CN109736353B - Construction method of composite single-side formwork deep foundation pit basement outer wall - Google Patents
Construction method of composite single-side formwork deep foundation pit basement outer wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN109736353B CN109736353B CN201811619290.2A CN201811619290A CN109736353B CN 109736353 B CN109736353 B CN 109736353B CN 201811619290 A CN201811619290 A CN 201811619290A CN 109736353 B CN109736353 B CN 109736353B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method of a composite single-side lateral formwork deep foundation pit basement exterior wall, which comprises the following steps: step one, adopting a composite waterproof layer of the basement outer wall of the deep foundation pit to perform waterproof treatment on the basement outer wall; secondly, pouring a basement bottom plate and an outer wall guide wall; step three, aiming at different working conditions with limited fertilizer tank space, adopting three different unilateral formwork supporting systems to perform unilateral formwork supporting of the basement exterior wall, wherein the unilateral formwork supporting systems comprise an exterior wall frame body diagonal bracing unilateral formwork supporting system, an exterior wall steel pipe fastener diagonal bracing unilateral formwork supporting system and an exterior wall steel frame diagonal bracing unilateral formwork supporting system; and step four, pouring the basement outer wall. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the protective wall adopts segmented prefabricated hoisting tenon type waterproof splicing to replace the traditional masonry or cast-in-place concrete structure, and has high construction efficiency and good waterproof performance; meanwhile, an adjustable pulling and connecting piece connected with the prefabricated protection wall segment is pre-buried in the foundation pit enclosure structure so as to ensure the verticality of the foundation pit enclosure structure and achieve high construction quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of house building construction, and particularly relates to a construction method of a basement exterior wall of a composite single-side lateral formwork deep foundation pit.
Background
In the conventional basement exterior wall formwork construction, a double-faced formwork supporting process with a counter-pull screw rod is often adopted. However, the availability of construction sites is increasing, resulting in new buildings having skins that are closer to existing buildings and facilities. In construction, construction measures such as vertical retaining wall, reduction of width of fertilizer tank, etc. have to be taken to meet the requirements of underground construction. When the construction working face is narrow, the space requirement of personnel construction cannot be met, normal wall body double-face formwork erection is realized, and formworks on two sides of the wall cannot be realized by adopting a construction process of reinforcing split bolts, so that a unilateral supporting formwork construction process is generated.
In limited fertilizer groove space, influenced by on-the-spot complicated operating mode, basement outer wall construction based on unilateral formwork support mainly has several following problems: (1) because the width of the fertilizer groove is smaller, namely the space between the basement outer wall and the edge of the foundation pit is smaller, the waterproof construction space of the outer wall is limited, the concrete quality of the basement outer wall cannot be guaranteed by adopting an external-prevention external-sticking method, and the traditional brick masonry or cast-in-place concrete process is usually adopted in the existing protection wall, so that the construction efficiency needs to be improved; (2) one side of a single-side formwork of the outer wall is always suspended, and accidents such as formwork running, formwork explosion and even formwork collapse are easily caused if support measures are improper or a formwork system is unstable; (3) the existing unilateral formwork supporting technology is usually assembled on site, the workload of installing and disassembling the formwork is large, and the application range has certain limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a construction method for the composite single-side lateral formwork deep foundation pit basement exterior wall, which has the characteristics of stable formwork supporting system, high efficiency, convenience, high repeatable utilization rate, wide application range and the like.
The construction method of the composite single-side formwork deep foundation pit basement outer wall comprises the following steps:
step one, adopting a composite waterproof layer of the basement outer wall of the deep foundation pit to perform waterproof treatment on the basement outer wall:
the composite waterproof layer of the outer wall of the basement of the deep foundation pit comprises a support structure, a cushion layer, a prefabricated protection wall upper section, a prefabricated protection wall lower section, an adjustable pull-connecting piece, a leveling layer, a coiled material waterproof layer and a protective layer; the tenon of the prefabricated protection wall upper section and the mortise of the prefabricated protection wall lower section are inserted and connected in a tenon type manner to form a complete protection wall, the enclosure structure, the prefabricated protection wall upper section and the prefabricated protection wall lower section are connected through adjustable pull-connecting pieces and the verticality of the protection wall is adjusted, and the leveling layer, the coiled material waterproof layer and the protective layer are sequentially laid on the surface of the cushion layer and the inner surface of the protection wall;
during construction, the bottom surface of a deep foundation pit is cleaned firstly, a cushion layer is poured, the lower section of the prefabricated protection wall is hoisted to be in wet joint with the cushion layer, two ends of a turnbuckle are respectively connected with an enclosure structure and a pre-embedded base in the lower section of the prefabricated protection wall to form an adjustable pull joint piece, and a rotary handle of the adjustable pull joint piece is rotated to be adjusted to the lower section of the prefabricated protection wall to be vertical;
cleaning the mortise of the lower section of the prefabricated protection wall, embedding the water-swellable rubber ring in the mortise, and then hoisting the upper section of the prefabricated protection wall to ensure that the tenon is inserted into the mortise in a matching manner; similarly, two ends of the turnbuckle are respectively connected with the building envelope and the embedded base in the prefabricated protection wall upper section to form an adjustable pull connecting piece, a rotary handle of the adjustable pull connecting piece is rotated to be adjusted to the prefabricated protection wall upper section to be vertical, and finally a complete protection wall is formed;
plastering cement mortar leveling layers on the surfaces of the cushion layer and the inner surface of the protection wall, and paving a coiled material waterproof layer and a protection layer in sequence after the leveling layers are dried to form a composite waterproof layer of the basement outer wall of the deep foundation pit;
step two, pouring a basement bottom plate and an outer wall guide wall:
cleaning a protective layer, binding reinforcing steel bars, sequentially pouring a bottom plate and an outer wall guide wall of the basement, and embedding a water-stopping steel sheet in the outer wall guide wall;
step three, aiming at different working conditions with limited fertilizer tank space, three different unilateral formwork systems are adopted for unilateral formwork support of the basement outer wall, the unilateral formwork systems comprise an outer wall frame body opposite-support unilateral formwork system which is suitable for the condition that the outer wall is high, the distance between the outer walls on two sides is short and the bracing space is insufficient, an outer wall steel pipe fastener diagonal bracing unilateral formwork system which is suitable for the condition that the outer wall is low and meets the diagonal bracing construction space, and an outer wall profile steel support diagonal bracing unilateral formwork system which is suitable for the condition that the outer wall is high and the concrete side pressure is large;
the deep foundation pit basement outer wall frame body opposite-support single-side formwork system comprises a formwork, a vertical back ridge, a transverse back ridge, a single-head water stop bolt, a three-section water stop bolt, opposite supports, vertical rods, a horizontal connecting rod, a scissor support, a reinforced opposite support and a shaped adjustable support; the template comprises an inner template arranged on the inner side of the basement outer wall and an outer template arranged on the outer side of the basement outer wall, the vertical back edge and the transverse back edge are sequentially and uniformly fixed on the outer side of the template, the transverse back edge of the left outer wall of the basement is welded on an outer wall steel bar by adopting a single-head water stop bolt, the transverse back edge of the right outer wall of the basement adopts a three-section water stop bolt oppositely-pulling template, the reinforced oppositely-supported supports are supported by jacking supports, two ends of the reinforced oppositely-supported supports are oppositely supported on the inner templates of the outer walls on two sides, and two ends of the shaped adjustable support frame are respectively supported on the outer template of the right outer wall and the;
when a formwork is erected, firstly, external wall steel bars are bound, a formwork is installed after acceptance, vertical back edges are uniformly distributed along the horizontal direction close to the formwork, and transverse back edges are uniformly lapped on the outer sides of the vertical back edges along the vertical direction; after the single-head water-stopping bolt penetrates through the inner template of the left outer wall, one end of the single-head water-stopping bolt is welded on the outer wall steel bar, and the other end of the single-head water-stopping bolt is fastened on the transverse back ridge; after the three-section type water stop bolt penetrates through the template of the right outer wall, both ends of the three-section type water stop bolt are fastened with the transverse back edge, and the template is pulled oppositely; then, installing opposite supports on the inner formworks of the outer walls at the two sides, sequentially connecting the vertical rods, the horizontal connecting rods and the cross supports, and adding two reinforced opposite supports arranged on the top support on the inner formworks of the outer walls at the two sides locally; finally, a regularized adjustable support frame is arranged between the outer template of the right outer wall and the enclosure structure, a rotary handle of the regularized adjustable support frame is adjusted until the outer template is kept vertical, and the erection of the support unilateral formwork supporting system by the outer wall frame body of the basement of the deep foundation pit is completed;
secondly, the deep foundation pit basement exterior wall steel pipe fastener diagonal bracing single-side formwork system comprises an inner formwork, a vertical back ridge, a transverse back ridge, a single-head water stop bolt, a diagonal bracing, a vertical rod, a cross rod, a horizontal connecting rod, a shear-resistant base and an anti-floating bolt; the inclined strut, the upright stanchion and the cross bar are of steel tube structures, are fastened through fasteners to form a plane unit type steel tube fastener inclined strut, and are longitudinally connected through a horizontal connecting rod to form a stable whole; the upper end of the inclined strut is supported on the transverse back ridge through the U support, and the lower end of the inclined strut is supported on the shear-resistant base embedded on the surface of the bottom plate; the anti-floating bolt is embedded in the outer wall guide wall, penetrates through a preformed hole of the inner template and then tensions the inclined strut through a steel wire rope;
when a formwork is erected, firstly, drilling a hole on the surface of a bottom plate of a basement to install a shear-resistant base, embedding anti-floating bolts in an outer wall guide wall, binding outer wall reinforcing steel bars, installing an inner formwork after acceptance check, and enabling the anti-floating bolts to penetrate through reserved holes of the inner formwork; vertical back ridges are uniformly distributed along the horizontal direction close to the template, and transverse back ridges are uniformly lapped outside the vertical back ridges along the vertical direction; after the single-head water-stopping bolt penetrates through the inner template, one end of the single-head water-stopping bolt is welded on the external wall steel bar, and the other end of the single-head water-stopping bolt is fastened on the transverse back ridge; then, sequentially fastening and assembling the inclined struts, the vertical rods and the cross rods by fasteners to form plane unit type steel pipe fastener inclined struts, uniformly installing a plurality of plane unit type steel pipe fastener inclined struts along the longitudinal direction of the outer wall, enabling the upper ends of the inclined struts to be propped against the transverse back ridges through U supports and the lower ends of the inclined struts to be propped against the shear-resistant base, and then connecting the plurality of plane unit type steel pipe fastener inclined struts through horizontal connecting rods to form a stable whole; finally, one end of the steel wire rope is screwed with the anti-floating bolt through a nut, and the other end of the steel wire rope tightens the inclined strut to complete the erection of the inclined strut single-side formwork supporting system of the steel pipe fastener of the basement outer wall of the deep foundation pit;
thirdly, the deep foundation pit basement exterior wall section steel support inclined strut single-side formwork system comprises an inner formwork, a vertical back ridge, a transverse back ridge, a single-head water stop bolt, a unit prefabricated section steel truss, a horizontal connecting rod and a high-strength integral embedded part; the upper right-angle side of the unit prefabricated section steel truss is fastened with the transverse back edge through a connecting piece, the lower right-angle side of the unit prefabricated section steel truss is connected with a high-strength integral embedded part preset in the bottom plate, and the unit prefabricated section steel truss is longitudinally connected through a horizontal connecting rod to form a stable whole;
when a formwork is erected, a high-strength integral embedded part is preset in a bottom plate of a basement, external wall steel bars are bound, and an inner formwork is installed after acceptance check; vertical back ridges are uniformly distributed along the horizontal direction close to the template, and transverse back ridges are uniformly lapped outside the vertical back ridges along the vertical direction; after the single-head water-stopping bolt penetrates through the inner template, one end of the single-head water-stopping bolt is welded on the external wall steel bar, and the other end of the single-head water-stopping bolt is fastened on the transverse back ridge; then, assembling the unit prefabricated section steel truss, hoisting and positioning to enable the lower right-angle side of the unit prefabricated section steel truss to be connected with a screw rod of the high-strength integral embedded part, rotating the screw support to adjust the unit prefabricated section steel truss to the upper right-angle side of the unit prefabricated section steel truss to be vertical, fastening a nut, and then fastening the upper right-angle side of the unit prefabricated section steel truss with the transverse back edge by adopting a connecting piece; finally, connecting a plurality of unit prefabricated section steel trusses by adopting horizontal connecting rods to form a stable whole, and completing erection of the deep foundation pit basement exterior wall section steel support inclined strut single-side formwork support system;
step four, pouring the basement exterior wall:
and pouring concrete of the outer wall of the basement, simultaneously filling a gap between the enclosure structure and the protection wall with the cast-in-place concrete, synchronously removing and recovering the adjustable pulling and connecting pieces layer by layer, vibrating and maintaining to complete the construction of the outer wall of the basement.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the adjustable pulling and connecting piece comprises turnbuckles, a pre-embedded base, a rotary handle and bolts, wherein the turnbuckles are pre-arranged in the building enclosure, the upper section of the prefabricated protection wall and the lower section of the prefabricated protection wall, reverse threads are symmetrically arranged on the turnbuckles, two ends of the turnbuckles are connected with the pre-embedded base through the bolts, and the rotary handle is rotated to change the length of the adjustable pulling and connecting piece.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the regularized adjustable support frame comprises a turnbuckle, a rotary handle and a support seat, the turnbuckle is symmetrically provided with reverse threads, and the rotary handle is rotated to change the length of the regularized adjustable support frame.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: and in the third step, after the anti-floating bolt penetrates through the preformed hole of the inner template, sequentially sealing and fastening by using a gasket and a nut.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the shear base comprises a limiting bottom plate and a bolt, wherein the limiting bottom plate is in a groove shape and limits the displacement of the lower end of the inclined strut.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the high-strength integral embedded part comprises an integral anchor plate, a screw rod, a base, a wire support and a nut, wherein the integral anchor plate, the screw rod, the base, the wire support and the nut are embedded in the bottom plate, the screw rod and the wire support respectively penetrate through the lower right-angle edge of the prefabricated section steel truss of the supporting unit, and the height of the wire support along the screw rod is adjustable.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the protective wall adopts segmented prefabricated hoisting tenon type waterproof splicing to replace the traditional masonry or cast-in-place concrete structure, and has high construction efficiency and good waterproof performance; meanwhile, an adjustable pulling and connecting piece connected with the prefabricated protection wall segment is pre-buried in the foundation pit enclosure structure so as to ensure the verticality of the foundation pit enclosure structure and achieve high construction quality.
(2) According to the deep foundation pit basement outer wall support body diagonal bracing single-side formwork support system, the shaped adjustable support frame is arranged between the outer wall formwork and the foundation pit support structure, and the formwork is stable by matching with local reinforced diagonal bracing, so that the phenomena of formwork escape and formwork explosion are effectively avoided.
(3) The anti-floating bolt for fixing the inclined strut is pre-embedded in the outer wall guide wall in the inclined strut single-side formwork system of the steel pipe fastener for the outer wall of the basement of the deep foundation pit, the inclined strut of the steel pipe fastener adopts a planar unit type pre-splicing structure, and is connected through the horizontal connecting rod to form a stable whole, so that the anti-overturning performance of the inclined strut is effectively improved.
(4) The bottom plate of the deep foundation pit basement exterior wall steel support inclined strut single-side formwork supporting system is embedded with the high-strength integral embedded part, and the high-strength integral embedded part is fixedly connected with the unit prefabricated section steel truss which is hoisted and spliced on site, so that the formwork supporting efficiency and the stability of the formwork supporting system are greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the composite waterproof layer of the basement exterior wall of the deep foundation pit of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of an adjustable tension joint in the composite waterproof layer of the basement exterior wall of the deep foundation pit of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the deep foundation pit basement outer wall frame body pair-supporting single-side formwork supporting system of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the deep foundation pit basement exterior wall steel pipe fastener diagonal bracing single-side formwork system of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of an anti-floating bolt in the deep foundation pit basement exterior wall steel pipe fastener diagonal bracing single-side formwork system of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a shear base in the deep foundation pit basement exterior wall steel pipe fastener diagonal bracing single-side formwork support system of the invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a planar unit type steel pipe fastener diagonal brace in the deep foundation pit basement exterior wall steel pipe fastener diagonal brace single-side formwork support system of the invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the deep foundation pit basement exterior wall steel bracket diagonal bracing single-side formwork system of the invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic connection diagram of lower right-angle sides of unit prefabricated steel trusses in the deep foundation pit basement exterior wall section steel support inclined strut single-side formwork support system.
FIG. 10 is a schematic connection diagram of the upper right-angle side of the unit prefabricated section steel truss in the deep foundation pit basement exterior wall section steel support inclined strut single-side formwork support system of the invention.
FIG. 11 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the basement exterior wall of the composite single-side formwork support deep foundation pit of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-a building enclosure; 2-cushion layer; 3-prefabricating a protective wall section; 4-prefabricating the lower section of the protection wall; 5-adjustable pulling and connecting pieces; 6-leveling layer; 7-waterproof layer of coiled material; 8-a protective layer; 9-tenon; 10-mortise; 11-a protective wall; 12-turnbuckle; 13-embedding a base; 14-a rotating handle; 15-water swellable rubber ring; 16-a base plate; 17-a guide wall; 18-water stop steel sheet; 19-vertical back arris; 20-transverse back ridges; 21-single-head water stop bolt; 22-three-section water stop bolt; 23-bracing; 24-erecting a rod; 25-horizontal link; 26-a scissor support; 27-reinforced butt support; 28-sizing the adjustable support frame; 29-inner template; 30-an outer template; 31-exterior wall steel bars; 32-jacking; 33-diagonal bracing; 34-a cross-bar; 35-a shear base; 36-anti-floating bolts; 37-fasteners; 38-U torr; 39-preformed hole; 40-a steel wire rope; 41-a nut; 42-unit prefabricated section steel truss; 43-high strength integral embedded part; 44-a connector; 45-screw rod; 46-a silk support; 47-bolt; 48-a support seat; 49-a gasket; 50-a limit bottom plate; 51-integral anchor plate; 52-a base; 53-basement exterior wall.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are set forth merely to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the present disclosure, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for ease of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or components must be constructed and operated in a particular orientation and thus are not to be considered limiting.
It is understood that the terms "a" and "an" should be interpreted as meaning that a number of one element or element is one in one embodiment, while a number of other elements is one in another embodiment, and the terms "a" and "an" should not be interpreted as limiting the number.
The construction method of the composite single-side lateral formwork deep foundation pit basement outer wall comprises the following steps,
1) basement outer wall waterproof treatment
Adopting a composite waterproof layer of the basement outer wall of the deep foundation pit to perform waterproof treatment on the basement outer wall:
as shown in fig. 1-2, during construction, the bottom surface of a deep foundation pit is cleaned firstly, a cushion layer 2 is poured, the lower section 4 of the prefabricated protection wall is hoisted to be in wet joint with the cushion layer 2, two ends of a turnbuckle 12 are connected with an enclosure structure 1 and a pre-embedded base 13 in the lower section 4 of the prefabricated protection wall respectively to form an adjustable pull-connection piece 5, and a rotary handle 14 of the adjustable pull-connection piece 5 is rotated to be adjusted to be vertical to the lower section 4 of the prefabricated protection wall.
Cleaning the mortise 10 of the lower section 4 of the prefabricated protection wall, embedding the water-swellable rubber ring 15 in the mortise 10, and then hoisting the upper section 3 of the prefabricated protection wall to ensure that the tenon 9 is inserted into the mortise 10 in an inosculating manner. Similarly, two ends of the turnbuckle 12 are respectively connected with the building envelope 1 and the embedded base 13 in the prefabricated protection wall section 3 to form an adjustable pull-connection piece 5, the rotary handle 14 of the adjustable pull-connection piece 5 is rotated to adjust the prefabricated protection wall section 3 to be vertical, and finally the complete protection wall 11 is formed.
And (3) plastering a cement mortar leveling layer 6 on the surface of the cushion layer 2 and the inner surface of the protection wall 11, and paving a coiled material waterproof layer 7 and a protection layer 8 in sequence after the leveling layer is dried to form the composite waterproof layer of the basement outer wall of the deep foundation pit.
2) Pouring a basement bottom plate and an outer wall guide wall:
cleaning the protective layer, binding reinforcing steel bars, pouring a basement bottom plate 16 and an outer wall guide wall 17 in sequence, and embedding a water stop steel sheet 18 in the outer wall guide wall 17.
3) Single-side formwork
Aiming at different working conditions with limited fertilizer groove space, three different unilateral formwork supporting systems are adopted to carry out unilateral formwork supporting of the basement exterior wall:
as shown in figure 3, when the outer wall is higher, the distance between the outer walls at two sides is shorter and the space of the inclined strut is insufficient, the single-side formwork supporting system is supported by the outer wall frame body. When a formwork is erected, firstly binding external wall steel bars 31, installing a formwork after acceptance, uniformly arranging vertical back edges 19 close to the formwork along the horizontal direction, and uniformly overlapping transverse back edges 20 on the outer sides of the vertical back edges 19 along the vertical direction; after the single-head water stop bolt 21 penetrates through the inner template 29 of the left outer wall, one end of the single-head water stop bolt is welded on the outer wall steel bar 31, and the other end of the single-head water stop bolt is fastened on the transverse back edge 20; after the three-section type water stop bolt 22 penetrates through the template on the right outer wall, both ends of the three-section type water stop bolt are fastened with the transverse back edge 20, and the template is pulled oppositely; then, the counter stays 23 are arranged to be propped against the inner formworks 29 of the outer walls at the two sides, the vertical rods 24, the horizontal connecting rods 25 and the cross stays 26 are sequentially connected, and meanwhile, two reinforced counter stays 27 arranged on the jacking brackets 32 are additionally arranged on the local parts to be propped against the inner formworks 29 of the outer walls at the two sides; and finally, installing a shaped adjustable support frame 28 between the outer template 30 of the outer wall on the right side and the building envelope 1, and adjusting the rotary handle 14 of the shaped adjustable support frame 28 until the outer template 30 is kept vertical, so as to complete the erection of the support single-side formwork supporting system by the outer wall frame body of the basement of the deep foundation pit.
As shown in figures 4-7, when the outer wall is lower and meets the construction space of the inclined strut, an inclined strut single-side formwork system of the outer wall steel pipe fastener is adopted. When a formwork is erected, firstly, drilling a hole on the surface of a basement bottom plate 16 to install a shear-resistant base 35, embedding anti-floating bolts 36 in a guide wall, binding outer wall reinforcing steel bars 31, installing an inner formwork 29 after acceptance, and enabling the anti-floating bolts 36 to penetrate through reserved holes 39 of the inner formwork 29; vertical back ridges 19 are uniformly distributed along the horizontal direction close to the template, and transverse back ridges 20 are uniformly lapped outside the vertical back ridges 19 along the vertical direction; after the single-head water-stopping bolt 21 penetrates through the inner template 29, one end of the single-head water-stopping bolt is welded on the outer wall steel bar 31, and the other end of the single-head water-stopping bolt is fastened on the transverse back edge 20; then, the inclined struts 33, the upright posts 24 and the cross bars 34 are fastened and assembled in sequence by steel pipe fasteners 37 to form plane unit type steel pipe fastener inclined struts, a plurality of plane unit type steel pipe fastener inclined struts are uniformly and longitudinally arranged along the outer wall, the upper ends of the plane unit type steel pipe fastener inclined struts are supported on the transverse back ridges 20 through U supports 38, the lower ends of the plane unit type steel pipe fastener inclined struts are supported on the shear-resistant base 35, and then the plane unit type steel pipe fastener inclined struts are connected through horizontal connecting rods 25 to form a stable whole; and finally, one end of the steel wire rope 40 is screwed with the anti-floating bolt 36 through a nut 41, and the other end of the steel wire rope tightens the inclined strut 33, so that the erection of the inclined strut single-side formwork supporting system of the steel pipe fastener of the basement exterior wall of the deep foundation pit is completed.
As shown in FIGS. 8-10, when the outer wall is high and the concrete side pressure is high, an outer wall section steel support inclined strut single-side formwork system is adopted. When a formwork is erected, a high-strength integral embedded part 43 is preset in a basement bottom plate 16, an outer wall steel bar 31 is bound, and an inner formwork 29 is installed after acceptance check; vertical back ridges 19 are uniformly distributed along the horizontal direction close to the template, and transverse back ridges 20 are uniformly lapped outside the vertical back ridges 19 along the vertical direction; after the single-head water-stopping bolt 21 penetrates through the inner template 29, one end of the single-head water-stopping bolt is welded on the outer wall steel bar 31, and the other end of the single-head water-stopping bolt is fastened on the transverse back edge 20; then, assembling the unit prefabricated steel truss 42, hoisting and positioning to connect the lower right-angle side of the unit prefabricated steel truss 42 with the screw 45 of the high-strength integral embedded part 43, rotating the wire support 46 to adjust the unit prefabricated steel truss 42 to the upper right-angle side of the unit prefabricated steel truss 42 to keep vertical, fastening the nut 41, and then fastening the upper right-angle side of the unit prefabricated steel truss 42 with the transverse back edge 20 by using the connecting piece 44; and finally, connecting a plurality of unit prefabricated section steel trusses 42 by adopting horizontal connecting rods 25 to form a stable whole, and completing erection of the deep foundation pit basement exterior wall section steel support inclined strut single-side formwork supporting system.
4) Pouring the basement outer wall:
as shown in fig. 11, the concrete for the outer wall of the basement is poured, the gap between the envelope structure 1 and the protection wall 11 is filled with the cast-in-place concrete, the adjustable pulling and connecting members 5 are removed and recovered layer by layer synchronously, and the construction of the outer wall 53 of the basement is completed by vibrating and curing.
The composite type unilateral formwork supporting deep foundation pit basement outer wall completes the waterproof treatment of basement outer wall engineering through the above mentioned composite type waterproof layer of the basement outer wall, and selects the above mentioned outer wall support body to support a unilateral formwork supporting system, an outer wall steel pipe fastener inclined support unilateral formwork supporting system or an outer wall steel support inclined support unilateral formwork supporting system according to local conditions to complete the unilateral formwork supporting of the basement outer wall engineering, so that the finally poured and formed composite type unilateral formwork supporting deep foundation pit basement outer wall has the characteristics of good waterproof effect, stable formwork supporting system, convenience in mounting and dismounting, reusability and the like.
In step 1), the composite waterproof layer of the outer wall of the basement of the deep foundation pit comprises: the prefabricated protective wall comprises a building envelope 1, a cushion layer 2, a prefabricated protective wall upper section 3, a prefabricated protective wall lower section 4, an adjustable pull connecting piece 5, a leveling layer 6, a coiled material waterproof layer 7 and a protective layer 8;
the tenon 9 of the prefabricated protection wall upper section 3 and the mortise 10 of the prefabricated protection wall lower section 4 are inserted and connected in a tenon type manner to form a complete protection wall 11, the enclosure structure 1, the prefabricated protection wall upper section 3 and the prefabricated protection wall lower section 4 are connected through the adjustable pull-connecting piece 5, the verticality of the protection wall 11 is adjusted, and the leveling layer 6, the coiled material waterproof layer 7 and the protective layer 8 are sequentially laid on the surface of the cushion layer 2 and the inner surface of the protection wall 11.
In step 3), the deep foundation pit basement outer wall support body props unilateral formwork system and includes: the water-stopping device comprises a template, a vertical back edge 19, a transverse back edge 20, a single-head water-stopping bolt 21, a three-section water-stopping bolt 22, a counter brace 23, a vertical rod 24, a horizontal connecting rod 25, a scissor brace 26, a reinforced counter brace 27 and a shaped adjustable supporting frame 28;
the template is including setting up at the inboard inner formword 29 of basement outer wall and setting up the exterior sheathing 30 in the outside, vertical back of the body stupefied 19 and horizontal back of the body stupefied 20 equipartition are fixed in the template outside in proper order, and wherein the horizontal back of the body stupefied 20 of basement left side outer wall adopts single-end sealing bolt 21 welding on outer wall reinforcing bar 31, and the horizontal back of the body stupefied 20 of right side outer wall adopts syllogic sealing bolt 22 to draw the template, the strenghthened type is to propping 27 through the top support 32 and supporting, and the strenghthened type props 27 both ends to propping on the interior sheathing 29 of both sides outer wall, regularization adjustable strut 28 both ends support respectively on the exterior sheathing 30 and envelope.
Deep basal pit basement outer wall steel pipe fastener bracing unilateral formwork system includes: the anti-floating structure comprises an inner template 29, a vertical back ridge 19, a transverse back ridge 20, a single-head water stop bolt 21, an inclined strut 33, a vertical rod 24, a cross rod 34, a horizontal connecting rod 25, a shear base 35 and an anti-floating bolt 36;
the inclined strut 33, the vertical rod 24 and the cross rod 34 are of steel tube structures, are fastened through a fastener 37 to form a plane unit type steel tube fastener inclined strut, and are longitudinally connected through a horizontal connecting rod 25 to form a stable whole. The upper end of the inclined strut 33 is supported on the transverse back edge 20 through a U support 38, the lower end of the inclined strut is supported on a shear base 35 embedded in the surface of the bottom plate 16, the anti-floating bolt 36 is embedded in the outer wall guide wall 17, and the inclined strut 33 is tensioned through a steel wire rope 40 after penetrating through a preformed hole 39 of the inner formwork 29.
Deep basal pit basement outer wall shaped steel support bracing unilateral formwork system includes: the water-stop composite wall comprises an inner template 29, a vertical back edge 19, a transverse back edge 20, a single-head water-stop bolt 21, a unit prefabricated section steel truss 42, a horizontal connecting rod 25 and a high-strength integral embedded part 43;
the upper right-angle side of the unit prefabricated steel truss 42 is fastened with the transverse back edge 20 through a connecting piece 44, the lower right-angle side is connected with a high-strength integral embedded part 43 preset in the bottom plate 16, and the upper right-angle side and the lower right-angle side are longitudinally connected through a horizontal connecting rod 25 to form a stable whole.
Claims (5)
1. The construction method of the composite single-side formwork deep foundation pit basement outer wall is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, adopting a composite waterproof layer of the basement outer wall of the deep foundation pit to perform waterproof treatment on the basement outer wall:
the composite waterproof layer of the basement outer wall of the deep foundation pit comprises a building enclosure (1), a cushion layer (2), a prefabricated protection wall upper section (3), a prefabricated protection wall lower section (4), an adjustable pull-connecting piece (5), a leveling layer (6), a coiled material waterproof layer (7) and a protective layer (8); the tenon (9) of the prefabricated protection wall upper section (3) and the mortise (10) of the prefabricated protection wall lower section (4) are inserted and connected in a tenon type manner to form a complete protection wall (11), the enclosure structure (1), the prefabricated protection wall upper section (3) and the prefabricated protection wall lower section (4) are connected through an adjustable pull-connecting piece (5) and the verticality of the protection wall (11) is adjusted, and the leveling layer (6), the coiled material waterproof layer (7) and the protective layer (8) are sequentially laid on the surface of the cushion layer (2) and the inner surface of the protection wall (11);
during construction, the bottom surface of a deep foundation pit is cleaned firstly, a cushion layer (2) is poured, the lower section (4) of the prefabricated protection wall is hoisted to be in wet joint with the cushion layer (2), two ends of a turnbuckle (12) are respectively connected with an enclosure structure (1) and a pre-buried base (13) in the lower section (4) of the prefabricated protection wall to form an adjustable pull-connecting piece (5), and a rotary handle (14) of the adjustable pull-connecting piece (5) is rotated to adjust the lower section (4) of the prefabricated protection wall to be vertical;
cleaning the mortise (10) of the lower section (4) of the prefabricated protection wall, embedding the water-swellable rubber ring (15) in the mortise (10), and then hoisting the upper section (3) of the prefabricated protection wall to ensure that the tenon (9) is inserted into the mortise (10) in a matching manner; similarly, two ends of a turnbuckle (12) are respectively connected with the building enclosure (1) and a pre-embedded base (13) in the prefabricated protection wall upper section (3) to form an adjustable pull connecting piece (5), a rotary handle (14) of the adjustable pull connecting piece (5) is rotated to be adjusted to the prefabricated protection wall upper section (3) to be vertical, and finally a complete protection wall (11) is formed;
plastering a cement mortar leveling layer (6) on the surface of the cushion layer (2) and the inner surface of the protection wall (11), and paving a coiled material waterproof layer (7) and a protection layer (8) in sequence after the cement mortar leveling layer is dried to form a composite waterproof layer of the basement outer wall of the deep foundation pit;
step two, pouring a basement bottom plate and an outer wall guide wall:
cleaning a protective layer, binding reinforcing steel bars, pouring a bottom plate (16) and an outer wall guide wall (17) of the basement in sequence, and embedding a water stop steel sheet (18) in the outer wall guide wall (17);
step three, aiming at different working conditions with limited fertilizer tank space, three different unilateral formwork systems are adopted for unilateral formwork support of the basement outer wall, the unilateral formwork systems comprise an outer wall frame body opposite-support unilateral formwork system which is suitable for the condition that the outer wall is high, the distance between the outer walls on two sides is short and the bracing space is insufficient, an outer wall steel pipe fastener diagonal bracing unilateral formwork system which is suitable for the condition that the outer wall is low and meets the diagonal bracing construction space, and an outer wall profile steel support diagonal bracing unilateral formwork system which is suitable for the condition that the outer wall is high and the concrete side pressure is large;
the deep foundation pit basement outer wall frame body oppositely-supported single-side formwork system comprises a formwork, a vertical back ridge (19), a transverse back ridge (20), a single-head water stop bolt (21), a three-section water stop bolt (22), an oppositely-supported strut (23), an upright rod (24), a horizontal connecting rod (25), a cross-supported strut (26), a reinforced oppositely-supported strut (27) and a shaped adjustable support frame (28); the template comprises an inner template (29) arranged on the inner side of the outer wall of the basement and an outer template (30) arranged on the outer side of the outer wall of the basement, the vertical back edge (19) and the transverse back edge (20) are sequentially and uniformly fixed on the outer side of the template, the transverse back edge (20) of the outer wall on the left side of the basement is welded on an outer wall reinforcing steel bar (31) by adopting a single-head water stop bolt (21), the transverse back edge (20) of the outer wall on the right side of the basement is oppositely pulled by adopting a three-section water stop bolt (22), the reinforced opposite support (27) is supported by a top support (32), two ends of the reinforced opposite support (27) are oppositely supported on the inner templates (29) of the outer walls on two sides, and two ends of the shaped adjustable support frame (28) are respectively supported on the outer template (30) of the outer;
when a formwork is erected, firstly, external wall steel bars (31) are bound, the formwork is installed after acceptance check, vertical back ridges (19) are uniformly distributed along the horizontal direction close to the formwork, and transverse back ridges (20) are uniformly lapped on the outer sides of the vertical back ridges (19) along the vertical direction; after a single-head water stop bolt (21) penetrates through an inner template (29) of the left outer wall, one end of the single-head water stop bolt is welded on an outer wall steel bar (31), and the other end of the single-head water stop bolt is fastened on a transverse back edge (20); after the three-section type water stop bolt (22) penetrates through the template on the right outer wall, both ends of the three-section type water stop bolt are fastened with the transverse back edge (20), and the template is pulled oppositely; then, installing the counter stays (23) to prop against the inner formworks (29) of the outer walls at the two sides, sequentially connecting the vertical rods (24), the horizontal connecting rods (25) and the cross stays (26), and additionally arranging two reinforced counter stays (27) arranged on the jacking supports (32) to prop against the inner formworks (29) of the outer walls at the two sides at local parts; finally, a shaped adjustable support frame (28) is arranged between the outer template (30) of the right outer wall and the building enclosure (1), a rotating handle (14) of the shaped adjustable support frame (28) is adjusted until the outer template (30) is kept vertical, and erection of the deep foundation pit basement outer wall support body on the supporting single-side formwork supporting system is completed;
secondly, the deep foundation pit basement exterior wall steel pipe fastener diagonal bracing single-side formwork system comprises an inner formwork (29), a vertical back ridge (19), a transverse back ridge (20), a single-head water stop bolt (21), a diagonal bracing (33), a vertical rod (24), a cross rod (34), a horizontal connecting rod (25), a shear resistant base (35) and an anti-floating bolt (36); the inclined strut (33), the vertical rod (24) and the cross rod (34) are of steel tube structures, are fastened through a fastener (37) to form a plane unit type steel tube fastener inclined strut, and are longitudinally connected through a horizontal connecting rod (25) to form a stable whole; the upper end of the inclined strut (33) is supported on the transverse back ridge (20) through a U support (38), and the lower end of the inclined strut is supported on a shear-resistant base (35) embedded on the surface of the bottom plate (16); the anti-floating bolt (36) is embedded in the outer wall guide wall (17), and the anti-floating bolt (36) penetrates through a preformed hole (39) of the inner template (29) and then tightens the inclined strut (33) through a steel wire rope (40);
when a formwork is erected, a shear-resistant base (35) is drilled on the surface of a bottom plate (16) of a basement, anti-floating bolts (36) are embedded in an outer wall guide wall (17), outer wall steel bars (31) are bound, an inner formwork (29) is installed after acceptance check, and the anti-floating bolts (36) penetrate through preformed holes (39) of the inner formwork (29); vertical back ridges (19) are uniformly distributed along the horizontal direction close to the template, and transverse back ridges (20) are uniformly lapped outside the vertical back ridges (19) along the vertical direction; after a single-head water stop bolt (21) penetrates through an inner template (29), one end of the single-head water stop bolt is welded on an outer wall steel bar (31), and the other end of the single-head water stop bolt is fastened on a transverse back edge (20); then, a fastener (37) is adopted to sequentially fasten and assemble the inclined strut (33), the upright post (24) and the cross rod (34) to form a plane unit type steel pipe fastener inclined strut, a plurality of plane unit type steel pipe fastener inclined struts are uniformly installed along the longitudinal direction of the outer wall, the upper end of the inclined strut (33) is supported on the transverse back ridge (20) through a U support (38), the lower end of the inclined strut is supported on the shear-resistant base (35), and then the plane unit type steel pipe fastener inclined struts are connected through a horizontal connecting rod (25) to form a stable whole; finally, one end of the steel wire rope (40) is screwed with the anti-floating bolt (36) through a nut (41), and the other end of the steel wire rope tightens the inclined strut (33), so that the erection of the inclined strut single-side formwork supporting system of the steel pipe fastener of the basement exterior wall of the deep foundation pit is completed;
thirdly, the deep foundation pit basement exterior wall section steel support inclined strut single-side formwork system comprises an inner formwork (29), a vertical back ridge (19), a transverse back ridge (20), a single-head water stop bolt (21), a unit prefabricated section steel truss (42), a horizontal connecting rod (25) and a high-strength integral embedded part (43); the high-strength integral embedded part (43) comprises an integral anchor plate (51), a screw rod (45), a base (52), a wire support (46) and a nut (41) which are embedded in the bottom plate (16), the screw rod (45) and the wire support (46) respectively penetrate through and support the lower right-angle edge of the unit prefabricated section steel truss (42), and the height of the wire support (46) along the screw rod (45) is adjustable; the upper right-angle side of the unit prefabricated section steel truss (42) is fastened with the transverse back edge (20) through a connecting piece (44), the lower right-angle side of the unit prefabricated section steel truss (42) is connected with a high-strength integral embedded part (43) which is preset in the bottom plate (16), and the unit prefabricated section steel truss is longitudinally connected through a horizontal connecting rod (25) to form a stable whole;
when a formwork is erected, a high-strength integral embedded part (43) is preset in a bottom plate (16) of a basement, an outer wall steel bar (31) is bound, and an inner formwork (29) is installed after acceptance check; vertical back ridges (19) are uniformly distributed along the horizontal direction close to the template, and transverse back ridges (20) are uniformly lapped outside the vertical back ridges (19) along the vertical direction; after a single-head water stop bolt (21) penetrates through an inner template (29), one end of the single-head water stop bolt is welded on an outer wall steel bar (31), and the other end of the single-head water stop bolt is fastened on a transverse back edge (20); then, assembling the unit prefabricated section steel truss (42), hoisting and positioning to enable the lower right-angle side of the unit prefabricated section steel truss (42) to be connected with a screw rod (45) of a high-strength integral type embedded part (43), rotating a wire support (46) to adjust the unit prefabricated section steel truss (42) to be vertical to the upper right-angle side of the unit prefabricated section steel truss (42), fastening a nut (41), and then fastening the upper right-angle side of the unit prefabricated section steel truss (42) with a transverse back edge (20) by adopting a connecting piece (44); finally, connecting a plurality of unit prefabricated section steel trusses (42) by adopting horizontal connecting rods (25) to form a stable whole body, and completing erection of the deep foundation pit basement exterior wall section steel support inclined strut single-side formwork supporting system;
step four, pouring the basement exterior wall:
and pouring concrete of the outer wall of the basement, simultaneously filling a gap between the building envelope (1) and the protection wall (11) with the cast-in-place concrete, synchronously removing and recovering the adjustable pulling and connecting piece (5) layer by layer, vibrating and maintaining to complete the construction of the outer wall (53) of the basement.
2. The construction method of the composite type unilateral supporting formwork deep foundation pit basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, the adjustable pulling and connecting piece (5) comprises a turnbuckle (12), an embedded base (13), a rotating handle (14) and a bolt (47), wherein the turnbuckle (12), the embedded base (13), the rotating handle (14) and the bolt (47) are preset in the enclosure structure (1), the prefabricated protection wall upper section (3) and the prefabricated protection wall lower section (4), reverse threads are symmetrically arranged on the turnbuckle (12), two ends of the turnbuckle are connected with the embedded base (13) through the bolt (47), and the length of the adjustable pulling and connecting piece (5) is changed by rotating the rotating handle (14).
3. The construction method of the composite type unilateral supporting formwork deep foundation pit basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, the shaped adjustable support frame (28) comprises a turnbuckle (12), a rotating handle (14) and a support seat (48), the turnbuckle (12) is symmetrically provided with reverse threads, and the length of the shaped adjustable support frame (28) is changed by rotating the rotating handle (14).
4. The construction method of the composite type unilateral supporting formwork deep foundation pit basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, after the anti-floating bolt (36) penetrates through the preformed hole (39) of the inner template (29), a gasket (49) and a nut (41) are sequentially used for sealing and fastening.
5. The construction method of the composite type unilateral supporting formwork deep foundation pit basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, the shear base (35) comprises a limiting bottom plate (50) and a bolt (47), wherein the limiting bottom plate (50) is in a groove shape and limits the displacement of the lower end of the inclined strut (33).
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