CN109754448B - CT cardiac scanning artifact correction method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a CT cardiac scanning artifact correction method and a system thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring two overlapping images of adjacent heart cycles by cardiac scanning; carrying out image registration on the overlapped images to obtain optimal spatial transformation; and weighting the two images of the adjacent heartbeat cycles according to the optimal spatial transformation to obtain continuous images. Relative motion parameters (spatial transformation Tr) in different heart beat periods are included in an image reconstruction algorithm, and are adjusted by an optimization method, so that step-shaped artifacts in different heart beat boundary regions are reduced, the image quality is improved, and the problems of motion artifacts and the like which cannot be solved by hardware technology can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical imaging, in particular to a CT cardiac scanning artifact correction method and a system thereof.
Background
In the prior art, in the heart scanning of the real-time electrocardiogram technology, certain overlapping of scan data in diastole of adjacent heart cycles is obtained to realize heart imaging, so that an artifact caused by heart pulsation is well relieved; however, the overlapping region which is not processed still generates splicing artifacts due to the breathing and the careless movement of the patient, and the strong artifacts may cause the failure of vessel tracking, the discontinuity of the cardiac imaging and the like.
Accordingly, there is a need for improvements and developments in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a CT cardiac scan artifact correction method and a system thereof, aiming at solving the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, and solving the problem of stitching artifacts generated in the CT cardiac scan in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a CT cardiac scan artifact correction method, comprising the steps of:
acquiring two overlapping images of adjacent heart cycles by cardiac scanning;
carrying out image registration on the overlapped images to obtain optimal spatial transformation;
and weighting the two images of the adjacent heartbeat cycles according to the optimal spatial transformation to obtain continuous images.
The CT cardiac scanning artifact correction method, wherein the step of performing image registration on the overlapped images to obtain an optimal spatial transformation specifically includes:
extracting image information of two overlapped images of adjacent heartbeat periods and respectively using the image information as a reference image and an image to be registered, forming an information space by the image to be registered and the image to be registered, and determining space transformation;
registering the image to be registered according to spatial transformation to obtain a transformed image;
calculating the similarity measure of the transformed image and the reference image;
when the similarity measure does not meet the preset condition, updating the spatial transformation and re-registering;
and outputting the first optimal spatial transformation when the similarity measure meets the preset condition.
The CT cardiac scanning artifact correction method, wherein the step of performing image registration on the overlapped images to obtain an optimized image further comprises:
replacing the reference image and the image to be registered with each other;
registering the image to be registered according to spatial transformation to obtain a transformed image;
calculating the similarity measure of the transformed image and the reference image;
when the similarity measure does not meet the preset condition, updating the spatial transformation and re-registering;
and outputting a second optimal spatial transformation when the similarity measure meets a preset condition.
The CT cardiac scanning artifact correction method comprises the following steps of:
I＝w 1 ×Tr1(I1)+w 2 ×Tr2(I2)，
w 1 ＝{1～0}，w 2 = 0 to 1 and w 1 +w 2 ＝1，
Wherein w 1 And w 2 Representing the weighting coefficients, tr1 representing the first optimal spatial transformation, tr2 representing the second optimal spatial transformation, I1 and I2 representing two images of adjacent cardiac cycles, respectively.
The CT cardiac scanning artifact correction method is characterized in that the cardiac scanning adopts a plurality of step scanning or spiral scanning which are synchronous according to the heartbeat phase.
A CT cardiac scan artifact correction system, comprising: a processor, and a memory coupled to the processor,
the memory stores a CT cardiac scan artifact correction program that when executed by the processor performs the steps of:
acquiring two overlapping images of adjacent cardiac cycles by cardiac scanning;
carrying out image registration on the overlapped images to obtain optimal spatial transformation;
and weighting the two images of the adjacent heartbeat cycles according to the optimal spatial transformation to obtain continuous images.
The CT cardiac scan artifact correction system, wherein the CT cardiac scan artifact correction procedure, when executed by the processor, further implements the steps of:
extracting image information of two overlapped images of adjacent heartbeat periods and respectively using the image information as a reference image and an image to be registered, forming an information space by the image to be registered and the image to be registered, and determining space transformation;
registering the image to be registered according to spatial transformation to obtain a transformed image;
calculating the similarity measure of the transformed image and the reference image;
when the similarity measure does not meet the preset condition, updating the spatial transformation and re-registering;
and outputting the first optimal spatial transformation when the similarity measure meets the preset condition.
The CT cardiac scan artifact correction system, wherein the CT cardiac scan artifact correction procedure, when executed by the processor, further implements the steps of:
replacing the reference image and the image to be registered with each other;
registering the image to be registered according to spatial transformation to obtain a transformed image;
calculating the similarity measure of the transformed image and the reference image;
when the similarity measure does not meet the preset condition, updating the spatial transformation and re-registering;
and outputting a second optimal spatial transformation when the similarity measure meets a preset condition.
The CT cardiac scan artifact correction system, wherein the sequential images are:
I＝w 1 ×Tr1(I1)+w 2 ×Tr2(I2)，
w 1 ＝{1～0}，w 2 = 0 to 1 and w 1 +w 2 ＝1，
Wherein, w 1 And w 2 Representing the weighting coefficients, tr1 representing the first optimal spatial transformation, tr2 representing the second optimal spatial transformation, I1 and I2 representing two images of adjacent cardiac cycles, respectively.
The CT cardiac scan artifact correction system of claim 1, wherein the cardiac scan employs a plurality of step scans or helical scans synchronized according to the phase of the heartbeat.
Has the beneficial effects that: relative motion parameters (spatial transformation Tr) in different heart beat periods are included in an image reconstruction algorithm, and are adjusted by an optimization method, so that step-shaped artifacts in different heart beat boundary regions are reduced, the image quality is improved, and the problems of motion artifacts and the like which cannot be solved by hardware technology can be solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for correcting CT cardiac scan artifacts according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a real-time electrocardiogram based cardiac scan of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a sagittal raw view of a heart image.
FIG. 4 is a sagittal plane correction map for a cardiac image.
FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the CT cardiac scan artifact correction system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides some embodiments of a CT cardiac scanning artifact correction method.
As shown in fig. 1, the CT cardiac scanning artifact correction method of the present invention includes the following steps:
step S100, two overlapping images of adjacent heart cycles are acquired by cardiac scanning.
In particular, the application of real-time electrocardiogram utilizes the characteristic that the diastolic movement in the beating cycle of the heart is relatively gentle, and acquires data sources (such as a first image I1, a second image I2, and a third image I3 in fig. 2) of the time period in a plurality of heart cycles to acquire three-dimensional reconstruction data of relatively stable cardiac scanning, thereby greatly improving the imaging quality when the heart is scanned by CT.
The overlapping image of the overlapping region of the first image and the second image is I1 overlap The overlapping image of the overlapping region of the second image with the first image is I2 overlap . The invention solves the image artifact caused by respiration and movement by the algorithm correction of the overlapping area of adjacent heartbeat cycles
The cardiac scan employs a plurality of step scans or helical scans synchronized according to the phase of the heartbeat.
And S200, carrying out image registration on the overlapped image to obtain optimal spatial transformation.
Image registration is the process of obtaining an inter-image similarity transformation (Tr), as shown in equation (1), where the best transformation is obtained with the minimum measure between the images being met.
Tr＝Reg(I1 overlap, I2 overlap )s.t.min{Dif(Tr(I2 overlap ),I1 overlap )} (1)
Where Reg (-) denotes image registration, I1 overlap Representing superimposed images of the first image superimposed with the second image, I2 overlap Representing the overlapping image of the second image that overlaps the first image. s.t. denotes if and only if min (-) denotes the minimum and Dif (-) denotes the image registration measure.
Common image registration methods include gradient descent algorithm, guass-Newton algorithm, powell algorithm and the like; the technology of the invention adopts a gradient descent algorithm, wherein the gradient descent is a method for solving the problem of unconstrained optimization through iteration, namely, the optimal solution of a Dif function in a formula (1) is solved. Suppose I1 overlap 、I2 overlap Forming a function f (x), solving the optimal solution of the function f (x) in an iterative way, and giving an initial point x k And finding the next point through iteration to obtain a better function value. The gradient descent method comprises the following specific steps:
1) Fixed point x k The direction of the negative gradient of (b) is the search direction,
2) When the search direction is selected, a point x is selected along the search direction k+1 ，x k+1 ＝x k -t k ×p k Wherein t is k The search distance along the direction of the negative gradient is called a step factor;
3) Determining whether the termination criteria are satisfied: if yes, output x k+1 ，f(x k+1 ) (ii) a If not, k = k +1, go to step 1), and the termination criterion is min { Dif (Tr (I2) overlap ),I1 overlap ) I.e. the image registration measure is minimal.
The step S200 specifically includes:
step S211, extracting image information of two overlapping images of adjacent heartbeat cycles, and using the extracted image information as a reference image and an image to be registered, respectively, forming an information space by the image to be registered and the image to be registered, and determining spatial transformation.
In the invention, both the first image and the second image can be used as reference images and also can be used as images to be registered, and certainly, when the first image is the reference image, the second image is the images to be registered. Therefore, two-way registration is performed. For example, the first image is used as a reference image, and the second image is used as an image to be registered, although the registration in the two aspects may be performed simultaneously.
And S212, registering the image to be registered according to the spatial transformation to obtain a transformed image.
The spatial transformation here uses an initial spatial transformation Tr 1 Then the first registration yields a transformed image Tr 1 (I2 overlap )。
And step S213, calculating the similarity measure between the transformed image and the reference image.
Common image registration measurement methods include euclidean distance, mean square error, mutual information and the like; the technology of the invention adopts mutual information measurement, the mutual information is the measurement of the similarity between the images, and the larger the value of the mutual information is, the higher the similarity between the images is.
Suppose A corresponds to Tr (I2) in formula (1) overlap ) The information entropy of A is H (A) = -Sigma a P A (a)log 2 P A (a) In that respect Wherein a is a positive integer, P A (. Cndot.) denotes the A region (i.e., I2) overlap Overlap region) takes the probability of the a-th symbol, Σ represents the sum symbol, and log represents the log symbol. B corresponds to Tr (I1) in the formula (1) overlap ) Then the information entropy is H (B) = -Sigma b P B (b)log 2 P B (b) In that respect Wherein b represents a positive integer, P B (. Cndot.) represents the B region (i.e., I1) overlap Overlap region) takes the probability of the b-th symbol. The joint information entropy of A and B is H (A, B) = -Sigma a,b P A,B (a,b)log 2 P A,B (a,b)，P A，B (. Cndot.) represents the probability that region A takes the a-th symbol and region B takes the B-th symbol; calculating the mutual information measure of A and B as
And step S214, when the similarity measure does not meet the preset condition, updating the spatial transformation and re-registering. Here the predetermined condition is the termination criterion, min Dif. Specifically, new pixel position information is acquired based on Reg (gradient descent), and the spatial transform Tr is updated by B-spline interpolation calculation.
Specifically, the initial spatial transform is updated to Tr 2 Registering again to obtain a transformed image as Tr 2 (I2 overlap )。
And S215, outputting the first optimal spatial transformation when the similarity measure meets the preset condition.
When the similarity measure is minimal, a first optimal spatial transformation Tr1 is output. Of course, this is a first optimal spatial transformation Tr1 obtained with the first image as a reference image, and a second optimal spatial transformation Tr2 obtained with the second image as a reference image is also required.
And step S221, replacing the reference image and the image to be registered with each other.
And exchanging the reference image and the image to be registered, namely, taking the second image as the reference image and the first image as the image to be registered.
And S222, registering the image to be registered according to the spatial transformation to obtain a transformed image.
Referring to step S212, a transformation is performed, and of course, the spatial transformation here may be an initial spatial transformation or a first optimal spatial transformation, and the first optimal spatial transformation is adopted to save more time and calculate more quickly.
And step S223, calculating the similarity measure between the transformed image and the reference image.
The similarity measure is calculated with reference to step S213.
And S224, when the similarity measure does not meet the preset condition, updating the spatial transformation and re-registering.
Re-registration is performed with reference to S214.
And step S225, outputting a second optimal space transformation when the similarity measure meets the preset condition.
And outputting a second optimal spatial transformation Tr2 when the similarity measure meets a preset condition.
And step S300, weighting the two images of the adjacent heartbeat cycles according to the optimal spatial transformation to obtain continuous images.
Specifically, the successive images are:
I＝w 1 ×Tr1(I1)+w 2 ×Tr2(I2)，
w 1 ＝{1～0}，w 2 = 0 to 1 and w 1 +w 2 ＝1，
Wherein, w 1 And w 2 Representing the weighting coefficients, tr1 representing the first optimal spatial transformation, tr2 representing the second optimal spatial transformation, I1 and I2 representing two images of adjacent heart cycles, respectively. w is a 1 Is a number between 1 and 0, w 2 Is a number between 0 and 1, and the sum of both is 1.
As shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5, the middle position on the right side of the original image has an obvious step-like artifact, and a continuous image is obtained after correction, that is, the step-like artifact on the middle position on the right side is not existed in the corrected image.
It is worth to be noted that the relative motion parameters (spatial transformation Tr) in different heart beat cycles are included in the image reconstruction algorithm, and the relative motion parameters are adjusted by an optimization method, so that the step-like artifacts in different heart beat boundary regions are reduced, and the image quality is improved. The images of different heartbeats are reconstructed in a segmented mode, then the relative motion of boundary regions of different heartbeats is estimated through a non-rigid registration method, and the images reconstructed by different heartbeats are registered mutually. The image is processed through the algorithm on the software, the quality of the heart image is improved, compared with the prior art, the method has wider practicability, and the problems of motion artifacts and the like which cannot be solved by the hardware technology can be solved.
The invention also provides a preferred embodiment of the CT cardiac scanning artifact correction system, which comprises the following components:
as shown in fig. 5, the CT cardiac scan artifact correction system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: a processor 10, and a memory 20 connected to said processor 10,
the memory 20 stores a CT cardiac scan artifact correction program which, when executed by the processor 10, performs the steps of:
acquiring two overlapping images of adjacent cardiac cycles by cardiac scanning;
carrying out image registration on the overlapped images to obtain optimal spatial transformation;
the two images of adjacent heart beat cycles are weighted according to the optimal spatial transformation to obtain the continuous image, as described above.
When executed by the processor 10, the CT cardiac scan artifact correction procedure further implements the steps of:
extracting image information of two overlapped images of adjacent heartbeat periods and respectively using the image information as a reference image and an image to be registered, forming an information space by the image to be registered and the image to be registered, and determining space transformation;
registering an image to be registered according to spatial transformation to obtain a transformed image;
calculating the similarity measure of the transformed image and the reference image;
when the similarity measure does not meet the preset condition, updating the spatial transformation and re-registering;
when the similarity measure satisfies the preset condition, outputting the first optimal spatial transformation, as described above.
When executed by the processor 10, the CT cardiac scan artifact correction procedure further implements the following steps:
replacing the reference image and the image to be registered with each other;
registering the image to be registered according to spatial transformation to obtain a transformed image;
calculating the similarity measure of the transformed image and the reference image;
when the similarity measure does not meet the preset condition, updating the spatial transformation and re-registering;
when the similarity measure satisfies the preset condition, outputting a second optimal spatial transformation, as described above.
In this embodiment, the continuous images are:
I＝w 1 ×Tr1(I1)+w 2 ×Tr2(I2)，
w 1 ＝{1～0}，w 2 = 0 to 1 and w 1 +w 2 ＝1，
Wherein, w 1 And w 2 Representing the weighting coefficients, tr1 representing the first optimal spatial transformation, tr2 representing the second optimal spatial transformation, I1 and I2 representing two images of adjacent cardiac cycles, respectively.
In this embodiment, the cardiac scan uses a plurality of step scans or helical scans synchronized according to the phase of the heartbeat.
In summary, the present invention provides a CT cardiac scanning artifact correction method and a system thereof, wherein the method comprises the steps of: acquiring two overlapping images of adjacent heart cycles by cardiac scanning; carrying out image registration on the overlapped images to obtain optimal spatial transformation; and weighting the two images of the adjacent heartbeat cycles according to the optimal spatial transformation to obtain continuous images. The relative motion parameters (space transformation Tr) in different heart beat periods are included in an image reconstruction algorithm, and the relative motion parameters are adjusted by an optimization method, so that the step-shaped artifacts of different heart beat boundary regions are reduced, the image quality is improved, and the problems of motion artifacts and the like which cannot be solved by a hardware technology can be solved.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A CT cardiac scanning artifact correction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring two overlapping images of adjacent heart cycles by cardiac scanning;
carrying out image registration on the overlapped images to obtain optimal spatial transformation;
weighting two images of adjacent heartbeat cycles according to the optimal spatial transformation to obtain continuous images;
the step of performing image registration on the overlapped images to obtain the optimal spatial transformation specifically comprises:
extracting image information of two overlapped images of adjacent heartbeat periods and respectively using the image information as a reference image and an image to be registered, forming an information space by the image to be registered and the image to be registered, and determining space transformation;
registering the image to be registered according to spatial transformation to obtain a transformed image;
calculating the similarity measure of the transformed image and the reference image;
when the similarity measure does not meet the preset condition, updating the spatial transformation and re-registering;
when the similarity measure meets a preset condition, outputting a first optimal spatial transformation;
the step of performing image registration on the overlapped images to obtain an optimal spatial transformation further comprises:
replacing the reference image and the image to be registered with each other;
registering an image to be registered according to spatial transformation to obtain a transformed image;
calculating the similarity measure of the transformed image and the reference image;
when the similarity measure does not meet the preset condition, updating the spatial transformation and re-registering;
when the similarity measure meets the preset condition, outputting a second optimal spatial transformation;
the successive images are:
I＝w 1 ×Tr1(I1)+w 2 ×Tr2(I2)，
w 1 ＝{1～0}，w 2 = 0 to 1 and w 1 +w 2 ＝1，
Wherein, w 1 And w 2 Representing the weighting coefficients, tr1 representing the first optimal spatial transformation, tr2 representing the second optimal spatial transformation, I1 and I2 representing two images of adjacent heart cycles, respectively.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cardiac scan employs a plurality of step scans or helical scans synchronized according to the phase of the heartbeat.
3. A CT cardiac scan artifact correction system, comprising: a processor, and a memory coupled to the processor,
the memory stores a CT cardiac scan artifact correction program that when executed by the processor performs the steps of:
acquiring two overlapping images of adjacent heart cycles by cardiac scanning;
carrying out image registration on the overlapped images to obtain optimal spatial transformation;
weighting two images of adjacent heartbeat cycles according to the optimal spatial transformation to obtain continuous images;
the CT cardiac scan artifact correction procedure, when executed by the processor, further implements the steps of:
extracting image information of two overlapped images of adjacent heartbeat periods and respectively using the image information as a reference image and an image to be registered, forming an information space by the image to be registered and the image to be registered, and determining space transformation;
registering the image to be registered according to spatial transformation to obtain a transformed image;
calculating the similarity measure of the transformed image and the reference image;
when the similarity measure does not meet the preset condition, updating the spatial transformation and re-registering;
outputting a first optimal spatial transformation when the similarity measure meets a preset condition;
the CT cardiac scan artifact correction procedure, when executed by the processor, further implements the steps of:
replacing the reference image and the image to be registered with each other;
registering the image to be registered according to spatial transformation to obtain a transformed image;
calculating the similarity measure of the transformed image and the reference image;
when the similarity measure does not meet the preset condition, updating the spatial transformation and re-registering;
when the similarity measure meets a preset condition, outputting a second optimal spatial transformation;
the successive images are:
I＝w 1 ×Tr1(I1)+w 2 ×Tr2(I2)，
w 1 ＝{1～0}，w 2 = 0 to 1 and w 1 +w 2 ＝1，
Wherein, w 1 And w 2 Representing the weighting coefficients, tr1 representing the first optimal spatial transformation, tr2 representing the second optimal spatial transformation, I1 and I2 representing two images of adjacent heart cycles, respectively.
4. The CT cardiac scan artifact correction system of claim 3, wherein the cardiac scan employs a plurality of step scans or helical scans synchronized according to the phase of the heartbeat.
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