 | Waste rock mountain waste heat recycling method |
| CN112344780A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-09 | 华能海南发电股份有限公司海口电厂 | System and method for recycling heat dissipated by coal pile |
| CN115654978B (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2024-01-23 | 太原理工大学 | Gravity heat pipe device for controlling forced convection heat transfer of gangue mountain thermodynamic disaster |
| CN117346570A (en) * | 2023-12-06 | 2024-01-05 | 国家能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Low-cost vacuum heat pipe heat exchanger with high heat absorption density |
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| US4836275A (en) * | 1987-03-11 | 1989-06-06 | Fujikura Ltd. | Corrugated heat pipe |
| CN103556940A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-05 | 河南理工大学 | Dual-channel porous turbulence pressure relief drilling tool for soft coal rock drilling, and construction method of drilling tool |
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