CN109773263B - Horizontal broaching machine body, manufacturing method thereof and broaching machine - Google Patents

Horizontal broaching machine body, manufacturing method thereof and broaching machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109773263B
CN109773263B CN201910215263.7A CN201910215263A CN109773263B CN 109773263 B CN109773263 B CN 109773263B CN 201910215263 A CN201910215263 A CN 201910215263A CN 109773263 B CN109773263 B CN 109773263B
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Prior art keywords
pawl
lathe bed
broach
machine body
lock
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CN109773263A (en
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刘卫东
杜继富
刘嘉成
刘端瑞
俞波
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Shandong Woda Heavy Machine Tool Co ltd
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Shandong Woda Heavy Machine Tool Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a horizontal broaching machine body, a manufacturing method thereof and a broaching machine, and belongs to the field of machine tools. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the automatic drawing machine comprises a rectangular frame-shaped lathe bed, wherein a workbench is arranged at the front end of the lathe bed, a broach hole is formed in the workbench, a piston center hole is formed in the rear end face of the lathe bed, two cylindrical guide rails are arranged inside the lathe bed, two ends of each guide rail are fixed on the workbench and the rear end face of the lathe bed, the two guide rails are arranged in parallel, a plurality of groups of guide supports are arranged at the lower parts of the guide rails, the guide supports are fixed on the lathe bed, and the upper parts of the guide supports are support surfaces in an open state and are in contact with the lower side faces of the guide rails.

Description

Horizontal broaching machine body, manufacturing method thereof and broaching machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to a horizontal broaching machine body, a manufacturing method thereof and a broaching machine, and belongs to the field of machine tools.
Background
The broaching machine is a machine tool for machining various molded inner and outer surfaces by using a broaching tool as a cutter. The workpiece is cut straight by the stationary tool during processing.
Because of the length of the machine body, the deep and long holes of the horizontal hydraulic broaching machine are difficult to process, and the current manufacturing method generally adopts turning processing or special machining. The concentricity of the turning processing error is large and is difficult to ensure; the special machine is used for processing, and the special machine has high manufacturing cost and long period.
The existing horizontal hydraulic broaching machine still has some defects when in use:
1. the existing horizontal hydraulic broaching machine has the problems that vibration is caused when the stroke is long, and particularly the problem that the longer the broaching length is, the more remarkable the problem is, so that the machining precision is reduced, and the production efficiency is greatly influenced.
2. The broaching machine needs to frequently go up and down the sword in processing, but current broaching tool and the location of work piece layer board seat are through the mode of artifical plug-in card, and manual operation is troublesome, and work load is big, and easily makes the hand dye greasy dirt.
3. The longer stroke causes the problems of abrasion and compression deformation of the used guide rail, and the machining precision is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a horizontal broaching machine body, a manufacturing method thereof and a broaching machine, solves the problems of deformation and vibration existing in a long-stroke guide structure, and realizes automation of broaching installation and positioning and tool withdrawal.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the horizontal broaching machine body comprises a rectangular frame-shaped machine body, wherein a workbench is arranged at the front end of the machine body, a through hole is formed in the workbench and concentric with a centering hole of a hydraulic cylinder at the rear end face of the machine body, two cylindrical guide rails are arranged in the machine body, two ends of each guide rail are fixed on the workbench and the rear end face of the machine body and are parallel to concentric holes of a broach and the hydraulic cylinder, a plurality of groups of guide supports are arranged at the lower parts of the guide rails and fixed on the machine body, and an open arc-shaped surface support guide rail is arranged at the upper parts of the guide supports.
The guide rail is provided with a working support plate, a sliding surface which is contacted with the upper surface of the guide rail is arranged below the working support plate, the sliding surface is an arc surface facing downwards, and the working support plate is provided with a through hole for connecting a hydraulic cylinder rod and a broach and can slide along the guide rail along with the forward and backward movement of the hydraulic cylinder rod.
Preferably, the front end face of the working supporting plate is provided with a double-pawl lock, the double-pawl lock comprises a lock body, a pin shaft, a pressure spring and a pawl, one end of the lock body is coaxially and directly connected with a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the middle part of the pawl is hinged below the lock body through the pin shaft, the pressure spring is arranged on the inner side of the tail end of the pawl, in a free state, one end of the pressure spring jacks up the tail end of the pawl through the lock body and rotates through the pin shaft, so that the double pawl folds to clamp a broach handle, an oil cylinder rod is in butt joint with the broach handle, a roller is arranged outside the double pawl, the tail end of the pawl is pressed down by the roller and the pressure spring is compressed, and the double-pawl head is opened, so that the double-pawl lock is separated from the broach and is prepared for retracting actions.
Preferably, the rollers are arranged on the roller frame through the rotating shaft, the roller frame is fixed on a positioning plate in the broaching machine, which is close to the workbench, the distance between the peripheral surface parts of the two rollers at the opposite inner sides is smaller than the maximum rear distance when the two swing lock pins are in a locking state, and the rollers are positioned at the middle positions of the extending surfaces of the two fixing plates.
Preferably, the bottom of the lathe bed is provided with a plurality of groups of supporting legs with adjustable heights, the top of the lathe bed is an open surface, and fixing beams on two side surfaces are arranged.
Preferably, the support surface of the guide support is an arc surface supporting guide rail, the lower part of the guide support is arranged inside the lathe bed through the mounting frame, and the lower surface of the working supporting plate is an arc surface and can slide along the guide rail.
The method for manufacturing the horizontal broaching machine body comprises the following steps,
1) Accurately machining the upper side surface and the outer surface of one side surface of the lathe bed, wherein the two side surfaces are kept vertical and serve as reference surfaces, and the front end surface and the rear end surface of the workbench are machined to be vertical to the reference surfaces and are parallel to each other;
2) The workbench of the lathe bed, the working support plate and the oil cylinder connecting plate at the rear end face of the lathe bed are fastened together in parallel, and then the fixing holes of the two guide rails and the center hole of the piston rod are machined simultaneously;
3) The side surface of one side of the lathe bed is used as a reference to initially install the workbench and the oil cylinder connecting plate on the front end and the rear end of the lathe bed, the workbench and the oil cylinder connecting plate are initially fastened by screws, the relative positions of the workbench and the oil cylinder connecting plate and the machine frame are rotationally aligned by two concentric rods, and the screws are further fastened and fixed by positioning pins when the concentric rods rotate for one circle without obvious sinking points.
The broaching machine comprises a machine body, a broaching tool support frame and a hydraulic oil cylinder support frame, wherein the hydraulic oil cylinder support frame is arranged at the rear end of the machine body, is used for fixing a hydraulic oil cylinder and is concentric with the broaching tool hole; the broach support frame is arranged at the front end of the lathe bed and is provided with a plurality of groups of broach support rollers to form a rolling guide rail of the broach; the end part of the broach support frame is provided with a tool retracting oil cylinder, and a piston of the tool retracting oil cylinder is used for fixing the broach and carrying out automatic tool feeding and tool retracting.
The front end of a piston rod of the retracting cylinder is connected with a pawl lock, the pawl lock comprises a lock body, a pin shaft, a pressure spring and a pawl, the rear end of the lock body is coaxially and directly connected with the piston rod of the retracting cylinder, the middle part of the pawl is hinged to the lock body through the pin shaft, the pressure spring is arranged on the inner side of the tail end of the pawl, in a free state, one end of the pressure spring jacks up the tail end of the pawl through the lock body, the pawl is folded through the rotation of the pin shaft, the tail end of the retracting cylinder is clamped, the rod of the retracting cylinder is butted with the tail end of the retracting cylinder, a pinch roller is arranged at the lower part of the pawl, and after the pressure spring is compressed by the pinch roller, the pawl head is opened, so that the pawl lock is separated from the retracting cylinder and the retracting cylinder.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) The supporting structure of the guide rail is arranged, so that the problems of long-stroke abrasion and compression deformation are avoided, and the service life of the product is prolonged;
2) The mounting and positioning structure and the retracting structure of the broach are arranged, so that the automatic mounting and retracting of the broach are realized, the production efficiency is improved, and the problem of poor manual operation environment is avoided;
3) The split multi-wall plate is used for simultaneous processing and assembling, so that the problem that the long-stroke bed body is difficult to process is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall construction view of a broaching machine according to the present invention,
figure 2 is a cut-away view of the broaching machine of the present invention,
figure 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of figure 2,
figure 4 is a side cutaway view of the present invention,
fig. 5 is a top view of the broaching machine of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
the tool comprises a tool body 1, support legs 2, a workbench 3, a working support plate 4, a double-pawl lock 5, a broach 6, a pawl lock 7, a guide rail 8, a guide support 9, an oil cylinder 10, a broach support frame 11, a hydraulic oil cylinder support frame 12, a broach support roller 13, a broach support roller 14, a tool retracting roller 15, a fixed beam 16, a piston rod 501, a lock body 502, a pawl 503, a pawl head 504, a pressure spring 505, a roller frame 506, a 507 positioning plate and a broach handle 601.
Detailed Description
The specific structure of the present invention is further described below:
the horizontal broaching machine body disclosed by the invention as shown in fig. 1 structurally comprises a rectangular frame-shaped machine body 1, wherein the front end of the machine body 1 is provided with a workbench 3, the workbench 3 is provided with a hole, and the rear end surface of the machine body 1 is provided with an oil cylinder mounting spigot and a through hole. The bottom of the lathe bed 1 is provided with a plurality of groups of feet 2, the top of the lathe bed 1 is an open surface, and a fixed beam 15 connected with two side surfaces is arranged.
The inside two cylindric guided way 8 that are equipped with of lathe bed 1, the both ends of guided way 8 are fixed in on the hydro-cylinder connecting plate of workstation 3 and lathe bed 1's rear end face, and two guided way 8 and hydro-cylinder broach hole parallel arrangement are equipped with multiunit direction support 9 in the lower part of guided way 8, and direction support 9 upper portion is the holding surface of open state and contacts with the below of guided way 8, and the holding surface of direction support 9 is the arc surface and matches below of guided way 8, and direction support 9 lower part passes through the mounting bracket and installs inside lathe bed 1. The guide rail 8 is provided with a working supporting plate 4, the lower side surface of the working supporting plate 4 is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and the inner side surface of the arc-shaped groove is a sliding guide surface and is contacted with the upper side surface of the guide rail 8. The supporting structure of the guide rail and the installation mode of the working supporting plate arranged at the position not only can realize effective support on the guide rail, but also can manually adjust and compensate the precision of the machine tool for abrasion or compression deformation caused by long-time working of the kinematic pair.
The upper part of the working supporting plate 4 is provided with a through hole parallel to the two guide rails 8, the through hole is concentric with the piston rod 16 and the cutter retracting cylinder 14 and is used for supporting and fixing the double-pawl lock 5, the front end of the piston rod 16 is provided with the double-pawl lock, the double-pawl lock comprises a lock body, a pin shaft, a pressure spring and a pawl, one end of the lock body is coaxially and directly connected with the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the middle part of the pawl is hinged below the lock body through the pin shaft, the pressure spring is arranged at the inner side of the tail end of the pawl, in a free state, one end of the pressure spring jacks the tail end of the pawl through the pin shaft to rotate, so that the double pawl folds and clamps the cutter retracting handle, the cylinder rod is butted with the cutter retracting handle, rollers are arranged outside the double pawl, the tail end of the pawl is pressed down by the rollers and the pressure spring is compressed, and the double-pawl head is opened, so that the double-pawl lock is separated from the cutter retracting action is prepared.
Two rollers 505 are arranged on the inner side of the front end surface of the lathe bed 1, the rollers 505 are arranged above and below the broaching tool 6, and when the rollers 505 press the rear ends of the swing lock pins 502, front end opening lock bolts 503 of the two swing lock pins 502 are separated from a broaching tool handle 601 of the broaching tool 6.
The rollers 505 are arranged on the roller frame 506 through rotating shafts, the roller frame 506 is fixed on a positioning plate 507 in the broaching machine, which is close to the workbench 3, the distance between the peripheral surface parts of the two rollers 505 at the opposite inner sides is smaller than the maximum rear distance when the two swinging lock pins 502 are in a locking state, and the rollers 505 are positioned at the middle positions of the extending surfaces of the two fixing plates 501.
The fixed knot of broach front end that this department set up carries out effectual fixed with the broach when the action, can realize the unclamping of broach through gyro wheel extrusion swing lockpin after the work is finished, has realized that the broach is fixed in the mechanical operation that loosens, avoids the precision and the greasy dirt problem that the manual work direct operation brought.
In order to realize high-precision machining of the horizontal broaching machine body, the patent designs a method for manufacturing the horizontal broaching machine body, which comprises the following steps,
1. the method comprises the steps of precisely machining the upper side surface and the outer surface of one side surface of a lathe bed 1, wherein the two side surfaces are kept vertical and serve as reference surfaces, and the front end surface and the rear end surface of a workbench 3 are machined to be vertical to the reference surfaces and are parallel to each other;
2. the working table 3, the working supporting plate 4 and the oil cylinder connecting plate at the rear end face of the lathe bed 1 are fastened together in parallel, and then the fixing holes of the two guide rails 8 and the center hole of the piston rod 16 are machined simultaneously;
3. the side surface of one side of the lathe bed 1 is used as a reference to initially install a workbench 3 and an oil cylinder connecting plate on the front end and the rear end of the lathe bed 1, the workbench 3 and the oil cylinder connecting plate are initially fastened by screws, the relative positions of the workbench 3 and the oil cylinder connecting plate and a frame thereof are rotationally aligned by two concentric rods, and the screws are further fastened and fixed by positioning pins when the concentric rods rotate for one circle smoothly without obvious sinking points.
The assembling method for simultaneously processing the multi-concentricity Kong Ranhou by using the split multi-wall plate and aligning the concentric rods for remote pulling ensures the multi-hole parallelism of the lathe bed, the hole pitch and other precision, and improves the installation precision of products.
The broaching machine with the broaching machine body is structurally shown in fig. 1-6, and comprises a machine body 1, a broaching support frame 11 and a hydraulic cylinder support frame 12, wherein the broaching support frame 11 is arranged at the front end of the machine body 1, the hydraulic cylinder support frame is arranged at the rear end of the machine body 1, a retracting cylinder 14 is arranged at the end part of the broaching support frame 11, and a piston of the retracting cylinder 14 is used for fixing the broaching 6 to automatically feed and retract the broaching. The broach support frame 11 is provided with a plurality of broach support rollers 13 for supporting the broach 6; the hydraulic cylinder 10 is fixed in the hydraulic cylinder support frame 12, and a piston of the hydraulic cylinder 10 penetrates into the lathe bed 1 from a piston center hole of a cylinder connecting plate at the rear end surface of the lathe bed 1.
The pawl lock 7 is arranged at the front end of a piston of the retracting cylinder 14, the pawl lock 7 comprises a lock body fixed at the front end of the piston, a broach 6 is arranged at the front end of the lock body to penetrate into a fixed groove, the middle part of a pawl is hinged to the lock body through a pin shaft, a pressure spring is arranged at the inner side of the tail end of the pawl, in a free state, one end of the pressure spring jacks up the tail end of the pawl through the lock body and rotates through the pin shaft to fold the pawl to clamp the tail end of the broach, a retracting cylinder rod is in butt joint with the tail end of the broach, a pinch roller is arranged at the lower part of the pawl, and the tail end of the pawl is opened after the pinch roller compresses the pressure spring along with forward pushing of the retracting cylinder.
The structure realizes the work-returning operation of the broach after the machining is finished, and simultaneously realizes the loosening of the broach when the broach is replaced and the automatic operation when the broach is installed.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a horizontal broaching machine body, including lathe bed (1) of rectangle frame form, the front end of lathe bed (1) is equipped with workstation (3), workstation (3) are equipped with the broach hole, and with the centering hole of the rear end hydraulic cylinder of lathe bed (1), be equipped with two cylindric guided way (8) in lathe bed (1), both ends of guided way (8) are fixed in on the rear end face of workstation (3) and lathe bed (1), two guided way (8) are on a parallel with broach and the concentric hole of hydraulic cylinder, characterized by, the lower part of guided way (8) is equipped with multiunit guide support (9), guide support (9) are fixed in lathe bed (1), guide support (8) are supported to the holding surface of guide support (9) upper portion for open state, set up work layer board (4) on guide rail (8), the sliding surface that is contacted with the upside of guided way (8) is established to the sliding surface, the sliding surface is downward open breach;
the front end face of the working supporting plate is provided with a double-pawl lock, the double-pawl lock comprises a lock body, a pin shaft, a pressure spring and a pawl, one end of the lock body is coaxially and directly connected with a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the middle part of the pawl is hinged below the lock body through the pin shaft, the pressure spring is arranged on the inner side of the tail end of the pawl, in a free state, one end of the pressure spring jacks up the tail end of the pawl through the lock body, the double pawl folds up to clamp a broach handle through the rotation of the pin shaft, the piston rod is butted with the broach handle, a roller is arranged outside the double pawl, the tail end of the pawl is pressed down by the roller and the pressure spring is compressed along with the forward pushing of the hydraulic piston rod, and the double-pawl head is opened, so that the double-pawl lock is separated from the broach and is prepared for retracting actions;
the rollers (505) are arranged on the roller frame (506) through rotating shafts, the roller frame (506) is fixed on a positioning plate (507) which is close to the workbench (3) in the broaching machine, the distance between the peripheral surface parts of the two rollers (505) which are positioned on the opposite inner sides is smaller than the maximum rear distance between the two swing lock pins (502) when the two swing lock pins are in a locking state, and the rollers (505) are positioned in the middle position of the extending surfaces of the two fixing plates (501).
2. The horizontal broaching machine body according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the machine body (1) is provided with a plurality of groups of height-adjustable bases (2), the top of the machine body (1) is an open surface, and a fixed beam (15) connecting two side surfaces is arranged.
3. The horizontal broaching machine body according to claim 1, wherein the supporting surface of the guide support (9) is an arc surface which is in contact with the lower side surface of the guide rail (8), the lower part of the guide support (9) is arranged in the machine body (1) through the mounting frame, the lower side surface of the work supporting plate (4) is provided with an arc groove, and the inner side surface of the arc groove is the sliding surface.
4. A method for manufacturing a horizontal broaching machine body according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps,
1) The outer surfaces of the upper side surface and one side surface of the lathe bed (1) are precisely machined, the two side surfaces are kept vertical to serve as reference surfaces, and the front end surface and the rear end surface of the workbench (3) are machined to be vertical to the reference surfaces and are parallel to each other;
2) The workbench (3) of the lathe bed (1), the working support plate (4) and the oil cylinder connecting plate at the rear end face of the lathe bed (1) are fastened together in parallel, and then the fixing holes of the two guide rails (8) and the center hole of the piston rod (16) are machined simultaneously;
3) The side surface of one side of the lathe bed (1) is used as a reference to initially install a workbench (3) and an oil cylinder connecting plate on the front end and the rear end of the lathe bed (1), the workbench (3) and the oil cylinder connecting plate are initially fastened by screws, and then the relative positions of the workbench (3) and the oil cylinder connecting plate and a frame thereof are aligned by two concentric rods in a rotating way, so that the screws are further fastened when the concentric rods rotate for one circle smoothly without obvious sinking points, and the concentric rods are fixed by positioning pins.
5. A broaching machine provided with the horizontal broaching machine body according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising a machine body (1), a broaching support (11) and a hydraulic cylinder support (12), wherein the hydraulic cylinder support is arranged at the rear end of the machine body, a hydraulic cylinder is fixed in the hydraulic cylinder support, the hydraulic cylinder is concentric with a broaching hole, and a piston of the hydraulic cylinder (10) is arranged in the machine body (1) from the center Kong Shenru of the piston of the rear end surface of the machine body (1); the broach support frame (11) is arranged at the front end of the lathe bed (1) and is provided with a plurality of groups of broach support rollers to form a rolling guide rail of the broach; the end part of the broach support frame (11) is provided with a tool retracting oil cylinder (14), and a piston of the tool retracting oil cylinder (14) is used for fixing the broach (6) to automatically feed and retract the tool.
6. The broaching machine according to claim 5, wherein the pawl lock (7) is arranged at the front end of the piston of the retracting cylinder (14), the pawl lock (7) comprises a lock body fixed at the front end of the piston, the middle part of the pawl is hinged to the lock body through a pin shaft, the pressure spring is arranged at the inner side of the tail end of the pawl, in a free state, one end of the pressure spring jacks up the tail end of the pawl through the lock body, the pawl is rotated through the pin shaft to fold the pawl and clamp the tail end of the broaching tool, the retracting piston rod is butted with the tail end of the broaching tool, the pinch roller is arranged at the lower part of the pawl, and the tail end of the pawl is opened after the pinch roller compresses the pressure spring along with the forward pushing of the retracting cylinder.
CN201910215263.7A 2019-03-21 2019-03-21 Horizontal broaching machine body, manufacturing method thereof and broaching machine Active CN109773263B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN109773263B true CN109773263B (en) 2024-03-05

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1118410A2 (en) * 2000-01-18 2001-07-25 Oswald Forst Maschinenfabrik und Apparatebauanstalt GmbH & Co Kommanditgesellschaft Broaching machine
CN201161347Y (en) * 2008-01-15 2008-12-10 准力机械股份有限公司 Auxiliary support structure for middle section of long travel range drive rod of processor
CN101337291A (en) * 2007-09-21 2009-01-07 庄全林 Vertical type internal broaching machine
CN202804335U (en) * 2012-09-04 2013-03-20 张云康 Horizontal hydraulic drawing bench
CN203437740U (en) * 2013-08-08 2014-02-19 天津市建丰液压机械有限公司 Broaching machine
CN105522414A (en) * 2016-01-22 2016-04-27 浙江大学 Novel drill bit clamp capable of amplifying clamping force
CN205817593U (en) * 2016-08-02 2016-12-21 洛阳昌力机械有限公司 A kind of ingot-containing tube inner hole refined grinding machine
CN209867543U (en) * 2019-03-21 2019-12-31 山东沃达重工机床有限公司 Horizontal broaching machine body and broaching machine thereof

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1118410A2 (en) * 2000-01-18 2001-07-25 Oswald Forst Maschinenfabrik und Apparatebauanstalt GmbH & Co Kommanditgesellschaft Broaching machine
CN101337291A (en) * 2007-09-21 2009-01-07 庄全林 Vertical type internal broaching machine
CN201161347Y (en) * 2008-01-15 2008-12-10 准力机械股份有限公司 Auxiliary support structure for middle section of long travel range drive rod of processor
CN202804335U (en) * 2012-09-04 2013-03-20 张云康 Horizontal hydraulic drawing bench
CN203437740U (en) * 2013-08-08 2014-02-19 天津市建丰液压机械有限公司 Broaching machine
CN105522414A (en) * 2016-01-22 2016-04-27 浙江大学 Novel drill bit clamp capable of amplifying clamping force
CN205817593U (en) * 2016-08-02 2016-12-21 洛阳昌力机械有限公司 A kind of ingot-containing tube inner hole refined grinding machine
CN209867543U (en) * 2019-03-21 2019-12-31 山东沃达重工机床有限公司 Horizontal broaching machine body and broaching machine thereof

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