CN109750692A - A kind of experimental rig and application method of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint - Google Patents
A kind of experimental rig and application method of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint Download PDFInfo
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- CN109750692A CN109750692A CN201910068902.1A CN201910068902A CN109750692A CN 109750692 A CN109750692 A CN 109750692A CN 201910068902 A CN201910068902 A CN 201910068902A CN 109750692 A CN109750692 A CN 109750692A
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009440 infrastructure construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention provides the experimental rig and application method of a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint, including model casing, bottom-up placement in layers foundation soil in model casing, stake is embedded in foundation soil, it further includes vertical load loading plate, vertical four support rods for loading the displacement of loading plate horizontal direction of limitation and the stake top external member between vertical load loading plate and stake above stake top；Vertical load loading plate is fixedly connected with support rod by nut, and support rod is connected on the lateral wall of model casing by vertical roller bearing, and support rod is acted on by roller bearing and vertical displacement only occurs together with loading plate；Stake top external member uses H-shaped steel lantern ring, to play horizontal sliding effect of contraction to stake top；The device simulates the constraint of stake top build-in by the reserving hole of loading plate after insertion reversion.The present invention can simulate the constraint of stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint, more the model engineering pile stress of closing to reality and deformation, increase the diversification and convenience of pile foundation model test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock earth model test technical field, especially a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint
Experimental rig and application method.
Background technique
Pile foundation model test is that the stress special type of Practical Project pile foundation is disclosed by indoor finite size model, with guidance
The design and construction of practical pile foundation engineering is the important means of pile foundation mechanics property analysis, have experimental condition it is controllable, it is contemplated that
The technical advantages such as factor diversification and experimentation cost economy are widely used in pile foundation engineering scientific research and detail design.However,
Stake top, which mostly uses, in current pile foundation model test is welded and fixed or Free Transform, few influence for considering stake top constraint condition,
This is not consistent with the stress of stake top in Practical Project with deformation.
Especially in recent years with the rapid development of infrastructure construction, the operating condition of preloading often goes out near existing pile foundation
It is existing, the passive load-bearing of level of existing pile foundation certainly will be caused easily to cause engineering so that the bearing characters of pile foundation are substantially change
Accident.However, it is different to disclose pile foundation mechanical characteristic that field load test can be used from newly-built pile foundation, such stake is mostly in early period
Be vertical bearing pile when design, the later period using when due to encountering uneven preloading and passive lateral load-bearing, substantially can not be using passing
System field load test analyzes its stress characteristic, and indoor model test has apparent technical advantage under the operating condition, but by mesh
Before, it is relatively weak to the passive pile Stress property research for considering surrounding soil moving influence under this Loading, it is especially right
There are stake top constraint existing pile foundation research it is near barren, in the passive pile load model carried out at present there is no consider stake
Push up the influence of constraint.
Summary of the invention
To solve above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simulation stake top horizontal slidings and embedding
Admittedly the experimental rig and application method that constrain, the device in pile foundation model test in order to more be bonded the consideration of engineering reality
The influence of stake top constraint, increases the diversification and convenience of pile foundation model test.
To achieve the above object, of the invention to adopt the following technical scheme that
The present invention provides the experimental rig of a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint, including model casing, models
Bottom-up placement in layers foundation soil in case is embedded with stake in foundation soil, it further includes that vertical load above stake top is held
Support plate, four support rods of the vertical load loading plate horizontal direction displacement of limitation and the stake between vertical load loading plate and stake
Top cover part；The vertical load loading plate is fixedly connected with support rod by nut, and support rod is connected to mould by vertical roller bearing
On the lateral wall of molding box, and support rod is acted on by roller bearing and vertical displacement only occurs together with loading plate；Stake top external member uses H
Shape steel lantern ring, to play effect of contraction to stake top.
According to the experimental rig of above-mentioned a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint, the vertical load loading plate
Using steel plate, the vertical four corners for loading loading plate are respectively equipped with diameter hole identical with support shank diameter, and vertical load is held
It is equipped with diameter recess identical with stake top external member outer diameter at the center of support plate, when recess is upward, steel is set in recess
Cushion block, cushion block diameter is identical as recess diameter, and thickness is identical as notch depth.
According to the experimental rig of above-mentioned a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint, the top of the support rod is set
There is external screw thread, the hole that the top of support rod passes through vertical load loading plate four corners is carried by upper and lower nut and vertical load
Plate is fixed, and the lower part of support rod passes through 2 vertical roller bearings.
According to a kind of above-mentioned experimental rig of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint, in the vertical roller bearing inner core
The inner diameter of sky, vertical roller bearing is identical as support shank diameter, and the inner wall outside of vertical roller bearing is 4 groups of steel balls and lubricating oil
Filling, vertical roller bearing make support rod can vertical free displacement；The vertical roller bearing is welded and fixed by pedestal and model casing,
Vertical roller bearing can limit the horizontal direction displacement of support rod.
According to the experimental rig of above-mentioned a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint, by the stake top external member
Steel ball and its filling lubricating oil are set in upper recess to simulate stake top horizontal sliding constraint condition, by will vertically load
Loading plate overturning, takes out center cushion block, and stake top external member is embedded in vertical load loading plate recess to simulate the constraint of stake top build-in.
According to the experimental rig of above-mentioned a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint, the top of the stake top external member
Notch depth is the 2/3 of steel ball diameter, the lower notch depth of stake top external member be test pile cross-sectional diameter 1.5~
2.0 times, the lower notch diameter of stake top external member is identical as stake cross-sectional diameter.
The present invention also provides a kind of application methods for simulating stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constrained test device, including such as
Lower step:
(1) hole of vertical load loading plate four corners will be worn in the top of support rod, and above and below vertical loading plate
Two sides are fixed with nut；
(2) lower notch of stake top external member is inserted in stake top, 6~8 steel is set in stake top external member upper recess and are rolled
Pearl, and lubricating oil is filled in the hole of steel ball, reduce frictional resistance when horizontal sliding occurs for stake top in test；
(3) the vertical load loading plate for connecting support rod is put into above stake top, the lower part of support rod penetrates vertical rolling
In axis, pass through four support rods and the vertical load loading plate of multi-center trial stake support；
(4) according to operating condition of test, vertical load clump weight is placed on vertically load loading plate, for simulating pile foundation axial direction
Carrying；
(5) apply preloading in pile foundation side, carrying out stake top is the passive load-bearing test of level when horizontal sliding constrains.
According to the application method of above-mentioned a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constrained test device, in step (1)
(2) the vertical load is carried into board reversal in, takes out the steel cushion block at center, and stake top external member is embedded in vertical load
In the recess of loading plate, for carrying out the passive load-bearing test of pile foundation when stake top is build-in constraint.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention is realized pair by the collective effect of the setting of stake top external member and loading plate
The simulation of the constraint of stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint, can farthest reflect the stress and deformation of Practical Project pile foundation；
Meanwhile by the setting of vertical roller bearing, the limitation that support rod is displaced loading plate horizontal direction is not only realized, but also can be real
Existing the vertical of loading plate freely slides, and is more in line with the actual Vertical Bearing Capacity for reflecting existing pile foundation, for traditional pile foundation
Horizontal static-load experiment and the passive load-bearing model test stake top constraint simulation of existing pile foundation provide new technological means.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding of the invention and build-in constrained test apparatus structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is vertical roller bearing schematic cross section in experimental rig of the invention；
Fig. 3 is stake top external member schematic cross section in experimental rig of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment one of a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding of the present invention and build-in constrained test device；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment two of a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding of the present invention and build-in constrained test device；
Wherein: 1 vertical load loading plate；2 support rods；3 stake top external members；4 nuts；5 vertical roller bearings；6 cushion blocks；The rolling of 7 steel
Pearl；8 test piles；9 pile top load counterweights；10 lubricating oil；11 roller bearings weld pedestal；12 model casings；13 foundation soils；14 sand bedding courses；
15 preloading loading loading plates.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, so that advantages and features of the invention energy
It is easier to be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, so as to make a clearer definition of the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides the experimental rig of a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint, including model casing, models
Bottom-up placement in layers foundation soil in case is embedded with stake in foundation soil, it further includes that vertical load above stake top is held
Support plate 1, limitation vertically load four support rods 2 of loading plate horizontal direction displacement and between vertical load loading plate and stakes
Stake top external member 3；The vertical load loading plate 1 is fixedly connected with support rod 2 by nut 4, and support rod 2 passes through vertical roller bearing 5
It is connected on the lateral wall of model casing, and support rod 2 is acted on by roller bearing and vertical displacement only occurs together with loading plate；Stake top
External member 3 uses H-shaped steel lantern ring.
The vertical load loading plate 1 uses steel plate, and the vertical four corners for loading loading plate are respectively equipped with diameter and support
The identical hole of 2 diameter of bar vertically loads identical with 3 outer diameter of stake top external member recessed equipped with diameter at the center of loading plate
Mouthful, when recess is upward, steel cushion block 6 is set, and 6 diameter of cushion block is identical as recess diameter, thickness and notch depth phase in recess
Together.
The top of the support rod 2 is equipped with external screw thread, and the top of support rod 2 passes through vertical load 1 four corners of loading plate
Hole is fixed by upper and lower nut 4 and vertical load loading plate 1, and the lower part of support rod 2 passes through 2 vertical roller bearings 5.
5 core hollow of vertical roller bearing, the inner diameter of vertical roller bearing 5 is identical as 2 diameter of support rod, vertical roller bearing 5
Inner wall outside be 4 groups of steel balls and oil refill, vertical roller bearing 5 makes support rod 2 can vertical free displacement；It is described
Vertical roller bearing 5 is welded and fixed by pedestal and model casing, and vertical roller bearing 5 can limit the horizontal direction displacement of support rod 2.
Stake top water is simulated by the way that steel ball 7 and its filling lubricating oil are arranged in 3 upper recess of stake top external member
It is smooth to move constraint condition, by will vertically load loading plate overturning, center cushion block 6 is taken out, stake top external member is embedded in vertical load
Loading plate recess constrains to simulate stake top build-in.
The upper recess depth of the stake top external member 3 is the 2/3 of 7 diameter of steel ball, and the lower notch of stake top external member 3 is deep
Degree is 1.5~2.0 times of test pile cross-sectional diameter, and the lower notch diameter of stake top external member 3 is identical as stake cross-sectional diameter.
Embodiment 1
A kind of application method of the experimental rig of of the invention simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint, picture 1-4 institute
Show, carrying out stake top is the passive load-bearing test of level when horizontal sliding constrains, specifically includes the following steps:
1. according to simulation operating condition placement in layers foundation soil 13 from bottom to up in model casing 12, every thickness degree 20cm, and will
Test pile 8 is embedded in foundation soil 13, to the existing bearing pile in simulation test；
2. 3 lower end recess of stake top external member is inserted in test stake top, 6~8 steel are set in the recess of stake top external member upper end
Matter ball, and lubricating oil is filled in hole, frictional resistance when horizontal sliding occurs for stake top in test is reduced, as shown in Figure 3；
3. the hole of vertical load 1 four corners of loading plate will be worn, and the two sides spiral shell above and below loading plate in 2 top of support rod
Cap 4 is fixed, it is made to be connected firmly；
4. the vertical load loading plate 1 for connecting support rod 2 is put into above stake top, support rod lower part penetrates vertical roller bearing
5, vertical load loading plate 1 is supported by four support rods 2 and multi-center trial stake 8；
5. constant weight vertical load clump weight 9 is placed on vertically load loading plate 1, for applying according to operating condition of test
Staking body xial feed；
6. the thin sand 14 after 13 top surface of the foundation soil laying 5cm of 8 side of test pile, places heap on sand bedding course 14
Carry loading loading plate 15 and simultaneously apply preloading, carry out when existing pile foundation stake top horizontal sliding constrains under neighbouring Loading it is passive by
The test of lotus performance model.
Embodiment 2
The application method of the experimental rig of of the invention a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint, such as Fig. 1-3 and 5
Shown, carrying out stake top is the passive load-bearing test of level when build-in constrains, specifically includes the following steps:
1. according to simulation operating condition placement in layers foundation soil 13 from bottom to up in model casing 12, every thickness degree 20cm, and will
Test pile 8 is embedded in foundation soil 13, to the existing bearing pile in simulation test；
2. 3 lower notch of stake top external member is inserted in test stake top, keep its contact secured；
3. will vertically load loading plate 1 to overturn, cushion block 6 is taken out, and vertical load loading plate 1 will be worn in 2 top of support rod
The hole of four corners, two sides are fixed with nut 4 up and down for loading plate, it is made to be connected firmly；
4. the vertical load loading plate 1 for connecting support rod 2 is put into above stake top, stake top external member 3 is made to be embedded in vertical add
It carries in 1 recess of loading plate, penetrates vertical roller bearing 5 in support rod lower part, supported by four support rods 2 and multi-center trial stake 8 perpendicular
To load loading plate 1；
5. constant weight vertical load clump weight 9 is placed on vertically load loading plate 1, for applying according to operating condition of test
Staking body xial feed；
6. 13 top surface of foundation soil in 8 side of test pile is laid with 5cm thickness thin sand 14, heap is placed on sand bedding course 14
It carries loading loading plate 15 and applies preloading, carry out passive load-bearing when existing pile foundation stake top build-in constrains under neighbouring Loading
It can model test.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made by bright specification and accompanying drawing content is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant skills
Art field, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the experimental rig of a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint, including model casing, bottom-up point in model casing
Layer filled foundation is native, is embedded with stake in foundation soil, it is characterised in that: it further includes the vertical load loading plate above stake top
(1), limitation vertically loads four support rods (2) of loading plate horizontal direction displacement and between vertical load loading plate and stake
Stake top external member (3)；The vertical load loading plate (1) is fixedly connected with support rod (2) by nut (4), and support rod (2) passes through
Vertical roller bearing (5) is connected on the lateral wall of model casing, and support rod (2) is acted on by roller bearing and only being occurred together with loading plate
Vertical displacement；Stake top external member (3) uses H-shaped steel lantern ring.
2. the experimental rig of a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The vertical load loading plate (1) uses steel plate, and the vertical four corners for loading loading plate are respectively equipped with diameter and support rod (2) are straight
The identical hole of diameter vertically loads and is equipped with diameter recess identical with stake top external member (3) outer diameter at the center of loading plate, when
When recess is upward, steel cushion block (6) are set in recess, cushion block (6) diameter is identical as recess diameter, thickness and notch depth phase
Together.
3. the experimental rig of a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The top of the support rod (2) is equipped with external screw thread, and the top of support rod (2) passes through the hole of vertical load loading plate (1) four corners
Hole is fixed by upper and lower nut (4) and vertical load loading plate (1), and the lower part of support rod (2) passes through 2 vertical roller bearings (5).
4. the experimental rig of a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint according to claim 1 or 3, feature exist
In: vertical roller bearing (5) core hollow, the inner diameter of vertical roller bearing (5) is identical as support rod (2) diameter, vertical roller bearing
(5) inner wall outside is 4 groups of steel balls and oil refill, and vertical roller bearing (5) makes support rod (2) can vertical free position
It moves；The vertical roller bearing (5) is welded and fixed by pedestal and model casing, and vertical roller bearing (5) can limit the horizontal direction of support rod (2)
Displacement.
5. the experimental rig of a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It is sliding that stake top level is simulated by setting steel ball (7) in stake top external member (3) upper recess and its filling lubricating oil
Constraint condition is moved, by will vertically load loading plate overturning, takes out center cushion block (6), stake top external member is embedded in vertical load and is held
Support plate recess constrains to simulate stake top build-in.
6. the experimental rig of a kind of simulation stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constraint, feature exist according to claim 1 or 5
In: the upper recess depth of the stake top external member (3) is the 2/3 of steel ball (7) diameter, the lower notch of stake top external member (3)
Depth is 1.5~2.0 times of test pile cross-sectional diameter, lower notch diameter and the stake cross-sectional diameter phase of stake top external member (3)
Together.
7. a kind of a kind of application method for simulating stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constrained test device as described in claim 1,
It is characterized by comprising following steps:
(1) hole of vertical load loading plate (1) four corners will be worn in the top of support rod (2), and in the upper of vertical loading plate
Lower two sides are fixed with nut；
(2) lower notch of stake top external member (3) is inserted in stake top, 6~8 steel is set in stake top external member (3) upper recess
Ball (7), and lubricating oil is filled in the hole of steel ball (7), reduce frictional resistance when horizontal sliding occurs for stake top in test
Power；
(3) the vertical load loading plate (1) for connecting support rod (2) is put into above stake top, the lower part of support rod (2) penetrates perpendicular
To in roller bearing (5), pass through four support rods (2) and vertical load loading plate (1) of multi-center trial stake (8) support；
(4) according to operating condition of test, vertical load clump weight (9) are placed in vertically load loading plate (1), for simulating pile foundation axis
To carrying；
(5) apply preloading in pile foundation side, carrying out stake top is the passive load-bearing test of level when horizontal sliding constrains.
8. a kind of application method for simulating stake top horizontal sliding and build-in constrained test device according to claim 7,
It is characterized in that: the vertical load loading plate (1) being inverted in step (1) and (2), takes out the steel cushion block (6) at center,
And be embedded in stake top external member (3) in the recess of vertical load loading plate (1), for carrying out pile foundation quilt when stake top is build-in constraint
Dynamic load-bearing test.
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| CN112112200A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2020-12-22 | 福州大学 | Test device for fixing pile top and preventing pile top from deviating and installation method thereof |
| CN116122354A (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-05-16 | 中建八局第二建设有限公司 | Single-pile hinged horizontal static load test device and test method thereof |
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