CN109737741B - Non-ferrous metal smelting device - Google Patents
Non-ferrous metal smelting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109737741B CN109737741B CN201811626979.8A CN201811626979A CN109737741B CN 109737741 B CN109737741 B CN 109737741B CN 201811626979 A CN201811626979 A CN 201811626979A CN 109737741 B CN109737741 B CN 109737741B
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- filter plate
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- ferrous metal
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 206010006514 bruxism Diseases 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021652 non-ferrous alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of metal smelting, and particularly relates to a non-ferrous metal smelting device; comprises a work box, a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, a motor and a controller; the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are both provided with electric valves; the motor is positioned at the top of the working box, and the output end of the motor penetrates through the top of the working box and extends into the working box; the inner part of the working box is provided with a crushing unit, a first filter plate is arranged below the crushing disc, a second filter plate is arranged below the first filter plate, the electromagnetic disc is positioned in the crushing disc, a gap is reserved between the electromagnetic disc and the crushing disc, and the outer surface of the electromagnetic disc and the inner part of the crushing disc are provided with a gap; one side of the smelting chamber is provided with a first air pipe, one end of the first air pipe is communicated with the smelting chamber, and the other end of the first air pipe is communicated with a closed space formed by the second filter plate and the working box; a guide plate and a smelting chamber are arranged below the second filter plate; the invention has high smelting efficiency and high resource utilization rate, and can realize the utilization of wastes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal smelting, and particularly relates to a non-ferrous metal smelting device.
Background
Non-ferrous metals, also called non-ferrous metals in the narrow sense, are the general names of all metals except iron, manganese and chromium, non-ferrous metals in the broad sense also include non-ferrous alloys, non-ferrous metals are basic materials for national economic development, and non-ferrous metals are used as production bases in most industries such as aviation, aerospace, automobile, machinery manufacturing, electric power, communication, building, household appliances and the like. With the rapid advance of modern chemical industry, agriculture and scientific technology, the position of nonferrous metals in human development is more and more important, and the nonferrous metals are not only important strategic materials and important production materials in the world, but also important materials of consumption materials indispensable in human life; in the non-ferrous metal smelting process, non-ferrous metal is changed from a combined state to a free state, and a smelting furnace is usually used for dissolution production.
Smelting equipment of some non ferrous metals has also appeared among the prior art, chinese patent like application number 201721470362 discloses a non ferrous metal smelting furnace, including furnace body, feed inlet, smelting room and support, the furnace body upper end is provided with the feed inlet, and the furnace body is inside to be provided with the smelting room, and support fixed connection is provided with the air exhauster in furnace body lower extreme, and furnace body one side is provided with the exhaust column, and the air exhauster is connected with the smelting room through the exhaust column and is connected, and the furnace body opposite side is provided with the motor, and motor one end is connected with the transmission shaft.
According to the technical scheme, the non-ferrous metal smelting furnace can crush and smelt non-ferrous metals, but the non-ferrous metal is not crushed thoroughly, so that the smelting efficiency of the non-ferrous metals is directly influenced, although two smelting chambers are used for smelting the non-ferrous metals with different sizes, the cost for smelting the non-ferrous metals is increased, waste gas generated by smelting the non-ferrous metals is not utilized and is sucked away by an exhaust fan, but the waste gas generated during smelting has a large amount of heat, so that the service life of the exhaust fan is greatly shortened; so that the technical solution is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art and solve the problems that the non-ferrous metal smelting efficiency is low and the waste gas generated during smelting can not be properly treated in the prior art; the invention provides a non-ferrous metal smelting device.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a non-ferrous metal smelting device which comprises a working box, a feeding hole, a discharging hole, a motor and a controller, wherein the working box is provided with a feeding hole; the controller is used for controlling the non-ferrous metal smelting device to work; the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are both provided with electric valves; the motor is positioned at the top of the working box, and the output end of the motor penetrates through the top of the working box and extends into the working box; the working box is internally provided with a crushing unit, the crushing unit is used for crushing nonferrous metals, and the crushing unit comprises an electromagnetic disc, a crushing disc and a crushing shaft; the electromagnetic disc is connected with the output end of the motor through a spring, a first filter plate is arranged below the crushing disc, a second filter plate is arranged below the first filter plate, the first filter plate is connected with the inner wall of the working box in a sliding mode, and the second filter plate is fixedly connected with the working box; the crushing disc is connected with the first filter plate through a fixing rod, the section structure of the crushing disc is in a concave shape, the electromagnetic disc is positioned in the crushing disc, a gap is reserved between the electromagnetic disc and the crushing disc, crushing teeth are arranged on the outer surface of the electromagnetic disc and the inner surface of the crushing disc, and the motor drives the crushing teeth on the crushing disc to crush nonferrous metals when rotating; a first electric contact is arranged above the electromagnetic disc, a second electric contact is arranged inside the bottom of the working box, the electromagnetic disc rotates to drive the first electric contact to rotate, the first electric contact rotates for a circle to be contacted with the second electric contact once, and the electromagnetic disc is electrified once to impact the crushing disc once; the crushing shaft is arranged on the outer side of the crushing disc and symmetrically arranged by taking the output end of the motor as a reference, a hollow cavity is formed in the crushing shaft, the crushing shaft is rotatably connected with the working box through a hollow shaft, a rigid rope is wound on the part of the hollow shaft, which is positioned outside the working box, the rigid rope is wound on the hollow shaft and then wound on the output end of the motor, and the rotating direction of the rigid rope on the hollow shaft is opposite to that of the rigid rope on the output end of the motor; the motor drives the crushing shaft to rotate reversely when rotating; the crushing shaft is uniformly provided with crushing rods, and the crushing rods are provided with felts which are used for adsorbing dust on the surface of the nonferrous metal; through holes are uniformly formed in the first filter plate and the second filter plate, an electric valve is arranged in the through hole of the second filter plate, double-head cylinders are uniformly arranged between the first filter plate and the second filter plate, and grinding teeth are arranged between adjacent double-head cylinders; when the electromagnetic disc impacts the crushing disc, the grinding teeth grind nonferrous metal between the first filter plate and the second filter plate when the first filter plate moves downwards, a guide plate is arranged below the second filter plate, the guide plate is symmetrically arranged by taking the output end of the motor as a reference, a guide cylinder is arranged below the guide plate, an electric valve is arranged in the guide cylinder, a smelting chamber is arranged below the guide cylinder, and the nonferrous metal enters the smelting chamber through the guide plate and the guide cylinder to be smelted; the gas discharged when the output end of the double-head cylinder is compressed enters the smelting chamber; one side of the smelting chamber is provided with a first air pipe, one end of the first air pipe is communicated with the smelting chamber, and the other end of the first air pipe is communicated with a closed space formed by a second filter plate and a working box; waste gas with heat generated in the smelting chamber enters a closed space formed by the second filter plate and the working box to preheat non-ferrous metals to be smelted; the motor drives the electromagnetic disc to rotate, the electromagnetic disc drives the crushing teeth on the electromagnetic disc to rotate to crush nonferrous metals while rotating, the electromagnetic disc rotates for a circle, the first electric contact and the second electric contact are contacted once, so that the electromagnetic disc is electrified to impact the crushing disc once, the nonferrous metals between the electromagnetic disc and the crushing disc can be crushed once the electromagnetic disc and the crushing disc are impacted once, the efficiency of crushing the nonferrous metals is improved, meanwhile, the motor drives the crushing bar to rotate reversely when rotating, and the crushing bar can further improve the crushing efficiency of the nonferrous metals on the one hand when rotating reversely; on the other hand, the felt on the crushing rod can adsorb dust on the surface of non-ferrous metal, so that the effect of non-ferrous metal smelting is improved.
Starting a motor, opening an electric valve of a feed inlet, putting non-ferrous metal to be smelted into the feed inlet from a scrap port, closing the electric valve of the feed inlet, driving an electromagnetic disc to rotate when the motor is started, driving crushing teeth on the electromagnetic disc to crush the non-ferrous metal when the electromagnetic disc rotates, driving a crushing shaft to rotate in reverse when a first electric contact is in contact with a second electric contact when the electromagnetic disc rotates, electrifying the electromagnetic disc to enable the electromagnetic disc to impact the crushing disc, crushing the non-ferrous metal between the electromagnetic disc and the crushing disc, improving the crushing effect of the non-ferrous metal, driving the crushing shaft to rotate in reverse when the motor rotates, crushing a crushing rod to crush the non-ferrous metal between the crushing disc and the crushing shaft when the crushing shaft rotates in reverse, crushing the non-ferrous metal at the side wall of a work box when the crushing rod rotates, and adsorbing dust on the surface of the, along with the continuous rotation of the electromagnetic disc, the crushing disc and the crushing shaft, the crushed nonferrous metal falls from the through hole on the first filter plate, when the electromagnetic disc impacts the crushing disc, the impact force of the electromagnetic disc on the crushing disc pushes the first filter plate to move downwards, and the grinding teeth on the first filter plate are driven to be matched with the grinding teeth on the second filter plate in the process that the first filter plate moves downwards to grind the nonferrous metal between the first filter plate and the second filter plate, so that the crushing effect of the nonferrous metal is further improved; after the motor rotates for a period of time, the electric valve on the second filter plate is opened, the crushed non-ferrous metal enters the smelting chamber through the guide plate and the guide cylinder to start smelting, and gas generated when the double-head cylinder moves downwards on the first filter plate enters the smelting chamber, so that the smelting of the non-ferrous metal in the smelting chamber can be accelerated; at the moment, an electric valve on the second filter plate is closed, an electric valve at the feeding hole is opened, the non-ferrous metal to be smelted is placed again, and the steps are repeated to crush the non-ferrous metal; at this time, waste gas with heat generated during smelting of the nonferrous metal in the smelting chamber preheats the nonferrous metal which is just crushed through the first air pipe.
Preferably, the outer side of the smelting chamber is coated with a layer of heat preservation cavity, one side of the smelting chamber, which is far away from the first air pipe, is provided with an air outlet, the air outlet is communicated with the heat preservation cavity, and waste gas with heat generated by smelting in the smelting chamber enters the heat preservation cavity from the air outlet to preserve heat of the smelting chamber; a through hole is formed in the part, located in the heat insulation cavity, of the first air pipe, and waste gas in the heat insulation cavity is discharged from the first air pipe; according to the invention, the heat preservation cavity is coated outside the smelting chamber and is communicated with the smelting chamber through the air outlet, so that waste gas with heat generated by non-ferrous metal smelting can enter the heat preservation cavity to preserve heat of the smelting chamber, thus not only improving the working efficiency of the smelting chamber, but also improving the utilization rate of resources.
Preferably, iron sand is uniformly scattered in the heat-insulating cavity and used for absorbing heat in the waste gas; the iron sand can absorb most of heat in the waste gas containing heat, thereby further improving the heat preservation effect of the heat preservation cavity.
When the non-ferrous metal after smashing is smelted in the smelting room, the partial thermal waste gas that has of production gets into the heat preservation intracavity from the opening of smelting room one side, and the waste gas that has the heat keeps warm to the smelting room when passing through from the heat preservation intracavity, and the iron sand in the while heat preservation intracavity absorbs the heat and can increase the heat preservation effect in heat preservation chamber.
Preferably, one end of the guide plate is hinged with the side wall of the working box, the lower part of one end, far away from the side wall of the working box, of the guide plate is connected with the heat preservation cavity through a spring, and the guide plate is shaken by gravity generated when nonferrous metals pass on the guide plate; according to the invention, the spring is arranged below the guide plate, so that the guide plate shakes due to gravity when the crushed nonferrous metal passes through the guide plate, and the falling speed of the nonferrous metal can be accelerated.
Preferably, the outer side of the working box is provided with a gas purification unit, the gas purification unit is used for treating waste gas generated by non-ferrous metal smelting, and the gas purification unit comprises a gas purification box, a second gas pipe and a slaked lime placing box; the air purification box is fixedly connected with the working box, the bottom of the air purification box is communicated with the working box through an air outlet, a fixed plate and a piston plate are arranged in the air purification box, the piston plate is positioned above the fixed plate, an opening is formed in the fixed plate, a pressure valve is arranged at the opening, and the piston plate is connected with the top of the air purification box through a spring; one end of the second air pipe is communicated with the air purifying box, and the other end of the second air pipe is communicated with the slaked lime placing box; waste gas between the working box and the second filter plate is discharged through a second gas pipe and then enters a slaked lime placing box for purification; according to the invention, the gas purification unit is arranged, so that on one hand, the waste gas generated by smelting the non-ferrous metal is absorbed by the hydrated lime in the hydrated lime placing box, and the harmful gas can be prevented from polluting the environment; on the other hand, the power generated by the exhaust gas in the moving process can be utilized.
Preferably, a third air pipe is arranged on one side of the air purification box, which is far away from the second air pipe, the third air pipe is connected with the hollow shaft through a rotating ring, and a through hole is formed in the rotating ring; the gas in the third gas pipe enters a hollow cavity in the crushing shaft through the rotating ring and the hollow shaft; the crushing rod penetrates through the crushing shaft and is connected with the hollow cavity of the crushing shaft through a spring, and the part of the crushing rod, which is in contact with the crushing shaft, is in threaded transmission; when the hollow cavity of the crushing shaft is filled with gas, the crushing rod is pushed to move outwards, and the crushing rod rotates while moving outwards; according to the invention, the piston plate is pushed to move by the power generated when the waste gas instantly enters the gas purifying box, the compressed gas enters the hollow cavity of the crushing shaft when the piston plate moves to drive the crushing rod to move back and forth, and the crushing rod is in threaded transmission with the crushing shaft, so that the crushing rod starts to rotate when moving, the non-ferrous metal between adjacent crushing rods can be ground, and the crushing effect of the non-ferrous metal is further improved.
When waste gas generated by non-ferrous metal smelting in the smelting chamber continuously enters a space between the second filter plate and the working box, when the content of the waste gas in the space between the second filter plate and the working box reaches a peak value, the pressure valve on the fixed plate is opened, the waste gas instantaneously impacts the piston plate to enable gas between the piston plate and the gas purifying box to enter a hollow cavity of the crushing shaft through the third gas pipe, the gas enters the hollow cavity to drive the crushing rods to move back and forth, and the crushing rods rotate while moving back and forth due to the thread transmission between the crushing rods and the crushing shaft to grind non-ferrous metal between adjacent crushing rods; and the waste gas entering the gas purification box finally enters the slaked lime placing box through the second gas pipe to be absorbed, so that the waste gas is prevented from being discharged to pollute the environment.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the non-ferrous metal smelting device provided by the invention has high smelting efficiency, the non-ferrous metal can be crushed before non-ferrous metal smelting by designing the crushing unit, and dust on the surface of the non-ferrous metal can be adsorbed by the felt on the crushing rod when the non-ferrous metal is crushed, so that the smelting effect of the non-ferrous metal is improved.
2. The non-ferrous metal smelting device disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the actions are coherent, the resource utilization rate is high, the power generated by impacting the crushing disc through the electromagnetic disc can drive the grinding teeth to grind non-ferrous metals, and the crushing effect of the non-ferrous metals is further improved; the waste gas with heat generated in the process of smelting non-ferrous metals can be used for preserving heat of the smelting chamber, so that the working efficiency of the smelting chamber is improved.
3. The non-ferrous metal smelting device has small pollution, and can absorb and treat waste gas generated by smelting non-ferrous metals by designing the gas purification unit, so that the waste gas is prevented from being directly discharged into the atmosphere to pollute the environment.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view from A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at B;
in the figure: work box 1, motor 2, crushing unit 3, electromagnetic disc 31, crushing dish 32, crushing axle 33, hollow shaft 331, filter 34, double-end cylinder 341, grinding tooth 342, No. two filter 35, crushing tooth 36, No. one electric contact 37, No. two electric contact 38, crushing stick 39, rigidity rope 4, guide plate 5, draft tube 51, smelt room 6, No. one trachea 61, heat preservation chamber 62, gas purification unit 7, gas purification case 71, No. two trachea 72, slaked lime placement box 73, fixed plate 74, piston plate 75, No. three trachea 8.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the non-ferrous metal smelting device of the present invention comprises a working box 1, a feeding port, a discharging port, a motor 2 and a controller; the controller is used for controlling the non-ferrous metal smelting device to work; the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are both provided with electric valves; the motor 2 is positioned at the top of the working box 1, and the output end of the motor penetrates through the top of the working box 1 and extends into the working box 1; the working box 1 is internally provided with a crushing unit 3, the crushing unit 3 is used for crushing nonferrous metals, and the crushing unit 3 comprises an electromagnetic disc 31, a crushing disc 32 and a crushing shaft 33; the electromagnetic disc 31 is connected with the output end of the motor 2 through a spring, a first filter plate 34 is arranged below the crushing disc 32, a second filter plate 35 is arranged below the first filter plate 34, the first filter plate 34 is connected with the inner wall of the working box 1 in a sliding mode, and the second filter plate 35 is fixedly connected with the working box 1; the crushing disc 32 is connected with the first filter plate 34 through a fixing rod, the section structure of the crushing disc 32 is in a concave shape, the electromagnetic disc 31 is positioned in the crushing disc 32, a gap is reserved between the electromagnetic disc 31 and the crushing disc 32, crushing teeth 36 are arranged on the outer surface of the electromagnetic disc 31 and the inner surface of the crushing disc 32, and the motor 2 drives the crushing teeth 36 on the crushing disc 32 to crush nonferrous metals when rotating; a first electric contact 37 is arranged above the electromagnetic disc 31, a second electric contact 38 is arranged inside the bottom of the working box 1, the electromagnetic disc 31 rotates to drive the first electric contact 37 to rotate, the first electric contact 37 rotates for a circle to be contacted with the second electric contact 38 once, and the electromagnetic disc 31 is electrified once, namely, the electromagnetic disc 32 is impacted once; the crushing shaft 33 is arranged outside the crushing disc 32, the crushing shaft 33 is symmetrically arranged by taking the output end of the motor 2 as a reference, a hollow cavity is formed in the crushing shaft 33, the crushing shaft 33 is rotatably connected with the working box 1 through a hollow shaft 331, a rigid rope 4 is wound on the part of the hollow shaft 331, which is positioned outside the working box 1, the rigid rope 4 is wound on the hollow shaft 331 and the output end of the motor 2, and the rotating direction of the rigid rope 4 on the hollow shaft 331 is opposite to that of the rigid rope 4 on the output end of the motor 2; the motor 2 drives the crushing shaft 33 to rotate reversely when rotating; the crushing shaft 33 is uniformly provided with crushing rods 39, and the crushing rods 39 are provided with felts which are used for adsorbing dust on the surface of the nonferrous metal; through holes are uniformly formed in the first filter plate 34 and the second filter plate 35, an electric valve is arranged in the through hole of the second filter plate 35, double-head cylinders 341 are uniformly arranged between the first filter plate 34 and the second filter plate 35, and grinding teeth 342 are arranged between adjacent double-head cylinders 341; when the electromagnetic disc 31 impacts the crushing disc 32, when the first filter plate 34 moves downwards, the grinding teeth 342 grind the nonferrous metal between the first filter plate 34 and the second filter plate 35, a guide plate 5 is arranged below the second filter plate 35, the guide plate 5 is symmetrically arranged by taking the output end of the motor 2 as a reference, a guide cylinder 51 is arranged below the guide plate 5, an electric valve is arranged in the guide cylinder 51, a smelting chamber 6 is arranged below the guide cylinder 51, and the nonferrous metal enters the smelting chamber 6 through the guide plate 5 and the guide cylinder 51 for smelting; the gas discharged when the output end of the double-head cylinder 341 is compressed enters the smelting chamber 6; one side of the smelting chamber 6 is provided with a first air pipe 61, one end of the first air pipe 61 is communicated with the smelting chamber 6, and the other end of the first air pipe 61 and a closed space formed by the second filter plate 35 and the working box 1 are communicated; waste gas with heat generated in the smelting chamber 6 enters a closed space formed by the second filter plate 35 and the working box 1 to preheat non-ferrous metals to be smelted; the motor 2 drives the electromagnetic disc 31 to rotate, the electromagnetic disc 31 drives the crushing teeth 36 on the electromagnetic disc 31 to rotate to crush nonferrous metals while rotating, the electromagnetic disc 31 rotates for a circle, the first electric contact 37 and the second electric contact 38 contact once, so that the electromagnetic disc 31 is electrified to impact the crushing disc 32 once, the nonferrous metals between the electromagnetic disc 31 and the crushing disc 32 can be crushed by impacting the electromagnetic disc 31 and the crushing disc 32 once, the efficiency of crushing the nonferrous metals is improved, meanwhile, the motor 2 drives the crushing and crushing rod 39 to rotate reversely when rotating, and the crushing rod 39 can further improve the crushing efficiency of the nonferrous metals when rotating reversely; on the other hand, the felt on the crushing rod 39 can adsorb dust on the surface of non-ferrous metal, so that the effect of non-ferrous metal smelting is improved.
Starting the motor 2, opening the electric valve at the feed inlet, putting the non-ferrous metal to be smelted into the feed inlet from the scrap opening, closing the electric valve at the feed inlet, driving the electromagnetic disc 31 to rotate when the motor 2 is started, driving the crushing teeth 36 on the electromagnetic disc 31 to crush the non-ferrous metal when the electromagnetic disc 31 rotates, driving the crushing shaft 33 to reversely rotate when the first electric contact 37 contacts with the second electric contact 38 when the electromagnetic disc 31 is electrified to make the first electromagnetic disc 31 impact the crushing disc 32 when the electromagnetic disc 31 rotates, crushing the non-ferrous metal between the electromagnetic disc 31 and the crushing disc 32, improving the crushing effect of the non-ferrous metal, driving the crushing shaft 33 to reversely rotate when the motor 2 rotates, crushing the non-ferrous metal between the crushing disc 32 and the crushing shaft 33 when the crushing shaft 33 reversely rotates, crushing the non-ferrous metal at the side wall of the work box 1 when the crushing rod 39 rotates, the felt on the grinding rod 39 adsorbs dust on the surface of the nonferrous metal, the grinded nonferrous metal falls from the through hole on the first filter plate 34 along with the continuous rotation of the electromagnetic disc 31, the grinding disc 32 and the grinding shaft 33, when the electromagnetic disc 31 impacts the grinding disc 32, the impact force of the electromagnetic disc 31 on the grinding disc 32 pushes the first filter plate 34 to move downwards, the grinding teeth 342 on the first filter plate 34 and the grinding teeth 342 on the second filter plate 35 are matched to grind the nonferrous metal between the first filter plate 34 and the second filter plate 35 in the downward movement process of the first filter plate 34, and the grinding effect of the nonferrous metal is further improved; after the motor 2 rotates for a period of time, the electric valve on the second filter plate 35 is opened, the crushed non-ferrous metal enters the smelting chamber 6 through the guide plate 5 and the guide cylinder 51 to start smelting, and the gas generated when the double-head cylinder 341 moves downwards on the first filter plate 34 enters the smelting chamber 6, so that the smelting of the non-ferrous metal in the smelting chamber 6 can be accelerated; at the moment, the electric valve on the second filter plate 35 is closed, the electric valve at the feeding hole is opened, the non-ferrous metal to be smelted is put into the electric valve again, and the steps are repeated to crush the non-ferrous metal; at this time, the waste gas with heat generated during the smelting of the nonferrous metals in the smelting chamber 6 preheats the nonferrous metals that have just started to be crushed through the first gas pipe 61.
As a specific embodiment of the invention, the outer side of the smelting chamber 6 is coated with a layer of heat preservation cavity 62, one side of the smelting chamber 6, which is far away from the first air pipe 61, is provided with an air outlet, the air outlet is communicated with the heat preservation cavity 62, and waste gas with heat generated by smelting in the smelting chamber 6 enters the heat preservation cavity 62 from the air outlet to preserve heat of the smelting chamber 6; a through hole is formed in the part, located in the heat preservation cavity 62, of the first air pipe 61, and waste gas in the heat preservation cavity 62 is discharged from the first air pipe 61; according to the invention, the heat preservation cavity 62 is coated on the outer side of the smelting chamber 6, and the heat preservation cavity 62 is communicated with the smelting chamber 6 through the air outlet, so that waste gas with heat generated by non-ferrous metal smelting can enter the heat preservation cavity 62 to preserve heat of the smelting chamber 6, thus not only improving the working efficiency of the smelting chamber 6, but also improving the utilization rate of resources.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, iron sand is uniformly scattered in the heat preservation cavity 62, and the iron sand is used for absorbing heat in the exhaust gas; the iron sand can absorb most of heat in the waste gas containing heat, thereby further improving the heat preservation effect of the heat preservation cavity 62.
When the pulverized non-ferrous metal is smelted in the smelting chamber 6, the generated partial waste gas with heat enters the heat preservation cavity 62 from the opening at one side of the smelting chamber 6, the waste gas with heat keeps warm for the smelting chamber 6 when passing through the heat preservation cavity 62, and meanwhile, the iron sand in the heat preservation cavity 62 absorbs heat to increase the heat preservation effect of the heat preservation cavity 62.
As a specific embodiment of the invention, one end of the guide plate 5 is hinged with the side wall of the working box 1, the lower part of one end of the guide plate 5 far away from the side wall of the working box 1 is connected with the heat preservation cavity 62 through a spring, and the guide plate 5 is shaken by the gravity generated when nonferrous metals pass on the guide plate 5; according to the invention, the spring is arranged below the guide plate 5, so that the guide plate 5 shakes due to gravity when the crushed nonferrous metal passes through the guide plate 5, and the falling speed of the nonferrous metal can be increased.
As a specific embodiment of the invention, the outer side of the working box 1 is provided with a gas purifying unit 7, the gas purifying unit 7 is used for treating waste gas generated by non-ferrous metal smelting, and the gas purifying unit 7 comprises a gas purifying box 71, a second gas pipe 72 and a slaked lime placing box 73; the air purification box 71 is fixedly connected with the working box 1, the bottom of the air purification box 71 is communicated with the working box 1 through an air outlet, a fixed plate 74 and a piston plate 75 are arranged in the air purification box 71, the piston plate 75 is positioned above the fixed plate 74, an opening is formed in the fixed plate 74, a pressure valve is arranged at the opening, and the piston plate 75 is connected with the top of the air purification box 71 through a spring; one end of the second air pipe 72 is communicated with the purified air tank 71, and the other end is communicated with the slaked lime containing tank 73; the waste gas between the working box 1 and the second filter plate 35 is discharged through a second air pipe 72 and then enters a slaked lime placing box 73 for purification; according to the invention, by arranging the gas purifying unit 7, on one hand, waste gas generated by non-ferrous metal smelting is absorbed by the hydrated lime in the hydrated lime placing box 73, so that harmful gas can be prevented from polluting the environment; on the other hand, the power generated by the exhaust gas in the moving process can be utilized.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, a third air pipe 8 is disposed on one side of the air purification box 71 away from the second air pipe 72, the third air pipe 8 is connected to the hollow shaft 331 through a swivel, and a through hole is disposed in the swivel; the gas in the third gas pipe 8 enters the hollow cavity in the crushing shaft 33 through the rotating ring and the hollow shaft 331; the crushing rod 39 penetrates through the crushing shaft 33 and is connected with the hollow cavity of the crushing shaft 33 through a spring, and the part of the crushing rod 39, which is in contact with the crushing shaft 33, is in threaded transmission; when the hollow cavity of the crushing shaft 33 is filled with gas, the crushing rod 39 is pushed to move outwards, and the crushing rod 39 rotates while moving outwards; according to the invention, the piston plate 75 is pushed to move by the power generated when the waste gas enters the gas purification box 71 instantly, the compressed gas enters the hollow cavity of the crushing shaft 33 when the piston plate 75 moves to drive the crushing rod 39 to move back and forth, and the crushing rod 39 is in threaded transmission with the crushing shaft 33, so that the crushing rod 39 starts to rotate when moving, the non-ferrous metal between the adjacent crushing rods 39 can be ground, and the crushing effect of the non-ferrous metal is further improved.
When waste gas generated by non-ferrous metal smelting in the smelting chamber 6 continuously enters a space between the second filter plate 35 and the working box 1, when the content of the waste gas in the space between the second filter plate 35 and the working box 1 reaches a peak value, the pressure valve on the fixed plate 74 is opened, the waste gas instantaneously impacts the piston plate 75 to enable gas between the piston plate 75 and the air purifying box 71 to enter a hollow cavity of the crushing shaft 33 through the third air pipe 8, the gas enters the hollow cavity to drive the crushing rods 39 to move back and forth, and the crushing rods 39 rotate while moving back and forth due to thread transmission between the crushing rods 39 and the crushing shaft 33, so that non-ferrous metal between adjacent crushing rods 39 is ground; and the waste gas entering the gas purifying box 71 finally enters the slaked lime placing box 73 through the second gas pipe 72 to be absorbed, so that the waste gas is prevented from being discharged to pollute the environment.
When the electric grinder works, the motor 2 is started, the electric valve at the feeding hole is opened, non-ferrous metal to be smelted is put into the electric valve at the feeding hole from a waste material hole, the electric valve at the feeding hole is closed, the electric magnetic disc 31 is driven to rotate when the motor 2 is started, the electric magnetic disc 31 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the electric magnetic disc 31, the non-ferrous metal is crushed by the crushing teeth 36 on the electric magnetic disc 31, meanwhile, when the electric magnetic disc 31 rotates, the first electric contact 37 is in contact with the second electric contact 38, the first electric magnetic disc 31 is electrified to enable the first electric magnetic disc 31 to impact the crushing disc 32, the non-ferrous metal between the electric magnetic disc 31 and the crushing disc 32 can be crushed, the crushing effect of the non-ferrous metal is improved, the motor 2 drives the crushing shaft 33 to rotate in the reverse direction, the crushing rod 39 can crush the non-ferrous metal between the crushing disc 32 and, the felt on the grinding rod 39 adsorbs dust on the surface of the nonferrous metal, the grinded nonferrous metal falls from the through hole on the first filter plate 34 along with the continuous rotation of the electromagnetic disc 31, the grinding disc 32 and the grinding shaft 33, when the electromagnetic disc 31 impacts the grinding disc 32, the impact force of the electromagnetic disc 31 on the grinding disc 32 pushes the first filter plate 34 to move downwards, the grinding teeth 342 on the first filter plate 34 and the grinding teeth 342 on the second filter plate 35 are matched to grind the nonferrous metal between the first filter plate 34 and the second filter plate 35 in the downward movement process of the first filter plate 34, and the grinding effect of the nonferrous metal is further improved; after the motor 2 rotates for a period of time, the electric valve on the second filter plate 35 is opened, the crushed non-ferrous metal enters the smelting chamber 6 through the guide plate 5 and the guide cylinder 51 to start smelting, and the gas generated when the double-head cylinder 341 moves downwards on the first filter plate 34 enters the smelting chamber 6, so that the smelting of the non-ferrous metal in the smelting chamber 6 can be accelerated; at the moment, the electric valve on the second filter plate 35 is closed, the electric valve at the feeding hole is opened, the non-ferrous metal to be smelted is put into the electric valve again, and the steps are repeated to crush the non-ferrous metal; at this time, waste gas with heat generated during smelting of the nonferrous metal in the smelting chamber 6 preheats the nonferrous metal which is just crushed through the first gas pipe 61; when the crushed nonferrous metal is smelted in the smelting chamber 6, part of the generated waste gas with heat enters the heat preservation cavity 62 from the opening at one side of the smelting chamber 6, the waste gas with heat keeps the temperature of the smelting chamber 6 when passing through the heat preservation cavity 62, and meanwhile, the iron sand in the heat preservation cavity 62 absorbs the heat to increase the heat preservation effect of the heat preservation cavity 62; when waste gas generated by non-ferrous metal smelting in the smelting chamber 6 continuously enters a space between the second filter plate 35 and the working box 1, when the content of the waste gas in the space between the second filter plate 35 and the working box 1 reaches a peak value, the pressure valve on the fixed plate 74 is opened, the waste gas instantaneously impacts the piston plate 75 to enable gas between the piston plate 75 and the air purifying box 71 to enter a hollow cavity of the crushing shaft 33 through the third air pipe 8, the gas enters the hollow cavity to drive the crushing rods 39 to move back and forth, and the crushing rods 39 rotate while moving back and forth due to thread transmission between the crushing rods 39 and the crushing shaft 33, so that non-ferrous metal between adjacent crushing rods 39 is ground; the waste gas entering the gas purifying box 71 finally enters the slaked lime placing box 73 through the second gas pipe 72 to be absorbed, so that the waste gas is prevented from being discharged to pollute the environment; the non-ferrous metal is discharged through a discharge hole after being smelted in the smelting chamber.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (1)
1. A non-ferrous metal smelting device is characterized in that: comprises a work box (1), a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, a motor (2) and a controller; the controller is used for controlling the non-ferrous metal smelting device to work; the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are both provided with electric valves; the motor (2) is positioned at the top of the working box (1), and the output end of the motor penetrates through the top of the working box (1) and extends into the working box (1); the working box (1) is internally provided with a crushing unit (3), the crushing unit (3) is used for crushing nonferrous metals, and the crushing unit (3) comprises an electromagnetic disc (31), a crushing disc (32) and a crushing shaft (33); the electromagnetic disc (31) is connected with the output end of the motor (2) through a spring, a first filter plate (34) is arranged below the crushing disc (32), a second filter plate (35) is arranged below the first filter plate (34), the first filter plate (34) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the working box (1), and the second filter plate (35) is fixedly connected with the working box (1); the crushing disc (32) is connected with the first filter plate (34) through a fixing rod, the section structure of the crushing disc (32) is in a concave shape, the electromagnetic disc (31) is positioned in the crushing disc (32), a gap is reserved between the electromagnetic disc and the crushing disc (32), crushing teeth (36) are arranged on the outer surface of the electromagnetic disc (31) and the inner surface of the crushing disc (32), and the motor (2) drives the crushing teeth (36) on the crushing disc (32) to crush nonferrous metals when rotating; a first electric contact (37) is arranged above the electromagnetic disc (31), a second electric contact (38) is arranged inside the bottom of the working box (1), the electromagnetic disc (31) rotates to drive the first electric contact (37) to rotate, the first electric contact (37) rotates for a circle to be contacted with the second electric contact (38) once, and the electromagnetic disc (31) is electrified once to impact the crushing disc (32) once; the crushing shaft (33) is arranged on the outer side of the crushing disc (32), the crushing shaft (33) is symmetrically arranged by taking the output end of the motor (2) as a reference, a hollow cavity is formed in the crushing shaft (33), the crushing shaft (33) is rotatably connected with the working box (1) through a hollow shaft (331), a rigid rope (4) is wound on the part of the hollow shaft (331) located outside the working box (1), the rigid rope (4) is wound with the hollow shaft (331) and then wound with the output end of the motor (2), and the rotating direction of the rigid rope (4) on the hollow shaft (331) is opposite to the rotating direction of the rigid rope (4) on the output end of the motor (2); when the motor (2) rotates, the crushing shaft (33) is driven to rotate reversely; the crushing shaft (33) is uniformly provided with crushing rods (39), and the crushing rods (39) are provided with felts which are used for adsorbing dust on the surfaces of the nonferrous metals; through holes are uniformly formed in the first filter plate (34) and the second filter plate (35), an electric valve is arranged in the through hole of the second filter plate (35), double-head cylinders (341) are uniformly arranged between the first filter plate (34) and the second filter plate (35), and grinding teeth (342) are arranged between adjacent double-head cylinders (341); when the electromagnetic disc (31) impacts the crushing disc (32), the grinding teeth (342) grind the non-ferrous metal between the first filter plate (34) and the second filter plate (35) when the first filter plate (34) moves downwards, a guide plate (5) is arranged below the second filter plate (35), the guide plate (5) is symmetrically arranged by taking the output end of the motor (2) as a reference, a guide cylinder (51) is arranged below the guide plate (5), an electric valve is arranged in the guide cylinder (51), a smelting chamber (6) is arranged below the guide cylinder (51), and the non-ferrous metal enters the smelting chamber (6) through the guide plate (5) and the guide cylinder (51) to be smelted; the gas discharged when the output end of the double-head cylinder (341) is compressed enters the smelting chamber (6); one side of the smelting chamber (6) is provided with a first air pipe (61), one end of the first air pipe (61) is communicated with the smelting chamber (6), and the other end of the first air pipe and a closed space formed by the second filter plate (35) and the working box (1) are communicated; waste gas with heat generated in the smelting chamber (6) enters a closed space formed by the second filter plate (35) and the working box (1) to preheat non-ferrous metals to be smelted;
one end of the guide plate (5) is hinged with the side wall of the working box (1), the lower part of one end, far away from the side wall of the working box (1), of the guide plate (5) is connected with the heat preservation cavity (62) through a spring, and the guide plate (5) is shaken by gravity generated when nonferrous metals pass on the guide plate (5);
a layer of heat preservation cavity (62) is coated on the outer side of the smelting chamber (6), an air outlet is formed in one side, away from the first air pipe (61), of the smelting chamber (6), the air outlet is communicated with the heat preservation cavity (62), and waste gas with heat generated by smelting in the smelting chamber (6) enters the heat preservation cavity (62) from the air outlet to preserve heat of the smelting chamber (6); a through hole is formed in the part, located in the heat preservation cavity (62), of the first air pipe (61), and waste gas in the heat preservation cavity (62) is discharged from the first air pipe (61);
iron sand is uniformly scattered in the heat preservation cavity (62), and the iron sand is used for adsorbing heat in waste gas;
the outer side of the working box (1) is provided with a gas purification unit (7), the gas purification unit (7) is used for treating waste gas generated by non-ferrous metal smelting, and the gas purification unit (7) comprises a gas purification box (71), a second gas pipe (72) and a slaked lime placing box (73); the air purification box (71) is fixedly connected with the working box (1), the bottom of the air purification box (71) is communicated with the working box (1) through an air outlet, a fixed plate (74) and a piston plate (75) are arranged in the air purification box (71), the piston plate (75) is positioned above the fixed plate (74), an opening is formed in the fixed plate (74), a pressure valve is arranged at the opening, and the piston plate (75) is connected with the top of the air purification box (71) through a spring; one end of the second air pipe (72) is communicated with the purified gas box (71), and the other end is communicated with the slaked lime placing box (73); waste gas between the working box (1) and the second filter plate (35) is discharged through a second air pipe (72) and then enters a slaked lime placing box (73) for purification;
a third air pipe (8) is arranged on one side, away from the second air pipe (72), of the air purification box (71), the third air pipe (8) is connected with the hollow shaft (331) through a rotating ring, and a through hole is formed in the rotating ring; the gas in the third air pipe (8) enters a hollow cavity in the crushing shaft (33) through the rotating ring and the hollow shaft (331); the crushing rod (39) penetrates through the crushing shaft (33) and is connected with the hollow cavity of the crushing shaft (33) through a spring, and the part of the crushing rod (39) in contact with the crushing shaft (33) is in threaded transmission; when the hollow cavity of the crushing shaft (33) is filled with gas, the crushing rod (39) is pushed to move outwards, and the crushing rod (39) rotates while moving outwards;
an electric valve of a feed inlet is opened, non-ferrous metal to be smelted is put into the feed inlet from a scrap opening, the electric valve of the feed inlet is closed, a motor (2) drives an electric magnetic disc (31) to rotate when being started, the electric magnetic disc (31) rotates to drive crushing teeth (36) on the electric magnetic disc (31) to crush the non-ferrous metal, meanwhile, when an electric contact (37) is rotated and is contacted with a second electric contact (38), the first electric magnetic disc (31) is electrified to enable the first electric magnetic disc (31) to impact the crushing disc (32), the non-ferrous metal between the electric magnetic disc (31) and the crushing disc (32) can be crushed, the crushing effect of the non-ferrous metal is improved, the motor (2) drives the crushing shaft (33) to rotate in the reverse direction, and when the crushing shaft (33) rotates in the reverse direction, the crushing rod (39) can crush the non-ferrous metal between the crushing disc (32) and the crushing shaft (, the nonferrous metals positioned on the side wall of the working box (1) can be crushed while the crushing rod (39) rotates, the felt on the crushing rod (39) adsorbs the dust on the surface of the nonferrous metals, the crushed nonferrous metals fall from the through holes on the first filter plate (34) along with the continuous rotation of the electromagnetic disc (31), the crushing disc (32) and the crushing shaft (33), when the electromagnetic disc (31) impacts the crushing disc (32), the impact force of the electromagnetic disc (31) on the crushing disc (32) pushes the first filter plate (34) to move downwards, and the grinding teeth (342) on the first filter plate (34) are driven to be matched with the grinding teeth (342) on the second filter plate (35) to grind nonferrous metals between the first filter plate (34) and the second filter plate (35) in the process that the first filter plate (34) moves downwards, so that the crushing effect of the nonferrous metals is further improved; after the motor (2) rotates for a period of time, an electric valve on the second filter plate (35) is opened, the crushed non-ferrous metal enters the smelting chamber (6) through the guide plate (5) and the guide cylinder (51) to start smelting, and gas generated when the double-head cylinder (341) moves downwards in the first filter plate (34) enters the smelting chamber (6), so that the smelting of the non-ferrous metal in the smelting chamber (6) can be accelerated; at the moment, an electric valve on the second filter plate (35) is closed, an electric valve at the feeding hole is opened, the non-ferrous metal to be smelted is placed again, and the steps are repeated to crush the non-ferrous metal; at the moment, waste gas with heat generated during smelting of the nonferrous metal in the smelting chamber (6) preheats the nonferrous metal which is just crushed through a first gas pipe (61); when the crushed nonferrous metal is smelted in the smelting chamber (6), part of the generated waste gas with heat enters the heat preservation cavity (62) from the opening at one side of the smelting chamber (6), the waste gas with heat is preserved when passing through the heat preservation cavity (62) to preserve heat of the smelting chamber (6), and meanwhile, the iron sand in the heat preservation cavity (62) absorbs the heat to increase the heat preservation effect of the heat preservation cavity (62); when waste gas generated by non-ferrous metal smelting in the smelting chamber (6) continuously enters a space between the second filter plate (35) and the working box (1), when the content of the waste gas in the space between the second filter plate (35) and the working box (1) reaches a peak value, a pressure valve on the fixing plate (74) is opened, the waste gas instantaneously impacts the piston plate (75) to enable gas between the piston plate (75) and the air purifying box (71) to enter a hollow cavity of the crushing shaft (33) through the third air pipe (8), the gas enters the hollow cavity to drive the crushing rod (39) to move back and forth, and the crushing rod (39) rotates while moving back and forth due to the thread transmission between the crushing rod (39) and the crushing shaft (33) to grind non-ferrous metal between adjacent crushing rods (39); the waste gas entering the gas purifying box (71) finally enters a slaked lime placing box (73) through a second gas pipe (72) to be absorbed, so that the waste gas is prevented from being discharged to pollute the environment; the non-ferrous metal is discharged through a discharge hole after being smelted in the smelting chamber.
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| CN201811626979.8A CN109737741B (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Non-ferrous metal smelting device |
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| CN110671939B (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-28 | 南京溧水高新产业股权投资有限公司 | Automatic manufacturing device for high-alumina bauxite |
| CN111570006A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-25 | 陈红平 | Garbage crusher |
| CN111760661A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-10-13 | 范兰 | Self-cleaning baking soda mill |
| CN113457790B (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2022-03-25 | 深圳市华胜源科技有限公司 | Wear-resistant impact crusher plate hammer mechanism |
| CN114589187B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-03-24 | 江西睿达新能源科技有限公司 | Crushing method of nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary positive electrode material |
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| CN102620554B (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2014-05-21 | 眉山中能铝业有限公司 | Industrial furnace for non-ferrous metal smelting |
| CN107764063A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-03-06 | 无锡三众模具有限公司 | A kind of non-ferrous metal smelting furnace |
| CN207839159U (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-09-11 | 红河州锦冶工贸有限公司 | A kind of nonferrous metallurgy slag charge efficiency crushing process system |
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