CN109746314B

CN109746314B - Adjustable discrete roller roll forming machine

Info

Publication number: CN109746314B
Application number: CN201910125002.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈雪; 刘通; 吕硕; 张崔禹; 温浩
Original assignee: Beihua University
Current assignee: Beihua University
Priority date: 2019-02-20
Filing date: 2019-02-20
Publication date: 2020-06-16
Anticipated expiration: 2039-02-20
Also published as: CN109746314A

Abstract

An adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine belongs to the field of mechanical engineering. The discrete roller rolling forming machine consists of four parts, namely a transmission mechanism, a shape adjusting mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a guide mechanism. The transmission mechanism consists of two transmission lines, the vertical movement and the left-right movement of the shape adjusting mechanism are respectively realized, the two lines are not interfered with each other, and the accuracy of the position of the shape adjusting unit is ensured. The shape adjusting mechanism realizes the ascending or descending of the shape adjusting unit through the rotation of the lead screw so as to disperse the rigid roller to form different curvatures, and then the cooperation of the bevel gear set and the worm realizes the roll forming of the rigid roller to form curved surface pieces with different curvatures. The clamping mechanism clamps the plate by using the clamp, realizes the follow-up function of the clamp by controlling the motion of the electric telescopic rod through the PLC, is beneficial to rolling of the rigid roller, and enables the plate to be more easily attached to the molded surface of the flexible mold for forming. The guide mechanism utilizes the distance that two guide rods can be adjusted to the roll adjustment lead screw, and the guide rod realizes its height-adjustable's function through the external screw thread characteristic of self, and guide mechanism adopts the guide of contact friction's form back panel of processing, prevents that the panel after the processing from taking place great resilience phenomenon when keeping away from the rigid roll. The invention has simple structure and high efficiency, and is suitable for forming three-dimensional curved surface pieces with different shapes.

Description

Adjustable discrete roller roll forming machine

Technical Field

An adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine is a high-efficiency flexible plate forming device, belongs to the field of mechanical engineering, and can realize flexible forming of three-dimensional curved surface pieces with different shapes.

Background

In modern industry, metal three-dimensional curved surface parts are widely applied to a plurality of industries such as automobiles, shipbuilding, aerospace, chemical engineering, urban architecture and the like. The automobile industry needs a large number of three-dimensional curved surface pieces, the mass production mode mainly adopts die forming, the single piece or small batch production mode such as shipbuilding, aerospace and the like is not suitable for die forming, and the flexible forming technology and equipment are needed to meet the industrial requirements. The invention provides a technology for realizing continuous roll forming of a three-dimensional curved surface part by using an adjustable discrete roller, which combines multipoint shape adjusting and tension-compression technologies, controls the bending shape of the discrete rigid roller by multipoint shape adjusting, and realizes the roll forming of the three-dimensional curved surface of a plate by the self-rotation motion of a working roller; when a curved surface piece in another shape needs to be formed, only the distribution form and the bending curvature of the working rolls need to be readjusted, a novel technology with high efficiency, low cost and flexibility is provided for forming the three-dimensional curved surface of the plate, and the three-dimensional curved surface forming device has wide application prospects in the industries of aviation, chemical engineering, shipbuilding, urban building and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a device for realizing flexible forming of a plate by using a multi-roller rolling forming technology, which aims to replace the traditional die forming technology, adopt a plurality of discrete rigid rollers to roll and form the plate and realize the high-efficiency, low-cost and flexible forming of three-dimensional curved surface pieces with various shapes.

The above objects of the adjustable discrete roll press forming machine of the present invention are accomplished by the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

the adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine is provided with an internal thread matched with the lead screw at the upper end of the shape adjusting unit, and the height of the shape adjusting unit is adjusted through the action of the lead screw, so that the change of different curvatures is realized. And rigid rollers which can freely rotate between-30 degrees and 30 degrees are arranged at the bottom of the shape adjusting unit and are used for adapting to the processing of plates with different curvatures.

The transmission mechanism of the adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine consists of two transmission lines, and the vertical movement and the left-right movement of the shape adjusting mechanism are respectively realized. The first power transmission route is that the motor transmits power to the transmission shaft through the bevel gear set I, the transmission shaft transmits the power to the bevel gear set II, and the bevel gear set II drives the vertical screw rod to rotate so as to realize the up-and-down movement of the whole shape adjusting mechanism. The second power transmission route is that a servo motor drives a slide way gear arranged on a gear box to be matched with a rack arranged on a supporting plate with a rolling slide way, so that the left and right movement of the whole shape adjusting mechanism is realized.

The shape adjusting mechanism of the adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine is designed into a T shape and consists of a bevel gear set, a worm, a rigid roller, a lead screw, a transmission shaft, a sliding shaft and a hollow shaft. The shape adjusting mechanism realizes the ascending or descending of the shape adjusting unit through the rotation of the lead screw so as to disperse the rigid roller to form different curvatures, and then the cooperation of the bevel gear set and the worm realizes the roll forming of the rigid roller to form curved surface pieces with different curvatures.

The clamping mechanism of the adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine consists of an electric telescopic rod, a lifting nut, a pressure sensor, a clamp and a motor. The two ends of a plate are clamped by the clamp for position fixing, the shape adjusting mechanism integrally falls down while keeping the existing curvature of the discrete rigid roller under the action of the lead screw until the rigid roller contacts the plate and applies certain pressure, the whole shape adjusting mechanism is driven by the slide gear to move left and right, the plate is attached to the molded surface of the flexible mold through rolling of the rigid roller, and the follow-up function of the clamp is realized. In the whole process, the PLC is used for acquiring signals and controlling the servo motor, so that the accuracy of the position of each action unit is ensured.

The guide mechanism of the adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine is symmetrically distributed, the guide rods realize the height-adjustable function through the self external thread characteristics, the distance between the two guide rods can be adjusted by utilizing the distance-adjusting lead screw, the front ends of the guide rods are attached to the surface of a processed plate, the front ends of the guide rods are made of soft materials, and scratches on the surface of the processed plate are prevented. The processed plate is guided by adopting a contact friction mode, so that the phenomenon of large rebound of the processed plate when the processed plate is far away from the rigid roller is prevented.

The invention provides a method for continuously forming three-dimensional curved surface parts by using a discrete rigid roller with smooth surface and high hardness as a forming tool, which can meet the requirements of efficient and rapid manufacture of various small-batch three-dimensional curved surface parts. The rolling forming technology of the adjustable discrete rigid roller is adopted in the production of the three-dimensional curved surface part, and great economic benefits and social benefits are created for sheet metal part production enterprises through links of saving the die and the processing and manufacturing cost thereof, saving the equipment investment and the factory building cost, reducing the production cost and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of an adjustable discrete roll forming machine.

Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural view of an adjustable discrete roll-forming machine.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a profiling mechanism of an adjustable discrete roll forming machine.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a clamping mechanism of an adjustable discrete roll forming machine.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a guide mechanism of an adjustable discrete roll forming machine.

Detailed Description

The details of the adjustable discrete roll forming machine and its operation are further described in the following with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a general structural schematic diagram of an adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine, which mainly comprises a transmission mechanism, a shape adjusting mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a guide mechanism. The transmission mechanism consists of two transmission routes, wherein the first transmission route is that the motor (18) transmits power to the transmission shaft (20) through the bevel gear set I (19), the transmission shaft (20) transmits the power to the bevel gear set II (17), and the bevel gear set II (17) drives the vertical screw rod (13) to rotate so as to realize the up-and-down motion of the whole shape adjusting mechanism; the second transmission route is that a servo motor drives a slide way gear (1) arranged on a gear box (21) to move on a supporting plate with a rolling slide way, and the rolling slide way (16) is designed into a gear and rack transmission mode to realize the left and right movement of the whole shape adjusting mechanism. The upper end of the shape adjusting mechanism is provided with an internal thread matched with the lead screw (105), and the height of the shape adjusting unit is adjusted through the action of the lead screw (105), so that the change of different curvatures is realized. And a rigid roller (102) which can freely rotate between minus 30 degrees and 30 degrees is arranged at the bottom of the shape adjusting unit and is used for adapting to the processing of the plates with different curvatures. The clamping mechanism consists of a motor (216), a clamp body (201), a spherical pull rod (217) and a linear push rod (215). A horizontal hinged support (218) of the mechanism is clamped on a whole clamp body (201) through a spherical pull rod (217), a lower inclined block (204) embedded in the clamp body (201) is integrated with a clamp block (205) through a spring (206), a fixing plate (207), a spring blocking plate (208) and a pressure rod are integrated on the upper side and connected with a vertical inclined iron (210) through a group of springs (212), a top cover plate (211) seals the whole clamp body (201), a horizontal inclined iron (213) is connected with a motor (216) through a linear push rod (215), constraint with the vertical inclined iron (210) is achieved, buffer is achieved for constraint of the two inclined irons, and finally the whole clamping mechanism is packaged through an outer hexagonal screw (214). The guide mechanism is designed at the front end of the whole body, the guide mechanisms are symmetrically distributed, the distance between the two guide rods (305) can be adjusted by utilizing the lead screw (303), the front ends of the guide rods (305) are attached to the surface of a processed plate, so that the plate does not present the characteristic of a flexible body any more, and the front ends of the guide rods (305) are provided with soft materials to prevent scratches on the surface of the processed plate.

Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural view of an adjustable discrete roll-forming machine. The transmission mechanism is characterized in that a fastening separation blade is matched with a fastening bolt to fix a motor (18) on a motor supporting plate (22), the motor (18) transmits power to a transmission shaft (20) through a bevel gear set I (19), the transmission shaft (20) transmits the power to a bevel gear set II (17), and the bevel gear set II (17) drives a vertical screw rod (13) to rotate so as to realize the up-and-down motion of the whole shape adjusting unit. The rolling slide (16) is designed into a gear and rack transmission mode, the rack is fixed on a support plate with the rolling slide (16) through fastening screws, the slide gear (1) is installed on the gear box (20), the servo motor drives the slide gear (1) to roll on the rack, so that the whole gear box (20) is driven to move, wedge-shaped guide rails matched with the support plate are arranged at the edge of the gear box (20), and only one moving pair of the whole gear box (20) is ensured, so that the whole shape adjusting unit is moved left and right.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a shape adjusting mechanism of the adjustable discrete roll forming machine. The mechanism is designed into a T-shaped shape and consists of a bevel gear set (101), a worm (103), a rigid roller (102), a lead screw (105), a transmission shaft (107), a sliding shaft (109) and a hollow shaft (108). The lead screw (105) is matched with the internal thread hole through the lead key (106), and the motor drives the lead screw (105) to rotate, so that the shape adjusting unit is adjusted to ascend or descend, and the change of different curvatures of the discrete rigid roller is realized. One end of the sliding shaft (109) is connected with the bevel gear (101), the other bevel gear (101) is connected with the worm (103), the bevel gears (101) are meshed with each other, the middle of the rigid roller (102) is designed into a worm gear form, and the bevel gear set (101) transmits power to the worm (103) to drive the worm gear to realize the rotation and continuous torque of the rigid roller (102). The sliding shaft (109) is arranged in the hollow shaft (108), the bevel gear (101) rotates to drive the sliding shaft (109) to move up and down, power output is achieved through the transmission shaft (107), and certain torque is still achieved in the shape adjusting process.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a clamping mechanism of an adjustable discrete roll forming machine. A horizontal hinged support (218) of the mechanism is clamped on a whole clamp body (201) through a spherical pull rod (217), a vertical hinged support (202) is directly fixed at the lower part of the clamp body (201), a lower inclined block (204) embedded in the clamp body (201) is integrated with a clamp block (205) through a spring (206), a fixing plate (207), a spring blocking plate (208) and a pressure rod which are integrated at the upper side are connected with a vertical inclined iron (210) through a group of springs (212), a top end cover plate (211) seals the whole clamp body (201), a horizontal inclined iron (213) is connected with a direct current speed reduction motor (216) through a linear push rod (215), so that the restraint with the vertical inclined iron (210) is realized, the restraint of the two inclined irons is realized, the buffering is realized, and finally, the assembly of the whole clamping mechanism is realized through an outer hexagonal screw (214). The clamping mechanism clamps two ends of a plate to fix the position, the shape adjusting mechanism keeps the existing curvature of the discrete roller (102) under the action of the lead screw (105), the motor (18) transmits power to the transmission shaft (20) through the bevel gear set I (19), the transmission shaft (20) transmits power to the bevel gear set II (17), the bevel gear set II (17) drives the vertical lead screw (13) to rotate, the whole shape adjusting unit falls until the rigid roller (102) contacts the plate and applies certain pressure, and then the rigid roller (102) rolls on the rack through the slide gear (1), so that the whole gear box (20) is driven to move, the left and right movement of the whole shape adjusting unit is realized, the plate is attached to the molded surface of the flexible mold (7) through the rolling of the rigid roller (102), and the forming of the three-dimensional thin plate is realized.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a guide mechanism of an adjustable discrete roll forming machine. The mechanism is symmetrically distributed and comprises a gear box (302), a distance adjusting lead screw (303), a wrench (304), a guide rod (305) and a positioning block (306). Install locating piece (306) on roll adjustment lead screw (303) and fix a position, locating piece (306) carry out fixed connection with gear box (302), and roll adjustment lead screw (303) on locating piece (306) left side revolves to for the levogyration, and roll adjustment lead screw (303) on locating piece (306) right side revolves to for the dextrorotation, through pulling spanner (304), and two guide stick (305) do and fold or the motion of separating, realize the roll adjustment function of guide stick (305). The height of the guide rod (305) has an adjustable function, one end of the guide rod (305) is designed to be in a form of external threads, and the adjustment function can be realized only by rotating the guide rod (305).

The matter set forth in the foregoing description is to be understood as illustrative, and not restrictive. Although the description gives the transmission mechanism, the shape adjusting mechanism, the clamping mechanism and the guide mechanism as the illustrative examples, the skilled person can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions on the basis of the invention, and other shape adjusting mechanisms and transmission forms thereof can be freely selected according to actual needs. Obviously, such modifications and equivalents are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine comprises a transmission mechanism, a shape adjusting mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a guide mechanism, and is characterized in that the transmission mechanism fixes a motor (18) on a motor supporting plate (22) by a fastening baffle sheet matched with a fastening bolt, the motor (18) transmits power to a transmission shaft (20) through a bevel gear set I (19), the transmission shaft (20) transmits the power to a bevel gear set II (17), the bevel gear set II (17) drives a vertical screw rod (13) to rotate, so that the up-and-down motion of the whole shape adjusting mechanism is realized, a rolling slideway (16) is designed into a transmission form of a gear and a rack, the rack is fixed on the supporting plate, a slideway gear (1) is arranged on a gear box (21), and moves on the supporting plate with the rolling slideway (16) by the driving of a servo motor, so that the left-and right motion of the whole shape adjusting; the shape adjusting mechanism is designed into a T-shaped shape and comprises a bevel gear (101), a worm (103), a rigid roller (102), a lead screw (105), a transmission shaft (107), a sliding shaft (109) and a hollow shaft (108), wherein the lead screw (105) is matched with an internal threaded hole, a motor drives the lead screw (105) to rotate to adjust the shape adjusting unit to ascend or descend so as to realize the change of different curvatures of the discrete rigid roller, one end of the sliding shaft (109) is connected with the bevel gear (101), the bevel gear (101) is connected with the worm (103), the transmission shaft (107) drives the sliding shaft (109) to transmit power to the worm (103) through mutual meshing between the bevel gears (101), the middle of the rigid roller (102) is designed into a worm gear form, and the worm (103) drives a worm gear to realize the autorotation and continuous torque of the rigid roller (102; the sliding shaft (109) is arranged in the hollow shaft (108), the clamping mechanism consists of an electric telescopic rod (6), a lifting nut, a pressure sensor, a clamp (12) and a motor, a horizontal hinged support (218) is clamped on the whole clamp body (201) through a spherical pull rod (217), a vertical hinged support (202) is directly fixed at the lower part of the clamp body (201), a lower inclined block (204) embedded in the clamp body (201) is integrated with a clamp block (205) through a spring (206), a fixing plate (207), a spring catch (208) and a pressure rod which are integrated together at the upper side are connected with a vertical inclined iron (210) through a group of springs (212), a top end cover plate (211) seals the whole clamp body (201), and a horizontal inclined iron (213) is connected with a direct current speed reduction motor (216) through a linear push rod (215), thereby realizing the restraint with the vertical inclined iron (210) and the cushioning of the restraint of the two inclined irons, finally, the whole clamping mechanism is assembled by an outer hexagon screw (214); the guiding mechanisms are symmetrically distributed, a positioning block (306) is installed on a distance adjusting screw rod (303) for positioning, the positioning block (306) is fixedly connected with a gear box (302), the turning direction of the distance adjusting screw rod (303) on the left side of the positioning block (306) is left-handed, the turning direction of the distance adjusting screw rod (303) on the right side of the positioning block (306) is right-handed, two guiding rods (305) are folded or separated by pulling a wrench (304), the distance adjusting function of the guiding rods (305) is realized, the height of the guiding rods (305) has an adjustable function, one end of each guiding rod (305) is designed to be in an external thread form, and the height adjusting function can be realized only by rotating the guiding rods (305);

guide mechanism by gear box (302), roll adjustment lead screw (303), spanner (304), guide stick (305), locating piece (306) are constituteed, its height-adjustable's function is realized through the external screw thread characteristic of self to guide stick (305), utilize roll adjustment lead screw (303) can adjust the distance of two guide sticks, guide stick front end pastes on the panel surface of processing completion, make panel no longer present the characteristic of flexible body, be equipped with soft material at the front end of guide stick, prevent to cause the mar to processed panel surface, guide mechanism adopts the guide of contact frictional form back panel of processing, prevent that the panel after the processing from taking place great resilience phenomenon when keeping away from rigid roll (102).

2. The adjustable discrete roller rolling forming machine according to claim 1, wherein the clamping mechanism clamps two ends of the plate for fixing the position, the shape adjusting mechanism integrally falls down while keeping the existing curvature of the rigid roller (102) through the action of the lead screw (105) until the rigid roller (102) contacts the plate and applies a certain pressure, the whole shape adjusting mechanism is driven by the slideway gear (1) to move, the plate is attached to the profile of the flexible die (7) through the rolling of the rigid roller (102), the forming of the three-dimensional thin plate is realized, and the whole process is subjected to signal acquisition by the PLC and controls the servo motor to ensure the accuracy of the position of each action unit.

3. The adjustable discrete roller rolling shaper as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power of the shape adjusting mechanism is divided into two transmission paths, wherein the two transmission paths are respectively the up-and-down movement of the shape adjusting unit realized by the lead screw (105) and the rotation of the rigid roller (102) realized by the worm (103), and the two power transmission paths are not affected with each other, thereby ensuring the working accuracy of the shape adjusting mechanism and meeting the processing requirements of workpieces with different curvatures.

4. The adjustable discrete roller press-forming machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein said holding mechanism holds the plate by a gripper (12), three motors arranged in a right triangle control lifting nuts on three transmission lines by the action of a telescopic rod (6), the lifting nuts are connected with the connecting base of the gripper, and the PLC receives the values returned by each sensor at any time during the stretching process and calculates the values, thereby realizing the follow-up function of the gripper mechanism.