CN109737847B - Steel rail variable cross-section size measuring scale - Google Patents
Steel rail variable cross-section size measuring scale Download PDFInfo
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- CN109737847B CN109737847B CN201910152395.XA CN201910152395A CN109737847B CN 109737847 B CN109737847 B CN 109737847B CN 201910152395 A CN201910152395 A CN 201910152395A CN 109737847 B CN109737847 B CN 109737847B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a steel rail variable cross-section size measuring scale, which comprises a reference seat, a main scale vernier, an auxiliary scale vernier and a positioning vernier; the top surface of the reference seat is used as a measuring reference surface; the bottom end of the main ruler is fixed with the reference seat; the main scale is sleeved with a main scale vernier and a positioning vernier which can slide up and down along the main scale from top to bottom. A positioning vernier measuring claw is arranged on the right side of the positioning vernier, and the right side surface is vertical and serves as a first measuring surface; the right side of the vernier of the main ruler is connected with the left end of the auxiliary ruler; the auxiliary ruler is sleeved with an auxiliary ruler vernier which can slide left and right along the auxiliary ruler. And an auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw is arranged below the auxiliary ruler vernier, the left side surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw is vertical, and the lower end surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw is horizontal and is respectively used as a second measuring surface and a third measuring surface. The left ends of the main ruler vernier and the reference seat can be respectively designed with a main ruler vernier measuring claw and a reference seat measuring claw. The variable cross-section size measuring scale for the steel rail improves the measuring precision, integrates the measuring functions of various measuring tools, and is convenient and efficient to measure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway tracks, in particular to a multifunctional vernier caliper for measuring the variable cross-section size of a turnout steel rail piece machining area.
Background
The steel rail parts such as switch rail, long rail, short rail in the switch need process the transition gradually to the former width from 0mm with its front end railhead width, and the variable cross section district in the middle sets up a plurality of control section, controls the processing line type in variable cross section district through measuring control section's rail height, railhead width.
The width of the head of the rail is the distance between two points of the working edge and the non-working edge of the head at the position of the gauge line, and under the normal condition, the distance between the gauge line and the theoretical top surface of the rail is 16 mm. Because the heights of the tops of the point rail and the point rail in the variable cross-section area are gradually changed, the positions of the gauge lines of the point rail and the point rail are required to be determined, and then the widths of the point rail and the point rail are required to be measured.
During actual measurement, a 300mm long-claw vernier caliper is adopted to measure the actual rail height, then the distance H between the gauge line and the actual rail height is calculated, the tooth height is set according to the value H by the tooth thickness caliper, the gauge line is positioned, and the width of the rail head is measured by the tooth thickness ruler.
The method is the simplest method in practical application, but has the following defects: need carry two kinds of measuring tool of tooth thickness slide caliper rule and 300mm long claw slide caliper rule, the gauge line position need calculate to tooth thickness slide caliper rule and slide caliper rule's measuring surface is all narrower, and the rail top surface is horizontal for the arc surface, and is vertical for the inclined plane, and the blade is very easy all around to the slope in the measurement process, is difficult for just, produces great measuring error.
The invention patent (patent number CN203837607) granted by the national intellectual property office 2014, 09, month and 17, is a vernier caliper for detecting the section size of a steel rail, and the vernier caliper has the functions of measuring the relative positions of two positions on the same side of the steel rail and reducing the number of templates, but does not have the structural characteristics of measuring the height of the rail and the net width of a rail head; the invention patent (patent number CN204988062) issued on 20.01.2016 discloses an AT point rail section measuring vernier caliper which can only realize the point rail section height and the rail head width AT the machining angle of 1:4, but does not have corresponding structural characteristics for point rails with other machining inclinations, long point rails and short point rails.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of multiple measuring tools, inconvenience in measurement and low accuracy of measurement results in the background art, provides a steel rail variable cross section size measuring vernier caliper with integrated functions, small error of measurement results, convenience in measurement and good universality, and integrates the functions of multiple measuring tools into one vernier.
A measuring scale for measuring the variable cross-section of steel rail is composed of reference base, main scale, vernier of main scale, auxiliary scale, vernier of auxiliary scale and locating vernier.
The reference seat is of a strip-shaped plate structure, and the top surface of the reference seat is a horizontal plane and is used as a measuring reference surface; the bottom end of the main ruler is fixed with the reference seat; the main scale is sleeved with a main scale vernier and a positioning vernier which can slide up and down along the main scale from top to bottom.
A positioning vernier measuring claw is arranged on the right side of the positioning vernier, the bottom surface of the positioning vernier measuring claw is parallel to the measuring reference surface of the reference seat, and the right side surface of the positioning vernier measuring claw is vertical to serve as a first measuring surface; the right side of the vernier of the main ruler is connected with the left end of the auxiliary ruler; the auxiliary ruler is parallel to the reference surface of the reference seat; the auxiliary ruler is sleeved with an auxiliary ruler vernier which can slide left and right along the auxiliary ruler.
And an auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw is arranged below the auxiliary ruler vernier, the left side surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw is vertical, and the lower end surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw is horizontal and is respectively used as a second measuring surface and a third measuring surface.
When the positioning vernier is contacted with the main ruler vernier, the bottom surface of the positioning vernier measuring claw is coplanar with the bottom surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw; if the right side surface of the positioning vernier measuring claw is attached to the left side surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw, the reading of the auxiliary ruler is 0 mm.
The left ends of the main ruler vernier and the reference seat can be respectively designed with a main ruler vernier measuring claw and a reference seat measuring claw. The length design of the main ruler vernier measuring claw is equal to that of the reference base measuring claw, and the outer end parts of the main ruler vernier measuring claw and the reference base measuring claw are designed to be horizontal planes with the same thickness and are provided with opposite inner measuring surfaces and opposite outer measuring surfaces. The measuring surface in the measuring claw of the reference seat is coplanar with the reference surface of the reference seat; and the bottom surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw, the bottom surface of the positioning vernier measuring claw and the lower end surface of the inner measuring surface of the main ruler vernier measuring claw can be simultaneously in coplanar contact with the measuring reference surface of the reference seat, and the reading of the main ruler is 0mm at the moment.
The invention relates to a steel rail variable cross-section size measuring scale, which comprises the following measuring methods:
when the width of the variable-section railhead of the steel rail is measured, firstly, the main ruler vernier is moved to enable the reading to be the height of the gauge line, then, the locking screw on the main ruler vernier is screwed, then, the positioning vernier is moved upwards to be tightly attached to the main ruler vernier, and the locking screw on the positioning vernier is screwed. And then, loosening the locking screw on the main scale vernier, moving the main scale vernier upwards to enable the height of the main scale vernier to be larger than the height of the steel rail, adsorbing the reference seat on the rail bottom at the measuring section of the measured steel rail in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the steel rail, and moving the reference seat to enable the measuring claw of the positioning vernier to be attached to the rail head of the steel rail. And finally, putting down the main ruler vernier to be in contact with the positioning vernier, locking a locking screw on the main ruler, and simultaneously adjusting the position of the auxiliary ruler vernier to enable a measuring claw of the auxiliary ruler vernier to be in contact with the measured rail head of the steel rail, wherein the reading of the auxiliary ruler is the width of the rail head at the measured position.
After the width of the rail head is measured in the mode, the locking screw on the main ruler vernier is loosened, the main ruler vernier is lifted upwards, the auxiliary ruler vernier is moved, the lower end face of the measuring claw of the auxiliary ruler vernier is positioned above the highest point of the section of the measured steel rail, and the locking screw on the auxiliary ruler vernier is locked at the moment. And then, the main ruler vernier is dropped downwards, the lower end surface of the measuring claw of the auxiliary vernier is just in contact with the highest point of the section of the measured steel rail, and the reading of the main ruler is the height of the section rail.
When the hole diameter is measured, the positioning vernier is moved to the lowest end, the relative positions of the outer measuring surfaces of the measuring claws of the reference base and the main ruler vernier, which are attached to the inner wall of the hole, are measured, and at the moment, the main ruler reading plus the thickness of the two measuring claws is taken as the hole diameter.
When the height of the hole center distance from the rail bottom is measured, the length direction of the measuring claw of the reference base and the length direction of the measuring claw of the main ruler vernier are parallel to the axis of the hole and are in the same vertical plane, the inner measuring surface of the measuring claw of the reference base is attached to the bottom surface of the leaning rail, the main ruler vernier is moved, the outer measuring surface of the measuring claw of the main ruler vernier abuts against the inner wall of the upper end of the hole, and at the moment, the hole radius is subtracted from the thickness of the measuring claw added to the reading of the main ruler.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention discloses a steel rail variable cross section size measuring scale, which solves the problem of low measuring result precision caused by the fact that a measuring tool is not easy to align when the variable cross section size of a turnout steel rail is measured, and improves the measuring precision;
2. the invention discloses a steel rail variable cross section size measuring scale, which integrates the measuring functions of various measuring tools, has the functions of measuring the height, the width of a rail head, the width of a rail bottom, the aperture, the hole and the like of a steel rail variable cross section area, and reduces the types of the measuring tools used for measuring the steel rail variable cross section size.
3. The invention discloses a steel rail variable cross section size measuring scale, which realizes the one-time measurement completion of the height of a steel rail variable cross section processing area and the width of a rail head without calculating the position of a gauge line or converting a measured value, and has convenient and efficient measurement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rail variable cross-section dimension measuring scale according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a method for measuring the width of a rail head with a variable cross section by using the steel rail variable cross section dimension measuring scale of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring the height of a rail at a section of a steel rail by using the steel rail variable cross-section dimension measuring scale of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the height measurement mode of the rail base from the center of the hole by the rail variable cross-section dimension measuring scale of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-base 2-main scale 3-main scale vernier
4-auxiliary ruler 5-auxiliary ruler vernier 6-positioning vernier
7-locking bolt 8-stop screw 101-magnet mounting groove
301-main ruler vernier measuring claw 302-reference base measuring claw 501-auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw
601-positioning vernier measuring claw
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a steel rail variable cross-section dimension measuring scale, which comprises a reference base 1, a main scale 2, a main scale vernier 3, an auxiliary scale 4, an auxiliary scale vernier 5 and a positioning vernier 6, and is shown in figure 1.
The reference base 1 is of a strip-shaped plate-shaped structure and is transversely arranged, and the top surface is a horizontal plane and serves as a measuring reference surface. Reference base 1 middle part is equipped with 3 magnet mounting grooves 101 for lay magnet, make reference base 1 adsorbable on the measurement reference surface of different testees, and above-mentioned 3 magnet mounting grooves 101 of department are respectively for on the left side of reference base 1, the right side position, make adsorb more firm.
The main scale 2 is perpendicular to the reference base 1, the bottom end of the main scale is located with the reference base 1 through a pin shaft and is screwed and fixed with the reference base 1 through a bolt, and the main scale 2 and the reference base 1 can be machined integrally or the main scale 2 and the reference base 1 are welded together. The main scale 2 is sleeved with a main scale vernier 3 and a positioning vernier 6 which can slide up and down along the main scale from top to bottom. The main ruler vernier 3 and the positioning vernier 6 can be digital display vernier or mechanical vernier; set up the screw hole on main scale vernier 3 and the location vernier 6, screw hole internal thread installation locking bolt 7 through screwing up locking bolt 7, makes locking bolt 7 tip top tight main scale 2, realizes the fixed position between main scale vernier 3 and location vernier 6 and main scale 2. Stop screw 8 is still installed to the main scale 2 upper end for the movement of restriction main scale vernier 3 and location vernier 6 prevents main scale vernier 3 and location vernier 6 roll-off main scale 2.
The positioning vernier measuring claw 601 is arranged on the right side of the positioning vernier 6, the bottom surface of the positioning vernier measuring claw 601 is parallel to the measuring reference surface of the reference base 1, and the right side surface is vertical to serve as a first measuring surface.
The right side of the main ruler vernier 3 is connected with the left end of the auxiliary ruler 4. The sub-scale 4 is parallel to the reference surface of the reference base 1. The auxiliary ruler 4 is sleeved with an auxiliary ruler vernier 5 which can slide left and right along the auxiliary ruler 4. Similarly, a threaded hole is formed in the auxiliary ruler vernier 5, a locking bolt 7 is installed in the threaded hole, the end part of the locking bolt 7 is tightly propped against the auxiliary ruler 4 by screwing the locking bolt 7, and the position fixing between the auxiliary ruler vernier 5 and the auxiliary ruler 4 is realized; and set screw 8 is installed to vice chi 4 right-hand member for the removal of restriction vice chi vernier 5 prevents that vice chi vernier 5 from roll-off vice chi 4. An auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw 501 is arranged below the auxiliary ruler vernier 5, the left side surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw 501 is vertical, and the lower end surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw 501 is horizontal and is respectively used as a second measuring surface and a third measuring surface; when the positioning vernier 6 is contacted with the main ruler vernier 3, the bottom surface of the positioning vernier measuring claw 601 is coplanar with the bottom surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw 501; at this time, when the auxiliary ruler vernier 5 approaches the main ruler vernier 3, the right side surface of the positioning vernier measuring claw 601 is attached to the left side surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw 501, and the reading of the auxiliary ruler 4 is 0 mm.
When the invention is used for measuring the width of the variable-section railhead of the steel rail, firstly, the main ruler vernier 3 is moved to read the height of the gauge line, then the locking screw 7 on the main ruler vernier 3 is screwed, then the positioning vernier 6 is moved upwards to be tightly attached to the main ruler vernier 3, and the locking screw 7 on the positioning vernier 6 is screwed. And then, loosening the locking screw 7 on the main scale vernier 3, moving the main scale vernier 3 upwards to enable the height of the main scale vernier 3 to be larger than the height of the steel rail, adsorbing the reference seat 1 at the rail bottom of the measured steel rail measuring section in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the steel rail, and moving the reference seat 1 to enable the positioning vernier measuring claw 601 to be attached to the rail head of the steel rail. And finally, lowering the main ruler vernier 3 to contact with the positioning vernier 6, and simultaneously adjusting the position of the auxiliary ruler vernier 5 to enable the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw 501 to contact with the measured rail head of the steel rail, wherein the reading of the auxiliary ruler 4 is the width of the rail head at the measured position.
As shown in fig. 3, after the rail head width is measured in the above manner, the locking screw 7 on the main ruler vernier 3 is loosened, the main ruler vernier 3 is lifted upwards, and the auxiliary ruler vernier 5 is moved, so that the lower end surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw 501 is positioned above the highest point of the measured rail section, and the locking screw on the auxiliary ruler vernier 5 is locked at the moment. And then, the main ruler vernier 3 falls down, the lower end surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw 501 is just in contact with the highest point of the section of the measured steel rail, and the reading of the main ruler 2 is the section rail height.
According to the requirement, the main scale vernier measuring claw 301 and the reference base measuring claw 302 can be respectively designed at the left ends of the main scale vernier 3 and the reference base 1, so that the measuring scale of the invention has the functions of measuring the aperture and the height of the hole center from the rail bottom. The length of the main ruler vernier measuring claw 301 is equal to that of the reference base measuring claw 302, and the length of the main ruler vernier measuring claw and the length of the reference base measuring claw are both 70 mm; the outer end parts of the main ruler vernier measuring claw 301 and the reference base measuring claw 302 are designed into horizontal planes with the same thickness, and are provided with opposite inner measuring surfaces and opposite outer measuring surfaces; wherein the measuring surface in the measuring claw 302 of the reference base is coplanar with the reference surface of the reference base; and the bottom surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw 501, the bottom surface of the positioning vernier measuring claw 601 and the lower end surface of the measuring surface in the main ruler vernier measuring claw 301 can simultaneously contact with the measuring reference surface of the reference base 1 in a coplanar manner, and the reading of the main ruler 2 is 0 mm.
When the hole diameter is measured, the positioning vernier 6 is moved to the lowest end, the relative positions of the outer measuring surfaces of the measuring claw 302 and the main ruler vernier measuring claw 301 close to the inner wall of the hole are measured by using the reference seat, and the hole diameter is obtained by adding the thickness of the two measuring claws to the reading of the main ruler 2.
When the height of the hole center distance from the rail bottom is measured, the length direction of the reference base measuring claw 302 and the main ruler vernier measuring claw 301 is parallel to the axis of the hole and is in the same vertical plane, the inner measuring surface of the reference base measuring claw 302 is attached to the bottom surface of the rail, the main ruler vernier 3 is moved, the outer measuring surface of the main ruler vernier measuring claw 301 is enabled to be propped against the inner wall of the upper end of the hole, and at the moment, the hole radius is subtracted from the thickness of the measuring claw added to the reading of the main ruler 2, so that the height of the hole.
In the invention, a hard alloy block is embedded in the contact position between the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw 501 and the positioning vernier measuring claw 601 and the steel rail, and comprises the lower left corner of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw 501 and the lower right corner of the positioning vernier measuring claw 601, so that the part contacted with the measured steel rail is prevented from being abraded during measurement, and the service life of the measuring tool is prolonged.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a rail variable cross section dimensional measurement chi which characterized in that: comprises a reference seat, a main ruler vernier, an auxiliary ruler vernier and a positioning vernier;
the reference seat is of a strip-shaped plate structure, and the top surface of the reference seat is a horizontal plane and is used as a measuring reference surface; the middle part of the reference seat is provided with 3 magnet mounting grooves for placing magnets, so that the reference seat can be adsorbed on the measuring reference surfaces of different measured objects, and the 3 magnet mounting grooves are respectively arranged at the left, middle and right positions of the reference seat; the bottom end of the main ruler is fixed with the reference seat; the main scale is sleeved with a main scale vernier and a positioning vernier which can slide up and down along the main scale from top to bottom;
a positioning vernier measuring claw is arranged on the right side of the positioning vernier, the bottom surface of the positioning vernier measuring claw is parallel to the measuring reference surface of the reference seat, and the right side surface of the positioning vernier measuring claw is vertical to serve as a first measuring surface; the right side of the vernier of the main ruler is connected with the left end of the auxiliary ruler; the auxiliary ruler is parallel to the reference surface of the reference seat; the auxiliary ruler is sleeved with an auxiliary ruler vernier which can slide left and right along the auxiliary ruler;
an auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw is arranged below the auxiliary ruler vernier, the left side surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw is vertical, and the lower end surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw is horizontal and is respectively used as a second measuring surface and a third measuring surface;
when the positioning vernier is contacted with the main ruler vernier, the bottom surface of the positioning vernier measuring claw is coplanar with the bottom surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw; if the right side surface of the positioning vernier measuring claw is attached to the left side surface of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw, the reading of the auxiliary ruler is 0 mm;
the left ends of the main ruler vernier and the reference seat are respectively provided with a main ruler vernier measuring claw and a reference seat measuring claw; the length design of the main ruler vernier measuring claw is equal to that of the reference base measuring claw, and the outer end parts of the main ruler vernier measuring claw and the reference base measuring claw are designed into horizontal planes with the same thickness and are provided with opposite inner measuring surfaces and opposite outer measuring surfaces; the measuring surface in the measuring claw of the reference seat is coplanar with the reference surface of the reference seat; the bottom surfaces of the auxiliary ruler vernier measuring claw, the positioning vernier measuring claw and the lower end surface of the inner measuring surface of the main ruler vernier measuring claw can be simultaneously in coplanar contact with the measuring reference surface of the reference base, and the reading of the main ruler is 0 mm;
when the width of the variable-section railhead of the steel rail is measured, firstly, moving the main ruler vernier to enable the reading to be the height of the gauge line, then screwing down the locking screw on the main ruler vernier, then, moving the positioning vernier upwards to be tightly attached to the main ruler vernier, and screwing down the locking screw on the positioning vernier; then, loosening a locking screw on the main scale vernier, moving the main scale vernier upwards to enable the height of the main scale vernier to be larger than the height of the steel rail, adsorbing a reference seat on the rail bottom of the measured steel rail measuring section in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the steel rail, and moving the reference seat to enable a positioning vernier measuring claw to be attached to the rail head of the steel rail; finally, the main ruler vernier is put down to be in contact with the positioning vernier, the locking screw on the main ruler is locked, and the position of the auxiliary ruler vernier is adjusted at the same time, so that the measuring claw of the auxiliary ruler vernier is in contact with the measured rail head of the steel rail, and the reading of the auxiliary ruler is the width of the rail head at the measured position;
after the width of the rail head is measured, loosening the locking screw on the main ruler vernier, lifting the main ruler vernier upwards, moving the auxiliary ruler vernier to enable the lower end face of the measuring claw of the auxiliary ruler vernier to be positioned above the highest point of the section of the measured steel rail, and locking the locking screw on the auxiliary ruler vernier; then, the main ruler vernier is dropped downwards, the lower end face of the measuring claw of the auxiliary ruler vernier is positioned at the highest point of the section of the measured steel rail and just contacts with the highest point, and the reading of the main ruler is the section rail height;
when the hole diameter is measured, the positioning vernier is moved to the lowest end, the relative positions of the outer measuring surfaces of the measuring claws of the reference base and the main ruler vernier, which are attached to the inner wall of the hole, are measured, and at the moment, the main ruler reading plus the thickness of the two measuring claws is taken as the hole diameter;
when the height of the hole center distance from the rail bottom is measured, the length direction of the measuring claw of the reference base and the length direction of the measuring claw of the main ruler vernier are parallel to the axis of the hole and are in the same vertical plane, the inner measuring surface of the measuring claw of the reference base is attached to the bottom surface of the leaning rail, the main ruler vernier is moved, the outer measuring surface of the measuring claw of the main ruler vernier abuts against the inner wall of the upper end of the hole, and at the moment, the hole radius is subtracted from the thickness of the measuring claw added to the reading of the main ruler.
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| CN201910152395.XA CN109737847B (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | Steel rail variable cross-section size measuring scale |
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| CN201910152395.XA CN109737847B (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | Steel rail variable cross-section size measuring scale |
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Effective date of registration: 20221018 Address after: 100000F12, Block A, Dingxing Building, No. 5 Fenghuangzui Road, Fengtai District, Beijing Patentee after: CHINA RAILWAY MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: China Railway Material General operation and Maintenance Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 13 / F, block C, Guohai Plaza, 17 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100031 Patentee before: CHINA RAILWAY MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |