CN109775750B - Solution method for preparing all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3Method for preparing nanowires and up-conversion luminescent material - Google Patents

Solution method for preparing all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3Method for preparing nanowires and up-conversion luminescent material Download PDF

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CN109775750B
CN109775750B CN201910110213.2A CN201910110213A CN109775750B CN 109775750 B CN109775750 B CN 109775750B CN 201910110213 A CN201910110213 A CN 201910110213A CN 109775750 B CN109775750 B CN 109775750B
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葛万银
施金豆
徐美美
常哲
焦思怡
高文兴
张塨凡
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Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing fully inorganic perovskite CsPbBr by a solution method3A method for preparing nano-wire and up-conversion luminescent material includes using the mixture of oleylamine, oleic acid and octadecene as solvent, adding Pb source and Cs source as reactant, reaction in anhydrous environment, heating, holding temp and cooling to complete the nucleation, growth and growth of nano-wire, solid-liquid separation to remove residual solvent after reaction is finished, and preparing the inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3A nanowire. The method avoids high temperature and time consumption, does not need complex equipment, is simple and efficient, and can meet the requirement of batch production. The green up-conversion and down-conversion luminescent nano material is all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3The nano-wire has narrow photoluminescence spectral band, the obtained green light has high purity, and the green up-conversion and down-conversion luminescent nano-material is suitable for display devices, anti-counterfeiting devices, infrared detection devices, solar photovoltaic devices and the like.

Description

Solution method for preparing all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3Method for preparing nanowires and up-conversion luminescent material
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nano material preparation, and particularly relates to a method for preparing fully inorganic perovskite CsPbBr by a solution method3A method of nanowires and an up-conversion luminescent material.
Background
The up-conversion luminescent material and the down-conversion luminescent material are particularly important functional materials and have particularly important application in the fields of display, anti-counterfeiting and biological fluorescent marking. The up-conversion luminescence is light with a wavelength shorter than an excitation wavelength and can be continuously emitted under the excitation of long-wavelength light, and essentially belongs to anti-stokes luminescence, while the down-conversion luminescence is just opposite to the up-conversion luminescence, and is light with a wavelength longer than the excitation wavelength and can be continuously emitted under the excitation of short-wavelength light. In the conventional research, the base material of the up-conversion luminescent material is mainly a rare earth element, and mainly includes fluoride, oxide, sulfur-containing compound, oxyfluoride, halide, and the like. Wherein the NaYF of hexagonal phase4The matrix material is a host material with highest efficiency in the field of up-conversion luminescence at present, but up-conversion luminescence must be realized by doping double rare earth elements and doping multiple rare earth elements. The down-conversion luminescent material is common because it satisfies the stokes law and is easy to realize the photoluminescence effect.
In recent years, up-conversion and down-conversion luminescent materials have been extended to a new perovskite structure. Since Miyasaka of the university of tung tree sholbine of japan teaches the first application of halide perovskite materials as light absorbers, the development and utilization of all-solid-state perovskite cells have received great attention as a hot spot for the research of solar materials and up-conversion luminescent materials. Hu Zhiping et al utilize a near infrared light source (800nm) to CsPbBr3Illumination of the microcubes revealed that CsPbBr was present3Not only can be applied to the development of batteries, but also has good up-conversion luminescence effect, CsPbBr3Is orthorhombic, belongs to Pbnm (62) space point group, does not contain rare earth elements, and is CsPbBr under the irradiation of near infrared light3Can emit green fluorescence and has stable luminescence performance. Yu Xiiaoya et al, however, used a UV light source (400nm) to CsPbBr3Excitation by nanocubes, CsPbBr3And a bright green light is released, indicating CsPbBr3Has good performanceDown-conversion light emitting effect. These phenomena have successfully attracted the attention of scholars at home and abroad. Further, CsPbBr3The cause of photoluminescence has also been a hotspot of academic debate. Thus, study of CsPbBr3The up-conversion luminescent material not only has important academic value; but also its luminescence has important potential applications.
CsPbX was first reported in 2015 by Kovalenco et al3For CsPbBr from the synthesis of nano-crystal by thermal injection3The research on the preparation of materials is always a hot spot, and mainly focuses on synthesis by various methods such as ion exchange, room temperature reprecipitation, microwave-assisted synthesis, CVD and the like. Synthesis of Single-phase CsPbBr Using solution method3The nanowire is not reported in the literature, so that research and development of a solution method for synthesizing single-phase CsPbBr3The processing of nanowires is very demanding. Related research can promote single-phase CsPbBr3The basic research of the nano material can promote the important application of the high-efficiency up-conversion and down-conversion luminescent material in the aspects of display, marking, infrared detection and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a solution method for preparing fully inorganic perovskite CsPbBr aiming at the defects in the prior art3The method of the nanowire and the up-conversion luminescent material not only obtain high-purity single-phase CsPbBr3Nanowires, and relevant optical properties are researched, and a novel functional material with extremely high light incidence is obtained.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
solution method for preparing all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3The preparation method of the nano-wire is characterized in that Cs is used2CO3And PbBr2Adding the reactant into a high-boiling-point solvent A prepared by mixing oleylamine, oleic acid and octadecene, then carrying out heating, heat preservation and cooling treatment under the protection of inert gas to finish the nucleation, growth and growth of the nanowire, removing solvent residues by adopting solid-liquid separation after the reaction is finished, and preparing the single-phase all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3Nano meterA wire.
Specifically, oleic acid, oleylamine and octadecene are mixed and stirred according to the volume ratio of 1:1: 2.
Further, the high boiling point solvent A is heated and stirred, and simultaneously, air extraction and temperature rise treatment are carried out for at least 60min to obtain an oxygen-free and water vapor-free reaction environment.
Specifically, the prepared high-boiling-point solvent A is cooled to room temperature, and the molar ratio (0.05-0.2): 1 addition of Cs2CO3And PbBr2And (3) obtaining a mixed solution B, heating the mixed solution B for reaction under the conditions of continuous stirring and inert gas to finish the growth of the nanowire, then stopping heating, and cooling the reaction system to room temperature.
Further, the temperature is increased to 100-120 ℃, and the reaction time in the inert gas is 30-60 min.
Further, PbBr21 to 1.2mmol, Cs2CO30.05 to 0.24 mmol.
Specifically, the inert gas is high-purity argon or nitrogen.
Specifically, solid-liquid separation is carried out by adopting centrifugal separation, and the centrifugal speed is 5000-9000 r/min; then washed with cyclohexane.
Specifically, after solid-liquid separation, drying is carried out for 30-60 minutes at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ to obtain orange single-phase all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3A nanowire.
The other technical scheme of the invention is that the upconversion luminescent material is CsPbBr prepared by adopting the method3And preparing the nano-wire.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts a solution method to synthesize single-phase CsPbBr3The method is simpler, more efficient, safer and harmless, and the CsPbBr can be synthesized by four stages of simple exhaust, temperature rise, heat preservation and temperature reduction3The invention has the great advantages of avoiding high-temperature and time-consuming solid phase process and complex equipment for synthesizing pure CsPbBr3The nanowires provide higher operational accessibility andshort reaction time, and the adoption of oleylamine, oleic acid and octadecene as solvents, is an inert solvent and is harmless to human bodies.
Furthermore, the nanowire is grown in an oxygen-free and water vapor-free environment, so that the water vapor can be prevented from being damaged in the growth process, and the purpose of in-situ protection is achieved.
Further, the lead salt used is lead bromide; the cesium source is cesium carbonate, and the molar ratio of the lead bromide to the cesium carbonate is 1 (0.05-0.2), so that the final element stoichiometric ratio can be ensured and the generation of a second phase can be avoided.
Furthermore, the reaction temperature is 100-120 ℃, high-temperature reaction is not used, resource waste is avoided, the reaction time is 30-60 min, the reaction speed is increased, and batch production is facilitated.
Furthermore, the protective atmosphere in the reaction process is high-purity argon or nitrogen, so that the nanowire can be effectively protected, and the nanowire is prevented from being oxidized or damaged in the growth process.
Furthermore, after the reaction is finished, solid-liquid separation is carried out, so that a new phase in the obtained product can be avoided, and the purity of the product is protected3The liquid is only required to be washed by cyclohexane after being separated, and the method does not involve any acid washing process and has no pollution to the environment.
Furthermore, the sample is dried, so that the sample can be conveniently stored, and the sample is prevented from being volatilized and lost.
CsPbBr prepared by the invention3The nano-wires are green up-conversion and down-conversion luminescent nano-materials, the photoluminescence spectral band of the nano-materials is narrow, the purity of the obtained green light is high, and the green up-conversion and down-conversion luminescent nano-materials are suitable for display devices, anti-counterfeiting devices, infrared detection devices and solar photovoltaic devices.
In conclusion, the invention avoids high temperature and time consumption, does not need complex equipment, is simple and efficient, and can meet the requirement of batch production.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an XRD spectrum of example 1;
FIG. 2 is an upconversion luminescence spectrum of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a down-converted luminescence spectrum of example 1;
FIG. 4 is an absorption spectrum of example 1;
FIG. 5 is an XRD spectrum of example 2;
FIG. 6 is an upconversion luminescence spectrum of example 2;
FIG. 7 is a down-converted luminescence spectrum of example 2;
figure 8 is the XRD pattern of example 3.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a solution method for preparing fully inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3The method of the nano wire takes the mixed solution of oleylamine, oleic acid and octadecene as a high boiling point solvent A, and PbBr is added2And Cs2CO3Reacting under the protection of inert gas as a reactant, then removing organic substance residues through four stages of exhausting, heating, preserving heat and cooling after the reaction is finished, and preparing and obtaining the fully inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3A nanowire.
The invention relates to a solution method for preparing fully inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3A method of nanowires, comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing oleylamine, oleic acid and octadecene into a high-boiling-point solvent A in a volume ratio of 1:1: 2;
s2, heating and stirring the high-boiling-point solvent A, simultaneously performing air extraction treatment, and heating to fully extract oxygen and water vapor in the solvent, wherein the process lasts for 60 minutes to obtain an oxygen-free and water vapor-free reaction environment;
s3, cooling to room temperature after step S2 is finished, and adding a certain proportion of Cs2CO3And PbBr2Obtaining a mixed solution B, heating the mixed solution B to a certain temperature for reaction under the conditions of continuous stirring and protective atmosphere, finishing the growth of nanowires after a period of reaction, then stopping heating, and cooling the reaction system to room temperature;
PbBr21 to 1.2mmol, Cs2CO30.05 to 0.24 mmol; PbBr2And Cs2CO3The molar ratio of (1) to (0.05-0.2), the reaction temperature of 100-120 ℃, the reaction time of 30-60 min, and the protective atmosphere of high-purity argon or nitrogen.
S4, performing centrifugal separation at a centrifugal rate of 5000-9000 r/min; and (3) washing with cyclohexane, pouring out the solution, realizing solid-liquid separation, and drying in a drying oven at the drying temperature of 50-70 ℃ for 30-60 minutes to obtain an orange-yellow product, namely the target product.
The fully inorganic perovskite CsPbBr prepared by the method of the invention3The pure phase nanometer linear structure has narrow photoluminescence spectral band and high green light purity, and is suitable for display device, anti-fake device, infrared detector and solar photovoltaic device.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Firstly, injecting 2mL oleylamine, 2mL oleic acid and 4mL octadecene into a 50mL two-neck bottle to mix into a high boiling point solvent A; then, the high boiling point solvent A is heated and stirred, and is pumped out, and simultaneously, the temperature is raised to 100 ℃ and is kept for 60 min. Repeatedly washing gas for several times to obtain an environment without oxygen and water vapor; subsequently, 1mmol of PbBr was added2And 0.1mmol Cs2CO3To make PbBr2:Cs2CO3Is 1: 0.1. Under the conditions of continuous stirring and protective atmosphere, heating to 100 ℃, preserving heat for 60min to finish the growth of the nanowire, then stopping heating, and cooling the reaction system to room temperature; and finally, centrifugally separating at 5000r/min, washing with cyclohexane for 3 times, pouring out the solution, and drying at 50 ℃ for 60min to obtain orange-yellow powder, namely the target product.
FIG. 1 shows single crystal CsPbBr grown in example 13The X-ray diffraction spectrum of the nano-wire has no impurity peak, and the product is pure CsPbBr3
FIG. 2 shows the luminescence properties obtained in example 1 by using a 980nm laser as an excitation source, wherein the test wavelength range is 200-900 nm, the PL peak after laser excitation is about 550nm, the half-peak width is about 14nm, and the monochromaticity is good.
FIG. 3 shows the luminescence properties obtained in example 1 by using a 365nm laser as an excitation source, wherein the test wavelength range is 200-900 nm, the PL peak after laser excitation is around 531nm, the half-peak width is about 16nm, and the monochromaticity is good.
FIG. 4 shows the absorption spectrum of example 1, with the absorption peak at about 520nm, corresponding to the PL peak position.
Example 2
Firstly, injecting 4mL oleylamine, 4mL oleic acid and 8mL octadecene into a 50mL two-neck bottle to mix into a high boiling point solvent A; then, heating, stirring and exhausting the high-boiling-point solvent A, simultaneously heating to 100 ℃, preserving the temperature for 60min, and repeatedly washing gas for several times to obtain an oxygen-free and water vapor-free environment; subsequently, 1mmol of PbBr was added2And 0.05mmol Cs2CO3To make PbBr2:Cs2CO3Is 1: 0.05. Under the conditions of continuous stirring and protective atmosphere, heating to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 30min to finish the growth of the nanowire, then stopping heating, and cooling the reaction system to room temperature; and finally, centrifugally separating at 9000r/min, washing with cyclohexane for 3 times, pouring out the solution, and drying at 70 ℃ for 30min to obtain orange-yellow powder, namely the target product.
FIG. 5 shows single crystal CsPbBr grown in example 23X-ray diffraction spectra of nanowires, PbBr2: Cs2CO3At 1:0.05, no impurity peak appeared, indicating that the product was pure CsPbBr3
FIG. 6 shows the luminescence properties obtained in example 1 by using a 980nm laser as an excitation source, with the test wavelength range of 200-900 nm, the PL peak after laser excitation being about 551nm, and the half-peak width being about 12 nm.
FIG. 7 shows the luminescence properties obtained in example 1 by using a 365nm laser as an excitation source, wherein the test wavelength range is 200-900 nm, the PL peak after laser excitation is around 552nm, the half-peak width is about 18nm, and the monochromaticity is good.
Example 3
Firstly, injecting 3mL oleylamine, 3mL oleic acid and 6mL octadecene into a 50mL two-neck bottle to mix into a high boiling point solvent A; then, heating, stirring and exhausting the high-boiling-point solvent A, simultaneously heating to 120 ℃, keeping the temperature for 30min, and repeatedly washing gas for several times to obtain an oxygen-free and water vapor-free environment; subsequently, 1.2mmol of PbBr was added2And 0.24mmol Cs2CO3To make PbBr2:Cs2CO3Is 1: 0.2. Under the conditions of continuous stirring and protective atmosphere, heating to 110 ℃, preserving heat for 40min to finish the growth of the nanowire, then stopping heating, and cooling the reaction system to room temperature; and finally, centrifugally separating at 7000r/min, washing with cyclohexane for 3 times, pouring off the solution, and drying at 60 ℃ for 40min to obtain orange-yellow powder, namely the target product.
FIG. 8 shows single crystal CsPbBr grown in example 33X-ray diffraction spectra of nanowires, PbBr2: Cs2CO3At 1:0.2, no impurity peak appeared, indicating that the product was pure CsPbBr3
In the above 3 examples, pure phase CsPbBr was obtained3The nanowire is characterized in that the shape, purity and the like of the obtained product are not changed by changing preset reaction conditions, and the feasibility of the implementation conditions is proved. The technological method adopted by the invention is simpler, more efficient, safer and harmless, and the CsPbBr can be synthesized by four stages of simple exhaust, temperature rise, heat preservation and temperature reduction3Nanowire to avoid high temperature and timeAnd (4) consuming.
The one-dimensional nanowire material is a novel photovoltaic material, has good light absorption characteristics, and has potential application in light emitting diodes, display devices and the aspect of improving the photovoltaic characteristics of solar cells. Robert Feidenhansl and the like of Boer research institute of Copenhagen university in Denmark deeply research various nano linear materials, and the discovery that an LED made of nanowires can provide a brighter light source only by utilizing very little external energy. Currently, GaN nanowire LEDs and InGaN nanowire LEDs have been prepared and have received a wide attention. And all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3The emergence of nanowires provides a new direction for the development of one-dimensional nanowire LEDs.
The method is mainly characterized in that pure-phase CsPbBr can be obtained according to the formula proportion of the raw materials3A compound is provided. Relative to Cs4PbBr6And other compounds of other chemical proportions, CsPbBr3The compound is a multifunctional material and has excellent up-conversion performance and particularly good down-conversion luminescence performance. The up-conversion and down-conversion luminescence spectrogram provided by the invention has very narrow bandwidth, is a particularly excellent luminescence characteristic close to monochromatic color, and has important functions in the fields of green luminescence, display, anti-counterfeiting marks and the like.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. Solution method for preparing all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3The preparation method of the nano-wire is characterized in that Cs is used2CO3And PbBr2Adding the reactant into a high-boiling-point solvent A prepared by mixing oleylamine, oleic acid and octadecene, mixing and stirring the oleic acid, the oleylamine and the octadecene according to a volume ratio of 1:1:2, cooling the prepared high-boiling-point solvent A to room temperature, and mixing the solvent A and the solvent A according to a molar ratio of (0.05-0.2): 1 addition of Cs2CO3And PbBr2Obtaining a mixed solution B, heating the mixed solution B for reaction under continuous stirring and inert gas to finish the growth of nanowires, wherein the heating temperature is 100-120 ℃, the reaction time in the inert gas is 30-60 min, and PbBr is added21 to 1.2mmol, Cs2CO30.05-0.24 mmol, stopping heating, cooling the reaction system to room temperature, removing solvent residues by solid-liquid separation after the reaction is finished, and preparing the single-phase all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3A nanowire.
2. The solution method for preparing fully inorganic perovskite CsPbBr according to claim 13The preparation method of the nanowire is characterized in that the high boiling point solvent A is heated and stirred, air extraction and temperature rise treatment are carried out simultaneously, and an oxygen-free and water vapor-free reaction environment is obtained for at least 60 min.
3. The solution method for preparing fully inorganic perovskite CsPbBr according to claim 13The preparation method of the nanowire is characterized in that the inert gas is high-purity argon or nitrogen.
4. The solution method for preparing fully inorganic perovskite CsPbBr according to claim 13The preparation method of the nanowire is characterized in that solid-liquid separation is carried out by adopting centrifugal separation, and the centrifugal rate is 5000-9000 r/min; then washed with cyclohexane.
5. The solution method for preparing fully inorganic perovskite CsPbBr according to claim 13The preparation method of the nanowire is characterized in that after solid-liquid separation, the temperature is controlled to be 50-70 ℃, and drying treatment is carried out for 30-60 minutes to obtain orange single-phase all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3A nanowire.
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CN110171845A (en) * 2019-06-05 2019-08-27 山东大学 A kind of preparation method and its high-performance infrared acquisition application of the unleaded metal halide perovskite nano wire of full-inorganic
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