CN109797308A - A kind of new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material - Google Patents

A kind of new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109797308A
CN109797308A CN201910094465.0A CN201910094465A CN109797308A CN 109797308 A CN109797308 A CN 109797308A CN 201910094465 A CN201910094465 A CN 201910094465A CN 109797308 A CN109797308 A CN 109797308A
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nano
neutron absorber
strengtherning
absorber material
preparation
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Inventor
王鑫
张鹏程
刘彦章
庞晓轩
王傲松
白彬
喻应华
罗昊
杨寿海
王伟
莫怀森
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China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
Institute of Materials of CAEP
Shenzhen China Guangdong Nuclear Engineering Design Co Ltd
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China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
Institute of Materials of CAEP
Shenzhen China Guangdong Nuclear Engineering Design Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910094465.0A priority Critical patent/CN109797308A/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber materials comprising following material: the B of 5~20wt.%4C, the nano material of 0.8~5wt.%, remaining is the powder containing aluminium element, wherein nano material is selected from nanometer Al2O3, nano-MgO, nano-TiO2, nano-ZnO, nanometer ZrO2And one or more of oxide nano rare earth.Compared with the existing technology, new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material elevated temperature strength of the present invention is high, can be used for neutron-absorbing function and structure supporting role simultaneously, and have the high coefficient of heat conduction, it can be applied to irradiated fuel store and transport field, manufacturing cost can be greatly decreased.In addition, the present invention also provides the preparation method of new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material, simple process, the neutron absorber material thermal coefficient height prepared.

Description

A kind of new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material
Technical field
The invention belongs to neutron absorber material fields, it is more particularly related to which a kind of new oxide disperse is strong Change neutron absorber material and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Nuclear power plant can generate a certain number of spentnuclear fuels in the process of running, since spentnuclear fuel still has certain reaction Property, generalling use neutron absorber material absorbs its thermal neutron generated in decay process, maintains spentnuclear fuel system subcritical State.
It is divided into wet process storage and two kinds of dry storage by banking system from heap intermediate storage, the former usually builds in workshop Spent Fuel Pool places bunkering screen work in pond, passes through boron water circulating cooling spentnuclear fuel and control reactivity.However Wet process stores the continuous operation and maintenance for needing pond cooling system, is also easy to produce secondary waste, once pond breakage would become hard to tie up It repairs, operating cost is high, the needs for having been unable to meet safety, economical and environmentally friendly running.
The hold-up vessel of spent fuel dry-type storage is generally steel sealing container, and outside is mentioned by metal or concrete For radioactive shield, inside is surrounded by air, carbon dioxide or inert gas etc. and cooling irradiated fuel assembly.Do not have in storage With the presence of liquid such as water, the self-holding fission of degraded neutron will not be generated, radiation generation hydrogen phenomenon initiation will not be generated and exploded, simultaneously Its vessel strength can resist earthquake and aircraft impact.With the development of nuclear power technology, the application of spent fuel dry-type storage is more next More favored, being substituted wet type storage becomes main application direction.
But spent fuel dry-type storage container need to use neutron absorber material, and neutron absorber material in the prior art Predominantly boracic organic matter, boron aluminium alloy, boronated stainless steel, aluminum-based boron carbide material etc., there are thermal conductivity low and high temperature mechanical property Can be poor the disadvantages of, high temperature storage and structural support requirements when being unable to satisfy long.
In view of this, it is necessory to provide a kind of thermal conductivity is high, mechanical behavior under high temperature is good, be able to satisfy long when high temperature storage and New oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material of structural support and preparation method thereof.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention is: overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art and provide that a kind of thermal conductivity is high, mechanical behavior under high temperature Well, high temperature storage and the new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material of structural support and preparation method thereof when being able to satisfy long.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material, Including following material:
The B of 5~20wt.%4C, the nano material of 0.8~5wt.%, remaining is the powder containing aluminium element, wherein is received Rice material is selected from nanometer Al2O3, nano-MgO, nano-TiO2, nano-ZnO, nanometer ZrO2And one in oxide nano rare earth Kind is several.
As a kind of improvement of new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material of the present invention, B4C accounts for 7~15wt.%, receives Rice material accounts for 0.8~5wt.%, remaining is the powder containing aluminium element.
As a kind of improvement of new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material of the present invention, B4C accounts for 9~12wt.%, receives Rice material accounts for 1~3wt.%, remaining is the powder containing aluminium element.
As a kind of improvement of new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material of the present invention, the powder containing aluminium element End is pure aluminium powder or Al alloy powder.
As a kind of improvement of new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material of the present invention, the B4The granularity D97 of C≤ 100μm。
As a kind of improvement of new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material of the present invention, the oxide nano rare earth Selected from nano oxidized praseodymium neodymium, nano oxidized ytterbium, nano oxidized thulium, nano yttrium oxide, nano oxidized erbium, nano oxidized gadolinium, nanometer Lanthana, nano oxidized dysprosium, nano oxidized praseodymium, nano oxidized terbium, nano-cerium oxide, Nanometer-sized Neodymium Oxide, in nano europium oxide It is one or more of.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention also provides a kind of new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron suctions described above Receive the preparation method of material, comprising the following steps:
1) raw material powder mixes: by the B of 5~20wt.%4C, the nano material of 0.8~5wt.%, and contain aluminium element Powder uniformly mixed, and carry out ball milling;
2) cold isostatic compaction: uniformly mixed powder is subjected to the compression moulding of isostatic cool pressing mode, and pressure maintaining, is obtained cold Green compact;
3) vacuum degassing: being placed in aluminium jacket progress high-temperature vacuum degasification for cold pressing base, and reaching will be cold after required vacuum degree Green compact soldering and sealing is in aluminium jacket;
4) densification sintering hip moulding: is carried out to the material by vacuum degassing processing using heat and other static pressuring processes Obtain hot pressing base;
5) it green body integer: by the hot pressing base of densified sintering processes by isostatic cool pressing mode compression moulding, obtains just Green body;
6) hot pressing: first green body is preheated, and rolling temperature control, pass deformation and total deformation to sample into Row rolling, obtains required neutron absorber material;
Wherein, nano material is selected from nanometer Al2O3, nano-MgO, nano-TiO2, nano-ZnO, nanometer ZrO2And Nano Rare One or more of native oxide.
As a kind of improvement of preparation method of the present invention, B4C accounts for 7~15wt.%, nano material accounts for 0.8~5wt.%, Remaining is the powder containing aluminium element.
As a kind of improvement of preparation method of the present invention, B4C accounts for 9~12wt.%, nano material accounts for 1~3wt.%, remaining For the powder containing aluminium element.
As a kind of improvement of preparation method of the present invention, the powder containing aluminium element is pure aluminium powder or Al alloy powder End.
As a kind of improvement of preparation method of the present invention, the B4The size distribution of C is D97≤100 μm.
As a kind of improvement of preparation method of the present invention, the oxide nano rare earth is selected from nano oxidized praseodymium neodymium, nanometer Ytterbium oxide, nano oxidized thulium, nano yttrium oxide, nano oxidized erbium, nano oxidized gadolinium, nano lanthanum oxide, nano oxidized dysprosium, nanometer One or more of praseodymium oxide, nano oxidized terbium, nano-cerium oxide, Nanometer-sized Neodymium Oxide, nano europium oxide.
As a kind of improvement of preparation method of the present invention, in step 1), Ball-milling Time is 8~for 24 hours, ratio of grinding media to material 1.5:1 ~5:1.
As a kind of improvement of preparation method of the present invention, in step 2), isostatic cool pressing pressure is 150~250MPa.
As a kind of improvement of preparation method of the present invention, in step 2), the dwell time is 5~30min.
As a kind of improvement of preparation method of the present invention, in step 3), first cold pressing base is placed in aluminium jacket, and is welded It connects, its leak rate is lower than 3 × 10 after welding-10Pa·m3After/s, carry out degasification is vacuumized to jacket under the conditions of 300~600 DEG C, Vacuum degree is not less than 6 × 10-3Soldering and sealing is carried out to jacket when Pa.
As a kind of improvement of preparation method of the present invention, in step 4), hip temperature is 400~650 DEG C, and pressure is 10MPa~100MPa.
As a kind of improvement of preparation method of the present invention, in step 4), 5~60min of dwell time.
As a kind of improvement of preparation method of the present invention, in step 5), isostatic cool pressing pressure is 100~300MPa.
As a kind of improvement of preparation method of the present invention, in step 5), the dwell time is 5~60min.
As a kind of improvement of preparation method of the present invention, in step 6), preheating temperature is 350 DEG C~600 DEG C, soaking time For 0.5~2h.
As a kind of improvement of preparation method of the present invention, in step 6), rolling temperature is 350 DEG C~600 DEG C, passage deformation Amount is 10%~30%, and total deformation is 30%~60%.
Compared with the existing technology, new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material of the present invention and preparation method thereof have with Lower technical effect:
1) it is increased substantially with neutron absorber material elevated temperature strength prepared by this method, in spent fuel dry-type storage facility It can be not only used for neutron-absorbing function, it can also be used to structural support effect;
2) coefficient of heat conduction is high, can obviously reduce the peak temperature of involucrum, significantly improves the unevenness of the temperature of fuel-basket Even property;
3) neutron absorber material of the present invention is used, designing and manufacturing for spent fuel storage rack fuel-basket, fuel can be simplified Basket manufacture can be only assembly+welded corner joint molding, and manufacturing cost is greatly reduced;
4) neutron absorber material of the present invention is used, it is independent that spent fuel storage rack is not necessarily package neutron-absorbing functional material Cladding plate is designed, from the scratch problem avoided in irradiated fuel assembly loading process in structure.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, to new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material of the present invention and its Preparation method is described in detail, in which:
Fig. 1 is the metallographic microscope of 1 neutron absorber material of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the SEM of 1 neutron absorber material of the embodiment of the present invention schemes.
Specific embodiment
In order to be more clear goal of the invention of the invention, technical solution and its technical effect, below in conjunction with attached drawing and tool Body embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be understood that specific embodiment party described in this specification Formula is not intended to limit the present invention just for the sake of explaining the present invention.
New oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material of the present invention includes following material:
The B of 5~20wt.%4C, the nano material of 0.8~5wt.%, remaining is the powder containing aluminium element, wherein is received Rice material is selected from nanometer Al2O3, nano-MgO, nano-TiO2, nano-ZnO, nanometer ZrO2And one in oxide nano rare earth Kind is several.
Preferably, B4C accounts for 7~15wt.%, nano material accounts for 0.8~5wt.%, remaining is the powder containing aluminium element.
Preferably, B4C accounts for 9~12wt.%, nano material accounts for 1~3wt.%, remaining is the powder containing aluminium element.
Preferably, B4Granularity D97≤100 μm of C.
Preferably, the powder containing aluminium element is pure aluminium powder or Al alloy powder.
Preferably, Al alloy powder is 1100 Al alloy powders.
Preferably, oxide nano rare earth is selected from nano oxidized praseodymium neodymium, nano oxidized ytterbium, nano oxidized thulium, nano oxidized It is yttrium, nano oxidized erbium, nano oxidized gadolinium, nano lanthanum oxide, nano oxidized dysprosium, nano oxidized praseodymium, nano oxidized terbium, nano oxidized One or more of cerium, Nanometer-sized Neodymium Oxide, nano europium oxide.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material, including following step It is rapid:
1) raw material powder mixes: by the B of 5~20wt.%4C, the nano material of 0.8~5wt.%, and contain aluminium element Powder uniformly mixed, and carry out ball milling;
2) cold isostatic compaction: uniformly mixed powder is subjected to the compression moulding of isostatic cool pressing mode, and pressure maintaining, is obtained cold Green compact;
3) vacuum degassing: being placed in aluminium jacket progress high-temperature vacuum degasification for cold pressing base, and reaching will be cold after required vacuum degree Green compact soldering and sealing is in aluminium jacket;
4) densification sintering hip moulding: is carried out to the material by vacuum degassing processing using heat and other static pressuring processes Obtain hot pressing base;
5) it green body integer: by the hot pressing base of densified sintering processes by isostatic cool pressing mode compression moulding, obtains just Green body;
6) hot pressing: first green body is preheated, and rolling temperature control, pass deformation and total deformation to sample into Row rolling, obtains required neutron absorber material;
Wherein, nano material is selected from nanometer Al2O3, nano-MgO, nano-TiO2, nano-ZnO, nanometer ZrO2And Nano Rare One or more of native oxide.
Preferably, B4C accounts for 7~15wt.%, nano material accounts for 0.8~5wt.%, remaining is the powder containing aluminium element.
It is highly preferred that B4C accounts for 9~12wt.%, nano material accounts for 1~3wt.%, remaining is the powder containing aluminium element.
Preferably, B4The size distribution of C is D97≤100 μm.
Preferably, oxide nano rare earth is selected from nano oxidized praseodymium neodymium, nano oxidized ytterbium, nano oxidized thulium, nano oxidized It is yttrium, nano oxidized erbium, nano oxidized gadolinium, nano lanthanum oxide, nano oxidized dysprosium, nano oxidized praseodymium, nano oxidized terbium, nano oxidized One or more of cerium, Nanometer-sized Neodymium Oxide, nano europium oxide.
Preferably, the powder containing aluminium element is pure aluminium powder or Al alloy powder.
It is highly preferred that Al alloy powder is 1100 Al alloy powders.
Embodiment 1
1) raw material powder mixes: by the B of 9wt.%4The nanometer Al of C (D97=50 μm), 3wt.%2O3Material, and 1100 Al alloy powders of 88wt.% are put into high energy ball mill and are uniformly mixed, and carry out ball milling;Ball-milling Time is 8h, ball Material is than being 1.5:1;
2) uniformly mixed powder cold isostatic compaction: is subjected to the compression moulding of isostatic cool pressing mode, isostatic cool pressing pressure For 200Mpa, and pressure maintaining 10min, obtain cold pressing base;
3) vacuum degassing: cold pressing base is placed in aluminium jacket and is welded, its leak rate is lower than 3 × 10 after welding-10Pa·m3/s Afterwards, carry out degasification is vacuumized to jacket under the conditions of 500 DEG C, vacuum degree is not less than 6 × 10-3Soldering and sealing is carried out to jacket when Pa, it is excellent Selection of land is not less than 8 × 10 in vacuum degree-4Soldering and sealing is carried out to jacket when Pa;
4) densification sintering hip moulding: is carried out to the material by vacuum degassing processing using heat and other static pressuring processes Hot pressing base is obtained, hip temperature is 600 DEG C, pressure 80MPa, and pressure maintaining 10min;
5) the hot pressing base of densified sintering processes green body integer: is passed through into isostatic cool pressing mode compression moulding, Leng Dengjing Pressure pressure is 100MPa, and pressure maintaining 30min;
6) hot pressing: first green body being preheated at 350 DEG C, and keeps the temperature 1h, is 350 DEG C, pass deformation in rolling temperature Sample is rolled in the case of being 30% for 20%, total deformation, obtains required neutron absorber material.
The heat-conductive characteristic of material, yield strength and KV ballistic work etc. are accordingly tested, test result such as 3 institute of table Show: the coefficient of heat conduction is 130W/ (m*K), and room temperature lower yield strength is 140MPa, and 350 DEG C of lower yield strengths are 97MPa, 450 DEG C Lower yield strength is 58MPa, and KV ballistic work is 9.5J.
It can be seen that B in the neutron absorber material prepared according to this method from Fig. 1 and Fig. 24The distribution of C particle even dispersion In 1100 alloy matrix aluminums, nanometer Al2O3It is scattered in 1100 alloy matrix aluminums, two kind of second Xiang Junke plays enhancing aluminium base The effect of mechanics performance.
Embodiment 2~9
Embodiment 2~9 and the preparation method of embodiment 1 are essentially identical, the difference is that, each constituent and condition have Institute is different, and design parameter is as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
Each embodiment material composition ingredient of table 1 and preparation condition
Each embodiment preparation condition of table 2
Each embodiment the performance test results of table 3
From table 3 it can be seen that the new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material prepared by the method for the invention is in height Still there is very high mechanical property under warm (450 DEG C), the coefficient of heat conduction is high, and has higher carbonization boron content.
Compared with the existing technology, new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material of the present invention and preparation method thereof have with Lower technical effect:
1) it is increased substantially with neutron absorber material elevated temperature strength prepared by this method, in spent fuel dry-type storage facility It can be not only used for neutron-absorbing function, it can also be used to structural support effect;
2) coefficient of heat conduction is high, can obviously reduce the peak temperature of involucrum, significantly improves the unevenness of the temperature of fuel-basket Even property;
3) neutron absorber material of the present invention is used, designing and manufacturing for spent fuel storage rack fuel-basket, fuel can be simplified Basket manufacture can be only assembly+welded corner joint molding, and manufacturing cost is greatly reduced;
4) neutron absorber material of the present invention is used, it is independent that spent fuel storage rack is not necessarily package neutron-absorbing functional material Cladding plate is designed, from the scratch problem avoided in irradiated fuel assembly loading process in structure.
According to above-mentioned principle, the present invention can also be made appropriate changes and modifications to the above embodiments.Therefore, this hair It is bright to be not limited to specific embodiment disclosed and described above, some modifications and changes of the invention should also be as to fall into this In the scope of protection of the claims of invention.In addition, although being used some specific terms in this specification, these terms Merely for convenience of description, it does not limit the present invention in any way.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material, which is characterized in that including following material:
The B of 5~20wt.%4C, the nano material of 0.8~5wt.%, remaining is the powder containing aluminium element, wherein nano material Selected from nanometer Al2O3, nano-MgO, nano-TiO2, nano-ZnO, nanometer ZrO2And one of oxide nano rare earth or several Kind.
2. new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to contain aluminium The powder of element is pure aluminium powder or Al alloy powder.
3. new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the B4The grain of C Spend D97≤100 μm.
4. new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Nano Rare Native oxide is selected from nano oxidized praseodymium neodymium, nano oxidized ytterbium, nano oxidized thulium, nano yttrium oxide, nano oxidized erbium, nano oxidized It is gadolinium, nano lanthanum oxide, nano oxidized dysprosium, nano oxidized praseodymium, nano oxidized terbium, nano-cerium oxide, Nanometer-sized Neodymium Oxide, nano oxidized One or more of europium.
5. a kind of preparation method of new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material as described in claim 1, feature exist In, comprising the following steps:
1) raw material powder mixes: by the B of 5~20wt.%4C, the nano material of 0.8~5wt.wt.%, and contain aluminium element Powder is uniformly mixed, and is mixed by high-energy ball milling mode;
2) cold isostatic compaction: uniformly mixed powder is subjected to the compression moulding of isostatic cool pressing mode, and pressure maintaining, is cold-pressed Base;
3) vacuum degassing: cold pressing base is placed in progress high-temperature vacuum degasification in aluminium jacket, base will be cold-pressed after reaching required vacuum degree Soldering and sealing is in aluminium jacket;
4) hip moulding: densification sintering is carried out to the material by vacuum degassing processing using heat and other static pressuring processes and is obtained Hot pressing base;
5) green body integer: by the hot pressing base of densified sintering processes by isostatic cool pressing mode compression moulding, just green body is obtained;
6) hot pressing: first green body is preheated, and rolling temperature control, pass deformation and total deformation roll sample System, obtains required neutron absorber material;
Wherein, nano material is selected from nanometer Al2O3, nano-MgO, nano-TiO2, nano-ZnO, nanometer ZrO2And nano rare earth oxygen The one or more of compound.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in step 2), isostatic cool pressing pressure be 150~ 250MPa。
7. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in step 3), first cold pressing base is placed in aluminium jacket, And welded, its leak rate is lower than 3 × 10 after welding-10Pa·m3After/s, under the conditions of 300~600 DEG C to jacket vacuumize into Row degasification, vacuum degree are not less than 6 × 10-3Soldering and sealing is carried out to jacket when Pa.
8. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in step 4), hip temperature is 400~650 DEG C, pressure is 10MPa~100MPa.
9. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in step 5), isostatic cool pressing pressure be 100~ 300MPa。
10. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in step 6), pass deformation be 10%~ 30%, total deformation is 30%~60%.
CN201910094465.0A 2019-01-30 2019-01-30 A kind of new oxide dispersion-strengtherning neutron absorber material Pending CN109797308A (en)

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CN114292108A (en) * 2021-11-29 2022-04-08 华能核能技术研究院有限公司 Boron carbide-gadolinium oxide neutron absorber material for control rod and preparation method thereof
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CN114292108B (en) * 2021-11-29 2023-01-31 华能核能技术研究院有限公司 Boron carbide-gadolinium oxide neutron absorber material for control rod and preparation method thereof
CN114959340A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-08-30 哈尔滨工业大学 Multi-principal-element oxide dispersion-strengthened superfine-crystal aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof
CN114959410A (en) * 2022-06-10 2022-08-30 季华实验室 Nano-alumina-reinforced aluminum-based boron carbide, preparation method thereof and neutron absorbing material
CN114990415A (en) * 2022-06-15 2022-09-02 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 Nano biphase reinforced aluminum-based composite material and 3D printing forming method thereof

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Application publication date: 20190524