CN109738538A - A method of identifying the mature honey of natural capping and honey is concentrated in hot-working - Google Patents
A method of identifying the mature honey of natural capping and honey is concentrated in hot-working Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of natural method for covering mature honey and hot-working concentration honey of identification.With 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- butantriols are target substance, detect target substance content described in honey sample be greater than >=100.0mg/kg when, that is, can determine that the honey have passed through hot-working, for the honey that non-natural capping is mature.The present invention passes through to the natural comparative studies for covering component in mature honey and different hot-working concentration honey, 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1 has been determined, 2,3,4- butantriols, which can be used as, effectively distinguishes the natural index for covering mature honey and hot-working concentration honey.By the verifying to honey under different cultivars honey and different storage requirements, it was demonstrated that this method is reliably effective.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to detection technique fields, and in particular to a kind of identification is natural to cover mature honey and hot-working concentration bee
The method of honey.
Background technique
Honey is the nectar, secretion or honeydew of honeybee herborization, in conjunction with itself secretion after, sufficiently made and
At natural sweet substance.It is very popular for a long time since honey has important nutritive value and health-care effect.For
The call of response " Health China 2030 ", apiculture circle propose that propulsion is natural to cover mature honey production, and gradually substitution needs
The high prematurity honey production of later period heating concentration processing, moisture content, promotes apiculture to produce and turns to environmental, low energy consumption type mode
Become, realizes that bee product quality-improving and nutrition are kept, promote the healthy and orderly development of bee industry.
It is natural to cover mature honey and refer to that honeybee, into honeycomb, is sufficiently made and by water in nectar source nectar flow acquisition nectar
Divide after being reduced to 20% hereinafter, covering entirely naturally, then shakes out or squeeze out by centrifugation, no longer needs to be concentrated and process energy for a long time
The honey of storage.Hot-working concentration honey, which refers to, repeatedly to be harvested on beekeeping in order to improve yield, abundant without honeybee
Brewing, moisture content are higher, easy to ferment, need by concentration under higher temperature to store for a long time to reduce moisture content
The honey deposited.Mature honey quality is good, value is high due to naturally covering, and is the product that business and consumer favors；But it compares
It is produced in prematurity honey, natural to cover that mature honey output is low, high production cost, Some Enterprises in nectar flow by repeatedly taking
Prematurity honey out, and mature native honey city has been upset to pretend to be the mature honey of natural capping by concentration processing in the later period
, consumer's interests have been encroached on, industry healthy development is also unfavorable for.
It is similar in feature in major product index due to naturally covering mature honey and hot-working concentration honey, at present still
No effective authentication technique can accurately distinguish the mature honey of natural capping and hot-working concentration honey.Therefore, it needs to establish suitable
The method and index of conjunction naturally cover the honey of mature honey and hot-working concentration to identify.
Summary of the invention
For the shortcomings in the field, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of mature honey of the natural capping of identification and Re Jia
The method of work concentration honey.
Realize the technical solution of above-mentioned purpose of the present invention are as follows:
A method of identify it is natural cover mature honey and honey is concentrated in hot-working, with 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,
4- butantriol is target substance can determine that this when detecting the content of target substance described in honey sample >=100.0mg/kg
Honey have passed through hot-working, for the honey that non-natural capping is mature.
Further, the method detected is liquid chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) and liquid phase
One of chromatographic tandem mass spectrography or two kinds.
Wherein, for the sampling of detection are as follows: honey sample is taken to be dissolved in the buffer solution that pH is 2.0~11.0
Between 10 DEG C~60 DEG C, 30min~30h is mixed.
The buffer solution can be phosphoric acid-phosphate buffer solution containing aromatic diamines, acetic acid-acetate salt buffer
Solution, boric acid-borate buffer solution, but not limited to this.The mass volume ratio of sample and buffer solution can for 2g:1~
5mL。
A preferred technical solution of the present invention is, comprising steps of
1) sample preparation: honey sample being dissolved in the buffer solution that pH is 4~8, under the conditions of room temperature, being protected from light, mixing 10h~
For 24 hours, the ratio of honey sample and buffer solution is 1~3g:1mL；
2) purify: step 1) reaction acquired solution directly measures after filter membrane once filters, or small through Solid Phase Extraction again
It is measured after column purification and filter membrane secondary filter；
3) chromatography detects: using liquid chromatogram, ultraviolet, fluorescence or mass spectrography are detected.
A preferred technical solution of the present invention is, in step 2), step 1) reacts acquired solution through filtering with microporous membrane,
It is detected for mass spectrography.
Another optimal technical scheme of the invention is, in step 2), it is primary that step 1) reacts acquired solution miillpore filter
Filtering, solid phase extraction column purify, and after miillpore filter secondary filter, are used for liquid chromatogram ultraviolet detection.
Wherein, in step 3) the liquid chromatogram ultraviolet detection, ultraviolet wavelength is set as 300~330nm；
Preferably, liquid chromatogram uses reverse-phase chromatographic column, and the reverse-phase chromatographic column is C18, C8, in phenyl packed column one
Kind；Mobile phase is acetonitrile and aqueous formic acid or methanol and aqueous formic acid, and flow velocity is 0.2~1.0mL/min.
It is highly preferred that mobile phase is that acetonitrile and aqueous formic acid (formic acid of 0.1%-0.4%) or methanol and formic acid are water-soluble
Liquid (formic acid of 0.1%-0.4%).
Wherein, in step 3) the liquid chromatogram ultraviolet detection, ultraviolet wavelength is set as 300-330nm.
1- (2- quinoxaline) -1 is analyzed with HPLC- UV detection device, 2,3,4- butantriols, analysis condition can be with
Are as follows: reverse-phase chromatographic column Agilent proshell C18, 2.1 × 100mm, 2.7 μm；Column temperature: 30 DEG C；Mobile phase: methanol A+
0.1% aqueous formic acid B, gradient elution, 0-3min, A+B=10+90；3-15min, A+B=60+40；15-20min, A+B=
10+90；20-21min, A+B=90+10；21-30min, A+B=90+10；Flow velocity: 0.2mL/min；Ultraviolet detection wavelength:
318nm；Inserting needle volume: 2 μ L；
For tandem mass spectrum, elution requirement can be with are as follows: mobile phase: A0.1% aqueous formic acid+B methanol, gradient elution, 0-
2min, 10%B；2-10min, 60%B；10-15min, 80%B；15-16min, 10%B；16-25min, 10%B；Flow velocity:
0.2mL/min。
Wherein, in the step 3) mass spectrography, using electrospray ionisation, atomization gas temperature is 250~350 DEG C, atomization gas
Flow velocity is 6~12L/min, and atomization gas pressure is 30~50psi, and sheath temperature degree is 260~350 DEG C, sheath gas 6-12L/
Min, ionization voltage 4000kv, fragment voltage are 60~175kv.1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- butantriol monitors ion
It is 251.1026.
Wherein, in the mass spectrography, scanning mode is positive ion mode, using full scan and multiple-reaction monitoring pattern.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are
The present invention is for statistical analysis by the way that compound in honey is concentrated to the natural mature honey of capping and different hot-working
Research, it is determined that 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- butantriols, which can be used as effectively to distinguish, natural covers mature honey and heat
The index of processing concentration honey.By the verifying to honey under different cultivars honey and different storage requirements, it was demonstrated that this method can
By effective.
The derivating agent that the method for the present invention is selected can naturally cover mature honey with accurate quantitative analysis and honey sample is concentrated in hot-working
In 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- butantriols identify for science and natural cover mature honey and hot-working is concentrated honey and mentions
Effective scientific method is supplied.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- butantriol liquid chromatogram-it is ultraviolet-flight time mass spectrum figure.Standard specimen
TIC (total ion chromatogram), ultraviolet and mass spectrogram are respectively Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b, Fig. 1 c.
Fig. 2 is the natural liquid phase ultraviolet determination chromatogram for covering mature honey and hot-working concentration honey.
Fig. 3 is 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- fourth three after the mature honey of natural capping is newly acquired and placed 18 months
Alcohol liquid phase ultraviolet determination chromatogram.
Fig. 4 is 18 months 1- (2- quinoline evils of honey placement to be concentrated with hot-working in natural capping maturation honey placement 18 months
Quinoline) -1,2,3,4- butantriol measurement liquid phase ultraviolet determination chromatogram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is now illustrated with following embodiment, but is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Means used in specification are unless otherwise instructed this field conventional technology.
Test example
5 hydroxymethyl furfural (5-HMF) is the index of existing evaluation honey hot-working degree and period of storage, detection side
Method is GB/T 18932.18-2003.Its limit index is≤40mg/kg.It is natural to cover mature honey 5-HMF content in 0-
Between 16mg/kg, and 5-HMF content may be in 40mg/kg or more after hot-working.But 5-HMF is easy to remove by resin, example
Such as: the 5-HMF content of certain heating concentration honey sample is 55mg/kg, and the diameter filled by XAD2 macroreticular resin and height are respectively
After resin column for 50cm and 100cm, 5-HMF content is reduced to 5mg/kg in the honey sample.It is found in practice, many enterprises
Pretend to be the mature honey of natural capping by removing or reducing its content for the 5-HMF in heating concentration honey.Therefore, 5-HMF
It is not whether evaluation honey carried out hot worked ideal indicator.
1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- butantriols are different from 5-HMF, can not be effectively removed by means such as resin filterings
1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- butantriol.Such as: 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- fourth of certain heating concentration honey sample
Triol content is 137mg/kg, after the diameter and the high respectively resin column of 50cm and 100cm filled by XAD2 macroreticular resin,
- 1,2,3,4- butantriol content of 1- (2- quinoxaline) is 133mg/kg in the honey sample, shows 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,
4- butantriol is not substantially by resin adsorption.
This research unit finds that -1,2,3,4- butantriol content of 1- (2- quinoxaline) exists in detection and analysis work for a long time
It is natural to cover between mature honey and hot-working concentration honey there are significant difference, the mature honey 1- of the natural capping newly harvested
(2- quinoxaline) -1, the average content of 2,3,4- butantriols are 55.4mg/kg, and (18 months are honey to room temperature within 18 months
Common shelf life), 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1, the average content of 2,3,4- butantriols is 70.4mg/kg；But add at 60 DEG C
After hot 2h, 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1 in honey, the content of 2,3,4- butantriols is 130mg/kg, 1- (2- quinoline after placing 18 months
Dislike quinoline) -1,2,3,4- butantriol content increase be 206.5mg/kg.Therefore, 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- butantriols are mirror
The appropriate criteria of mature honey and hot-working concentration honey is not covered not naturally.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment shows a kind of natural method for covering mature honey and hot-working concentration honey of identification, operates as follows:
1, from the cooperation bee farm in Shaanxi, 10 including rape honey, Mel Jujubae, chaste honey, acacia honey are acquired respectively
It is natural to cover mature honey (number N1-N10) and corresponding 10 prematurity honey, and simulate heating concentration side, factory
Formula, obtains hot-working concentration 10 samples (number H1-H10) of honey, and all honey samples are surveyed by Ordinary fruit quality index
Fixed and pollen identification, meets corresponding honey attributive character.It is examined according to " NY/T 752-2012 green food bee product ", fructose
With glucose total amount 73%~78%, antibiotic and pesticide residue is not detected in moisture content 18.9%~19.6%.
2, sample preparation: weighing honey sample 2g, and the phosphate buffer solution 2mL dissolution for being 5.0 with pH (contains mass content
1% o-phenylenediamine), it crosses liquid and places for 24 hours；
3, sample purification: sample liquid passes through reverse phase solid phase extraction pillar OASIS HLB after filtering with microporous membrane in batches
(6mL, 200mg, before use, being activated with 5mL methanol and 10mL water) column purification, after sample liquid stream is complete, is cleaned with 3mL water, uses 3mL
After methanol elution, water is added to be settled to 10mL, the solution after constant volume is after filtering with microporous membrane, measurement.
4, ultra performance liquid chromatography-it is ultraviolet-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spec-trometry (UHPLC-UV-Q-TOF/MS) analyze 1- (2-
Quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- butantriols are relatively more natural to cover compound difference in mature honey and hot-working concentration honey.Analysis
Actual conditions are as follows:
6545 UHPLC-UV-Q-TOF/MS of Agilent, reverse-phase chromatographic column Agilent proshell C18, 2.1 ×
100mm, 2.7 μm；Column temperature: 30 DEG C；Mobile phase: methanol A+0.1% aqueous formic acid B, gradient elution, 0-3min, A+B=10+
90；3-15min, A+B=60+40；15-20min, A+B=10+90；20-21min, A+B=90+10；21-30min, A+B=
90+10；Flow velocity: 0.2mL/min；Ultraviolet detection wavelength: 318nm；Inserting needle volume: 2 μ L；
Mass spectral analysis: ESI+, atomization gas temperature: 320 DEG C, atomization gas flow velocity: 6L/min；Atomization gas pressure: 40psi；Sheath
Temperature degree: 320 DEG C；Sheath gas: 16L/min；Ionization voltage 4000kv；Fragmentation voltage 115kv；Scanning mode: full scan；It sweeps
Retouch range 60-500；Secondary fragment, Target MS/MS mode, linear impactor 0-25eV.1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- fourth
The mass spectrum accurate molecular masses of triol are 251.1026.Standard specimen TIC (total ion chromatogram), ultraviolet and mass spectrogram are shown in figure respectively
1a, Fig. 1 b, Fig. 1 c.
The measurement result of actual sample is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 naturally covers 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- butantriol content in mature honey and hot-working concentration honey
As it can be seen from table 1 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- butantriols are dense in the mature honey of natural capping and hot-working
Content in contracting honey has notable difference.After thermal concentration is processed, 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1 in honey, 2,3,4- butantriols contain
Amount is all larger than 130mg/kg, and naturally covers mature honey in 55.4mg/kg-62.3mg/kg.Fig. 2 is the mature bee of natural capping
The liquid phase ultraviolet determination chromatogram of honey and hot-working concentration honey 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- butantriol.According to sample room
Difference, setting 100mg/kg identifies natural capping and hot-working concentration honey as threshold value.
5, mature honey and hot-working concentration honey will naturally be covered after room temperature 18 months, measurement 1- (dislike by 2- quinoline
Quinoline) -1,2,3,4- butantriol changes of contents.1) sample preparation processing is handled according to step 3: sample 2g is weighed, with pH=5.0 phosphoric acid
Salt buffer solution 2mL dissolution, reacting at normal temperature without light for 24 hours, sample liquid after filtering with microporous membrane in batches by OASIS HLB (6mL,
200mg, before use, being activated with 5mL methanol and 10mL water) column purification, after sample liquid stream is complete, is cleaned with 3mL water, uses 3mL methanol
Elution adds water to be settled to 10mL, after membrane filtration, the measurement of liquid chromatogram fluorescence detector.Instrument condition: ultra performance liquid chromatography
Equipped with UV detector (Agilent 1260 is furnished with UV detector)；
Reverse-phase chromatographic column Agilent proshell C18, 2.1 × 100mm, 2.7 μm；Column temperature: 30 DEG C；Mobile phase: methanol A
+ 0.1% aqueous formic acid B, gradient elution, 0-3min, A+B=10+90；3-15min, A+B=60+40；15-20min, A+B
=10+90；20-21min, A+B=90+10；21-30min, A+B=90+10；Flow velocity: 0.2mL/min；Ultraviolet detection wavelength:
318nm；Inserting needle volume: 2 μ L；
Detection wavelength 318nm.
Fig. 3 shows placement 18 months, natural to cover maturation honey 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1, the change of 2,3,4- butantriols
Change, rises to 70.4mg/kg from 58.7mg/kg.
Fig. 4 shows that nature covers mature honey and 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1 after honey stores 18 months is concentrated in hot-working,
2,3,4- butantriol content differences, the content for covering mature honey naturally is 80.3mg/kg, and the content of hot-working concentration honey is
202.3mg/kg。
The result shows that: honey routine preservation will not influence the judgement of result.Even if storage 18 months, mature bee is covered naturally
The content of 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- butantriol of honey is also less than 100mg/kg.And the 1- of hot-working honey (dislike by 2- quinoline
Quinoline) -1, the content of 2,3,4- butantriols is placed 18 months and is not reduced, and illustrates that 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- butantriols are
Good identification beacon.
Embodiment 2
Sample source: Shaanxi enterprise sample presentation, wherein 2 samples are to extract honey to obtain from bee farm after honey covers, number S1-
S2, merely through simple filtering.5 it is doubtful pass through hot worked acacia sample SH1-SH5, these products declare nature capping at
It is ripe, it is processed without any heating.Early period, the sample was measured by 5-HMF, and content is respectively less than 15mg/kg, was far below 40mg/
kg.It can not prove whether it undergoes heating process.
Sample treatment: weighing sample 2g, and it is molten that 2mL phosphate buffer solution (o-phenylenediamine containing mass content 2%) is added
It solves, after ambient temperature overnight mixing 12h, after 0.22 μm of filtering with microporous membrane, is measured using ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrum.
Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry determination condition: 6495 tandem mass spectrometer of Agilent, chromatographic column Agilent Zorbax
SB-Aq, 2.1 × 100mm, 3.5 μm；Column temperature: 30 DEG C；Mobile phase: A0.1% aqueous formic acid+B methanol, gradient elution, 0-
2min, 10%B；2-10min, 60%B；10-15min, 80%B；15-16min, 10%B；16-25min, 10%B；Flow velocity:
0.2mL/min；Inserting needle volume: 10 μ L.
Mass spectral analysis: ionization mode: electron spray positive ion mode (ESI+) is furnished with ion funnel device；Atomization gas temperature:
320 DEG C, atomization gas flow velocity: 6L/min；Atomization gas pressure: 45psi；Sheath temperature degree: 320 DEG C；Sheath gas: 12L/min；Ionization
Voltage: 4kv；Scanning mode: multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM), the specific ion that detects see the table below 2.
2 1- of table (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- butantriol monitors ion pair and data acquisition conditions
A is quota ion.
Interpretation of result:
7 samples detected, 2 naturally cover 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1 in acacia honey, and 2,3,4- butantriols contain
Amount is 51.3 and 53.4mg/kg.
The content of 1- (2- quinoxaline) -1,2,3,4- butantriol is in 149~176mg/ in the sample of 5 doubtful heating concentrations
Between kg, content is much larger than the threshold value of 100mg/kg, is determined as that the product have passed through heating concentration.
Above embodiment is only that preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described, is not carried out to the scope of the present invention
It limits, without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention, this field ordinary engineering and technical personnel is to technical solution of the present invention
The all variations and modifications made, should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of natural method for covering mature honey and hot-working concentration honey of identification, which is characterized in that with 1-, (2- quinoline is disliked
Quinoline) -1,2,3,4- butantriols are target substance, when detecting the content of target substance described in honey sample >=100.0mg/kg,
It can determine that the honey have passed through hot-working, for the honey that non-natural capping is mature.
2. the natural method for covering mature honey and hot-working concentration honey of identification according to claim 1, feature exist
In detection method therefor is in liquid chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
One kind or two kinds.
3. the natural method for covering mature honey and hot-working concentration honey of identification according to claim 1, feature exist
In sampling for detection are as follows: take honey sample to be dissolved in the buffer solution that pH is 2.0~11.0, and place temperature
At 10 DEG C~60 DEG C, 30min~30h is mixed；Contain phosphoric acid, phosphate, acetic acid, acetate, boric acid, boron in the buffer solution
Hydrochlorate, 2- nitro-o-phenylenediamine, 3- nitro-o-phenylenediamine, 5- nitro-o-phenylenediamine, o-phenylenediamine, 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine, connection
One of aniline is a variety of.
4. the natural method for covering mature honey and hot-working concentration honey of described in any item identifications according to claim 1~3,
Characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
1) sample preparation: honey sample being dissolved in the buffer solution that pH is 4~8, and 10h~for 24 hours is mixed under the conditions of room temperature, being protected from light,
The ratio of honey sample and buffer solution is 1~3g:1mL；
2) purify: step 1) reaction acquired solution directly measures after filter membrane once filters, or net through solid phase extraction column again
Change and is measured after filter membrane secondary filter；
3) chromatography detects: using liquid chromatogram ultraviolet or mass spectrography detects.
5. the natural method for covering mature honey and hot-working concentration honey of identification according to claim 4, feature exist
In in step 2), step 1) acquired solution is detected through filtering with microporous membrane for mass spectrography.
6. the natural method for covering mature honey and hot-working concentration honey of identification according to claim 4, feature exist
In in step 2), step 1) acquired solution is once filtered with miillpore filter, solid phase extraction column purifies, the secondary mistake of miillpore filter
After filter, it to be used for liquid chromatogram ultraviolet detection.
7. the natural method for covering mature honey and hot-working concentration honey of identification according to claim 4, feature exist
In in step 3) the liquid chromatogram ultraviolet detection, ultraviolet wavelength is set as 300~330nm.
8. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, liquid chromatogram uses reverse-phase chromatographic column, the reverse-phase chromatography
Column is C18, C8, one of phenyl packed column；Mobile phase is acetonitrile and aqueous formic acid or methanol and aqueous formic acid, flow velocity
For 0.2~1.0mL/min.
9. according to the described in any item methods of claim 4~8, which is characterized in that in the step 3) mass spectrography, use EFI
Mist ionization, atomization gas temperature are 250~350 DEG C, and atomization gas flow velocity is 6~12L/min, and atomization gas pressure is 30~50psi, sheath
Temperature degree is 260~350 DEG C, sheath gas 6-12L/min, ionization voltage 4000kv, and fragment voltage is 60~175kv.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, scanning mode is positive ion mode in the mass spectrography,
Using full scan and multiple-reaction monitoring pattern.
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| CN111896649A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-06 | 西北大学 | Method for identifying mature honey and immature honey |
| WO2023093731A1 (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-06-01 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Method for identifying degree of maturity of acacia honey |
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| WO2023093731A1 (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-06-01 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Method for identifying degree of maturity of acacia honey |
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