CN109724931B - Real-time calibration spectrum sensing system and spectrum processing method thereof - Google Patents
Real-time calibration spectrum sensing system and spectrum processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a real-time calibration spectrum sensing system which comprises a slit sheet and an illumination light acquisition assembly. The slit sheet is sequentially provided with a long slit for transmitting incident object light and a short slit for transmitting incident illumination light along the vertical direction, and the vertical lengths of the long slit and the short slit are different; the front end of the long slit is provided with an imaging objective lens to form an object light incident light path; the illumination light collection component is positioned in front of the short slit and comprises a spectrum collection head, an optical fiber and a spectrum dispersion head, and the spectrum dispersion head is arranged at the front end of the short slit to form an illumination light incident light path; the object light incident light path and the illumination light incident light path are provided with a shared light splitting system and an imaging sensor at the rear end of the slit sheet, and the imaging sensor is provided with an object light imaging area corresponding to the object light incident light path and an illumination light imaging area corresponding to the illumination light incident light path and is also electrically connected with a main control board. The invention also discloses a spectrum processing method, which realizes the automatic real-time calibration of the light source by sharing the same light path.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spectrum sensing, in particular to a real-time calibration spectrum sensing system and a spectrum processing method thereof.
Background
The spectrum sensing system is a system for acquiring light carrying object information and processing the light to obtain a spectrum corresponding to the light, and the method for judging and analyzing the property of an object through the spectrum of the object has the advantages of high speed, good selectivity and high sensitivity, so that the spectrum sensing system is widely used. The spectrum is obtained and calculated according to the conventional spectrum such as reflection spectrum, transmission spectrum, fluorescence spectrum and the like.
The illumination light source of the system may have wavelength or intensity drift during use, and the state of the illumination light source has a great influence on the reliability of the acquired spectrum, so that the illumination light source needs to be calibrated frequently. There are three common ways of calibrating a light source: the calibration device is suitable for regular light source calibration of an artificial light source, reflective white board calibration of a natural light source and real-time acquisition calibration of the artificial light source and the natural light source. However, all three methods have obvious limitations, and the regular calibration of the illumination light source only reflects the current situation of calibration, but cannot make corresponding adjustments for real-time environmental changes. The reflection calibration of the white board requires the standard reflection board to be laid near the object to be measured, and is inconvenient to use. The conventional real-time acquisition calibration needs to be additionally provided with a set of spectrum sensing equipment, so that the equipment cost and weight are greatly increased, and the method can only be suitable for a large-scale spectrum sensing system with a fixed position. Therefore, it is necessary to design a spectrum sensing system with a real-time light source calibration function, so that the cost and the use difficulty of conventional spectrum calibration are reduced while the accuracy of spectrum data is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above problems, and to provide a real-time calibration spectrum sensing system, which can reflect the real-time status of a light source while acquiring the spectrum information of an object, perform automatic calibration, and integrate integrally without additional configuration of a new system.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the invention relates to a real-time calibration spectrum sensing system, which comprises a slit sheet and an illumination light collection assembly, and is characterized in that: the slit sheet is vertically and sequentially provided with a long slit for transmitting light of an incident object and a short slit for transmitting light of incident illumination light, and the long slit and the short slit are different in vertical length; the front end of the long slit is provided with an imaging objective lens, so that an object light incident light path is formed; the illuminating light collection assembly is positioned in front of the short slit and comprises a spectrum collection head, an optical fiber and a spectrum dispersion head, and the spectrum dispersion head is arranged at the front end of the short slit so as to form an illuminating light incident light path;
the imaging sensor is provided with an object light imaging area corresponding to the object light incident light path and an illumination light imaging area corresponding to the illumination light incident light path, and the imaging sensor is also electrically connected with a main control board.
Further, in the real-time calibration spectrum sensing system, the distance from the upper end edge of the long slit to the lower end edge of the short slit is the same as the vertical length of the imaging sensor and is 1-35mm.
Further, in the real-time calibration spectrum sensing system, the vertical length of the short slit is 0.01-10% of the vertical length of the long slit.
Further, in the real-time calibration spectrum sensing system, the widths of the short slits and the long slits are 5-100 μm.
Further, in the real-time calibration spectrum sensing system, the vertical length of the object light imaging area is the same as that of the long slit.
Further, in the real-time calibration spectrum sensing system, the vertical length of the illumination light imaging area is the same as that of the short slit.
Furthermore, the real-time calibration spectrum sensing system also comprises an illumination light source which can adopt a natural light source or an artificial light source.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a spectrum processing method for a real-time calibration spectrum sensing system, which can realize synchronous acquisition and automatic calibration of spectral information of an object and spectral information of an illumination light source, effectively avoid the problems of wavelength or intensity drift of the illumination light source, and improve the accuracy of the spectral information.
The invention relates to a spectrum processing method of a real-time calibration spectrum sensing system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting a spectrum curve of the illuminating light:
the spectrum acquisition head acquires illumination light, the illumination light is transmitted to the spectrum emission head through an optical fiber, is incident to the short slit of the slit sheet, is subjected to spectrum splitting through the light splitting system, and finally, on an illumination light imaging area of the imaging sensor, gray values of the illumination light at different pixel points are acquired and are subjected to normalization processing, so that a spectrum correction value intensity curve is obtained;
s2: spectral curve of collected object light:
the illumination light is reflected or transmitted to a shot object to form object light, the object light passes through the imaging objective lens and enters the long slit of the slit sheet, the light splitting system is used for carrying out spectrum splitting, and finally, an object light spectrum intensity curve is obtained in an object light imaging area of the imaging sensor;
s3: spectral difference processing:
the main control board judges to adopt a corresponding spectrum difference processing mode on the spectrum data according to the current running state, and the processing mode is divided into real-time processing and post-processing;
when a real-time processing mode is adopted, the main control board acquires the spectral correction value intensity curve obtained in the step S1 and the object light spectral intensity curve obtained in the step S2 from the imaging sensor, difference processing is carried out, and calibrated real spectral data are obtained and stored;
when a post-processing mode is adopted, the main control board acquires and stores pictures including object light spectrum information and illumination light spectrum information from the imaging sensor, and after acquisition is finished, the pictures are transmitted to other computers for processing or the main control board directly calls the pictures for differential processing to obtain and store calibrated real spectrum data.
Further, in the spectrum processing method of the present invention, when the object light collected in step S2 is formed by reflection, step S3 is based on the reflection spectrum difference algorithm formula R ref-sample ＝R ref /R source Calculating to obtain the calibrated reflection spectrum of the object, wherein R ref-sample Reflectance spectrum, R, calibrated for an object ref Is the spectral intensity curve of object light in reflection, R source The intensity curve is corrected for the spectrum of the illumination light.
Further, in the spectrum processing method of the present invention, when the object light collected in step S2 is formed by transmission, step S3 is based on the transmission spectrum difference algorithm formula R trans-sample ＝R trans /R source Calculating to obtain the transmission spectrum of the object after calibration, wherein R trans-sample Transmission spectrum, R, calibrated for object trans Is the spectral intensity curve of object light in transmission, R source The intensity curve is corrected for the spectrum of the illumination light.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention designs a double-slit structure, realizes the synchronous acquisition of the object signal light and the illumination light source, measures the spectrum information of the illumination light source while acquiring the object spectrum information, realizes the automatic real-time calibration function of the light source, can effectively avoid the problem that the spectrum measurement accuracy is influenced by the drift of the wavelength or the intensity of the light source, and is simultaneously suitable for artificial light sources and natural light sources.
2. The object light and the illuminating light share one light path after being incident to the slit sheet, so that the system is not additionally burdened while real-time calibration is realized, and the device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, extremely high flexibility, great technical development and application space and wide market prospect.
3. The invention can realize the collection of the reflection spectrum or the transmission spectrum, calls different difference algorithm formulas to correct, is suitable for reflection and absorption spectrum sensing systems and has high adaptability.
4. The invention has a spectrum differential processing mode combining real-time processing and post-processing, can be automatically selected according to the current states of the main control board, such as the operation speed, the resolution ratio and the like, gives consideration to the requirements of system bearing capacity and high-speed real-time processing, and is more flexible, reasonable and scientific.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the slit sheet according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the imaging sensor according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the real-time calibration spectrum sensing system according to the present embodiment includes an illumination light source 1, a slit sheet 2, and an illumination light collection assembly. The illumination light source 1 can adopt a natural light source or an artificial light source, and the illumination light collected by the system can be natural light or artificial light. The slit sheet 2 is made of a metal sheet which is not limited to a circular shape, a long slit 201 used for transmitting light of an incident object and a short slit 202 used for transmitting light of incident illumination light are arranged on the slit sheet 2 along the vertical direction in sequence, the long slit 201 and the short slit 202 are arranged next to each other, and the two vertical lengths are different.
The front end of the long slit 201 is provided with an imaging objective lens 3, so that an object light incident light path is formed, the illumination light collection assembly is positioned in front of the short slit 202 and comprises a spectrum collection head 4, an optical fiber 5 and a spectrum dispersion head 6, and the spectrum dispersion head 6 is positioned at the front end of the short slit 202, so that an illumination light incident light path is formed. It should be noted that the divergence angle of the fiber diverging head 6 should match the design field angle to prevent light beyond the design field angle from affecting the final imaging quality.
And a shared light splitting system 7 and an imaging sensor 8 are arranged at the rear end of the slit sheet 2 of the object light incident light path and the illumination light incident light path. As shown in fig. 3, the imaging sensor 8 has an object light imaging region 801 corresponding to an object light incident light path and an illumination light imaging region 802 corresponding to an illumination light incident light path, and the imaging sensor 8 is electrically connected to a main control board (not shown in the figure).
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the distance from the upper end edge of the long slit 201 to the lower end edge of the short slit 202 is the same as the vertical length of the imaging sensor 8, and is 1-35mm. The vertical length of the short slit 202 is 0.01-10% of the vertical length of the long slit 201. The widths of the short slits 202 and the long slits 201 are 5-100 μm, and can be set according to specific parameters of equipment so as to fully utilize field resources.
Based on the spectrum sensing system calibrated in real time, the embodiment further provides a spectrum processing method, which includes the following steps:
s1: collecting the spectral curve of the illumination light:
the spectrum collecting head 4 collects illumination light, the illumination light is transmitted to the spectrum scattering head 6 through the optical fiber 5, is incident to the short slit 202 of the slit sheet 2, is subjected to spectrum splitting through the light splitting system 7, and finally, on the illumination light imaging area 802 of the imaging sensor 8, gray values of the illumination light at different pixel points are obtained and are subjected to normalization processing, so that a spectrum correction value intensity curve is obtained.
S2: spectral curve of collected object light:
the illumination light is reflected or transmitted to a shot object to form object light, the object light passes through the imaging objective lens 3, enters the long slit 201 of the slit sheet 2, is subjected to spectral splitting through the light splitting system 7, and finally, on an object light imaging area 801 of the imaging sensor 8, an object light spectral intensity curve is obtained. It should be noted that different spectral curves are provided at different positions of the object.
S3: spectral difference processing:
the main control board judges to adopt a corresponding spectrum difference processing mode for the spectrum data according to the current running state, and the processing mode comprises real-time processing and post-processing. Selecting real-time processing under the condition that the processing speed of the main control board is enough; under the condition of high-speed storage or high resolution, the main control board cannot process the spectral data in real time, and post-processing is selected at the moment.
When the real-time processing mode is adopted, the main control board acquires the spectrum correction value curve obtained in the step S1 and the object spectrum curve obtained in the step S2 from the imaging sensor 8, difference processing is carried out, and calibrated real spectrum data are obtained and stored.
When a post-processing mode is adopted, the main control board acquires and stores pictures including object light spectrum information and illumination light spectrum information from the imaging sensor, and after acquisition is finished, the pictures are transmitted to other computers for processing or the main control board directly calls the pictures for differential processing to obtain and store calibrated real spectrum data.
When the object light collected in the step S2 is formed by reflection, the step S3 is carried out according to a reflection spectrum difference algorithm formula R ref-sample ＝R ref /R source Calculating to obtain the calibrated reflection spectrum of the object, wherein R ref-sample Reflectance spectrum, R, calibrated for an object ref Is the spectral intensity curve of object light in reflection, R source The intensity curve is corrected for the spectrum of the illumination light.
When the object light collected in the step S2 is formed by transmission, the step S3 is carried out according to a transmission spectrum difference algorithm formula R trans-sample ＝R trans /R source Calculating to obtain the transmission spectrum of the object after calibration, wherein R trans-sample Transmission spectrum, R, calibrated for object trans Is the spectral intensity curve of object light in transmission, R source The intensity curve is a spectrally corrected amount of the illumination light.
Example 2
The relationship between the lengths of the object light imaging region 801 and the illumination light imaging region 802 and the lengths of the two slits depends to some extent on the structures of the imaging objective lens 3, the spectral dispersion head 6, the light splitting system 7 and the imaging sensor 8. As one of the preferred embodiments, in the present embodiment, the vertical length of the object light imaging region 801 is the same as the vertical length of the long slit 201, and the vertical length of the illumination light imaging region 802 is the same as the vertical length of the short slit 202.
The invention can be widely applied to various spectrum acquisition and analysis equipment adopting multi-spectrum-band illumination, single-spectrum-band illumination and slits, such as a hyperspectral imaging spectrometer, a surface feature spectrometer and a conventional spectrometer. The application scenes comprise spectrum detection of outdoor plants, water bodies, geology and atmosphere, and spectrum detection of machine vision, industrial sorting, criminal investigation, customs inspection and the like in an indoor environment, and the market prospect is wide.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can modify or change the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention are covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a real-time spectral sensing system who calibrates, includes slit piece, illumination light collection assembly, its characterized in that: the slit sheet is vertically and sequentially provided with a long slit for transmitting light of an incident object and a short slit for transmitting light of incident illumination light, and the long slit and the short slit are different in vertical length; the front end of the long slit is provided with an imaging objective lens, so that an object light incident light path is formed; the illumination light collection component is positioned in front of the short slit and comprises a spectrum collection head, an optical fiber and a spectrum dispersion head, and the spectrum dispersion head is arranged at the front end of the short slit so as to form an illumination light incident light path;
the object light incident light path and the illumination light incident light path are provided with a shared light splitting system and an imaging sensor at the rear end of the slit sheet, the imaging sensor is provided with an object light imaging area corresponding to the object light incident light path and an illumination light imaging area corresponding to the illumination light incident light path, the object light imaging area is used for acquiring an object light spectral intensity curve, and the illumination light imaging area is used for acquiring gray values of illumination light at different pixel points and performing normalization processing to obtain a spectral correction value intensity curve; the imaging sensor is also electrically connected with a main control board, and the main control board is used for judging to adopt a corresponding spectrum difference processing mode to the spectrum data according to the current running state, and the processing mode comprises real-time processing and post-processing; when a real-time processing mode is adopted, the main control board acquires a spectrum correction value intensity curve and an object light spectrum intensity curve from the imaging sensor to perform differential processing, and real spectrum data after calibration is obtained and stored; when a post-processing mode is adopted, the main control board acquires and stores pictures including object light spectrum information and illumination light spectrum information from the imaging sensor, and after acquisition is finished, the pictures are transmitted to other computers for processing or the main control board directly calls the pictures for differential processing to obtain and store calibrated real spectrum data.
2. The real-time calibrated spectral sensing system of claim 1, wherein: the distance from the upper end edge of the long slit to the lower end edge of the short slit is the same as the vertical length of the imaging sensor and is 1-35mm.
3. The real-time calibrated spectral sensing system of claim 1, wherein: the vertical length of the short slit is 0.01-10% of the vertical length of the long slit.
4. The real-time calibrated spectral sensing system of claim 1, wherein: the width of the short slit and the width of the long slit are 5-100 mu m.
5. The real-time calibrated spectral sensing system of claim 1, wherein: the vertical length of the object light imaging area is the same as that of the long slit.
6. The real-time calibrated spectral sensing system of claim 1, wherein: the vertical length of the illumination light imaging area is the same as that of the short slit.
7. The real-time calibrated spectral sensing system of claim 1, wherein: also comprises an illuminating light source.
8. A method for spectral processing of a real-time calibrated spectral sensing system according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting a spectrum curve of the illuminating light:
the spectrum acquisition head acquires illumination light, the illumination light is transmitted to the spectrum emission head through an optical fiber, is incident to the short slit of the slit sheet, is subjected to spectrum splitting through the light splitting system, and finally, on an illumination light imaging area of the imaging sensor, gray values of the illumination light at different pixel points are acquired and are subjected to normalization processing, so that a spectrum correction value intensity curve is obtained;
s2: spectral curve of collected object light:
the illumination light is reflected or transmitted to a shot object to form object light, the object light passes through the imaging objective lens and enters the long slit of the slit sheet, the light splitting system is used for carrying out spectrum splitting, and finally, an object light spectrum intensity curve is obtained in an object light imaging area of the imaging sensor;
s3: spectral difference processing:
the main control board judges to adopt a corresponding spectrum difference processing mode on the spectrum data according to the current running state, and the processing mode is divided into real-time processing and post-processing;
when a real-time processing mode is adopted, the main control board acquires the spectral correction value intensity curve obtained in the step S1 and the object light spectral intensity curve obtained in the step S2 from the imaging sensor, difference processing is carried out, and calibrated real spectral data are obtained and stored;
when a post-processing mode is adopted, the main control board acquires and stores pictures including object light spectrum information and illumination light spectrum information from the imaging sensor, and after acquisition is finished, the pictures are transmitted to other computers for processing or the main control board directly calls the pictures for differential processing to obtain and store calibrated real spectrum data.
9. The spectral processing method of claim 8, wherein: when the object light collected in the step S2 is formed by reflection, the step S3 is carried out according to a reflection spectrum difference algorithm formula R ref-sample ＝R ref /R source Calculating to obtain the calibrated reflection spectrum of the object, wherein R ref-sample Reflectance spectrum, R, calibrated for an object ref Is the spectral intensity curve of object light in reflection, R source The intensity curve is corrected for the spectrum of the illumination light.
10. The spectral processing method of claim 8, wherein: when the object light collected in the step S2 is formed by transmission, the step S3 is carried out according to a transmission spectrum difference algorithm formula R trans-sample ＝R trans /R source Calculating to obtain the calibrated transmission spectrum of the object, wherein R trans-sample Transmission spectrum, R, calibrated for the object trans Is the spectral intensity curve of object light in transmission, R source The intensity curve is corrected for the spectrum of the illumination light.
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| JP3702889B2 (en) * | 2003-08-21 | 2005-10-05 | コニカミノルタセンシング株式会社 | Spectrometer and spectroscopic device correction method |
| CN101109699B (en) * | 2007-07-28 | 2010-09-15 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Multiple shaft differential optical absorption spectrometry method and apparatus for detecting vertical distribution of atmospheric composition |
| JP2016057348A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-04-21 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Microscope device |
| CN204115867U (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-01-21 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of spectral measurement device improving luminous flux |
| CN106706131A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-05-24 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Double-incident slit high-resolution imaging spectral system |
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| JP2001324383A (en) * | 2000-05-15 | 2001-11-22 | Inst Of Physical & Chemical Res | Spectrometric device |
| CN104792414A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-07-22 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Convex grating Offner structure double-slit multispectral system |
| CN106525237A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-03-22 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Multi-slit multispectral system of crossed Czerny-Turner structure |
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