CN109763503B - Supporting structure for seepage-proofing reinforcement of soft rock slope and reinforcement method thereof - Google Patents
Supporting structure for seepage-proofing reinforcement of soft rock slope and reinforcement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109763503B CN109763503B CN201910086284.3A CN201910086284A CN109763503B CN 109763503 B CN109763503 B CN 109763503B CN 201910086284 A CN201910086284 A CN 201910086284A CN 109763503 B CN109763503 B CN 109763503B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a supporting structure for seepage-proofing reinforcement of a soft rock slope and a reinforcement method thereof, and the supporting structure comprises a modified epoxy protective layer sprayed on the surface of the soft rock slope, wherein a plurality of anchoring holes are uniformly arranged on the modified epoxy protective layer, cracks are distributed around the hole walls of the anchoring holes, and organic silicon modified resin is filled in the cracks; the modified epoxy protective layer is provided with a protective layer, the top of the soft rock side slope is provided with a catch basin, the bottom of the soft rock side slope is provided with a drainage ditch, the slope surface of the soft rock side slope is uniformly provided with a plurality of capillary drainage pipes, the outer ends of the capillary drainage pipes extend out of the protective layer, and the outer ends of the capillary drainage pipes are inclined downwards. The invention can protect the soft rock side slope, effectively inhibit the construction disturbance and the strength deterioration after water of the fractured rock mass around the surface layer of the side slope and the hole wall of the anchoring hole, improve the protection strength and the stability of the side slope, and solve the problems in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of slope engineering, and particularly relates to a supporting structure for seepage-proofing reinforcement of a soft rock slope and a method thereof.
Background
With the deep development of mineral resources and the continuous development of slope engineering, the problem of soft rock slope stability becomes more and more prominent. Due to the unique physical and chemical properties of the soft rock, the soft rock is extremely sensitive to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, stress, underground water and the like, and is easy to soften and disintegrate when meeting water, so that the slope is unstable. Temporary supports are not arranged after the soft rock side slope is excavated, and the supports are supported by methods of driving fixed piles and erecting steel pipe frames when signs of landslide, collapse and the like are found, so that time and labor are wasted; in addition, after the soft rock side slope is excavated, the stability of the side slope is greatly influenced by rainfall during construction.
At present, the soft rock side slope is mostly supported by adopting methods such as a step-by-step platform arrangement method, a concrete spraying anchor net support method or an integral concrete support method, and the like, and a certain effect is achieved on improving the stability of the soft rock side slope. However, these support methods do not consider the infiltration of rainwater after the excavation of the side slope, the construction disturbance in the drilling process of the anchor rod, and the strength deterioration caused by the infiltration of cooling water into the rock mass around the hole wall, so the existing support measures are urgently needed to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a supporting structure for seepage-proofing and reinforcing a soft rock side slope, which can protect the soft rock side slope, effectively inhibit the rock mass around the surface layer of the side slope and the hole wall of an anchoring hole from being disturbed by construction and being deteriorated in strength after meeting water, improve the protection strength and stability of the side slope, and solve the problems in the prior art.
The invention provides a method for reinforcing the soft rock slope in an anti-seepage way.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the supporting structure for seepage-proofing reinforcement of the soft rock slope comprises a modified epoxy protective layer sprayed on the surface of the soft rock slope, a plurality of anchoring holes are uniformly arranged on the slope surface, cracks are distributed around the hole walls of the anchoring holes, organic silicon modified resin is filled in the cracks, grouting anchor rods are arranged in the anchoring holes, each grouting anchor rod comprises an anchor rod, and a grouting layer for fixing the anchor rod is poured between each anchor rod and each anchoring hole; the modified epoxy protective layer is provided with a protective layer, the protective layer comprises a reinforcing mesh, the reinforcing mesh is laid on the modified epoxy protective layer, the joint of the reinforcing mesh and the anchor rod is welded and fixed, and a concrete layer is poured on the reinforcing mesh; the top of soft rock side slope is equipped with the catch basin, and the bottom of soft rock side slope is equipped with the escape canal, evenly is equipped with a plurality of capillary drain pipes on the domatic of soft rock side slope, and the protective layer is outwards stretched out to capillary drain pipe outer end, and capillary drain pipe's outer end downward sloping.
Furthermore, the capillary drainage pipes are arranged on the slope surface in a quincunx mode, and the arrangement distance of the capillary drainage pipes is 250 cm-350 cm.
Furthermore, the length of the outer end of the capillary drainage pipe extending out of the protective layer is 30 cm-35 cm, and the slope of the outer end of the capillary drainage pipe inclining to the slope bottom is 1% -4%.
Furthermore, the reinforcing mesh is a rectangular mesh formed by binding reinforcing steel bars with the diameter of 8mm, and the size of the rectangular mesh is 300mm long × mm wide 300 mm.
Further, the thickness of the protective layer is 3 cm-5 cm.
Further, the grouting layer is a cement mortar layer.
An anti-seepage reinforcing method for a soft rock slope is specifically carried out according to the following steps:
step S1, excavating a soft rock slope by using mechanical equipment, finishing the slope, removing pumice and loose rocks from top to bottom, and building construction platforms along the finished slope in layers;
step S2, marking positions of capillary drainage pipes and anchoring holes on the slope surface, wherein the anchoring holes are uniformly distributed on the slope surface of the soft rock slope, and the capillary drainage pipes are distributed on the slope surface in a quincunx shape; spraying modified epoxy resin on the surface of the newly excavated side slope, avoiding the positions of the capillary drainage pipe and the anchoring hole, and bonding the cured modified epoxy resin with concrete on the surface of the side slope to form a modified epoxy protective layer with strong hydrophobicity, wherein the thickness of the modified epoxy protective layer is 0.1-0.3 mm;
step S3, excavating a water intercepting ditch at the top of the slope, excavating a drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope, excavating a water seepage groove at the mark of the capillary drainage pipe, placing a capillary drainage pipe in the water seepage groove, embedding the inner end of the capillary drainage pipe into the slope, extending the outer end of the capillary drainage pipe outwards out of the slope, and inclining the outer end of the capillary drainage pipe towards the bottom of the slope;
step S4, drilling an anchoring hole at the mark of the anchoring hole by adopting a wet drilling method, injecting organic silicon modified resin as cooling liquid in the process of drilling the anchoring hole, cooling the drill bit and carrying drilling slag, simultaneously infiltrating the cooling liquid along the cracks around the hole wall, and reinforcing the rock mass around the anchoring hole after the cooling liquid is solidified;
step S5, when the depth of the anchoring hole reaches the design requirement, the high-pressure air duct is adopted to clean the hole until no rock powder or rock debris exists in the hole, the anchor rod is placed in the anchoring hole, cement mortar is poured between the anchor rod and the anchoring hole to form a grouting layer, and the cement mortar is used along with stirring;
and S6, paving a reinforcing mesh outside the modified epoxy protective layer, welding and fixing the joint of the reinforcing mesh and the anchor rod, and pouring a concrete layer on the reinforcing mesh to form the protective layer after paving, wherein the thickness of the protective layer is 3-5 cm.
Further, in the step S1, the construction platforms are arranged on the full slope, and the height of each layer of the construction platform is 2m, and the width of each layer of the construction platform is 2 m-5 m.
Further, in step S4, the preparation of the silicone modified resin uses ethoxysilane as a raw material, and directly performs hydrolytic condensation without using a solvent xylene medium to obtain a reactive silicone oligomer with good miscibility, and then performs polycondensation of the silicone oligomer and the epoxy resin to obtain the silicone modified epoxy resin.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the supporting structure for seepage-proofing reinforcement of the soft rock slope comprises a modified epoxy protective layer, a drainage system, a grouting anchor rod and a protective layer; the modified epoxy protective layer has excellent consolidation and hydrophobic performance, improves the strength of soft rock, weakens the infiltration of rainwater and improves the stability of the side slope; a plurality of anchoring holes are uniformly formed in the modified epoxy protective layer, organic silicon modified resin is infiltrated into cracks around the hole walls of the anchoring holes, the rock mass is restrained from being disintegrated in water, the rock mass around the hole walls is reinforced, and the anchor bolt supporting effect is improved.
According to the seepage-proofing reinforcing method for the soft rock side slope, the modified epoxy resin is sprayed on the surface of the side slope which is just excavated, the modified epoxy resin is bonded with concrete on the surface of the side slope after being solidified to form a modified epoxy protective layer with strong hydrophobicity, and the modified epoxy protective layer can prevent soft rock disintegration caused by water infiltration and improve the strength of the soft rock, is simple, convenient and efficient, and ensures the safety during construction; the thickness of the modified epoxy protective layer is 0.1 mm-0.3 mm, and the bonding strength of the modified epoxy resin and the slope surface concrete is more than 2 MPa; the organic silicon modified resin is injected as the cooling liquid in the process of drilling the anchoring hole, the cooling liquid cools the drill bit and simultaneously carries the drilling slag to permeate into cracks around the hole wall, the rock mass around the anchoring hole is reinforced, the rock mass is restrained from disintegrating in water, the rock mass around the surface layer of the side slope and the hole wall of the anchoring hole is effectively restrained from being disturbed by construction and being deteriorated in strength after meeting water, and the effectiveness of side slope protection is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the seepage-proofing reinforcing method for the soft rock slope.
In the figure, 1, a modified epoxy protective layer; 21. intercepting a ditch; 22. a drainage ditch; 23. a capillary drain pipe; 3. grouting an anchor rod; 31. cracking; 32. an anchor rod; 33. grouting layer; 4. a protective layer; 41. a reinforcing mesh; 42. and a concrete layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The supporting structure for seepage-proofing reinforcement of the soft rock slope comprises a modified epoxy protective layer 1 sprayed on the surface of the soft rock slope, a plurality of anchoring holes are uniformly arranged on the slope, cracks 31 are distributed around the wall of each anchoring hole, and organic silicon modified resin is filled in each crack 31 to inhibit rock mass from disintegrating in water and reinforce the rock mass around the wall of each anchoring hole; a grouting anchor rod 3 is arranged in the anchoring hole, the grouting anchor rod 3 comprises an anchor rod 32, a grouting layer 33 for fixing the anchor rod 32 is poured between the anchor rod 32 and the anchoring hole, and the grouting layer 33 is a cement mortar layer; the modified epoxy protective layer 1 is provided with a protective layer 4, the protective layer 4 comprises a reinforcing mesh 41, the reinforcing mesh 41 is laid on the modified epoxy protective layer 1, the joint of the reinforcing mesh 41 and the anchor rod 32 is welded and fixed, a concrete layer 42 is poured on the reinforcing mesh 41, and the thickness of the protective layer 4 is 3 cm-5 cm; the drainage system comprises a catch basin 21 arranged at the top of a slope, a drainage ditch 22 arranged at the bottom of the slope and capillary drainage pipes 23 embedded in the slope, wherein the catch basin 21 is arranged at the top of a soft rock slope, the drainage ditch 22 is arranged at the bottom of the soft rock slope, a plurality of capillary drainage pipes 23 are uniformly arranged on the slope surface of the soft rock slope, the capillary drainage pipes 23 are arranged on the slope surface in a quincunx shape, the arrangement interval of the capillary drainage pipes 23 is 250-350 cm, the length of the outer ends of the capillary drainage pipes 23 extending out of the protective layer 4 is 30-35 cm, the slope of the outer ends of the capillary drainage pipes 23 inclining towards the sloping field is 1-4%, the outer ends of the capillary drainage pipes 23 extend out of the protective layer 4, and the.
The thickness of protective layer 4 is 3cm ~5cm, and reinforcing bar net 41 adopts the reinforcement of diameter 8mm to ligate to rectangular mesh, and rectangular mesh's size is for length 300mm × wide 300 mm.
The seepage-proofing reinforcing method for the soft rock side slope adopts the seepage-proofing reinforced supporting structure for the soft rock side slope, as shown in figure 2, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1, side slope excavation: adopting mechanical equipment to excavate soft rock side slopes, finishing the side slopes, removing pumice and loose rocks from top to bottom, setting up construction platforms along the finished slope in a layered mode, arranging the construction platforms on the full slope, and enabling the height of each layer of construction platform to be 2m and the width to be 2 m-5 m.
Step S2, spraying a modified epoxy protective layer 1: marking the positions of the capillary drainage pipes 23 and the anchoring holes on the slope surface, wherein the anchoring holes are uniformly distributed on the slope surface of the soft rock slope, and the capillary drainage pipes 23 are distributed on the slope surface according to a quincunx shape; spraying modified epoxy resin on the surface of the newly excavated side slope, avoiding the positions of the capillary drain pipe 23 and the anchoring hole, bonding the cured modified epoxy resin with concrete on the surface of the side slope to form a modified epoxy protective layer 1 with strong hydrophobicity, wherein the modified epoxy protective layer 1 can prevent the soft rock from disintegrating due to water infiltration, can improve the strength of the soft rock, is simple, convenient and efficient, and ensures the safety during construction; the thickness of the modified epoxy protective layer 1 is 0.1 mm-0.3 mm, and the bonding strength of the modified epoxy resin and the slope surface concrete is more than 2 MPa.
The arrangement distance of the capillary drainage pipes 23 is 250 cm-350 cm, the capillary drainage pipes are recommended values of building slope engineering technical specifications, water inside the slope can be effectively drained, the gradient of the capillary drainage pipes 23 is 1% -4%, the capillary drainage pipes 23 are arranged on the slope surface in a quincunx manner, and the capillary drainage pipes 23 drain seepage water in the slope and flow into the drainage ditch 22 along the slope surface.
The modified epoxy resin is sprayed on the surface of the slope in times to form a modified epoxy protective layer 1, the modified epoxy protective layer has strong hydrophobicity, the bonding strength with concrete on the surface of the slope is greater than 2MPa, the thickness of the modified epoxy protective layer 1 after drying is 0.1 mm-0.3 mm, and according to the industrial standard of epoxy resin waterproof coating, the modified epoxy protective layer has protection benefits and does not cause material waste for ensuring that the material is coated on the whole slope. The modified epoxy resin contains various active functional groups such as hydroxyl and the like, and can perform dehydration polycondensation reaction with the hydroxyl on the surface of the rock sample to generate a firmly bonded Si-O-Si bond, so that the modified epoxy protective layer 1 has excellent connection performance with the rock sample; the organic silicon hydrophobic membrane layer which is formed by the interaction of the modified epoxy resin and the hydroxyl on the surface of the rock sample and has a cross-linked network structure covers the surface of the rock sample, so that the surface of the rock sample is changed from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity; the machine adopts mechanical layered spraying, improves the operation efficiency and has better uniformity.
Step S3, a drainage system is set: the method comprises the steps of digging a cut-off ditch 21 at the top of a slope, digging a drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope, digging a water seepage groove at the mark of a capillary drainage pipe 23, placing the capillary drainage pipe 23 in the water seepage groove, embedding the inner end of the capillary drainage pipe 23 into the slope, extending the outer end of the capillary drainage pipe 23 outwards to form a slope surface, inclining the outer end of the capillary drainage pipe 23 towards the bottom of the slope, absorbing and discharging seepage water in a rock stratum through a capillary structure and a siphon principle, and forming a complete drainage system by matching with the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope.
Step S4, wet drilling a hole: drilling an anchoring hole at a mark position of the anchoring hole by adopting a wet drilling method, injecting organic silicon modified resin as cooling liquid in the process of drilling the anchoring hole, cooling a drill bit and carrying drilling slag, simultaneously infiltrating the cooling liquid along a crack 31 around the hole wall, solidifying the cooling liquid, reinforcing a rock mass around the anchoring hole, and inhibiting the rock mass from disintegrating in water;
the cooling liquid is poured into the hole during drilling, the cooling effect is achieved during the circulation process, the drilling slag is brought out of the hole, the drill bit can disturb the soft rock to generate a plurality of cracks 31 during the drilling process, the cooling liquid penetrates along the cracks 31 around the hole wall during pouring, and the cooling liquid is solidified after a period of time, so that the reinforcing effect is achieved;
preparation of the organic silicon modified resin: taking a mixed oxysilane monomer as a raw material, directly carrying out hydrolytic condensation without using a solvent xylene medium to prepare a reactive organosilicon oligomer with good miscibility, and then carrying out polycondensation on the organosilicon oligomer and epoxy resin to obtain organosilicon modified epoxy resin; considering that the cooling liquid needs to have better fluidity, the invention preferably selects the ethoxysilane as the raw material, and in the hydrolytic condensation process, the byproduct ethanol is a good solvent of the ethoxysilane, water and silanol, so that the concentration of the silanol is reduced, the polycondensation speed is reduced, the premature gelation of resin is avoided, and convenience is provided for construction; the organic silicon modified resin is cured at room temperature (18-22 ℃), contains functional groups such as hydroxyl, methyl, carboxyl, epoxy and the like, reacts with soft rock, has the effects of reinforcing, preventing seepage and inhibiting disintegration, and effectively inhibits the problems of construction disturbance and strength deterioration after meeting water of rock masses around the surface layer of the side slope and the hole wall of the anchoring hole.
Step S5, the anchor 32 is installed: when the depth of the anchoring hole reaches the design requirement, the high-pressure air duct is adopted for hole cleaning until no rock powder or rock slag exists in the hole, the anchor rod 32 is placed into the anchoring hole, cement mortar is poured between the anchor rod 32 and the anchoring hole to form a grouting layer 33, the cement mortar is used along with stirring, and the cement mortar is guaranteed to be used up before the grout is initially set.
Step S6, casting a protective layer 4: after the anchor rod 32 is installed and detected, a reinforcing mesh 41 is laid on the modified epoxy protective layer 1, the joint of the reinforcing mesh 41 and the anchor rod 32 is welded and fixed, after the laying is finished, a concrete layer 42 is poured on the reinforcing mesh 41 to form a protective layer 4, and the thickness of the protective layer 4 is 3 cm-5 cm.
The soft rock slope is drilled with anchoring holes by a wet drilling method, and the holes are filled with clear water in the drilling process to play roles of cooling a drill bit and carrying drilling slag, but the rock mass around the anchoring holes is disturbed to form cracks 31 in the drilling process, and water can permeate along the cracks 31, so that the soft rock is disintegrated when encountering water, and the stability of the slope is damaged. According to the invention, the organic silicon modified resin is adopted to replace clear water, so that the effects of cooling and carrying drilling slag can be achieved, the organic silicon modified resin permeates into soft rock along the fracture 31 and is solidified in the fracture 31, the influence of drilling disturbance on the rock is reduced, the rock can be prevented from being waterproofed and reinforced, and the anchoring effect is improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The seepage-proofing reinforcing method for the soft rock side slope is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, excavating a soft rock slope by using mechanical equipment, finishing the slope, removing pumice and loose rocks from top to bottom, and building construction platforms along the finished slope in layers;
step S2, marking the positions of the capillary drainage pipes (23) and the anchoring holes on the slope surface, wherein the anchoring holes are uniformly distributed on the slope surface of the soft rock slope, and the capillary drainage pipes (23) are distributed on the slope surface according to a quincunx shape; spraying modified epoxy resin on the surface of the newly excavated side slope, avoiding the positions of the capillary drainage pipe (23) and the anchoring hole, bonding the cured modified epoxy resin with concrete on the surface of the side slope to form a modified epoxy protective layer (1) with strong hydrophobicity, wherein the thickness of the modified epoxy protective layer (1) is 0.1-0.3 mm;
step S3, a cut-off ditch (21) is dug at the top of a slope, a drainage ditch (22) is dug at the bottom of the slope, a water seepage groove is dug at the mark of a capillary drainage pipe (23), a capillary drainage pipe (23) is placed in the water seepage groove, the inner end of the capillary drainage pipe (23) is embedded into the slope, the outer end of the capillary drainage pipe (23) extends outwards out of the slope, and the outer end of the capillary drainage pipe (23) inclines towards the bottom of the slope;
step S4, drilling an anchoring hole at the mark of the anchoring hole by adopting a wet drilling method, injecting organic silicon modified resin as cooling liquid in the process of drilling the anchoring hole, cooling the drill bit and carrying drilling slag, simultaneously infiltrating the cooling liquid along the cracks (31) around the hole wall, and reinforcing the rock mass around the anchoring hole after the cooling liquid is solidified;
step S5, when the depth of the anchoring hole reaches the design requirement, the high-pressure air duct is adopted to clean the hole until no rock powder or rock debris exists in the hole, the anchor rod (32) is placed in the anchoring hole, cement mortar is poured between the anchor rod (32) and the anchoring hole to form a grouting layer (33), and the cement mortar is used along with stirring;
and S6, paving a reinforcing mesh (41) outside the modified epoxy protective layer (1), welding and fixing the joint of the reinforcing mesh (41) and the anchor rod (32), and pouring a concrete layer (42) on the reinforcing mesh (41) to form a protective layer (4) after the paving is finished, wherein the thickness of the protective layer (4) is 3-5 cm.
2. The seepage-proofing reinforcing method for the soft rock side slope as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the construction platforms are arranged on the full slope surface, and each layer of the construction platform is 2m in height and 2 m-5 m in width.
3. The method for seepage-proofing and reinforcing the soft rock slope according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the organosilicon modified resin is prepared by directly performing hydrolytic condensation on ethoxysilane serving as a raw material without using a solvent xylene medium to prepare a reactive organosilicon oligomer with good miscibility, and then performing polycondensation on the organosilicon oligomer and epoxy resin to obtain the organosilicon modified epoxy resin.
4. The supporting structure for seepage prevention and reinforcement of the soft rock side slope according to claim 1, wherein the capillary drainage pipes (23) are arranged on the slope surface in a quincunx manner, and the arrangement distance of the capillary drainage pipes (23) is 250-350 cm.
5. The supporting structure for seepage prevention and reinforcement of the soft rock side slope according to claim 1, wherein the length of the outer end of the capillary drainage pipe (23) extending out of the protective layer (4) is 30-35 cm, and the slope of the outer end of the capillary drainage pipe (23) inclining to the slope bottom is 1-4%.
6. The supporting structure for seepage-proofing and reinforcing of soft rock side slope according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing mesh (41) is a rectangular mesh formed by binding reinforcing steel bars with the diameter of 8mm, and the rectangular mesh has the size of × mm with the length of 300mm and the width of 300 mm.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110387895A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-10-29 | 广州中茂园林建设工程有限公司 | The comprehensive ecological means of defence of high precipitous rock slope |
| CN113279416B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-12-23 | 游永华 | Highway side slope reinforcing apparatus |
| CN114059566B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-04-07 | 长沙理工大学 | Soft rock slope semi-rigid supporting and retaining structure and construction method thereof |
| CN116122307B (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2024-06-25 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Slope emergency multistage reinforcement method |
| CN116411581A (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2023-07-11 | 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 | Composite seepage-proofing structure suitable for industrial solid waste landfill |
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