CN109731696B - static flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery - Google Patents
static flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009291 froth flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a static flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery, belongs to the technical field of mineral flotation, and solves the problems that the existing flotation method is small in processing capacity, poor in separation effect and incapable of meeting the requirement of coarse particle coal slime recovery. The static flotation method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: filling the second cylinder with clean water through a water injection pipe, and injecting 1/5-1/3 of the volume of the clean water into the first cylinder; step two: opening a circulating pump and a bubble generator, enabling clear water in the second column body to overflow into the first column body, and generating micro bubbles in the second column body; step three: and after the overflow speed of the clean water in the second column body to the first column body is stable, feeding the pre-mineralized coal slime material into a feeding distributor for flotation, wherein flotation concentrate is recovered by a discharge pipe, and tail coal is discharged through an underflow pipe/a discharge port. The flotation method provided by the invention is convenient to operate, has a good separation effect, and can be widely applied to coarse-particle coal slime recovery.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to the technical field of mineral flotation, in particular to a static flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery.
Background
Coal is one of the main energy pillars in China, and has abundant resources and large reserves. Untreated coal can cause pollution to the environment during storage, transportation, processing and utilization, and is harmful to human health. The continuous implementation of national sustainable development strategy, and the clean utilization of coal also become the focus of constant objection to people. In recent decades, under the large background of the daily change of science and technology, the mechanization level of coal mining is continuously improved, and the dense medium coal separation technology is increasingly perfected, so that the amount of coal slime in the coal separation process is also sharply increased, and great challenges are brought to the subsequent coal slime treatment link.
at present, coal slime is classified in advance by a classification cyclone in 0.25mm, coarse coal slime with the particle size of +0.25mm is separated by a TBS (TBS) interference bed, and fine coal slime with the particle size of-0.25 mm is recovered by a flotation machine or a flotation column. However, in the actual production process, on one hand, the operation efficiency of the classifying cyclone is difficult to guarantee, and on the other hand, the sorting effect of the TBS interference bed on coal particles near 1mm is difficult to control. Resulting in a flotation feed particle size range often between 0 and 1mm in practical flotation processes. While the conventional flotation equipment can effectively and stably recover the coal slime with the granularity range of 0.074-0.25mm, and for the coal slime with the granularity range of 0.25-1mm, mineralized bubbles are easily influenced by the disturbance of the slurry in the flotation equipment, so that the desorption phenomenon between coal particles and bubbles is serious, and the flotation effect is poor.
compared with a flotation machine, although the selection performance of fine particles with the particle size of less than-0.074 mm is controlled, the turbulence degree of ore pulp in the flotation column can be reduced, the dynamic circulation of the ore pulp in the flotation column still has influence on the adhesion between bubbles and coarse particle coal slime, is not beneficial to coarse particle recovery, and causes the problems of frequent coarse particle leakage phenomenon, difficult improvement of tail coal ash content, high calorific value and the like, and the whole flotation link is operated pathologically.
Because the traditional flotation column only has one column body, the flotation section at the middle upper part of the column body finishes froth flotation, the cyclone section at the lower part finishes cyclone centrifugal separation, the bottom finishes discharge of tailings, and an interface is additionally arranged at the bottom to extract ore pulp for circulation. The purpose of the above cycle in a conventional flotation column is: feeding middling coal (coal particles between clean coal and gangue) into the lower part of the flotation column tangentially at a certain pressure along a cyclone tube through a circulating pump, a microbubble generator and other devices; the circulation has the functions of: on one hand, tangential feeding is performed to form rotational flow to finish rotational flow centrifugal separation, and on the other hand, bubbles are separated out through releasing pressure to provide micro bubbles for flotation in a flotation section. Therefore, the above processes in conventional columns occur in a single column, and especially the dynamic process of extracting slurry from the bottom of the column tends to affect the stability of the slurry flow in the column, which is detrimental to the adhesion of air bubbles to the particles.
Therefore, according to the current production situation that the amount of coal slime is increased gradually and the characteristic that coarse particles are difficult to recover by a conventional flotation column, the method has great significance in pertinently researching and developing a novel static flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery, and has considerable prospects.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a static flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery, so as to solve the problems of the existing flotation method that the processing capacity is small, the separation effect is poor, and the requirement of coarse particle coal slurry recovery cannot be met.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
a flotation process suitable for coarse particle recovery comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: filling the second cylinder with clean water through a water injection pipe, and injecting 1/5-1/3 of the volume of the clean water into the first cylinder;
Step two: opening a circulating pump and a bubble generator, enabling clear water in the second column body to overflow into the first column body, and generating micro bubbles in the second column body;
step three: and after the overflow speed of the clean water in the second column body to the first column body is stable, feeding the pre-mineralized coal slime material into a feeding distributor for flotation, wherein flotation concentrate is recovered by a discharge pipe, and tail coal is discharged through an underflow pipe/a discharge port.
Further, still include:
Step four: in the floating process of the clean coal particles in the second cylinder, part of the clean coal particles enter the first cylinder, and the ore pulp in the first cylinder is subjected to external static circulation in a fluid circulation pipeline;
Step five: ore pulp in the fluid circulation pipeline is tangentially fed into the conical section at the lower part of the second column through the cyclone pipe at the lower part of the second column under certain pressure;
Step six: and (3) along with the continuous flotation, bubbles in the second cylinder carry clean coal particles to continuously float upwards and gather to form a foam layer, when the height of the foam layer exceeds the upper end surface of the first cylinder, flotation concentrate in the foam layer overflows out of the first cylinder and flows out of the discharge pipe through the overflow chute, tailings at the bottom of the second cylinder are discharged through the underflow pipe/discharge port, and the four steps to the six steps are sequentially circulated until the whole flotation is finished.
Further, the third step specifically includes:
The first process is as follows: the coal slime material uniformly falls into the second column body by means of self gravity, and forms countercurrent with the ascending water flow in the second column body through the multilayer filling sieve plate, so that the falling coal slime collides with the ascending water flow, clean coal particles with good surface hydrophobicity are adhered to the bubbles to float upwards, and gangue particles with poor surface hydrophobicity fall without being adhered to the bubbles;
and a second process: feeding the pre-mineralized coal slime material into a foam layer of the first column through a feeding distributor, and performing primary separation on the coal slime material in a foam area;
the third process: and the coal slime which does not float upwards along with the foam falls into the second column body under the action of gravity, collides and contacts with microbubbles mixed in ascending water flow, and performs secondary flotation in the second column body.
Furthermore, in the first process, the ore pulp liquid level in the first column body is adjusted to be flush with the upper end of the second column body, bubbles carrying clean coal particles floating upwards in the second column body are gathered above the ore pulp liquid level in the first column body, a foam layer with a certain depth is formed, and the height of the foam layer is kept to maintain dynamic balance in the whole coal slime flotation process.
further, in the fifth step, heavy products containing gangue in the ore pulp descend along the conical wall of the rotational flow section of the second column, and gas-solid-liquid mixed liquid flow containing clean coal ascends in the second column.
further, a static flotation column suitable for coarse particle recovery is adopted, the static flotation column comprises a first column body and a second column body, the first column body and the second column body are both barrel-shaped structures, and the second column body is partially nested in the first column body; a feeding distributor is arranged in a space from the top end opening of the second column body to the top end opening of the first column body and is connected with the feeding pipe; a water distribution pipe is arranged above the feeding distributor; an overflow groove is arranged on the outer circumference of the upper part of the first cylinder; the bottom of the first column body is connected with the bottom of the second column body through a guide pipe to form a fluid circulation pipeline.
further, the nesting is: the upper part of the second column body penetrates through the bottom plate of the first column body and is arranged in the first column body in a sealing and nesting way; along the flow direction of the fluid in the fluid circulation pipeline, the guide pipe is sequentially provided with a circulating pump, a bubble generator and a mineralization pipe.
Furthermore, the bottom of the first column body is provided with a first flow guide opening, the bottom of the second column body is provided with a second flow guide opening, and two ends of the flow guide pipe are respectively connected with the first flow guide opening and the second flow guide opening.
Furthermore, a cyclone tube is arranged in the lower part of the second column body and is connected with the second flow guide port; the side wall of the lower part of the second column body is connected with a water injection pipe; the bottom of the second column is of a conical structure, and an underflow pipe/discharge port for discharging the bed charge is arranged at the bottom of the second column.
furthermore, a plurality of layers of filling sieve plates are arranged in the second column body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
a) According to the flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery, the first cylinder plays a role in middling circulation through the design of the internally and externally nested double-layer cylinders, compared with the second cylinder or the common flotation cylinder for flotation, static circulation outside ore pulp is achieved in the flotation process, disturbance influence on the ore pulp in the flotation process of the second cylinder is reduced, a mild flotation environment is achieved, the collision and adhesion probability of particles and bubbles is effectively improved, the desorption of coarse particles is reduced, the recovery effect of the coarse particles is improved, and the method can be widely applied to coal slime flotation for coarse particle recovery.
b) According to the flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery, the ore pulp liquid level is set, the mounting positions of the feeding pipe, the feeding distributor and the water distribution pipe are optimized, feeding in a foam layer is achieved, collision and adhesion of clean coal particles and bubbles are facilitated, coal slime is sorted in advance in the foam layer by matching with top washing water, the clean coal particles with good hydrophobicity are easy to adhere to the bubbles and stay in the bubble layer, the gangue particles with poor hydrophobicity are not easy to adhere to the bubbles and fall into a second column of a flotation column below, and the flushing water is matched with the water distribution pipe at the top of the foam layer in the first column to flush gangue particles mixed among the bubbles out, so that the first effective sorting of the coal slime entering and floating is achieved, particularly, the coarse particle clean coal recovery effect is remarkable, the phenomenon that coarse particles are desorbed from the bubbles is reduced, the coarse particle recovery is facilitated, and the sorting effect is improved.
in the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a static flotation column suitable for coarse particle recovery in an example.
reference numerals:
1-a feeding pipe; 2-a flow guide pipe; 3-a first cylinder; 4-a second cylinder; 5-a swirl tube; 6-circulating pump; 7-an overflow trough; 8, a discharge pipe; 9-water distribution pipe; 10-a feed distributor; 11-a water injection pipe; 12-a bubble generator; 13-filling the sieve plate; 14-a mineralising pipe; 15-underflow/drain; 16-a water injection pipe; a. b, c, d and e-the movement direction of the ore pulp.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention. The related terms in the examples are given as follows: the middlings refer to coal particles between clean coal and gangue, and the middlings refer to ore pulp containing middlings. The pulp movement direction refers to the flow direction of pulp/clean water in the flotation process, and a, b, c, d and e in fig. 1 are schematic directions of pulp movement in the section of the static flotation column.
Example one
In one embodiment of the present invention, a static flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery is disclosed, which uses a flotation column structure as shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the following steps: water is injected into the first column 3 and the second column 4. Specifically, before coal slime flotation is started, the first flow guide opening and the underflow pipe/discharge opening 15 are closed, the switch of the water injection pipe 11 is opened, the water pump is started, the second cylinder 4 is filled with clear water, after the second cylinder 4 is filled with water, the water overflows and flows into the second cylinder 4, clear water with the volume of 1/5-1/3 is injected into the first cylinder 3, preferably, clear water with the volume of 1/4 is injected into the first cylinder 3, and the water injection pipe 11 is closed after the water injection is finished.
Step two: the circulation pump 6 and the bubble generator 12 are opened, the clean water in the second column 4 overflows into the first column 3, and as shown in the section of the flotation column shown in fig. 1, the clean water in the second column 4 circulates according to the movement directions a and b; the air valve on the bubble generator 12 is adjusted to produce suitably stable microbubbles (i.e., bubbles) in the second column 4.
Step three: after the overflow speed of the clean water in the second column 4 to the first column 3 is stable, the pre-mineralized coal slime material in the ore pulp preprocessor is fed into the feeding distributor 10 at the upper part of the second column 4 through the feeding pipe 1 for flotation. The third step specifically comprises the following three processes:
The first process is as follows: and (5) carrying out an initial process. The coal slime material uniformly falls into the second column body 4 by the self gravity, and forms counter flow with the ascending water flow in the second column body 4 through the multilayer filling sieve plate 13, so that the falling coal slime collides with the ascending water flow, clean coal particles with good surface hydrophobicity are adhered to the bubbles to float upwards, and gangue particles with poor surface hydrophobicity fall without being adhered to the bubbles. The ore pulp liquid level in the first cylinder 3 is adjusted to be parallel and level with the upper end of the second cylinder 4, bubbles carrying clean coal particles floating upwards in the second cylinder 4 are gathered above the ore pulp liquid level in the first cylinder 3 to form a foam layer with a certain depth, and the height of the foam layer is kept to maintain dynamic balance in the whole coal slime flotation process by controlling the air inflow of the bubble generator 12, the feeding speed of the feeding pipe 1 and the discharge speed and flow of the underflow pipe/discharge port 15.
And a second process: the foam layer feed is first sorted. The pre-mineralized coal slurry material is fed into the foam layer above the surface of the ore slurry in the first column 3 through the feeding pipe 1 by the feeding distributor 10, and the coal slurry material is pre-sorted in the foam area. Wherein, the clean coal particles with good hydrophobicity collide with the bubbles and adhere to the bubbles to stay in the foam layer, and the clean coal with general hydrophobicity, the gangue particles and the clean coal particles with good hydrophobicity and without floating with the bubbles fall into the second column body 4 under the action of gravity, and then the second separation is carried out. In the process, the washing water in the water distribution pipe 9 washes a foam layer on the upper part of the first cylinder 3, the washing water flows downwards along the pore passages among the bubbles and continuously takes away the mixed gangue particles, and due to the moderate flow field environment in the foam layer and a large number of existing gas-water interfaces, the collision probability of the cleaned coal particles and the bubbles is improved, especially the three-phase wetting peripheral length when the coarse-particle cleaned coal and the bubbles are adhered is increased, the adhesion probability of the coarse particles and the bubbles is improved, the desorption probability of the coarse particles and the bubbles is reduced, and the first selective recovery of the coarse particles and the fine-particle cleaned coal is realized.
the third process: and performing secondary flotation in the second column body 4. The coal slime which does not float upwards along with the foam falls into the second column body 4 under the action of gravity and collides and contacts with the microbubbles mixed in the ascending water flow. The multilayer filling sieve plate 13 in the second column 4 has a buffering effect on the falling coal slime, the disturbance to the ore pulp caused by the falling inertia effect of the coal slime is reduced, the stability of the ore pulp in the second column 4 is ensured, the clean coal particles with good hydrophobicity are favorably collided with bubbles to be adhered and float upwards, particularly the desorption probability of the bubbles in the coarse particle clean coal flotation process is reduced, and the recovery of the coarse particles is enhanced.
Step four: and (4) performing external static circulation on the middlings. During the floating up of the cleaned coal particles in the second cylinder 4 (along the moving direction c in fig. 1), the slurry disturbance affects the cleaned coal particles, and some of the cleaned coal particles with general hydrophobicity enter the first cylinder 3 (along the moving directions a and b in fig. 1). In addition, a small amount of coarse-grained clean coal and gangue can be mixed into the first cylinder 3 during the process of falling into the second cylinder 4 from the foam layer. The ore pulp in the first cylinder 3 is subjected to external static circulation in the fluid circulation pipeline, specifically, the ore pulp in the first cylinder 3 passes through the flow guide pipe 2 and sequentially passes through the circulating pump 6, the bubble generator 12 and the mineralization pipe 14 to realize the external static circulation, so that the disturbance effect of the circulation on the ore pulp in the second cylinder 4 is improved, the turbulence of the ore pulp is reduced, the adhesion stability of clean coal particles and bubbles is improved, particularly, the desorption probability of coarse-particle clean coal and the bubbles is reduced, and the flotation of the coarse-particle clean coal is strengthened. The slurry in the first column 3 is coal slurry water, and includes fine coal particles with general hydrophobicity falling in the moving directions a and b, and a small amount of coarse-particle fine coal and water falling from the foam layer.
Step five: and (4) sorting in a cyclone section. The ore pulp in the fluid circulation pipeline (namely the ore pulp circularly mineralized by the first cylinder 3 through the flow guide pipe 2, the circulating pump 6, the bubble generator 12 and the mineralization pipe 14) is tangentially fed into the conical section at the lower part of the second cylinder 4 through the cyclone pipe 5 at the lower part of the second cylinder 4 under certain pressure, and is sorted in the second cylinder 4, and the conical section is a bottom sweeping area of the second cylinder 4. Wherein, heavy products containing gangue in the ore pulp descend along the conical wall of the rotational flow section of the second cylinder 4, gas-solid-liquid mixed liquid flow containing clean coal ascends in the second cylinder 4, and the selective recovery of the floating coal slime is improved through the enhanced separation effect of the centrifugal force field.
step six: and (5) discharging. Along with the continuous flotation, bubbles in the second cylinder 4 carry clean coal particles to continuously float upwards, the clean coal particles are continuously gathered on the ore slurry surface in the first cylinder 3 to form a foam layer, when the height of the foam layer exceeds the upper end surface of the first cylinder 3, flotation concentrate in the foam layer overflows out of the first cylinder 3 (along the moving directions d and e in the figure 1), flows out of a discharge pipe 8 through an overflow chute 7, and tailings at the bottom of the second cylinder 4 are discharged through a bottom flow pipe/discharge port 15, and the fourth step, the sixth step, the fourth step and the fourth step are sequentially circulated until the whole flotation is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery provided by the embodiment has the advantages that through the design of the internally and externally nested double-layer cylinders, the static circulation outside the ore pulp is realized in the flotation process, the collision adhesion probability of particles and bubbles can be effectively improved, the clean coal particles with good hydrophobicity are easy to adhere to the bubbles and stay in the bubble layer, the gangue particles with poor hydrophobicity are not easy to adhere to the bubbles and fall into the second cylinder 4 of the flotation column below, the water distribution pipe 9 at the top of the bubble layer in the first cylinder 3 is matched, and the flushing water flushes out the gangue particles mixed among the bubbles, so that the first effective separation of the floating coal slime is realized, the recovery effect of the coarse particle clean coal is particularly remarkable, the desorption phenomenon of the coarse particles and the bubbles is reduced, and the separation effect. The falling coal slime is decelerated through the filling sieve plate 13 and forms a counter flow with the ascending water flow in the second column body 4, the falling coal slime collides and adheres to microbubbles mixed in the ascending water flow, clean coal particles with good hydrophobicity are attached to the bubbles and float up along with the bubbles, and gangue particles with poor hydrophobicity do not fall down along with the bubbles, so that the stability of the separation effect is improved. According to the flotation method provided by the embodiment, the setting of the liquid level of the ore pulp and the optimization of the installation positions of the feeding pipe 1 and the feeding distributor 10 are adopted, so that foam feeding is realized, the collision and adhesion of clean coal particles and bubbles are facilitated, and the flotation effect is improved; the ore pulp in the first cylinder 3 enters the sweeping area at the bottom of the second cylinder through the tangential jet of the circulating pump 6, the bubble generator 12 and the mineralization pipe 14, so that the stable upward movement of the ore pulp in the second cylinder 4 is ensured, the buoyancy of bubbles is increased, the sweeping of the rotational flow force field is provided, and the recovery rate is improved. The feeding distributor 10 arranged on the feeding pipe 1 feeds in a foam layer, and coal slime is sorted in the foam layer in advance by matching with washing water at the top, so that coarse particles are recovered.
example two
A specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a static flotation column suitable for coarse particle recovery, which is adopted in the static flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery in the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the static flotation column suitable for coarse particle recovery includes a first column 3 and a second column 4, both the first column 3 and the second column 4 are barrel-shaped structures, and the second column 4 is partially nested in the first column 3; a feeding distributor 10 is arranged in a space from the top end opening of the second column body 4 to the top end opening of the first column body 3, and the feeding distributor 10 is connected with the feeding pipe 1; a water distribution pipe 9 connected with a flushing water pump is arranged above the feeding distributor 10; the upper outer circumference of the first cylinder 3 is provided with an overflow groove 7; the bottom of the first column body 3 is connected with the bottom of the second column body 4 through the guide pipe 2 to form a fluid circulation pipeline.
In this embodiment, the second column 4 is partially nested in the first column 3, and the specific nesting is as follows: the upper part of the second column body 4 penetrates through the bottom plate of the first column body 3 and is nested in the first column body 3 in a sealing way. The fluid circulation pipeline comprises a flow guide pipe 2, and the flow guide pipe 2 is sequentially provided with a circulating pump 6, a bubble generator 12 and a mineralization pipe 14 along the flow direction of fluid in the fluid circulation pipeline; the bottom of the first column body 3 is provided with a first flow guide opening, the bottom of the second column body 4 is provided with a second flow guide opening, and two ends of the flow guide pipe 2 are respectively connected with the first flow guide opening and the second flow guide opening.
In this embodiment, a swirl tube 5 is arranged in the lower part of the second column 4, and the swirl tube 5 is connected with the second flow guide port; the side wall of the lower part of the second column body 4 is connected with a water injection pipe 11; the bottom of the second column is of a conical structure, and the bottom of the second column is provided with an underflow/discharge port 15 for discharging the bed charge. The ore pulp circularly mineralized by the guide pipe 2, the circulating pump 6, the bubble generator 12 and the mineralization pipe 14 in the first column body 3 is tangentially fed into the conical section at the lower part of the second column body 4 through the cyclone pipe 5 at the lower part of the second column body 4 under certain pressure, and the section is a bottom sweeping area of the second column body 4. The flotation column of this structure provides the rising bias flow for second cylinder 4 on the one hand, has effectively increased bubble buoyancy, and on the other hand provides the sweeping of whirl force field, improves the rate of recovery.
In the flotation process of the traditional flotation column, the falling inertia of coal particles is large, and the desorption probability is high and the flotation effect is poor after the coal particles are in collision contact with bubbles. Therefore, consider that capture zone ore pulp torrent speed influences the flotation effect, second cylinder is inside to be equipped with multilayer filling sieve 13, filling sieve 13 locates more than cyclone 5, preferably, the quantity of filling sieve 13 is 3 ~ 6 layers, along the longitudinal center line of second cylinder 4, the interval of two adjacent filling sieve 13 is the same, or, the interval of two adjacent filling sieve 13 from top to bottom reduces gradually, second cylinder 4 that has multilayer filling sieve 13, can show the reduction capture zone ore pulp torrent speed, increase the buffering time, reduce the desorption of coarse particle coal, promote sorting efficiency.
In order to further reduce the ore pulp turbulence speed of the trapping area and increase the buffering time, the filling sieve plate 13 is of a wave-shaped structure, sieve holes are formed in the trough position of the filling sieve plate 13, coal particles falling on the crest position of the filling sieve plate 13 slide to the trough position from the crest position, a pre-buffering stage is added on each layer of the filling sieve plate 13, the filling sieve plate 13 has longer buffering time compared with the filling sieve plate 13 with a horizontal structure, and the sorting efficiency is better.
In the embodiment, a discharge hole 8 is formed in the bottom plate of the overflow groove 7, and the bottom plate of the overflow groove 7 is lower than the top opening of the first column 3; preferably, the bottom plate of the overflow groove 7 is obliquely arranged, the included angle between the bottom plate and the longitudinal center line of the first column 3 is 45-75 degrees, the overflow groove 7 with the bottom plate having a certain inclination angle can quickly discharge flotation particles, so that the blockage caused by the accumulation of the flotation particles in the overflow groove 7 is avoided, and the working stability of the flotation column is ensured. In order to prevent the overflow of the floated ore pulp, the overflow groove 7 is provided with a cover plate, so that the overflow of the ore pulp/foam can be prevented, and the working stability of the flotation column is ensured.
In this embodiment, the water distributor 9 is eight claw shape structures, and the water distributor 9 is equipped with the flow valve, and the water distributor 9 of this structure can make even the falling of water on the froth layer of first cylinder 3 upper end, avoids the flotation dead angle district to can set up and adjust the water spray rate and the water spray speed of water distributor 9 according to treating the flotation coal slime condition, the coal slime is accomplished to sort in advance in the froth layer, helps the recovery of coarse grain, has improved the flotation effect, optimizes the flotation process.
Compared with the prior art, the static flotation column that is suitable for coarse grain to retrieve that this embodiment provided, through the nested design of first cylinder 3 and second cylinder 4, moreover, the steam generator is simple in structure, the operation is stable, high adaptability, and high treatment capacity, first cylinder 3 undertakes the effect of middlings circulation, compare in the second cylinder 4 or ordinary flotation column that carry out the flotation, the characteristics of ore pulp circulation are outside, static, be favorable to realizing the static extrinsic cycle of ore pulp, the disturbance influence to ore pulp in the second cylinder flotation process has been reduced, the gentle flotation environment has been realized, the desorption of coarse grain has been reduced, the recovery effect of coarse grain has been improved, can wide application in the coal slime flotation that the coarse grain was retrieved. In addition, the feed distributor 10 of the static flotation column suitable for coarse particle recovery provided by the embodiment feeds in the foam layer, and the multilayer filling sieve plate 13 is arranged in the second column body 4, so that the coal slime particles falling from the foam layer are buffered, the disturbance to ore pulp is relieved, a mild flow field environment is provided for the flotation of the coal slime particles, and the desorption of coarse particle clean coal is reduced.
the above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a flotation process suitable for the recovery of coarse particles, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the following steps: filling clear water into the second cylinder (4) through a water injection pipe (11), and injecting clear water with the volume of 1/5-1/3 into the first cylinder (3);
Step two: a circulating pump (6) and a bubble generator (12) are started, clear water in the second cylinder (4) overflows into the first cylinder (3), and micro bubbles are generated in the second cylinder (4);
Step three: after the overflow speed of the clean water in the second column (4) to the first column (3) is stable, feeding the pre-mineralized coal slurry material into a feeding distributor (10) for flotation, wherein flotation concentrate is recovered by a discharge pipe (8), and tail coal is discharged through a bottom flow pipe/discharge port (15).
2. the flotation process adapted for coarse particle recovery as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
Step four: in the floating process of the clean coal particles in the second cylinder (4), part of the clean coal particles enter the first cylinder (3), and the ore pulp in the first cylinder (3) is subjected to external static circulation in a fluid circulation pipeline;
Step five: ore pulp in the fluid circulation pipeline is tangentially fed into a conical section at the lower part of the second column (4) through a cyclone tube (5) at the lower part of the second column (4) under certain pressure;
step six: and along with the continuous flotation, bubbles in the second cylinder (4) carry clean coal particles to continuously float upwards and gather to form a foam layer, when the height of the foam layer exceeds the upper end surface of the first cylinder (3), flotation concentrate in the foam layer overflows out of the first cylinder (3), flows out of the discharge pipe (8) through the overflow groove (7), and tail coal at the bottom of the second cylinder (4) is discharged through the underflow pipe/discharge port (15), and the four steps to the six steps are sequentially circulated until the whole flotation is finished.
3. a flotation process suitable for the recovery of coarse particles according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in step three, it comprises in particular:
The first process is as follows: the coal slime material uniformly falls into the second column body (4) by means of self gravity, and forms counter flow with ascending water flow in the second column body (4) through the multilayer filling sieve plate (13), so that the falling coal slime collides with the ascending water flow, clean coal particles with good surface hydrophobicity are adhered to bubbles to float upwards, and gangue particles with poor surface hydrophobicity fall without being adhered to the bubbles;
And a second process: feeding the pre-mineralized coal slime material into a foam layer of the first cylinder (3) through a feeding distributor (10), and carrying out primary separation on the coal slime material in a foam area;
the third process: the coal slime which does not float upwards along with the foam falls into the second column body (4) under the action of gravity, collides and contacts with the microbubbles mixed in the ascending water flow, and is subjected to secondary flotation in the second column body (4).
4. A flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery according to claim 3, characterized in that in the first process, the pulp liquid level in the first cylinder (3) is adjusted to be flush with the upper end of the second cylinder (4), and bubbles floating up with clean coal particles in the second cylinder (4) are gathered above the pulp liquid level in the first cylinder (3) to form a foam layer with a certain depth, and the height of the foam layer is kept to be dynamically balanced in the whole coal slurry flotation process.
5. A flotation process suitable for the recovery of coarse particles according to claim 2, wherein in step five, the gangue-containing heavy products in the slurry descend along the conical wall of the cyclone section of the second column (4), and the gas-solid-liquid mixed liquid flow containing clean coal ascends in the second column (4).
6. The flotation process for the recovery of coarse particles according to any of the claims 1 to 2 and 4 to 5, characterized in that a static flotation column for the recovery of coarse particles is used, said static flotation column comprising a first column (3) and a second column (4), said first column (3) and said second column (4) being both of a barrel-like structure, said second column (4) being partially nested inside said first column (3);
A feeding distributor (10) is arranged in a space from the top end opening of the second cylinder (4) to the top end opening of the first cylinder (3), and the feeding distributor (10) is connected with the feeding pipe (1);
A water distribution pipe (9) is arranged above the feeding distributor (10);
An overflow groove (7) is formed in the outer circumference of the upper part of the first cylinder (3);
The bottom of the first column body (3) is connected with the bottom of the second column body (4) through the guide pipe (2) to form a fluid circulation pipeline.
7. The flotation process adapted for coarse particle recovery according to claim 6, wherein the nesting is: the upper part of the second column body (4) penetrates through the bottom plate of the first column body (3) and is embedded in the first column body (3) in a sealing manner;
along the fluid flow direction in the fluid circulation pipeline, the draft tube (2) is sequentially provided with a circulating pump (6), a bubble generator (12) and a mineralization tube (14).
8. The flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery according to claim 7, wherein the bottom of the first cylinder (3) is provided with a first diversion port, the bottom of the second cylinder (4) is provided with a second diversion port, and two ends of the diversion pipe (2) are respectively connected with the first diversion port and the second diversion port.
9. The flotation process for coarse particle recovery according to claim 8, wherein a swirl tube (5) is arranged in the lower part of the second column (4), and the swirl tube (5) is connected with the second diversion opening;
the side wall of the lower part of the second column body (4) is connected with a water injection pipe (11);
the bottom of the second column is of a conical structure, and an underflow pipe/discharge port (15) for discharging the bed charge is arranged at the bottom of the second column (4).
10. A flotation process adapted for the recovery of coarse particles according to any of the claims 1-2, 4-5, 7-9, characterized in that inside the second column there are layers of packing screen plates (13).
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| CN110773331B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2022-02-01 | 河南大学 | Enrichment device for separating micro-plastics in environmental soil and sediments |
| CN110882829A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-17 | 郑州大学 | Coarse particle tailing discarding sorting system based on hydraulic flotation technology |
| CN111389580B (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2021-11-02 | 中国矿业大学 | Three-product hydraulic flotation machine for coarse particle recovery and separation method |
| CN112337655B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-09-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Three-product flotation column and method suitable for high-ash fine-fraction coal slime |
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| CN112934457B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2022-05-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Gravity-flotation integrated coal slime separation equipment and method |
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| CN113649163B (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2023-06-06 | 中煤科工集团唐山研究院有限公司 | Pulse type continuous discharging device and method of interference bed separator |
| CN114700182B (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2023-07-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Coarse particle fluidization flotation device and method with gradient air intake |
| CN114713380B (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-12-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Coarse particle flotation device and method based on coupling of ultrasonic waves and mechanical damping blocks |
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| CN2431047Y (en) * | 2000-07-07 | 2001-05-23 | 中国矿业大学（北京校区） | Bidirectionally inflating jet flotation column |
| CN101653748A (en) * | 2008-11-13 | 2010-02-24 | 湖南君毅科技发展有限公司 | Cyclone-static microbubble floatation column |
| CN101773873B (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2013-10-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Slime separation method and equipment |
| US9302270B2 (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2016-04-05 | Cidra Corporate Services Inc. | Mineral separation using functionalized filters and membranes |
| CN102327818B (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-12-25 | 湖南长高矿山机电设备有限公司 | Floatation device |
| BR202015024339Y1 (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2020-07-14 | Pontual Consultoria Empresarial, Pesquisa E Desenvolvimento Mineral Ltda Me | FLOATING COLUMN WITH DOUBLE AERATION |
| CN205095964U (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-03-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Static microbubble flotation column of inflatable whirl |
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