CN109734505A - Winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer - Google Patents

Winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109734505A
CN109734505A CN201910049638.7A CN201910049638A CN109734505A CN 109734505 A CN109734505 A CN 109734505A CN 201910049638 A CN201910049638 A CN 201910049638A CN 109734505 A CN109734505 A CN 109734505A
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fertilizer
parts
winter wheat
release
nitrogen
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CN201910049638.7A
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陈娟
陈新平
曲明山
吴长春
廖洪
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BEIJING SOIL AND FERTILIZER WORK STATION
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BEIJING SOIL AND FERTILIZER WORK STATION
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizers, it includes nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, sulfur fertilizer and zinc fertilizer, in winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer, the content of various effective chemical elements is respectively as follows: nitrogen with the weight percent of pure nutrition calculation for 26%-30%, phosphorus pentoxide 10.8%-13.2%, potassium oxide 7.4%-9.2%, sulphur 1.9%-3%, zinc is 0.4%-0.6% and ammonium humate is 1%-3%, wherein, nitrogenous fertilizer includes Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer, the content of the nitrogen in Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer for institute's Nitrogen element total amount in nitrogenous fertilizer 45%-55%.Fertilizer nutrient proportion as described above according to the present invention is reasonable, meet demand of the winter wheat time of infertility to nutrient, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, save the investment and cost of labor of top dressing, suitable zinc fertilizer is added simultaneously, wheat seed weight can be improved, is laid the foundation for wheat quality and economic benefit promotion.

Description

Winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of release and release control fertilizers, more particularly, to a kind of suitable for the same dedicated control of winter wheat broadcast of seed manure Release fertilizer.
Background technique
Background of related of the invention is illustrated below, but these explanations might not constitute it is of the invention existing Technology.
In recent years, gradually increasing with population, grain-production will face severe task, it is necessary to continue the people increased Mouth provides greater number and higher-quality agricultural and sideline product and the raw material of industry.Wheat is China the first generalized grain crop, in agricultural Occupy important base position in industry.Chemical fertilizer is the important means that crop yield is promoted, but fertilizer application amount is continuously increased, Economic benefit but constantly declines, and the following resources and environment problems are increasingly severe, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, mitigates or exempts Fertilizer pollution, developing sustainable, high-efficiency agriculture is the problem of whole world is paid close attention to jointly.Controlled-release technology can make fertilizer nutrient release with Crop, which absorbs, reaches the preferable equilibrium of supply and demand, according to the demand of crop different bearing stage come the release of nutrient in conditioned fertilizer product and Supply makes the release of nutrient and supply and the psychological need of crop be synchronised, the change of crop growth period Different Nutrition stage fertilizer Change the balance with crop demand.In recent years, gradually decreasing with rural laborer, farming administrative staff's aging is serious, Peasant's fertilization mode mainly uses base fertilizer to add the fertilizing method of top dressing, and this method can satisfy the demand of wheat growth, still It since top dressing need to put into more man power and materials, is brought a lot of trouble to peasant household, therefore Controlled Release Fertilizer single fertilization can be very Good solves the problems, such as this, and Controlled Release Fertilizer can promote absorption of the crop to nutrient, and a certain amount of humic is added in Controlled Release Fertilizer Sour ammonium promotes improvement of soil fertility, improves soil physical and chemical property, improves soil nutrient availability, reduces fertilizer loss and reduces environment Pollution.
The progress of domestic release and release control fertilizer industry, China has been developed that a variety of release and release control fertilizers at present, and cost is relatively It is low, generally 1.2~1.3 times of common fertilizer.Portioned product is mainly used for the crops such as rice, cotton, fruit tree at present, is testing In achieve preferable effect.There is experimental study in China on the crops such as rice, beet, cotton, as forefathers once use long-term efficiency bicarbonate ammonium Overfertilization effect test is carried out on the crops such as rice, wheat, cotton, sugarcane, tealeaves, rubber and kelp, the results showed that, in sand soil On earth and growth period longer crop, the fertilizer efficiency of long-term efficiency bicarbonate ammonium is higher than normal ammonium bicarbonate, and can reduce fertilizer application frequency, effect of increasing production Obviously.With the reduction of release and release control fertilizer production cost and the increase of yield, release and release control fertilizer answering in all kinds of crop productions extensively With the inevitable direction for being chemical fertilizer development.
Controlled Release Fertilizer can slow down or control the release of nutrient, and fertilizer efficiency period is long and stablizes, and be able to satisfy wheat in entire breeding time pair The demand of nutrient;Reduce the loss such as elution of fertilizer;Dose and number are reduced, labour is saved, that improves fertilizer utilizes effect Rate improves the yield and quality, and saves agriculture production cost.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of suitable for the special of wheat growth With Controlled Release Fertilizer, the nutrient requirement characteristics of wheat growth stage are fully taken into account, N P and K is cooperated in proper proportions, and is added Suitable zinc fertilizer.The needs that not only can satisfy wheat the previous growth discharge in the jointing stage, can promote the growth of plant And the absorption of nutrient, the fertilizer loss of multiple top dressing is reduced, utilization rate of fertilizer is improved, wheat grain yield can also be improved.
According to an embodiment of the invention, providing a kind of winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer, which includes nitrogen Fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, sulfur fertilizer and zinc fertilizer, in winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer, the content of various effective chemical elements is in terms of pure nutrient The weight percent of calculation be respectively as follows: nitrogen be 26%-30%, phosphorus pentoxide 10.8%-13.2%, potassium oxide 7.4%- 9.2%, sulphur 1.9%-3%, zinc are 0.4%-0.6% and ammonium humate is 1%-3%, wherein nitrogenous fertilizer includes Controlled-release nitrogen Fertilizer, the content of the nitrogen in Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer for institute's Nitrogen element total amount in nitrogenous fertilizer 45%-55%.
Formula fertilizer nutrient formula as described above according to the present invention is reasonable, meets the winter wheat time of infertility to nutrient Demand.Utilization rate of fertilizer is high, can remarkably promote the growth of Wheat Seedling, after zinc fertilizer, can promote normal plants and do Substance accumulation, lays the foundation to improve the yield and quality later.Chemical fertilizer can be reduced by applying the fertilizer being formulated as described above Unreasonable application, it is therefore prevented that the waste of fertilizer, while the investment of top dressing bring human and material resources and fund can also be avoided, Reduce production cost.
The preferred embodiment of winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention, it is various in winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer The content of effective chemical element with the weight percent of pure nutrition calculation be respectively as follows: nitrogen be 28%, phosphorus pentoxide 12%, oxygen Change potassium is 8%, sulphur 2.4%, zinc are 0.5% and ammonium humate is 2%.
Nitrogen member in the further preferred embodiment of winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention, in Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer The content of element is 50% of institute's Nitrogen element total amount in nitrogenous fertilizer.
Another preferred embodiment of winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention, Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer are coated with resin urine Element.
In an also preferred embodiment for winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention, the acquisition time of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer It is 60 days.
Another preferred embodiment of winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention, in winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer In, the parts by weight of various effective chemical elements be respectively as follows: 280 parts~320 parts common urea, 200 parts~250 parts Controlled-release nitrogens Fertilizer, 130 parts~160 parts of potassium chloride, 180 parts~220 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 80 parts~120 parts of ammonium sulfate, 22 parts~28 parts White vitriol and 5 parts~15 parts of ammonium humate soil conditioner.
It is dedicated release-controlled in winter wheat in another preferred embodiment of winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention In fertilizer, the parts by weight of various effective chemical elements are respectively as follows: 300 parts of common urea, 220 parts of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizers, 140 parts of chlorinations Potassium, 200 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100 parts of ammonium sulfate, 25 parts of white vitriols and 10 parts of ammonium humate soil conditioners.
Another preferred embodiment of winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention, phosphate fertilizer are selected from monoammonium phosphate, phosphorus At least one of sour diammonium, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate.
In another preferred embodiment of winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention, potash fertilizer is potassium chloride.
Compared with prior art, nutrient formula of the invention is more reasonable, complies fully with During Growing Period of Winter Wheat growth to feeding The demand divided.Utilization rate of fertilizer is high, can remarkably promote the growth of wheat, joined suitable zinc fertilizer in fertilizer, promotes seed The accumulation of middle zinc lays the foundation to improve yield and quality of wheat.Top dressing bring human and material resources and fund can be reduced simultaneously Investment, improve economic well-being of workers and staff.
Specific embodiment
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.Description to illustrative embodiments is only It for illustration purposes, is definitely not to the present invention and its application or the limitation of usage.
The present invention proposes a kind of improved winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer, the winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer include nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, Potash fertilizer, sulfur fertilizer and zinc fertilizer, the winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer can also include that soil conditioner can also be wrapped further certainly Include calcareous fertilisers.In winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention, the parts by weight of various effective chemical elements are respectively as follows: 280 Part~320 parts of common urea, 200 parts~250 parts Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizers, 130 parts~160 parts of potassium chloride, 180 parts~220 parts Monoammonium phosphate, 80 parts~120 parts of ammonium sulfate, 22 parts~28 parts of white vitriol and 5 parts~15 parts of ammonium humate soil Earth conditioner.It should be noted that can use known in the art and common various nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, sulfur fertilizer and Zinc fertilizer, as long as the parts by weight of various effective chemical elements defined above can be reached after the mixing of these fertilizer.
Advantageously, the parts by weight of each effective chemical element are respectively as follows: 300 parts of common urea, 220 parts of coated with resin are urinated Element, 140 parts of potassium chloride, 200 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100 parts of ammonium sulfate, 25 parts of white vitriols and 10 parts of ammonium humate soil tune Manage agent.
Formula fertilizer as described above according to the present invention can not only meet need of the wheat in breeding time to various fertilizer It asks, but also the required middle microelement of its growth can be obtained by this fertilizer.In addition, according to the present invention by applying Winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer can also greatly save the amount of applied base fertilizer in wheat planting, reduce environmental pollution, it is therefore prevented that The waste of fertilizer, while the investment of top dressing bring human and material resources and fund can also be reduced, to improve earning rate.It adopts The yield and quality of wheat can also be improved with the winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer of formula according to the present invention.
The content of various effective chemical elements of winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention is with the weight of pure nutrition calculation Amount percentage be respectively as follows: nitrogen be 26%-30%, phosphorus pentoxide 10.8%-13.2%, potassium oxide 7.4%-9.2%, sulphur For 1.9%-3%, zinc be 0.4%-0.6% and potassium humate is 1%-3%.It is dedicated release-controlled in winter wheat according to the present invention In fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer includes Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer, and the content of the nitrogen in Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer is institute's Nitrogen element total amount in all nitrogenous fertilizer 45%-55%.Further, the content of various effective chemical elements is respectively as follows: nitrogen with the weight percent of pure nutrition calculation and is 28%, phosphorus pentoxide 12%, potassium oxide 8%, sulphur 2.4%, zinc are 0.5% and ammonium humate is 2%.Here, Nitrogenous fertilizer includes Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer, and the content of the nitrogen in Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer is 50% of institute's Nitrogen element total amount in all nitrogenous fertilizer.Have Sharp ground, Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer are resin coated urea, and the acquisition time of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer is 60 days.
Further, the nitrogenous fertilizer of winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention can be selected from urea, ammonium chloride, bicarbonate One of ammonium and ammonium sulfate or more;The phosphate fertilizer of the winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer can selected from monoammonium phosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), One of calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate or more;The potash fertilizer of the wheat special controlled release fertilizer can be sulphur Sour potassium or potassium chloride;Wherein, calcareous fertilisers can be one or both of calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate;The winter The zinc fertilizer of wheat special controlled release fertilizer can be zinc sulfate;Furthermore it is possible to add in winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention Add 2% ammonium humate soil conditioner.
Use the various groups of winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizers being grouped as of weight percent content as described above can be to be small Wheat growth medium provides required nutrition, to provide guarantee for winter wheat growth.Since winter wheat according to the present invention is special Controlled release design is carried out by nutrient needed for wheat growth with Controlled Release Fertilizer, therefore, this fertilizer can during the growth of wheat It is absorbed by wheat, there is certain protective effect to soil quality, slow down the salt accumulation of soil.
The effect of winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention will be illustrated according to experiment below.Below to use Winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer, common Controlled Release Fertilizer and conventional composite fertilizer according to the present invention are planted wheat respectively and are compared, wherein The effect of two kinds of fertilizer is compared in terms of the growth indexes of wheat and yield two.
The winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer component according to the present invention used herein is prepared, i.e., using 300 parts by weight Common urea, the resin coated urea of 220 parts by weight, the monoammonium phosphate of 200 parts by weight, the potassium chloride of 140 parts by weight, 100 weights Measure the ammonium sulfate, the white vitriol of 25 parts by weight and the ammonium humate soil conditioner of 10 parts by weight of part.Wherein, effectively chemical It is 28% (wherein 14% is control release urea), five oxidations that the content of element, which is respectively as follows: nitrogen with the weight percent of pure nutrition calculation, Two phosphorus are 12%, potassium oxide 8%, sulphur 2.4%, zinc 0.5%, ammonium humate 2%.
Winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention is used for northern calacareous soil, and test one is in Shunyi District Zhao Quanying base Test is carried out on ground, and trial crops are winter wheat.The result shows that processing 3 (Controlled Release Fertilizer, 28-12-8 (its indicate nitrogen content be 28%, The special-purpose control-release fertilizer that phosphorus pentoxide content is 12%, potassium oxide content is 8%, similarly hereinafter)) in yield component, mu spike number It is highest with grain number per spike, mass of 1000 kernel slightly below handles 4 (slow-release fertilizer, 30-8-10);Yield highest reaches 609.26kg/ mus; 89.89kg/ mus high compared with 5 (not applying fertilizer) of processing, 5 (not applying fertilizer) yield of processing are minimum, are 519.37kg/ mus;Processing 1 (formula fertilizer+ Top dressing) yield relatively handles 2 (Controlled Release Fertilizer, 26-10-10) and 5 (not applying fertilizer) yield of processing are high, 4 (Controlled Release Fertilizer, 30-8-10) are handled, Nitrogen fertilizer amount is maximum, and mass of 1000 kernel is maximum, but mu spike number and grain number per spike are smaller, and yield is lower than 3 (Controlled Release Fertilizer, 28-12-8) of processing.
It is shown as shown in the table using winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention and common slow-release fertilizer, not fertilizer test It is compared in growth indexes and yield.
Test one
The test site Shunyi District proving ground Zhao Quanying
Testing program
Varieties of plant is section's agriculture 199, and on October 15 2016 date of seeding, winter wheat is watered in period of seedling establishment.Test great Qu area Totally 25 mu, 5 different fertilizer formula processing are set, handle the formula that 3 formula designs for this patent, amount of application is 45 public affairs Pound/acre, 1 45 kgs/acre of fertilising of processing imposes 15 kgs/acre of urea, 1 blank control is arranged, that is, handles 5.
Test result
(1) Reproduction period index measurement result
It investigated each processing Plant Height in Wheat and chlorophyll content in leaf blades etc. is tested, measurement result such as following table April 2, Each processing respectively takes wheat plant 5 plants times and measures chlorophyll content, leaf area index and dry matter.
Breeding time measurement result shows: 5 (blank) chlorophyll contents of processing, leaf area index and dry matter content are most Low, illustrating not apply fertilizer, it is very significant to influence on plant, and 4 (slow-release fertilizer, 30-8-10) are handled in fertilizer treatment, and dry matter content is most Height handles 3 (Controlled Release Fertilizer, 28-12-8) chlorophyll contents and the equal highest of leaf area index, handles 1 conventional fertilizer application mode, leaf area Index and dry-matter accumulation are smaller.
(2) yield result and constituent element
June 5 fertilizer test concentrate and surveys production, 4 sample prescriptions are chosen in each processing, and each sample prescription is arranged according to 6m2 Sample prescription sampling, sampling weighing survey produce.
Survey produce the result shows that, handle 3 (Controlled Release Fertilizer, 28-12-8) yield components in, mu spike number and grain number per spike are most Height, mass of 1000 kernel slightly below handle 4 (slow-release fertilizer, 30-8-10), and yield highest reaches 609.26kg/ mus, compared with blank control processing 5 89.89kg/ mus high, 5 (not applying fertilizer) yield of processing are minimum, are 519.37kg/ mus;1 (formula fertilizer+top dressing) yield is handled relatively to handle 2 (slow-release fertilizer, 26-10-10) and 5 (not applying fertilizer) yield of processing are high, handle 4 (slow-release fertilizer, 30-8-10), and nitrogen fertilizer amount is maximum, and thousand Grain weight is maximum, but mu spike number and grain number per spike are smaller, and yield does not reach maximum.
It can thus be seen that winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention meets wheat growth stage growth to the need of nutrient It asks, sufficient effective fertilizer can be provided for the entire growth period of winter wheat.Winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to the present invention Utilization rate of fertilizer is high, can remarkably promote the growth of wheat, improve yield and quality of wheat.Top dressing can be reduced simultaneously to bring Human and material resources and fund investment, improve economic well-being of workers and staff.
Although referring to illustrative embodiments, invention has been described, but it is to be understood that the present invention does not limit to The specific embodiment that Yu Wenzhong is described in detail and shows, without departing from claims limited range, this Field technical staff can make various changes to the illustrative embodiments.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer, including nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, sulfur fertilizer and zinc fertilizer,
It is characterized in that, the content of various effective chemical elements is in the winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer with pure nutrition calculation Weight percent is respectively as follows:
Nitrogen is 26%-30%, phosphorus pentoxide 10.8%-13.2%, potassium oxide 7.4%-9.2%, sulphur 1.9%- 3%, zinc is 0.4%-0.6% and ammonium humate is 1%-3%,
Wherein, the nitrogenous fertilizer includes Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer, and the content of the nitrogen in the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer is nitrogenous in the nitrogenous fertilizer The 45%-55% of element total amount.
2. winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer In, the content of various effective chemical elements is respectively as follows: with the weight percent of pure nutrition calculation
Nitrogen is 28%, phosphorus pentoxide 12%, potassium oxide 8%, sulphur 2.4%, zinc are 0.5% and ammonium humate is 2%.
3. winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to claim 2, which is characterized in that nitrogen in the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer Content is 50% of institute's Nitrogen element total amount in the nitrogenous fertilizer.
4. winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer is coated with resin urine Element.
5. winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that the acquisition time of the Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer It is 60 days.
6. winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer In, the parts by weight of various effective chemical elements are respectively as follows:
280 parts~320 parts of common urea, 200 parts~250 parts Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizers, 130 parts~160 parts of potassium chloride, 180 parts~ 220 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 80 parts~120 parts of ammonium sulfate, 22 parts~28 parts of white vitriol and 5 parts~15 parts of humic Sour ammonium soil conditioner.
7. winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in the winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer In, the parts by weight of various effective chemical elements are respectively as follows:
300 parts of common urea, 220 parts of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizers, 140 parts of potassium chloride, 200 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100 parts of ammonium sulfate, 25 parts White vitriol and 10 parts of ammonium humate soil conditioners.
8. winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the phosphate fertilizer is selected from monoammonium phosphate, phosphorus At least one of sour diammonium, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate.
9. winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the potash fertilizer is potassium chloride.
CN201910049638.7A 2019-01-18 2019-01-18 Winter wheat special-purpose control-release fertilizer Pending CN109734505A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115124390A (en) * 2022-05-19 2022-09-30 扬州大学 Special wheat once basal application whole-course supply slow release fertilizer suitable for sandy loam and fertilizing method thereof
CN115191201A (en) * 2022-06-24 2022-10-18 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Matched application method suitable for moisture soil winter wheat seedling stage regulation and control and base fertilizer

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CN101857515A (en) * 2010-06-10 2010-10-13 北京市农林科学院 Coated controlled-release fertilizer specialized for summer corns and preparation method thereof
CN104718867A (en) * 2015-04-09 2015-06-24 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Winter wheat one-step fertilization method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115124390A (en) * 2022-05-19 2022-09-30 扬州大学 Special wheat once basal application whole-course supply slow release fertilizer suitable for sandy loam and fertilizing method thereof
CN115191201A (en) * 2022-06-24 2022-10-18 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Matched application method suitable for moisture soil winter wheat seedling stage regulation and control and base fertilizer

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