CN109759144B - Preparation method of iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst - Google Patents

Preparation method of iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst Download PDF

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CN109759144B
CN109759144B CN201910128108.1A CN201910128108A CN109759144B CN 109759144 B CN109759144 B CN 109759144B CN 201910128108 A CN201910128108 A CN 201910128108A CN 109759144 B CN109759144 B CN 109759144B
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iron oxide
solution
aniline
suspension
doped
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CN109759144A (en
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汪畅
杨雪
宋飞
彭蕾
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Jianghan University
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Jianghan University
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Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a polyaniline photocatalyst doped with iron oxide, which comprises the steps of preparing a beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution, an ammonium persulfate solution and an aniline solution, adding a plurality of nano iron oxide particles into the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution to obtain an iron oxide suspension, mixing the iron oxide suspension and the aniline solution to obtain an acid-doped aniline suspension, adding alcohol ether carboxylate into the acid-doped aniline suspension to obtain a first mixed solution, mixing the first mixed solution and the ammonium persulfate solution to obtain a second mixed solution, filtering the second mixed solution to obtain a precipitate, washing and drying the precipitate to obtain the polyaniline nanocluster doped with iron oxide, wherein the nano iron oxide particles and the alcohol ether carboxylate are added in the preparation process, and the efficient dispersion of the nano iron oxide particles in the aqueous solution is promoted by adding the alcohol ether carboxylate, so as to ensure the effectiveness of subsequent polyaniline coating and have good practicability.

Description

Preparation method of iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of preparation of inorganic nano photocatalytic materials, in particular to a preparation method of a polyaniline photocatalyst doped with iron oxide.
Background
Conductive polymers began in the 70 s as a research hotspot. Polyaniline has attracted attention in polymer batteries, electrolytic capacitors and other fields because of its unique photoelectronic effect, air stability, no toxicity and other features. However, in the field of photocatalysis, polyaniline has a band gap width of 2.48 eV, but does not have good dispersibility and good interface characteristics, and currently has not gained wide attention as an independent photocatalytic material.
At present, research on photocatalysis of conductive polymers focuses on attempts to combine the conductive polymers with inorganic semiconductor iron oxide, however, iron oxide nanopowder is easy to agglomerate in water, so that the iron oxide nanopowder is unevenly coated on polyaniline, and the photochemical activity of polyaniline is seriously affected finally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a preparation method of a polyaniline photocatalyst doped with iron oxide, which can improve the dispersibility of iron oxide nano powder and further improve the coating degree of the iron oxide nano powder on polyaniline.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one general aspect, there is provided a method for preparing an iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst, comprising the steps of:
preparing a beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution, an ammonium persulfate solution and an aniline solution;
adding a plurality of nano iron oxide particles into a beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution to obtain an iron oxide suspension;
mixing the ferric oxide suspension and the aniline solution to obtain an acid-doped aniline suspension;
adding alcohol ether carboxylate into the acid-doped aniline suspension to obtain a first mixed solution;
mixing the first mixed solution and an ammonium persulfate solution to obtain a second mixed solution;
and filtering the second mixed solution to obtain a precipitate, and washing and drying the precipitate to obtain the iron oxide-doped polyaniline nanocluster.
Preferably, the preparation of the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution, the ammonium persulfate solution, and the aniline solution specifically includes:
dissolving beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid in deionized water to obtain a beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution, and cooling the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution in an ice bath;
dissolving ammonium persulfate in deionized water to obtain an ammonium persulfate solution, and cooling the ammonium persulfate solution in an ice bath;
and adding aniline into deionized water, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain an aniline solution.
Preferably, adding a plurality of nano iron oxide particles into the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution to obtain an iron oxide suspension specifically comprising:
adding a plurality of nano iron oxide particles into a beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution;
and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution mixed with the nano iron oxide particles to obtain an iron oxide suspension.
Preferably, the step of mixing the iron oxide suspension and the aniline solution to obtain the acid-doped aniline suspension specifically comprises the following steps:
mixing the iron oxide suspension and the aniline solution;
and cooling the mixed iron oxide suspension and aniline solution in an ice bath to obtain an acid-doped aniline suspension.
Preferably, the mixing the first mixed solution and the ammonium persulfate solution to obtain the second mixed solution specifically comprises:
mixing the first mixed solution and an ammonium persulfate solution;
shaking the mixed solution to mix the solution evenly;
and cooling the vibrated solution in an ice bath to obtain a second mixed solution.
Preferably, the washing and drying of the precipitate specifically includes:
washing the precipitate with ethanol and/or deionized water;
the precipitate was dried at 80 ℃.
Preferably, in the process of adding a plurality of nano iron oxide particles into the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution, the mass ratio of the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid to the nano iron oxide particles is 10 mmol:1 g-10 mmol:2 g.
Preferably, in the process of mixing the iron oxide suspension and the aniline solution, the mass ratio of the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid to the aniline is 2g:1 g-2 g:2 g.
Preferably, in the process of adding the alcohol ether carboxylate into the acid-doped aniline suspension, the mass ratio of the alcohol ether carboxylate to the nano iron oxide particles is 10 mmol: 0.1-10 mmol:0.5 g.
Preferably, in the process of mixing the first mixed solution and the ammonium persulfate solution, the mass ratio of the ammonium persulfate to the aniline is 1g:1 g-1 g:5 g.
The invention provides a preparation method of a polyaniline photocatalyst doped with iron oxide, wherein nano iron oxide particles and alcohol ether carboxylate are added in the preparation process, and the efficient dispersion of the nano iron oxide particles in an aqueous solution is promoted by adding the alcohol ether carboxylate, so that the effectiveness of subsequent polyaniline coating is ensured, and the preparation method has good practicability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing an iron oxide doped polyaniline photocatalyst in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic of the microstructure of an iron oxide doped polyaniline photocatalyst of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the results of the test of the iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst of the present invention and other catalysts for the catalytic degradation of methyl orange.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for preparing an iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the method for preparing an iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst according to the present embodiment includes the following steps:
s01, preparing a beta-naphthalene sulfonic acid solution, an ammonium persulfate solution and an aniline solution;
in step S01 of this embodiment, the preparing of the β -naphthalenesulfonic acid solution, the ammonium persulfate solution, and the aniline solution specifically includes:
dissolving beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid in deionized water to obtain beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution, and cooling the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution in ice bath for over 0.5 h.
And dissolving ammonium persulfate in deionized water to obtain an ammonium persulfate solution, and cooling the ammonium persulfate solution in an ice bath for more than 0.5 h.
And adding aniline into deionized water, wherein due to poor solubility of aniline, aniline needs to be subjected to ultrasonic dispersion for more than 0.5h, so that aniline is dispersed in deionized water to obtain an aniline solution.
S02, adding a plurality of nano iron oxide particles into the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution to obtain an iron oxide suspension;
in step S02 of this embodiment, adding a plurality of nano iron oxide particles to the β -naphthalenesulfonic acid solution to obtain an iron oxide suspension specifically includes:
adding a plurality of nano iron oxide particles into a beta-naphthalene sulfonic acid solution.
And carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution mixed with the nano iron oxide particles to obtain an iron oxide suspension.
The added nano iron oxide particles are mainly gamma-Fe 2O3 particles, and because the solubility of the nano iron oxide particles is poor, the nano iron oxide particles also need to be subjected to ultrasonic dispersion for more than 1h, so that the nano iron oxide particles are dispersed in a beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution to obtain an iron oxide suspension.
It is noted that, in order to ensure that the required polyaniline photocatalyst doped with iron oxide can be generated through reaction, the mass ratio of various reactants needs to be controlled, and in the step, the mass ratio of the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid to the nano iron oxide particles is 10 mmol:1 g-10 mmol:2 g.
S03, mixing the ferric oxide suspension and the aniline solution to obtain an acid-doped aniline suspension;
in step S03 of this embodiment, the aniline solution is the aniline solution prepared in step S01, and the mixing of the iron oxide suspension and the aniline solution to obtain the acid-doped aniline suspension specifically includes:
firstly, a certain amount of iron oxide suspension is placed in a centrifuge tube, then aniline solution is added into the centrifuge tube, and the iron oxide suspension and the aniline solution are centrifugally mixed.
Further, the mixed iron oxide suspension and aniline solution are cooled in an ice bath for more than 2 hours to obtain an acid-doped aniline suspension.
S04, adding alcohol ether carboxylate into the acid-doped aniline suspension to obtain a first mixed solution;
in step S04 of this embodiment, an alcohol ether carboxylate is added to the acid-doped aniline suspension, and the alcohol ether carboxylate can promote efficient dispersion of the nano iron oxide particles in the aqueous solution, thereby ensuring effective polyaniline coating operation in the subsequent step.
S05, mixing the first mixed solution and an ammonium persulfate solution to obtain a second mixed solution;
in step S05 of this embodiment, mixing the first mixed solution and the ammonium persulfate solution to obtain a second mixed solution specifically includes:
a certain amount of the first mixed solution is placed in a centrifuge tube, and then an ammonium persulfate solution is added into the centrifuge tube, wherein the ammonium persulfate solution is the ammonium persulfate solution prepared in the step S01.
And then placing the centrifugal tube in a shaking device, shaking and mixing the iron oxide turbid liquid and the aniline solution to uniformly mix the iron oxide turbid liquid and the aniline solution, carrying out ice bath reaction on the mixture after the iron oxide turbid liquid and the aniline solution are shaken and uniformly mixed, wherein the reaction time is more than 18 hours, and obtaining a second mixed solution after the reaction is finished.
And S06, filtering the second mixed solution to obtain a precipitate, and washing and drying the precipitate to obtain the iron oxide-doped polyaniline nanocluster.
In step S06 of this embodiment, filtering the second mixed solution to obtain a precipitate, and washing and drying the precipitate specifically includes:
and filtering the second mixed solution after the water bath reaction is finished to obtain a reaction precipitate in the second mixed solution.
The precipitate is then washed with ethanol or deionized water, if necessary, both ethanol and deionized water.
And then, drying the precipitate for more than 10h at 80 ℃ to obtain the iron oxide-doped polyaniline nanocluster. Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the microstructure of the iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst of the present invention, in which 1 cm represents 50 nm, and the microstructure of the iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst prepared by the above-described procedure is shown in fig. 2.
Example two
As still another embodiment of the present specification, unlike the previous embodiment, in step S01 of the present embodiment, 14.6 g of β -naphthalenesulfonic acid is dissolved in 350 mL of deionized water to obtain a β -naphthalenesulfonic acid solution.
32.0 g of ammonium persulfate was dissolved in 350 mL of deionized water to obtain an ammonium persulfate solution.
Then, 3.7 g of aniline was added to 100 mL of deionized water to obtain an aniline solution.
Further, in step S02 of this example, 1.5g of nano iron oxide particles were added to 50 mL of β -naphthalenesulfonic acid solution, and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain an iron oxide suspension.
Further, in step S03 of this example, the volumes of the iron oxide suspension and the aniline solution to be mixed were the same, and 10mL each.
Further, in step S04 of this embodiment, alcohol ether carboxylate and alcohol ether carboxylate are added to the acid-doped aniline suspension, and the concentration of the alcohol ether carboxylate needs to be controlled to ensure that the concentration of the alcohol ether carboxylate is 0.05 mol/L.
Further, in step S05 of this example, 10mL of the ammonium persulfate solution was added to 20mL of the first mixed solution obtained in step S04.
EXAMPLE III
As a comparative embodiment of the present specification, unlike the previous example, in step S01 of the present example, β -naphthalenesulfonic acid was dissolved in deionized water to obtain a β -naphthalenesulfonic acid solution with a concentration of 0.2 mol/L.
And dissolving ammonium persulfate in deionized water to obtain 0.4 mol/L ammonium persulfate solution.
Then, aniline was added to deionized water to obtain a 0.55 mol/L aniline solution.
Further, in step S02 of this example, 1.2g of nano iron oxide particles were added to 50 mL of β -naphthalenesulfonic acid solution, and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain an iron oxide suspension.
Example four
As a comparative embodiment of the present specification, unlike the previous embodiment, in step S02 of the present embodiment, 1.5g of nano iron oxide particles are added to 50 mL of β -naphthalenesulfonic acid solution, and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain an iron oxide suspension.
Test experiments
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the test results of the iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst of the present invention and other catalysts for catalytic degradation of methyl orange under ultraviolet light, and five groups of materials are adopted in the present experiment, namely nano iron oxide particles, polyaniline-alcohol ether carboxylate, nano iron oxide particles-polyaniline and nano iron oxide particles-polyaniline-alcohol ether carboxylate.
As shown in fig. 3, it can be found through comparison of the first three sets of data that the activity of photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange of the material using alcohol ether carboxylate is significantly improved compared to the material without using alcohol ether carboxylate, and therefore, through first order kinetic fitting and verification of experimental data of the latter two sets of materials, it can be known that the iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst after using alcohol ether carboxylate has the fastest photocatalytic degradation rate.
The embodiment of the specification provides a preparation method of a polyaniline photocatalyst doped with iron oxide, and as nano iron oxide particles and alcohol ether carboxylate are added in the preparation process, the efficient dispersion of the nano iron oxide particles in an aqueous solution is promoted by adding the alcohol ether carboxylate, so that the effectiveness of subsequent polyaniline coating is ensured, and the preparation method has good practicability.
The foregoing description has been directed to specific embodiments of this disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of a polyaniline photocatalyst doped with iron oxide is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution, an ammonium persulfate solution and an aniline solution;
adding nano iron oxide particles into the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution to obtain an iron oxide suspension;
mixing the iron oxide suspension and the aniline solution to obtain an acid-doped aniline suspension;
adding alcohol ether carboxylate into the acid-doped aniline suspension, wherein the mass ratio of the alcohol ether carboxylate to the nano iron oxide particles is 10 mmol: 0.1-10 mmol:0.5 g, so as to obtain a first mixed solution;
mixing the first mixed solution and the ammonium persulfate solution to obtain a second mixed solution;
and filtering the second mixed solution to obtain a precipitate, and washing and drying the precipitate to obtain the iron oxide-doped polyaniline nanocluster.
2. The method for preparing the iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein the preparing of the β -naphthalenesulfonic acid solution, the ammonium persulfate solution, and the aniline solution specifically comprises:
dissolving beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid in deionized water to obtain the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution, and cooling the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution in an ice bath;
dissolving ammonium persulfate in deionized water to obtain an ammonium persulfate solution, and cooling the ammonium persulfate solution in an ice bath;
and adding aniline into deionized water, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain the aniline solution.
3. The method for preparing the iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein the step of adding nano iron oxide particles into the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution to obtain an iron oxide suspension specifically comprises:
adding the nano iron oxide particles into the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution;
and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution mixed with the nano iron oxide particles to obtain the iron oxide suspension.
4. The method for preparing the iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein the mixing of the iron oxide suspension and the aniline solution to obtain the acid-doped aniline suspension specifically comprises:
mixing the iron oxide suspension and the aniline solution;
and cooling the mixed iron oxide suspension and the aniline solution in an ice bath to obtain an acid-doped aniline suspension.
5. The method for preparing an iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein the mixing the first mixed solution and the ammonium persulfate solution to obtain a second mixed solution specifically comprises:
mixing the first mixed solution and the ammonium persulfate solution;
shaking the mixed solution to mix the solution evenly;
and cooling the vibrated solution in an ice bath to obtain a second mixed solution.
6. The method for preparing an iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst as claimed in claim 1, wherein the washing and drying the precipitate specifically comprises:
washing the precipitate with ethanol and/or deionized water;
the precipitate was left to dry in an environment of 80 ℃.
7. The preparation method of the iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein in the process of adding the nano iron oxide particles into the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid solution, the mass ratio of the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid to the nano iron oxide particles is 10 mmol:1 g-10 mmol:2 g.
8. The method for preparing the iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein in the process of mixing the iron oxide suspension and the aniline solution, the mass ratio of the beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid to the aniline is 2g:1 g-2 g:2 g.
9. The preparation method of the iron oxide-doped polyaniline photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein in the process of mixing the first mixed solution and the ammonium persulfate solution, the mass ratio of the ammonium persulfate to the aniline is 1g:1 g-1 g:5 g.
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