CN109728432B - Gradual change square gap fractal array ultra wide band antenna - Google Patents

Gradual change square gap fractal array ultra wide band antenna Download PDF

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CN109728432B
CN109728432B CN201910068617.XA CN201910068617A CN109728432B CN 109728432 B CN109728432 B CN 109728432B CN 201910068617 A CN201910068617 A CN 201910068617A CN 109728432 B CN109728432 B CN 109728432B
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antenna
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CN109728432A (en
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林斌
魏昕煜
郑萍
潘依郎
洪志杰
李振昌
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Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College
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Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College
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Abstract

The invention provides a gradient square slot fractal array ultra-wideband antenna, wherein an antenna radiation patch is distributed at the radiation surface of the ultra-wideband antenna; the overlooking shape of the antenna radiation patch is formed by arranging a plurality of array element antennas in the same plane; an array element antenna radiation patch is arranged at the radiation surface of the array element antenna; the shape of the array element antenna radiation patch in the downward view direction is a gradually-changed square slit fractal pattern; the array element antenna radiation patches are arranged in a criss-cross mode at the radiation surface of the ultra-wideband antenna to form a gradually-changed square slot fractal array; an antenna feed point is arranged at the center of the bottom edge of the array element antenna radiation patch; the invention can completely cover second-generation to fifth-generation mobile communication frequency bands, radio frequency identification frequency bands, ultra-wideband communication frequency bands and mobile digital television frequency bands, has outstanding ultra-wideband working capability and anti-electromagnetic interference capability, and has high working stability, small size, high radiation intensity and large performance redundancy.

Description

Gradual change square gap fractal array ultra wide band antenna
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a gradient square slot fractal array ultra wide band antenna.
Background
The multi-network-in-one technology is a new wireless communication technology which integrates various wireless communication application systems with similar working principles to realize the sharing of a working frequency band, base station equipment and a handheld terminal, saves communication equipment resources and exerts the effects of the communication equipment to the maximum extent, and is the most important trend of the development of wireless communication in the new century. The mobile communication system, the radio frequency identification system, the ultra-wideband communication system and the mobile digital television system are developed and mature wireless communication application systems of microwave frequency bands, the working frequencies are close, the requirements on base station equipment and terminal equipment are high in universality, and the integration of multiple networks of the microwave frequency bands is expected to be realized.
The multi-network-in-one system requires the antenna to have multi-band compatible function. The second generation mobile communication frequency bands currently used in China are GSM standard frequency bands of 0.905-0.915 GHz, 0.950-0.960 GHz, 1.710-1.785 GHz and 1.805-1.880 GHz; the third generation mobile communication frequency band is a TD-SCDMA frequency band with 1.880-1.920 GHz, 2.010-2.025 GHz, 2.300-2.400 GHz and a WCDMA frequency band with 1.920-1.980 GHz and 2.110-2.170 GHz; the fourth generation mobile communication frequency band is a TD-LTE standard 2.570-2.620 GHz frequency band. The fifth generation mobile communication to be put into use has three candidate frequency bands, which are respectively: 3.300 to 3.400 GHz, 4.400 to 4.500 GHz and 4.800 to 4.990 GHz. The rfid system has three main operating frequency bands: 0.902 to 0.928 GHz, 2.400 to 2.4835 GHz and 5.725 to 5.875 GHz. The working frequency band of the ultra-wideband system is 3.100-10.600 GHz. The working frequency band of the mobile digital television system is 11.700-12.200 GHz. The microwave frequency band multi-network-in-one equipment antenna needs to completely cover all the working frequency bands, and has the advantages of outstanding ultra-wide band working capacity and anti-electromagnetic interference capacity, high working stability, small size, high radiation intensity and high performance redundancy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a gradually-changed square slot fractal array ultra-wideband antenna which can completely cover second-generation to fifth-generation mobile communication frequency bands, radio frequency identification frequency bands, ultra-wideband communication frequency bands and mobile digital television frequency bands, has outstanding ultra-wideband working capacity and anti-electromagnetic interference capacity, and is high in working stability, small in size, high in radiation intensity and high in performance redundancy.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The antenna comprises a gradient square slot fractal array ultra-wideband antenna, wherein an antenna radiation patch is distributed on the radiation surface of the ultra-wideband antenna; the overlooking shape of the antenna radiation patch is formed by arranging a plurality of array element antennas in the same plane; an array element antenna radiation patch is arranged at the radiation surface of the array element antenna; the shape of the array element antenna radiation patch in the downward view direction is a gradually-changed square slit fractal pattern; the array element antenna radiation patches are arranged in a criss-cross mode at the radiation surface of the ultra-wideband antenna to form a gradually-changed square slot fractal array; and an antenna feed point is arranged at the center of the bottom edge of the array element antenna radiation patch.
The gradual change square gap fractal array of ultra wide band antenna radiation face department, the square gap in the array increases gradually according to the order from one side to opposite side, and the working frequency channel of each square gap is different, and the radiation frequency channel of a plurality of square gaps of working in different frequency channels superposes together and forms the work bandwidth of ultra wide band antenna.
The array element antenna radiation patch and the array element antenna grounding plate of the array element antenna radiation surface are printed by graphene conductive ink.
The ultra-wideband antenna comprises a film substrate, an antenna radiation patch attached to the front surface of the film substrate, an antenna ground plate attached to the back surface of the film substrate, a potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet attached to the back surface of the antenna ground plate, and an iron-based nanocrystalline alloy coating attached to the back surface of the potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet.
The array element antenna is a small square nested slot fractal antenna; the shape of the square nested small slot fractal antenna in the plane view direction is a 2-order gradually-changed square slot fractal structure, and the 2-order gradually-changed square slot fractal structure is obtained by performing gradually-changed square slot fractal iteration in a square area.
The fractal structure of the gradually-changed square slot is a result obtained by performing 2-order fractal iteration on a square area with the size of 4.55 mm +/-0.05 mm multiplied by 4.55 mm +/-0.05 mm; the step of 2-order fractal iteration is as follows;
a1, performing 1-order gradual change square gap fractal iteration on the initial square area, equally dividing the square area into 13 rows and 13 columns of 169 small squares, removing 42 small squares in a specific row and column, and leaving 127 equally divided square areas to obtain a 1-order gradual change square gap fractal structure;
the small squares of the specific row and column include row 2, column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12,
column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12 of row 3,
row 4, column 10, column 11, column 12,
row 6, column 2, column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12,
line 7, column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12,
row 8, column 10, column 11, column 12,
row 10, column 2, column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12,
line 11, column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12,
the 12 th row, the 10 th column, the 11 th column and the 12 th column are all 42 small squares;
and A2, respectively carrying out gradual change square gap fractal iteration again according to the steps A1 on the 127 square areas left after the 1-order gradual change square gap fractal iteration, and obtaining a 2-order gradual change square gap fractal structure.
The film substrate consists of 16 small areas which are at least 4 rows and 4 columns, and the relative dielectric constant of each small area of the film substrate is gradually changed along the length direction and the width direction of the film substrate; the small area with the minimum relative dielectric constant is positioned at the upper left corner of the film substrate, and the relative dielectric constant of the small area is 20.0; the small area with the maximum relative dielectric constant is positioned at the lower right corner of the film substrate, and the relative dielectric constant of the small area is 26.0; the relative dielectric constant of each thin film matrix small region gradually increases from left to right and from top to bottom, and the difference of the relative dielectric constant of two adjacent thin film matrix small regions is 1.0.
The film substrate is formed by polyethylene terephthalate, is rectangular, has the size of 20 mm +/-0.1 mm multiplied by 20 mm +/-0.1 mm and has the thickness of 0.2 mm +/-0.02 mm.
The potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet is a potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet with low loss characteristics in a microwave frequency band, is rectangular, and has the dimensions of 20 mm +/-0.1 mm multiplied by 20 mm +/-0.1 mm, the thickness of 0.3 mm +/-0.1 mm and the relative dielectric constant of 200 +/-5.
The size of the iron-based nanocrystalline alloy coating is the same as that of the potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet, and the used iron-based nanocrystalline alloy is an amorphous low-loss high-permeability alloy material which is prepared by taking an iron element as a main component, adding a small amount of niobium, copper, silicon and boron elements and using a rapid solidification process.
The antenna provided by the invention combines a gradual change square gap structure with an 'embedded' gap fractal iteration mode, designs the gradual change square gap fractal array element antenna, and ensures that the array element antenna has larger working bandwidth by utilizing the radiation superposition of a plurality of size gradual change square gaps and the self-similarity of fractal structures; the array antennas are arranged according to a rectangular array structure to form an antenna array, and the radiation of the array antennas is overlapped, so that the array antennas have larger working bandwidth and stronger radiation intensity at the same time, and the antennas have larger performance redundancy; the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film with the gradually changed relative dielectric constant is used as an antenna substrate material, so that the antenna has good temperature adaptability, corrosion resistance and stable physical and chemical characteristics, and the radiation performance and bandwidth performance of the array antenna are further improved by utilizing a superposition principle. The potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet and the iron-based nanocrystalline alloy coating are used in the antenna structure, so that the capability of resisting the interference of an external electromagnetic field of the antenna can be effectively improved. The radiation patch of the antenna is printed by using the graphene conductive ink, so that corrosion can be effectively prevented, and the radiation intensity of the antenna is improved.
The actual measurement result of the antenna shows that the working frequency band range of the antenna is 0.412-16.344 GHz, the working bandwidth is 15.932 GHz, the bandwidth octave is 39.67, the return loss of the antenna in the whole working frequency band is lower than-10 dB, and the minimum value of the return loss is-49.37 dB. The antenna has outstanding anti-electromagnetic interference capability and can work normally when being placed near a radio frequency signal source. The antenna completely covers all working frequency bands, radio frequency identification frequency bands, ultra-wideband communication frequency bands and all mobile digital television frequency bands of all systems from second generation to fifth generation mobile communication, such as 0.902-0.928 GHz, 0.905-0.915 GHz, 0.950-0.960 GHz, 1.710-1.785 GHz, 1.805-1.880 GHz, 1.880-1.920 GHz, 1.920-1.980 GHz, 2.010-2.025 GHz, 2.110-2.170 GHz, 2.300-2.400 GHz, 2.400-2.4835 GHz, 2.570-2.620 GHz, 3.300-3.400 GHz, 4.400-4.500 GHz, 4.800-4.990, 5.725-5.875 GHz, 3.100-10.600 GHz, 11.700-12.200 GHz and the like.
Compared with the conventional antenna used for a mobile communication system, a radio frequency identification system, an ultra-wideband communication system and a mobile digital television system, the antenna has the advantages that: the antenna has high performance redundancy, the return loss value of the antenna is smaller than-45 dB in most regions in the working frequency band, the minimum value of the return loss of the antenna is as low as-49.37 dB, the change of the return loss value in the working frequency band is stable and has small fluctuation, and the high transmission quality of wireless communication signals is ensured; the working bandwidth of the antenna is close to 16 GHz, the bandwidth octave is close to 40, and the antenna has outstanding ultra-wideband working capacity; the antenna has excellent anti-interference performance, can be placed near radio frequency signal sources such as a mobile communication base station, a radio frequency identification reader-writer, an ultra-wideband communication transmitter, a mobile digital television transmitter and the like to normally work, and the radiation performance of the antenna cannot be influenced.
According to the invention, the size of the square gap in the gradually-changed square gap structure is gradually increased from left to right, the side lengths of different square gaps are different, the working frequency ranges are different, and the radiation of a plurality of square gaps working in different frequency ranges is superposed together, so that the antenna is ensured to have larger working bandwidth. The gradually-changed square gap fractal structure is a brand-new 'embedded' gap fractal iteration mode, has the advantages of the gradually-changed square gap and the 'embedded' gap fractal structure, and has excellent broadband working capacity. The 'embedded' slot fractal is used in the antenna design, a fractal slot structure can be introduced into the antenna radiation patch under the condition that the overall shape and size of the antenna radiation patch and an external radiation slot are not changed, and the self-similarity of the fractal slot structure is utilized to enable the inside of the antenna radiation patch to have uniform current distribution under the condition that the working center frequency of the antenna is not changed, so that the antenna is ensured to have stable ultra-wideband working performance.
Although the working bandwidth of a single small tapered square slot fractal antenna is larger, the radiation intensity is weaker, and the antenna array is formed by arranging a plurality of small tapered square slot fractal antennas according to a rectangular array structure, so that the radiation of the small tapered square slot fractal antennas can be superposed, and the radiation intensity of the antenna is further enhanced.
The polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film is used as the antenna substrate material, has good chemical stability, can resist oil, dilute acid, dilute alkali and most solvents, can normally work within the temperature range of-70 ℃ to 150 ℃, and can ensure that the antenna has stable physical and chemical properties.
In the invention, the PET film substrate with the gradually-changed relative dielectric constant can be divided into a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns of small areas, the relative dielectric constant of each small area of the film substrate gradually changes along the length direction and the width direction of the film substrate, and the relative dielectric constant of each small area of the film substrate gradually increases from left to right and from top to bottom; after the film matrix with the gradually changed relative dielectric constant is used in the design of array antennas, the relative dielectric constant of the matrix of each array element antenna is different, so that the working frequency points of each array element antenna are different; when the working frequency points of different array element antennas are relatively close, the radiation and the working frequency bands of the different array element antennas are mutually superposed to form a working frequency band with relatively high radiation intensity and working bandwidth, so that the radiation performance and the bandwidth performance of the array antenna are improved.
In the invention, a potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet is pasted on the back surface of an antenna ground plate; the back of the potassium tantalate niobate thin sheet is pasted with an iron-based nanocrystalline alloy coating; the potassium tantalate niobate is a high-dielectric-constant low-loss compound with good thermal stability, chemical stability and mechanical stability, and can form a high-efficiency electric field shielding layer to prevent an external electric field from interfering the work of the antenna. The iron-based nanocrystalline alloy is an ideal high-performance soft magnetic material, has ultrahigh magnetic conductivity, good corrosion resistance and magnetic stability and extremely low loss, and can effectively prevent the interference of an external magnetic field on the work of an antenna. The potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet and the iron-based nanocrystalline alloy plating layer are combined together, so that interference of an electromagnetic field around the antenna on antenna radiation can be effectively prevented.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic, layered view of an antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a quadratic fractal iteration of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the relative dielectric constant of various regions of the film substrate of the antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a return loss (S11) performance graph of the present invention
In the figure: 1-an antenna radiation patch; 2-an array element antenna; 3-an antenna ground plane; 4-a film substrate; 5-potassium tantalate niobate flakes; 6-iron-based nanocrystalline alloy coating.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-5, a gradient square slot fractal array ultra-wideband antenna, wherein an antenna radiation patch 1 is arranged at a radiation surface of the ultra-wideband antenna; the overlooking shape of the antenna radiation patch is formed by arranging a plurality of array element antennas 2 in the same plane; an array element antenna radiation patch is arranged at the radiation surface of the array element antenna; the shape of the array element antenna radiation patch in the downward view direction is a gradually-changed square slit fractal pattern; the array element antenna radiation patches are arranged in a criss-cross mode at the radiation surface of the ultra-wideband antenna to form a gradually-changed square slot fractal array; and an antenna feed point is arranged at the center of the bottom edge of the array element antenna radiation patch.
The gradual change square gap fractal array of ultra wide band antenna radiation face department, the square gap in the array increases gradually according to the order from one side to opposite side, and the working frequency channel of each square gap is different, and the radiation frequency channel of a plurality of square gaps of working in different frequency channels superposes together and forms the work bandwidth of ultra wide band antenna.
The array element antenna radiation patch and the array element antenna grounding plate of the array element antenna radiation surface are printed by graphene conductive ink.
The ultra-wideband antenna comprises a film substrate 4, an antenna radiation patch 1 attached to the front surface of the film substrate, an antenna ground plate 3 attached to the back surface of the film substrate, a potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet 5 attached to the back surface of the antenna ground plate, and an iron-based nanocrystalline alloy coating 6 attached to the back surface of the potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet.
The array element antenna is a small square nested slot fractal antenna; the shape of the square nested small slot fractal antenna in the plane view direction is a 2-order gradually-changed square slot fractal structure, and the 2-order gradually-changed square slot fractal structure is obtained by performing gradually-changed square slot fractal iteration in a square area.
The fractal structure of the gradually-changed square slot is a result obtained by performing 2-order fractal iteration on a square area with the size of 4.55 mm +/-0.05 mm multiplied by 4.55 mm +/-0.05 mm; the step of 2-order fractal iteration is as follows;
a1, performing 1-order gradual change square gap fractal iteration on the initial square area, equally dividing the square area into 13 rows and 13 columns of 169 small squares, removing 42 small squares in a specific row and column, and leaving 127 equally divided square areas to obtain a 1-order gradual change square gap fractal structure;
the small squares of the specific row and column include row 2, column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12,
column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12 of row 3,
row 4, column 10, column 11, column 12,
row 6, column 2, column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12,
line 7, column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12,
row 8, column 10, column 11, column 12,
row 10, column 2, column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12,
line 11, column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12,
the 12 th row, the 10 th column, the 11 th column and the 12 th column are all 42 small squares;
and A2, respectively carrying out gradual change square gap fractal iteration again according to the steps A1 on the 127 square areas left after the 1-order gradual change square gap fractal iteration, and obtaining a 2-order gradual change square gap fractal structure.
The film substrate consists of 16 small areas which are at least 4 rows and 4 columns, and the relative dielectric constant of each small area of the film substrate is gradually changed along the length direction and the width direction of the film substrate; the small area with the minimum relative dielectric constant is positioned at the upper left corner of the film substrate, and the relative dielectric constant of the small area is 20.0; the small area with the maximum relative dielectric constant is positioned at the lower right corner of the film substrate, and the relative dielectric constant of the small area is 26.0; the relative dielectric constant of each thin film matrix small region gradually increases from left to right and from top to bottom, and the difference of the relative dielectric constant of two adjacent thin film matrix small regions is 1.0.
The film substrate is formed by polyethylene terephthalate, is rectangular, has the size of 20 mm +/-0.1 mm multiplied by 20 mm +/-0.1 mm and has the thickness of 0.2 mm +/-0.02 mm.
The potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet is a potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet with low loss characteristics in a microwave frequency band, is rectangular, and has the dimensions of 20 mm +/-0.1 mm multiplied by 20 mm +/-0.1 mm, the thickness of 0.3 mm +/-0.1 mm and the relative dielectric constant of 200 +/-5.
The size of the iron-based nanocrystalline alloy coating is the same as that of the potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet, and the used iron-based nanocrystalline alloy is an amorphous low-loss high-permeability alloy material which is prepared by taking an iron element as a main component, adding a small amount of niobium, copper, silicon and boron elements and using a rapid solidification process.

Claims (8)

1. Gradual change square gap fractal array ultra wide band antenna, its characterized in that: an antenna radiation patch is distributed on the radiation surface of the ultra-wideband antenna; the overlooking shape of the antenna radiation patch is formed by arranging a plurality of array element antennas in the same plane; an array element antenna radiation patch is arranged at the radiation surface of the array element antenna; the shape of the array element antenna radiation patch in the downward view direction is a gradually-changed square slit fractal pattern; the array element antenna radiation patches are arranged in a criss-cross mode at the radiation surface of the ultra-wideband antenna to form a gradually-changed square slot fractal array; an antenna feed point is arranged at the center of the bottom edge of the array element antenna radiation patch;
the gradual change square slot fractal array at the radiation surface of the ultra-wideband antenna is characterized in that the square slots in the array gradually increase from one side to the other side, the working frequency ranges of the square slots are different, and the radiation frequency ranges of the square slots working at different frequency ranges are overlapped to form the working bandwidth of the ultra-wideband antenna;
the array element antenna is a small square nested slot fractal antenna; when the shape of the square nested slot fractal small antenna in the downward view direction is a 2-order gradually-changed square slot fractal structure, the 2-order gradually-changed square slot fractal structure is obtained by performing gradually-changed square slot fractal iteration in a square area;
the ultra-wideband antenna comprises a film substrate, an antenna radiation patch attached to the front surface of the film substrate, and an antenna ground plate attached to the back surface of the film substrate;
the film substrate is divided into a plurality of small areas according to a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the relative dielectric constant of each small area of the film substrate is different and gradually changes along the length direction and the width direction of the film substrate, so that the relative dielectric constant of the substrate of each array element antenna is different, the working frequency points of each array element antenna are different, the radiation frequency band and the working frequency band are mutually overlapped, the working frequency band with higher radiation intensity and working bandwidth is formed, and the radiation performance and the bandwidth performance of the antenna are improved.
2. The tapered square slot fractal array ultra-wideband antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the array element antenna radiation patch and the array element antenna grounding plate of the array element antenna radiation surface are printed by graphene conductive ink.
3. The tapered square slot fractal array ultra-wideband antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ultra-wideband antenna also comprises a potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet attached to the back of the antenna ground plate and an iron-based nanocrystalline alloy coating attached to the back of the potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet.
4. The tapered square slot fractal array ultra-wideband antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fractal structure of the gradually-changed square slot is a result obtained by performing 2-order fractal iteration on a square area with the size of 4.55 mm +/-0.05 mm multiplied by 4.55 mm +/-0.05 mm; the step of 2-order fractal iteration is as follows;
a1, performing 1-order gradual change square gap fractal iteration on the initial square area, equally dividing the square area into 13 rows and 13 columns of 169 small squares, removing 42 small squares in a specific row and column, and leaving 127 equally divided square areas to obtain a 1-order gradual change square gap fractal structure;
the small squares of the specific row and column include row 2, column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12,
column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12 of row 3,
row 4, column 10, column 11, column 12,
row 6, column 2, column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12,
line 7, column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12,
row 8, column 10, column 11, column 12,
row 10, column 2, column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12,
line 11, column 6, column 7, column 10, column 11, column 12,
the 12 th row, the 10 th column, the 11 th column and the 12 th column are all 42 small squares;
and A2, respectively carrying out gradual change square gap fractal iteration again according to the steps A1 on the 127 square areas left after the 1-order gradual change square gap fractal iteration, and obtaining a 2-order gradual change square gap fractal structure.
5. The tapered square slot fractal array ultra-wideband antenna as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the film substrate consists of 16 small areas which are at least 4 rows and 4 columns, and the relative dielectric constant of each small area of the film substrate is gradually changed along the length direction and the width direction of the film substrate; the small area with the minimum relative dielectric constant is positioned at the upper left corner of the film substrate, and the relative dielectric constant of the small area is 20.0; the small area with the maximum relative dielectric constant is positioned at the lower right corner of the film substrate, and the relative dielectric constant of the small area is 26.0; the relative dielectric constant of each thin film matrix small region gradually increases from left to right and from top to bottom, and the difference of the relative dielectric constant of two adjacent thin film matrix small regions is 1.0.
6. The tapered square slot fractal array ultra-wideband antenna as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the film substrate is formed by polyethylene terephthalate, is rectangular, has the size of 20 mm +/-0.1 mm multiplied by 20 mm +/-0.1 mm and has the thickness of 0.2 mm +/-0.02 mm.
7. The tapered square slot fractal array ultra-wideband antenna as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet is a potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet with low loss characteristics in a microwave frequency band, is rectangular, and has the dimensions of 20 mm +/-0.1 mm multiplied by 20 mm +/-0.1 mm, the thickness of 0.3 mm +/-0.1 mm and the relative dielectric constant of 200 +/-5.
8. The tapered square slot fractal array ultra-wideband antenna as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the size of the iron-based nanocrystalline alloy coating is the same as that of the potassium tantalate-niobate thin sheet, and the used iron-based nanocrystalline alloy is an amorphous low-loss high-permeability alloy material which is prepared by taking an iron element as a main component, adding a small amount of niobium, copper, silicon and boron elements and using a rapid solidification process.
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