CN109794586B - Crystallizer suitable for full-protection casting of special-shaped blank continuous casting machine - Google Patents
Crystallizer suitable for full-protection casting of special-shaped blank continuous casting machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN109794586B CN109794586B CN201910144142.8A CN201910144142A CN109794586B CN 109794586 B CN109794586 B CN 109794586B CN 201910144142 A CN201910144142 A CN 201910144142A CN 109794586 B CN109794586 B CN 109794586B
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Abstract
The application provides a crystallizer suitable for full-protection casting of a special-shaped blank continuous casting machine, wherein the area of an upper opening of the crystallizer is larger than that of a lower opening of the crystallizer, the cross section area of an inner cavity of the crystallizer is gradually reduced from top to bottom, a web copper plate of the inner cavity of the crystallizer is a smooth curved surface which is outwards convex and gradually changes in curvature, the curvature of the web copper plate of the inner cavity of the crystallizer is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the web copper plate of the inner cavity of the crystallizer is gradually changed from convex to plane; the crystallizer gradually reduces the included angle between the copper plate at the inner side of the flange triangular area and the edge of the flange triangular area from top to bottom. The crystallizer can realize the full-protection casting of the special-shaped blank continuous casting machine, solve the problem of secondary oxidation in the molten steel casting process, cast steel grades containing easily oxidized elements such as aluminum, rare earth, titanium and the like, improve the quality and the added value of steel and have long service life. The casting blank shell produced by the crystallizer does not generate compression or stretching deformation, and the probability of defects such as surface cracks and the like of the blank shell is low.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to a crystallizer suitable for full-protection casting of a special-shaped blank continuous casting machine.
Background
Continuous casting of steel is a process of continuously cooling liquid molten steel with a degree of superheat into a solid cast slab with a shape by means of a water-cooled crystallizer, in which a sleeve of refractory material, called a submerged nozzle, is required to inject the molten steel from an upstream metallurgical vessel into the crystallizer. The immersed nozzle is arranged on the bottom plate of the tundish and is inserted below the liquid level of the crystallizer, and the immersed nozzle has the main functions of preventing secondary oxidation, nitridation and splashing of molten steel, avoiding slag entrainment at the liquid level, adjusting the flow mode and temperature distribution of the molten steel in the crystallizer, thereby promoting the uniform defect-free growth of a billet shell in the crystallizer and reducing gas and nonmetallic inclusions in the molten steel as much as possible.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7 of the application, the crystallizer of the special-shaped blank continuous casting machine has complex section shape, and a small space is reserved between the crystallizer and a tundish, and the special-shaped blank continuous casting machine is generally produced by adopting an open casting process of double sizing water gaps and semi-submersed water gaps, and the tundish adopts a sizing water gap quick-change technology, so that the flow control from the tundish to the crystallizer molten steel is realized by adjusting the diameter of the sizing water gaps. The semi-submerged nozzle is supported on a flange triangular area of a crystallizer by using a ferrule support, the problems of flow dispersion and drift of steel flow in the casting process cause nozzle cooling steel, the problems of the flow field of the crystallizer and the molten steel pollution caused by the secondary oxidization of molten steel due to the centering problem of the nozzle are solved by adjusting the position of the semi-submerged nozzle or blowing oxygen, and the problems of the cooling steel and the cooling steel are fundamental problems which cannot be solved by the casting mode and restrict the quality of products. The open casting mode has serious secondary oxidation, and cannot cast steel grades containing easily oxidized elements such as aluminum, rare earth, titanium and the like, so that development of special-shaped blank steel grades with excellent mechanical properties is restricted.
In the prior report, a submerged nozzle is arranged at the web position of a special-shaped blank crystallizer to realize a full-protection pouring mode of a stopper rod and the submerged nozzle, but the width of the web position of the cross section of the special-shaped blank crystallizer is very narrow, generally 70-120 mm, and the arrangement of the nozzle at the narrow size position is easy to cause quality defects such as web cracks and the like, because the velocity of steel flow flowing out of the nozzle reaches 1-3 m/s, the rapidly flowing molten steel can wash the newly solidified casting blank web, and the solidification at the web solidification position is unstable.
In the prior report, a full-protection pouring mode of a stopper rod and a submerged nozzle is realized by installing the submerged nozzle at the flange triangular area of a special-shaped blank crystallizer, but two flange triangular areas exist in the crystallizer, the distance between the two flange triangular areas is relatively short and is about 300-800 mm, if the submerged nozzle controlled by the stopper rod is installed at each of the two flange triangular areas, the stopper rod is difficult to install due to the short distance, and if the submerged nozzle controlled by the stopper rod is installed at only one flange triangular area, as the flange triangular area is not positioned at the center of the crystallizer and is positioned at the corner position of the crystallizer, the molten steel at two sides of the special-shaped blank crystallizer is not uniform in temperature due to the fact that the pouring flow into the whole crystallizer from the flange triangular area is easy to occur fluctuation in the liquid level of the crystallizer, and adverse effect is caused on the quality of casting blanks.
In summary, since the width of the web position of the cross section of the profiled slab mold is very narrow, generally 70-120 mm, and the arrangement of the water gap at the narrow size position is easy to cause quality defects such as web cracks, if the submerged water gap controlled by the stopper rod is installed at the triangular area of two flanges, the installation of the stopper rod is difficult due to the short distance of two stopper rods, so that the profiled slab continuous casting machine is generally difficult to install the submerged water gap and the stopper rod for full-protection casting.
At present, a funnel-shaped crystallizer or a lens-shaped crystallizer is mainly adopted for internationally producing thin-specification slabs, an upper opening of the crystallizer is funnel-shaped or lens-shaped, the area of the upper opening of the crystallizer is larger, so that the insertion of a submerged nozzle and the melting of casting powder are facilitated, the area of a lower opening of the crystallizer is smaller, the area of the lower opening of the crystallizer is generally 40-60% of the area of the upper opening of the crystallizer, the circumference of the lower opening of the crystallizer is generally Zhou Changshao-250 mm larger than that of the upper opening of the crystallizer, and a billet is compressed and deformed in the process of pulling the slab in the crystallizer, so that the evolution from a thick slab to a thin slab is completed. However, as the billet is subjected to larger compression deformation in the crystallizer, the cross section area of the billet is reduced by 40-60%, the circumference of the cross section of the billet shell is reduced by 200-250 mm, the deformation force applied to the billet is larger, and the billet shell of the casting blank in the crystallizer is extremely thin, so that surface cracks, surface wrinkles and internal cracks of the casting blank are easily caused, even the crystallizer leaks steel, and the high-efficiency operation of continuous casting equipment is affected.
The main reasons for the occurrence of surface cracks, surface wrinkles and internal cracks in sheet bars are: the perimeter of the billet shell is compressed and shortened in the crystallizer, and the compression and shortening of the perimeter of the shell requires great deformation force which is far greater than the force for changing the shape of the shell, the great deformation force easily causes surface cracks and internal cracks of a casting blank, and the billet shell in the crystallizer is extremely thin (less than 10 mm), so that the shell is extremely easy to wrinkle in the process of compressing and shortening the perimeter of the shell.
The prior art disclosed at present has a funnel-shaped crystallizer or a lens-shaped crystallizer used for producing a thin slab, but no crystallizer suitable for full-protection casting of a special-shaped blank continuous casting machine is reported. And as the perimeter of the steel billet shell in the funnel-shaped or lens-shaped crystallizer is compressed and shortened in the crystallizer, surface cracks, surface wrinkles and internal cracks are easy to occur to the casting blank.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the application provides a crystallizer suitable for full-protection casting of a special-shaped blank continuous casting machine, which is used for producing: the total width and flange thickness of the casting blank with the specification of width (400-1000) multiplied by leg height (350-450) multiplied by waist thickness (70-100) are respectively matched with the width and leg height of the casting blank, and the length of the crystallizer is 900mm. The application mainly carries out special design on the shape of a web plate of the crystallizer and the shape of a copper plate at the inner side of a flange triangular area, and the copper plate at other positions of the crystallizer is designed by adopting the prior art.
The crystallizer suitable for full-protection casting of the special-shaped blank continuous casting machine comprises an upper opening area of the crystallizer and a lower opening area of the crystallizer, wherein the cross section area of an inner cavity of the crystallizer is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the web plate copper plate in the inner cavity of the crystallizer is a smooth curved surface protruding outwards and gradually changing in curvature, the curvature of the web plate in the inner cavity of the crystallizer gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the web plate copper plate in the inner cavity of the crystallizer gradually changes from the convex shape to the plane; the crystallizer gradually decreases from top to bottom in the flange angle.
In the application, a flange angle refers to an included angle between a copper plate at the inner side of a flange triangular area and a copper plate at the edge of the flange triangular area.
The inner surface of the crystallizer copper plate is in the shape of the application, a cooling water tank is processed on the crystallizer copper plate, and a water cooling system is matched with the crystallizer copper plate, wherein the structure of the cooling water tank and the water cooling system adopt the prior art.
Preferably, the sizes of the copper plates at the inner side of the flange triangular area and the copper plates at the edge of the flange triangular area are kept unchanged from top to bottom, the connection positions of the copper plates at the inner side of the flange triangular area and the copper plates at the edge of the flange triangular area are fixed unchanged, and the copper plates at the inner side of the flange triangular area gradually approach to the inner side of the flange triangular area, namely the sizes of the flange triangular areas gradually become smaller.
Preferably, the distance between the two web copper plates of the crystallizer is gradually reduced from top to bottom.
Further preferably, the maximum distance between the two web copper plates of the crystallizer is gradually smaller from top to bottom. At the lower mouth of the crystallizer, two web copper plates are parallel to each other.
The crystallizer web copper plate is designed into an outward convex shape, so that the width of the web water gap insertion position is greatly increased, and the insertion of the water gap is convenient, so that the full-protection casting of the special-shaped blank continuous casting machine is realized.
The distinction between this mold and a funnel-shaped or lens-shaped mold is: when the crystallizer is seen from top to bottom, the cross section area of the casting blank in the crystallizer is gradually reduced, but the circumference of the cross section of the casting blank in the crystallizer is basically unchanged, the circumference change value of the cross section of the casting blank is only the solidification shrinkage value of the casting blank shell in the crystallizer, the web position of the casting blank is gradually narrowed, the triangular area of the flange of the casting blank is gradually reduced in the deformation process of the crystallizer, but the casting blank shell only changes in shape, and the casting blank shell cannot be compressed or stretched.
Preferably, in the cross section of the upper opening of the inner cavity of the crystallizer, the flange angle is 140-150 ℃; in the cross section of the middle part of the crystallizer, the flange angle is 125-135 ℃, and in the cross section of the lower opening of the crystallizer, the flange angle is 110-115 ℃.
Preferably, in the cross section of the upper opening of the inner cavity of the crystallizer, the curvature of the cross section curve of the web copper plate is 1-5 m -1 The length of the cross section curves of the web copper plates is 300-900 mm, and the maximum distance between the cross section curves of the two web copper plates is 150-180 mm. Namely, the opening of the crystallizer is increased, the distance between two web copper plates can completely meet the insertion of an invasive water gap, the full-protection casting of the special-shaped blank continuous casting machine can be realized, the problem of secondary oxidation in the molten steel casting process is solved, steel types containing easily oxidized elements such as aluminum, rare earth and titanium can be cast, and the quality and the added value of steel are improved.
The upper opening area of the inner cavity of the crystallizer is large, the melting of the casting powder is facilitated, the crystallizer can be well lubricated, and the occurrence rate of cracks at the edge of a casting blank is reduced.
Preferably, in the cross section of the middle part of the inner cavity of the crystallizer, the curvature of the cross section curve of the web copper plate is 0.6-3.0 m -1 The length of the cross section curves of the web copper plates is 300-900 mm, and the maximum distance between the cross section curves of the two web copper plates is 110-140 mm.
Wherein the cross section of the middle part refers to the cross section at 1/2 of the height of the crystallizer.
Preferably, in the cross section of the lower opening of the inner cavity of the crystallizer, the curvature of the cross section curve of the web copper plate is 0, the cross section of the copper plate at the web position becomes a straight line, the distance between the two web copper plate cross section curves is 70-100 mm, and the length of the web copper plate cross section curve is unchanged and is 300-900 mm.
The length of the section curve (curve on the inner cavity of the crystallizer) of the web copper plate is unchanged from top to bottom, and the sizes of the copper plate on the inner side of the flange triangular area and the copper plate on the edge of the flange triangular area are kept unchanged, so that the circumferences of different cross sections of the inner cavity of the crystallizer are basically unchanged, but the cross section area of the inner cavity is gradually reduced.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The crystallizer provided by the application is used for producing the special-shaped blank, the circumference of the cross section of the casting blank in the inner cavity of the crystallizer is basically unchanged, the circumference change value of the cross section of the casting blank is only the solidification shrinkage value of the casting blank shell in the crystallizer, and the circumference of the cross section of the casting blank is slightly shortened. In the deformation process of the casting blank in the crystallizer, only the shape change of the casting blank shell is generated, the web of the casting blank is gradually narrowed, the triangular area of the flange of the casting blank is gradually reduced, but the casting blank shell cannot be subjected to compression or stretching deformation, and as the casting blank shell cannot be subjected to compression or stretching deformation, larger deformation force is not required to be applied to the casting blank shell, and the probability of defects such as surface cracks and the like of the casting blank shell is lower.
The solidification shrinkage value of the application is the sum of the phase change shrinkage value generated by the transition of molten steel from liquid phase to solid phase and the thermal shrinkage value generated by the transition of a casting blank shell from high temperature to low temperature.
(2) The special-shaped blank is produced by adopting the crystallizer provided by the application, because the blank shell of the casting blank does not generate compression or stretching deformation, and larger deformation force is not required to be applied to the blank shell, the reaction force born by the crystallizer is small, the abrasion amount of the crystallizer is reduced, the loss of the crystallizer is reduced, and the service life of the crystallizer is prolonged.
(3) The crystallizer provided by the application is used for producing the special-shaped blank, the circumference of the cross section of the casting blank in the crystallizer is basically unchanged, the circumference change value of the cross section of the casting blank is only the solidification shrinkage value of the casting blank shell in the crystallizer, and the surface fold defect of the casting blank shell can not occur in the shape change process because the total circumference of the cross section of the casting blank is basically unchanged.
(4) The crystallizer provided by the application has the advantages that the maximum distance between the section curves of the two web copper plates at the upper opening of the crystallizer is 150-180 mm, the diameter of the invasive water gap is about 70-90 mm, the distance between the two web copper plates of the crystallizer can completely meet the insertion of the invasive water gap, the full-protection casting of a special-shaped blank continuous casting machine can be realized, the problem of secondary oxidation in the molten steel casting process is solved, steel types containing easily oxidized elements such as aluminum, rare earth and titanium can be cast, and the quality and the added value of steel are improved.
(5) The crystallizer provided by the application has large upper opening area, is favorable for melting the casting powder, has good lubricating effect on the crystallizer, and reduces the occurrence probability of cracks at the edge of a casting blank.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner cavity of a copper plate of a crystallizer according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a vertical section of the cavity of the crystallizer according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the inner cavity of the copper plate of the crystallizer of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the inner cavity of the copper plate of the crystallizer of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a left side view of the inner cavity of the copper plate of the crystallizer of the present application;
FIG. 6 shows the cross-sectional dimensions of a cast strand produced by the crystallizer of example 1;
FIG. 7 shows the cross-sectional dimensions of a cast slab produced by the mold of example 2.
Reference numerals: 1-crystallizer upper port; 2-crystallizer web copper plate; 2-1-cross section curve of the upper die plate copper plate of the crystallizer; 2-2-cross section curve of the middle web copper plate of the crystallizer; 2-3-cross section curve of the lower port web copper plate of the crystallizer; 3-1-the upper end surface of the copper plate at the inner side of the flange triangular area of the crystallizer; 3-2-lower end face of copper plate at inner side of flange triangle area of crystallizer; 4-a crystallizer flange triangular region edge copper plate; 5-1/2 cross section of the upper opening of the inner cavity of the crystallizer; 6-1/2 cross section of the middle part of the inner cavity of the crystallizer; 7-1/2 cross section of the lower opening of the inner cavity of the crystallizer; 8-flange triangular area part of the crystallizer; 9-crystallizer lower opening; 10-connecting the copper plate on the inner side of the flange triangular area of the crystallizer with the copper plate of the web plate; 11-is the contour line of the highest point of curvature of the copper plate of the crystallizer web in the vertical direction (the vertical direction refers to the vertical direction along the upper to lower mouth of the crystallizer).
Detailed Description
The application mainly designs the shape of a web plate 2 (the inner surface of the web plate) of the crystallizer and the shape of a flange triangle inner side copper plate 3, and the copper plate design at other positions of the crystallizer adopts the prior art. The following examples are further illustrative of the application, but the application is not limited thereto.
As shown in figures 1-5, the crystallizer has large upper port 1 area and small lower port 9 area, and the copper plate 2 at the web plate position of the crystallizer is designed into an outward convex shape, so that the width of the web plate at the water gap insertion position is greatly increased, and the insertion of the water gap is convenient to realize the full-protection casting of the special-shaped blank continuous casting machine. The distinction between this technique and a funnel-shaped or lens-shaped crystallizer is: when the crystallizer is seen from top to bottom, the cross section area of the casting blank in the crystallizer is gradually reduced, but the circumference of the cross section of the casting blank in the crystallizer is basically unchanged, the circumference change value of the cross section of the casting blank is only the solidification shrinkage value of the casting blank shell in the crystallizer, the web position of the casting blank is gradually narrowed, the triangular area of the flange of the casting blank is gradually reduced in the deformation process of the crystallizer, but the casting blank shell only changes in shape, and the casting blank shell cannot be compressed or stretched.
When the crystallizer is seen from top to bottom, the connection position of the flange triangular area inner copper plate 3 and the flange triangular area side copper plate 4 is fixed, the flange triangular area inner copper plate 3 gradually approaches to the inside of the flange triangular area 12, and the size of the flange triangular area inner copper plate 3 is kept unchanged. In a 1/2 cross section (2/1 area of the upper end surface of the crystallizer) 5 of the upper opening 1 of the inner cavity of the crystallizer, the included angle between the inner copper plate 3 of the flange triangular area and the edge part 4 of the flange triangular area is 140-150 ℃, namely the included angle between the upper end surface 3-1 of the inner copper plate of the flange triangular area of the crystallizer and the upper end surface of the edge part 4 of the flange triangular area. In the 1/2 cross section 6 (half of the cross section at the 1/2 position of the height of the crystallizer) of the middle part of the inner cavity of the crystallizer, the included angle between the inner copper plate 3 of the flange triangular area and the edge part 4 of the flange triangular area is 125-135 ℃, namely the included angle between the cross section of the middle part of the inner copper plate 3 and the cross section of the middle part of the edge part 4 of the flange triangular area. In the 1/2 cross section 7 of the lower opening of the inner cavity of the crystallizer (2/1 area of the lower end surface of the crystallizer), the included angle between the inner side copper plate 3 of the flange triangular area and the flange triangular area side part 4 is 110-115 ℃, namely the included angle between the lower end surface 3-2 of the inner side copper plate of the flange triangular area of the crystallizer and the lower end surface of the flange triangular area side part 4.
In the cross section of the inner cavity of the crystallizer, the curvature of the inner layer copper plate of the flange triangular area is kept unchanged, but the included angle between the inner layer copper plate 3 of the flange triangular area and the edge part 4 of the flange triangular area is gradually reduced when the crystallizer is seen from top to bottom.
The inner surface of the crystallizer web plate 2 is a smooth curved surface which is convex towards the outside of the crystallizer and gradually changes in curvature, the curvature of the crystallizer web plate 2 gradually decreases when the crystallizer is seen from top to bottom, the inner surface of the crystallizer web plate 2 gradually changes from convex to plane, the distance between the two crystallizer web plate 2 gradually decreases, and the cross section of the crystallizer gradually decreases. In the 1/2 cross section 5 of the upper opening 1 of the inner cavity of the crystallizer, the curvature of the arc line of the inner surface of the web copper plate 2 of the crystallizer, namely the curvature of the web copper plate cross section curve 2-1 is 1-5 m -1 The length of the web copper plate section curve 2-1 is 300-900 mm, and the maximum distance between the two web copper plate section curves is 150-180 mm (the maximum distance between the inner sides of the two web copper plates at the section position).
In the 1/2 cross section 6 of the middle part of the inner cavity of the crystallizer, the curvature of the arc of the inner surface of the web copper plate 2, namely the curvature of the web copper plate cross section curve 2-2 is 0.6-3 m -1 . The length of the cross section curve 2-2 of the web copper plate is 300-900 mm, the maximum distance between the cross section curves of the two web copper plates is 110-140 mm (the maximum distance between the inner sides of the two web copper plates at the cross section position), the curvature of the arc is smaller than the curvature of the cross section arc at the 1/2 cross section 5 of the upper port 1 of the crystallizer, and the maximum distance between the two web copper plates is smaller than the maximum distance between the two web copper plates at the 1/2 cross section 5 of the upper port 1 of the crystallizer.
In the 1/2 cross section of the lower port 7 of the mold cavity, the inner surface of the web copper plate 2 becomes flat, and therefore, the curvature of the copper plate cross section curve 2-3 at the web position becomes 0, the copper plate cross section curve 2-3 at the web position becomes a straight line, and the distance between the web copper plate cross section curves 2-3 is 70 to 100mm (at this cross section position, the distance between the inner sides of the two web copper plates). The length of the section curve 2-3 of the web copper plate is unchanged and is still 300-900 mm. At this cross-sectional position, the curvature of the arc is smaller than the curvature of the cross-sectional arc at 1/2 cross-section 6 in the middle of the mould, and the maximum distance between two web copper plates is smaller than the maximum distance between two web copper plates at 1/2 cross-section 6 in the middle of the mould.
As shown in fig. 5, the crystallizer is from top to bottom, and the connection line 10 of the copper plate on the inner side of the flange triangular area of the crystallizer and the copper plate of the web plate is close to the outside of the crystallizer from the outside to the inside; the contour line 11 of the highest curvature point of the inner surface of the crystallizer web copper plate in the vertical direction also gradually approaches from the outside to the inside of the crystallizer. Finally, at the lower mouth 9 of the crystallizer, the two lines are overlapped, and the cross section of the web copper plate is changed into a rectangle on the same horizontal line, namely at the lower mouth of the crystallizer.
Under the synergistic effect of the crystallizer web plate 2 with gradually changed curvature, the flange angle inner side copper plate 3 (with gradually changed flange angle) and the ferrostatic pressure, the web plate of the casting blank is gradually narrowed in the running process of the crystallizer, the thickness of the web plate is reduced by more than 50%, and the circumference of the cross section of the casting blank is unchanged. The included angle between the copper plate 3 at the inner side of the flange triangular area and the copper plate 4 at the edge of the flange triangular area of the crystallizer is reduced from top to bottom.
The maximum distance between the section curves of the two web copper plates at the upper opening of the crystallizer is 150-180 mm, the diameter of the invasive water gap is about 70-90 mm, the distance between the two web copper plates of the crystallizer can completely meet the insertion of the invasive water gap, the full-protection casting of the special-shaped blank continuous casting machine can be realized, the problem of secondary oxidation in the molten steel casting process is solved, and steel grades containing easily oxidized elements such as aluminum, rare earth and titanium can be cast.
Example 1
The casting blank shown in fig. 6 is produced by adopting the crystallizer provided by the application, and the section size of the casting blank is as follows: 550mm (L1) x 440mm (H1) x 70mm (D1), and the drawing speed of the continuous casting machine is 1.2-1.5 m/min. The crystallizer is suitable for the crystallizer for the full-protection casting of the special-shaped blank continuous casting machine, the total width and the flange thickness of the crystallizer are respectively matched with the width and the leg height of a casting blank, and the length of the crystallizer in the vertical direction is 900mm. The application mainly carries out special design on the shape of a web plate of the crystallizer and the shape of a copper plate at the inner side of a flange triangular area, and the copper plate at other positions of the crystallizer is designed by adopting the prior art. A cooling water tank is processed on the crystallizer copper plate and is matched with a water cooling system, wherein the structure of the cooling water tank and the water cooling system adopt the prior art.
The structural schematic diagrams of the crystallizer are shown in fig. 1-5, the crystallizer is in a shape with large upper opening area and small lower opening area, and the copper plate at the web plate position of the crystallizer is designed into an outward convex shape, so that the width of the web plate at the water gap insertion position is greatly increased, and the insertion of the water gap is convenient, so that the full-protection casting of the special-shaped blank continuous casting machine is realized. The distinction between this technique and a funnel-shaped or lens-shaped crystallizer is: when the crystallizer is seen from top to bottom, the cross section area of the casting blank in the crystallizer is gradually reduced, but the circumference of the cross section of the casting blank in the crystallizer is basically unchanged, the circumference change value of the cross section of the casting blank is only the solidification shrinkage value of the casting blank shell in the crystallizer, the web position of the casting blank is gradually narrowed, the triangular area of the flange of the casting blank is gradually reduced in the deformation process of the crystallizer, but the casting blank shell only changes in shape, and the casting blank shell cannot be compressed or stretched.
The mold of the crystallizer is as follows: the crystallizer is seen from top to bottom, the connection position of the inner copper plate of the flange triangular area and the edge copper plate of the flange triangular area is fixed, the inner copper plate of the flange triangular area gradually rotates towards the inner part of the flange triangular area by taking the connection position as an axis, meanwhile, the curvature of the web copper plate 2 is reduced, the size of the inner copper plate of the flange triangular area is kept unchanged, and the connection point of the web copper plate 2 and the inner copper plate 3 of the flange triangular area is also close to the inner part of the crystallizer. In the cross section 5 of the upper opening of the crystallizer 1, the included angle between the flange triangular area inner copper plate 3 and the flange triangular area edge 4 is 150 ℃, in the cross section 6 of the middle part of the crystallizer, the included angle between the flange triangular area inner copper plate 3 and the flange triangular area edge 4 is 135 ℃, and in the cross section 7 of the lower opening of the crystallizer, the included angle between the flange triangular area inner copper plate 3 and the flange triangular area edge 4 is 115 ℃.
The crystallizer web copper plate 2 is a smooth curved surface which is outwards convex and gradually changes in curvature, the curvature of the crystallizer web copper plate 2 is gradually reduced when the crystallizer is seen from top to bottom, the crystallizer web copper plate 2 is gradually changed from convex to plane, and the distance between the two crystallizer web copper plates 2 is gradually reducedIs small. In the cross section 5 of the upper port of the crystallizer, the curvature of the cross section curve 2-1 of the web copper plate is 5m -1 The length of the web copper plate section curves 2-1 is 300mm, and the maximum distance between the two web copper plate section curves 2-1 is 180mm; in the cross section 6 of the middle part of the crystallizer, the curvature of the web copper plate cross section curve 2-2 is 3m -1 The length of the web copper plate section curves 2-2 is 300mm, and the maximum distance between the two web copper plate section curves 2-2 is 120mm; in the cross section 7 of the lower port of the mold, the curvature of the copper plate cross section curve 2-3 at the web position was 0m -1 The curve of the copper plate section at the web position becomes a straight line, and the distance between the two web copper plate section curves 2-3 is 70mm. The length of the cross section curve of the web copper plate is unchanged and is 300mm.
Under the synergistic effect of the crystallizer web copper plate 2 with gradually changed curvature, the flange angle inside copper plate 3 (the flange angle is continuously changed) and the ferrostatic pressure, the distance between two webs of a casting blank is gradually narrowed from top to bottom in the running process of the casting blank in the crystallizer, the thickness of the casting blank is reduced by 61%, and the circumference of the cross section of the casting blank is unchanged.
The maximum distance between the section curves of the two web copper plates at the upper opening of the crystallizer is 180mm, the diameter of the invasive water gap is about 70mm, the distance between the two web copper plates of the crystallizer can completely meet the insertion of the invasive water gap, the full-protection casting of the special-shaped blank continuous casting machine can be realized, the problem of secondary oxidation in the molten steel casting process is solved, and steel grades containing easily oxidized elements such as aluminum, rare earth, titanium and the like can be cast.
Production practice shows that the crystallizer is adopted to produce the special-shaped blank, the upper opening area of the crystallizer is large, the crystallizer casting powder is in a good melting state, the narrow surface of the upper opening of the crystallizer is large in transverse total width, the insertion of a water gap is convenient, the distance from the water gap to a blank shell of a casting blank is still greater than 50mm, molten steel flowing out of the water gap cannot scour the blank shell of the casting blank, full-protection casting can be realized in the casting process, the blank shell of the casting blank is only deformed and does not compress or stretch due to the unchanged perimeter of the cross section of the casting blank, the deformation force of the casting blank shell given by the crystallizer is small, no crack is formed on the surface of the blank shell of the casting blank, the abrasion of a copper plate of the crystallizer is small, and the steel passing amount of the crystallizer reaches more than 35000 tons.
Example 2
The casting blank shown in fig. 7 is produced by adopting the crystallizer provided by the embodiment, and the section size of the casting blank is as follows: 1023.8mm (L1). Times.390 mm (H1). Times.90 mm (D1), and the pulling speed of the continuous casting machine is 0.9-1.0 m/min.
The embodiment provides a crystallizer suitable for full-protection casting of a special-shaped blank continuous casting machine, wherein the total width and the flange thickness of the crystallizer are respectively matched with the width and the leg height of a casting blank, and the length of the crystallizer in the vertical direction is 900mm. In this embodiment, the shape of the web copper plate 2 of the crystallizer and the shape of the copper plate 3 on the inner side of the flange triangular area are mainly specially designed, and the copper plates at other positions of the crystallizer are designed by adopting the prior art. A cooling water tank is processed on the crystallizer copper plate and is matched with a water cooling system, wherein the structure of the cooling water tank and the water cooling system adopt the prior art.
The structural schematic diagrams of the crystallizer are shown in fig. 1 to 5, and the modeling of the crystallizer is as follows: the upper opening 1 of the crystallizer has large area, the lower opening 9 of the crystallizer has small area, and the copper plate 2 at the web position of the crystallizer is designed into an outward convex shape, so that the width of the web at the water gap inserting position is greatly increased, and the insertion of the water gap is convenient, so that the full-protection casting of the special-shaped blank continuous casting machine is realized. The distinction between this technique and a funnel-shaped or lens-shaped crystallizer is: when the crystallizer is seen from top to bottom, the cross section area of the casting blank in the crystallizer is gradually reduced, but the circumference of the cross section of the casting blank in the crystallizer is basically unchanged, the circumference change value of the cross section of the casting blank is only the solidification shrinkage value of the casting blank shell in the crystallizer, the web position of the casting blank is gradually narrowed, the triangular area of the flange of the casting blank is gradually reduced in the deformation process of the crystallizer, but the casting blank shell only changes in shape, and the casting blank shell cannot be compressed or stretched.
The mold of the crystallizer is as follows: the crystallizer is seen from top to bottom, the connection position of the flange triangular area inner copper plate 3 and the flange triangular area edge copper plate 4 is fixed, and the flange triangular area inner copper plate 3 gradually rotates towards the inside of the flange triangular area 12 by taking the connection position as an axis, meanwhile, the curvature of the web copper plate 2 is reduced, the size of the flange triangular area inner copper plate 3 is kept unchanged, and the connection point of the web copper plate 2 and the flange triangular area inner copper plate 3 is also similar to the inside of the crystallizer. In the cross section 5 of the upper port 1 of the crystallizer, the included angle between the inner copper plate 3 of the flange triangular area and the edge 4 of the flange triangular area is 140 ℃, in the cross section 6 of the middle part of the crystallizer, the included angle between the inner copper plate 3 of the flange triangular area and the edge 4 of the flange triangular area is 125 ℃, and in the cross section 7 of the lower port of the crystallizer, the included angle between the inner copper plate 3 of the flange triangular area and the edge 4 of the flange triangular area is 110 ℃.
The crystallizer web copper plate 2 is a smooth curved surface which is outwards convex and gradually changes in curvature, the curvature of the crystallizer web copper plate 2 is gradually reduced when the crystallizer is seen from top to bottom, the crystallizer web copper plate 2 is gradually changed from the convex to the plane, and the distance between the two crystallizer web copper plates 2 is gradually reduced. In the cross section 5 of the upper port 1 of the crystallizer, the curvature of the web copper plate cross section curve 2-1 is 1m -1 The length of the web copper plate section curve 2-1 is 900mm, and the maximum distance between the two web copper plate section curves 2-1 is 150mm; in the cross section 6 of the middle part of the crystallizer, the curvature of the web copper plate cross section curve 2-2 is 0.6m -1 The length of the web copper plate section curve 2-2 is 900mm, and the maximum distance between the two web copper plate section curves 2-2 is 115mm; in the cross section of the lower port 7 of the crystallizer, the curvature of the copper plate section curve 2-3 at the web position is 0, the copper plate section 2-3 at the web position becomes a straight line, and the distance between the two web copper plate section curves 2-3 is 90mm. The length of the web copper plate section curve 2-3 is unchanged and is 900mm.
Under the synergistic effect of the crystallizer web plate 2 with gradually changed curvature, the flange angle inside copper plate 3 (the flange angle is continuously changed) and the ferrostatic pressure, the distance between two webs of a casting blank in the operation process of the crystallizer is gradually narrowed, the thickness of the web plate of the casting blank is reduced by 40%, and the circumference of the cross section of the casting blank is unchanged.
The maximum distance between the section curves of the two web copper plates at the upper opening of the crystallizer is 150mm, the diameter of the invasive water gap is about 90mm, the distance between the two web copper plates of the crystallizer can completely meet the insertion of the invasive water gap, the full-protection casting of the special-shaped blank continuous casting machine can be realized, the problem of secondary oxidation in the molten steel casting process is solved, and steel grades containing easily oxidized elements such as aluminum, rare earth, titanium and the like can be cast
Production practice shows that the crystallizer is adopted to produce the special-shaped blank, the upper opening area of the crystallizer is large, the crystallizer casting powder is in a good melting state, the narrow surface of the upper opening of the crystallizer is large in transverse total width, the insertion of a water gap is convenient, the distance from the water gap to a blank shell of a casting blank is still greater than 30mm, molten steel flowing out of the water gap can not wash the blank shell of the casting blank, full protection casting can be realized in the casting process, the blank shell of the casting blank is only deformed and does not compress or stretch due to the unchanged perimeter of the cross section of the casting blank, the deformation force of the casting blank shell given by the crystallizer is small, no crack is formed on the surface of the blank shell of the casting blank, the abrasion loss of a copper plate of the crystallizer is small, and the steel passing amount of the crystallizer reaches more than 55000 tons.
Claims (4)
1. The crystallizer for the full-protection casting of the special-shaped blank continuous casting machine is characterized in that the circumferences of different cross sections of the inner cavity of the crystallizer are unchanged, web copper plates of the inner cavity of the crystallizer are smooth curved surfaces which are convex towards the outside of the crystallizer and gradually change in curvature, the curvature of the web copper plates of the inner cavity of the crystallizer is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the web copper plates of the crystallizer are gradually changed from convex to plane from top to bottom; the included angle between the copper plate at the inner side of the flange triangular area and the copper plate at the edge of the flange triangular area is gradually reduced from top to bottom;
the crystallizer is from top to bottom, the sizes of the flange triangular area inner copper plate and the flange triangular area side copper plate are kept unchanged, the connection position of the flange triangular area inner copper plate and the flange triangular area side copper plate is fixed unchanged, the flange triangular area inner copper plate gradually approaches to the inside of the flange triangular area, and the size of the flange triangular area gradually becomes smaller;
in the cross section of the upper opening of the crystallizer, the included angle between the copper plate at the inner side of the flange triangular area and the copper plate at the edge of the flange triangular area is 140-150 ℃; in the cross section of the middle part of the crystallizer, the included angle between the inner copper plate of the flange triangular area and the edge copper plate of the flange triangular area is 125-135 ℃, and in the cross section of the lower opening of the crystallizer, the included angle between the inner copper plate of the flange triangular area and the edge copper plate of the flange triangular area is 110-115 ℃;
the distance between the two web copper plates gradually becomes smaller from top to bottom.
2. The mold for full-protection casting of a beam blank casting machine according to claim 1, wherein the curvature of the cross section curve of the web copper plate in the cross section of the upper opening of the mold cavity is 1-5 m -1 The length of the cross section curves of the web copper plates is 300-900 mm, and the maximum distance between the cross section curves of the two web copper plates is 150-180 mm.
3. The mold for full-protection casting of a beam blank casting machine according to claim 1, wherein the curvature of the cross section curve of the web copper plate in the middle part of the cavity of the mold is 0.6-3.0 m -1 The length of the cross section curves of the web copper plates is 300-900 mm, and the maximum distance between the cross section curves of the two web copper plates is 110-140 mm.
4. The crystallizer for full-protection casting of a beam blank continuous casting machine according to claim 1, wherein in the cross section of the lower opening of the inner cavity of the crystallizer, the curvature of the cross section curve of the web copper plate is 0, the cross section of the copper plate at the web position becomes a straight line, the distance between the two web copper plate cross section curves is 70-100 mm, and the length of the cross section curve of the web copper plate is 300-900 mm.
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