CN109707424B - Flexible self-anchored prestressed anchor rod with reverse hook claw - Google Patents
Flexible self-anchored prestressed anchor rod with reverse hook claw Download PDFInfo
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- CN109707424B CN109707424B CN201910135683.4A CN201910135683A CN109707424B CN 109707424 B CN109707424 B CN 109707424B CN 201910135683 A CN201910135683 A CN 201910135683A CN 109707424 B CN109707424 B CN 109707424B
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- sleeve
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- anchor rod
- claw
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- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible self-anchored prestressed anchor rod with reverse claws, which comprises a rod body, wherein the top end of the rod body is in threaded connection with a sleeve, a movable base is arranged in the sleeve, the lower surface of the movable base is fixedly connected with an elastic element, the upper surface of the movable base is fixedly connected with a group of reverse claws, the claw heads of the reverse claws extend out of the sleeve, and the hook handles of the reverse claws are in matched connection with a bearing ring arranged at the top end of the sleeve through a serrated clamping groove. The invention has simple structure and ingenious design, fully exerts the characteristic of flexible support of the prestressed anchor rod, optimizes the configuration of the support rigidity and the support strength of the support-surrounding rock system, provides the prestress by the mechanical embedding force between the anchoring end and the wall of the anchoring matrix, ensures that the prestress is uniformly and synchronously born on the anchoring end device by matching with the ingenious structure of the anchoring end, and increases the prestress of the anchor rod: the self-anchored type anchor can be carried out along with the deformation of the surrounding rock of the wall of the hole or the change of the stress field, and the requirement of the modern support theory on the support opportunity is fully met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering anchor rod anchoring, in particular to a flexible self-anchored prestressed anchor rod with reverse hook claws.
Background
In the field of geotechnical engineering, the prestressed anchor rod is used as a flexible supporting rock-soil body structure reinforcing technology, and is widely applied to projects such as building foundation pits, side slopes, mine tunnels, reservoir dams and the like. Modern support theory considers that the rock-soil body and the support structure are considered as a composite system consisting of two materials to jointly exert the bearing function, and the support-surrounding rock system is allowed to generate limited coordinated deformation so as to exert the self-bearing capacity of surrounding rock to the maximum extent and reduce the bearing capacity of the support structure, namely the prestress anchor rod is considered to have the characteristic of flexible support. The key of the prestressed anchor rod to play a role in flexible support is how to correctly process the problems of support strength and support rigidity of a composite system formed by a support-surrounding rock system.
The common prestressed anchor rods in the current engineering comprise a mechanical expansion shell prestressed anchor rod, a resin prestressed anchor rod, a cement cartridge prestressed anchor rod and the like.
The mechanical expansion shell anchor rod is suitable for hard surrounding rock, prestress is provided by means of mechanical embedding force between the expansion shell and the surrounding rock of the hole wall, once the surrounding rock with limited area, which is in rigid contact with the wedge expansion shell, is deformed or destroyed, the anchor rod is easily caused to be loosened, the prestress is seriously lost in a short time, the prestress loss is caused due to insufficient supporting rigidity of a composite system, the time and the labor are wasted in later support operation of the anchor rod, the optimal supporting time is missed, and the supporting effect and the economic benefit are greatly reduced.
The resin prestress anchor rod and the cement explosive roll prestress anchor rod are mainly filled with gaps existing in a composite system through slurry, so that the contact area between an anchoring end and the wall of an anchoring matrix cavity is enlarged, the supporting rigidity of the composite system is increased by changing phases, the type of anchor rod anchoring does not belong to the category of flexible supporting in a certain sense, because the flexible supporting emphasizes that a supporting-surrounding rock system is allowed to generate limited coordinated deformation, no matter a resin material or a cement material is used as solidification slurry, the overall rigidity is large after solidification, once the external environment changes to enable the surrounding rock stress field to change so as to cause cracking of slurry, rock or slurry-rock contact surface in a certain range, the pulling action of the external prestress is extremely easy to cause the linkage cracking and the breaking of the whole composite system, the anchor rod anchoring force is gradually reduced or even lost, and the anchor rod is difficult to meet the requirement of the supporting-surrounding rock system which is allowed to generate limited coordinated deformation in a similar manner, and the supporting-surrounding rock system has the problem of insufficient supporting strength caused by the excessively high supporting rigidity; furthermore, the solidification period of the grout can lead to longer construction period, and the modern support theory has paid more attention to the support opportunity problem of the rock-soil body structure, so that for the projects needing to consider the support opportunity, the similar grouting anchor rods can possibly lead us to lose the optimal support opportunity, and for certain emergency projects such as landslide, surrounding rock collapse and the like needing to provide instantaneous support force, the grouting anchor rods can not be applied.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the flexible self-anchored prestressed anchor rod with the reverse hook, which optimally solves the problems of 'supporting strength' and 'supporting rigidity' of a supporting-surrounding rock composite system, so that the external prestress can be synchronously and uniformly borne on an anchoring end, and the design strength of the prestressed anchor rod is effectively improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention may adopt the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a flexible self-anchored prestressed anchor rod with reverse claws, which comprises a rod body, wherein the top end of the rod body is in threaded connection with a sleeve, a movable base is arranged in the sleeve, the lower surface of the movable base is fixedly connected with an elastic element, the upper surface of the movable base is fixedly connected with a group of reverse claws, the claw heads of the reverse claws extend out of the sleeve, and the hook handles of the reverse claws are in matched connection with a bearing ring arranged at the top end of the sleeve through a serrated clamping groove.
The rod body is in threaded connection in the sleeve, and the top of the rod body is provided with a groove matched with the elastic element.
The reverse claw is an outward-expansion-shaped hook-shaped structure made of high-elasticity stainless steel and is uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the bearing ring.
The serrated clamping groove is of a one-way locking structure, and the reverse hook claw moves upwards in one way relative to the bearing ring.
The flexible self-anchored prestressed anchor rod with the reverse hook jaw has the advantages that the structure is simple, the design is ingenious, the characteristic of flexible support of the prestressed anchor rod is fully exerted, the support rigidity and the support strength of a support-surrounding rock system are optimized, the prestress is provided through the mechanical embedding force between the anchoring end and the wall of the anchoring matrix, the prestress is uniformly and synchronously borne on the anchoring end device by matching with the ingenious structure of the anchoring end, and the prestress of the anchor rod is increased: on one hand, the rod body can be firmly anchored in the surrounding rock of the wall of the hole, and can be self-anchored along with the deformation of the surrounding rock of the wall of the hole or the change of a stress field, so that the stability of the whole support-surrounding rock composite system is effectively protected; on the other hand, the device can be immediately prestressed and tensioned to provide instantaneous anchoring force, so that the requirement of the modern supporting theory on supporting time is fully met, and the device is very suitable for instantaneous or permanent anchoring supporting of projects such as slopes, dams, underground chambers and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the reverse hook and the movable base of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the carrier ring of fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the load ring and the counter-hook of FIG. 1 in mating engagement by a serrated slot.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention in an anchored state. .
In the figure: 1-a sleeve; 2-a rod body; 3-a movable base; 4-an elastic element; 5-reverse hook claw; 6-a bearing ring; 7-a sawtooth-shaped clamping groove; 8-an outer anchoring piece.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-5, the flexible self-anchored prestressed anchor rod with the reverse hook comprises a sleeve 1 and a rod body 2, wherein the top end of the rod body 2 is in threaded connection with the sleeve 1 and is jacked in or retreated out by screwing, and the tail part of the rod body 2 extends to the outer side of a rock-soil body and is connected with an outer anchoring piece 8. The sleeve 1 is internally provided with a movable base 3, and the lower surface of the movable base 3 is fixedly connected with a compression spring serving as an elastic element 4. The compression spring can be in free contact with the top of the rod body 2, and the position and compression amount of the compression spring in the sleeve 1 can be controlled by jacking or withdrawing the rod body 2, and the movable base 3 can be pushed to move upwards. In order to ensure that the compression spring is located at the central axis, a groove matched with the outer diameter of the compression spring is formed in the top of the rod body 2.
The upper surface welding of movable base 3 has three along circumference evenly distributed's reverse claw 5, and reverse claw 5 is outer expanding hooked structure, and every hooked claw head all extends outside sleeve 1, and the shank then passes through sawtooth form draw-in groove 7 cooperation connection with the carrier ring 6 of spiro union at sleeve 1 top. The bearing ring 6 is preferably a stainless steel ring with a height greater than 40 mm and a thickness greater than 15 mm. Before anchoring, the shank is retracted into the sleeve 1 and has a strong outward flicking tendency, and when anchoring operation is performed, the shank extends out of the sleeve 1 and pops outwards along with the upward movement of the movable base 3, so that the serrated clamping groove 7.1 on the outer side of the shank is tightly attached to the serrated clamping groove 7.2 on the inner edge of the bearing ring 6, and simultaneously, the claw heads are outwards stretched and embedded into surrounding rocks of the hole wall. When the special design is adopted, the anchor rod mainly depends on the mechanical anchoring force between the claw head and the surrounding rock of the hole wall to provide prestress, so that when the prestress requirement is larger, the requirement on the rigidity of the claw head is higher; meanwhile, as the anchoring stability and the anchoring force of the claw heads in the surrounding rock of the hole wall depend on the unfolding degree of the claw heads in the surrounding rock of the hole wall to a certain extent, the requirement on elasticity of the hook handle is high in a specific design process, and the reverse claw 5 is made of high-elasticity stainless steel (SUS 301 stainless steel materials with high rigidity and strength can be preferentially selected). In order to make the reverse claw 5 move upwards unidirectionally relative to the bearing ring 6, the serrated clamping groove 7 adopts a unidirectional locking structure. Specifically, the teeth of the saw-tooth-shaped clamping grooves 7.1 on the outer side of the hook handle are all obliquely downwards, the saw-tooth-shaped clamping grooves 7.2 on the inner edge of the bearing ring 6 are all obliquely upwards, and when the reverse hook claw 5 moves upwards, the saw-tooth-shaped clamping grooves 7.1 on the outer side of the hook handle and the saw-tooth-shaped clamping grooves 7.2 on the inner edge of the bearing ring 6 are mutually matched to form locking, so that the downward movement of the reverse hook claw 5 can be fully prevented.
When the device is used, firstly, the device is implanted into a drilled hole, then the outer anchoring piece 8 is rotated to drive the rod body 2 to rotate and jack in, the compression spring is pushed to move upwards and increase the compression amount of the compression spring, the movable base 3 moves upwards along with the compression spring, and the claw heads of the reverse claw 5 extend outwards continuously along the sawtooth-shaped clamping grooves 7.2 at the inner edge of the bearing ring 6 and are unfolded and embedded into surrounding rocks of the hole wall to provide prestress; the embedding force between the claw heads of the upward-moving reverse claw 5 and the surrounding rock of the hole wall is gradually increased along with the continuous rotation of the rod body 2, and the rotation quantity of the rod body 2 can be adjusted according to the prestress design strength of the anchor rod in practical application.
When the prestress is applied, the prestress is transmitted to the bearing ring 6 by the rod body 2 through the sleeve 1, and the prestress is balanced by the embedding force on the reverse hook claw 5 transmitted by the serrated clamping groove 7 of the bearing ring 6, so that the prestress is anchored; the bearing ring 6 can balance the embedding force of the anchoring end and the prestress on one hand, and on the other hand, the bearing ring 6 can enable the stress of the three reverse claws 5 to be synchronous and uniform and uniformly transmit the embedding force of the claw heads in the surrounding rock of the hole wall to the bearing ring 6; the claw heads are tightly clamped with the sawtooth-shaped clamping grooves 7.2 at the inner edge of the bearing ring 6, so that the claw heads are effectively prevented from being pulled into the sleeve 1 again when being pulled; the high-elastic characteristic of the hook handle can ensure that the serrated clamping groove 7.1 at the outer side of the hook handle can be tightly attached to the bearing ring 6 all the time so as to ensure that the claw head can be stably embedded in surrounding rock of the hole wall; the rod body 2 and the compression spring are in free contact in the groove, and the compression spring is prevented from rotating along with the rotation of the rod body 2, so that the compression spring is prevented from being damaged due to excessive rotation.
Further, after the prestressing force is applied, when the external stress field changes to change the stress state of the surrounding rock of the hole wall or the whole supporting and surrounding rock system, the high elasticity of the compression spring can change the compression amount of the compression spring, so that the embedding degree of the claw heads of the reverse claw 5 in the surrounding rock of the hole wall is controlled to perform self-anchored anchoring, the stress state of the composite system is changed to adapt to the change of the external stress field, the whole supporting and surrounding rock system is protected from being damaged, the supporting rigidity is reduced to a certain extent, the supporting strength is increased, and the whole device can effectively prevent serious loss of prestressing force in a short time by self-anchored anchoring.
Further, when the actual engineering needs to recover the anchor rod, the rod body 2 can be separated from the sleeve 1 only by rotating the rod body 2 anticlockwise, and then the rod body 2 is pulled out, part of the devices can be recovered, the formation of underground garbage is reduced, the adverse effects of the anchor supporting engineering on the construction of adjacent plots and the long-distance planning and sustainable development of cities are greatly reduced, and the economic benefit and the social benefit are greatly improved.
Claims (3)
1. A flexible self-anchored prestressed anchor rod with reverse hook claw is characterized in that: the anti-hooking device comprises a rod body (2) with a sleeve (1) in threaded connection with the top end, wherein a movable base (3) is arranged in the sleeve (1), an elastic element (4) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the movable base (3), a group of anti-hooking claws (5) are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the movable base (3), the claw heads of the anti-hooking claws (5) extend out of the sleeve (1), and the hook handles of the anti-hooking claws (5) are connected with a bearing ring (6) arranged at the top end of the sleeve (1) in a matched manner through a serrated clamping groove (7);
the top of the rod body (2) is provided with a groove matched with the elastic element (4), and the rod body (2) and the elastic element (4) are in free contact in the groove.
2. A flexible self-anchoring prestressed anchor with reverse hook as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reverse claw (5) is an outward-expansion-shaped hook-shaped structure made of high-elasticity stainless steel, and is uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the bearing ring (6).
3. A flexible self-anchoring prestressed anchor with reverse hook as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the serrated clamping groove (7) is of a one-way locking structure, and the reverse claw (5) moves upwards in one way relative to the bearing ring (6).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910135683.4A CN109707424B (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2019-02-25 | Flexible self-anchored prestressed anchor rod with reverse hook claw |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910135683.4A CN109707424B (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2019-02-25 | Flexible self-anchored prestressed anchor rod with reverse hook claw |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109707424A CN109707424A (en) | 2019-05-03 |
| CN109707424B true CN109707424B (en) | 2024-02-23 |
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| CN201910135683.4A Active CN109707424B (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2019-02-25 | Flexible self-anchored prestressed anchor rod with reverse hook claw |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113006846B (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2023-08-18 | 江苏麦廊新材料科技有限公司 | Recoverable anchor rod device and using method thereof |
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