CN109703358A - A kind of battery-operated motor cycle and its power assembly, control method - Google Patents
A kind of battery-operated motor cycle and its power assembly, control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109703358A CN109703358A CN201910156373.0A CN201910156373A CN109703358A CN 109703358 A CN109703358 A CN 109703358A CN 201910156373 A CN201910156373 A CN 201910156373A CN 109703358 A CN109703358 A CN 109703358A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of battery-operated motor cycle and its power assembly, control method, wherein, the power assembly includes motor, gearbox and clutch, and the gearbox has several gears, and the clutch can connect the input shaft of the shaft of the motor, the gearbox.Power assembly provided by the present invention further includes gearbox, gearbox has several gears, different speed ratios can be provided, motor can be made to remain efficient working condition in biggish vehicle speed intervals by gear switching, it can largely avoid motor long-term work in limit speed state, the time that power battery pack heavy-current discharge can be reduced, advantageously ensure that the cruising ability and service life of power battery pack.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery-operated motor cycle technical fields, and in particular to a kind of battery-operated motor cycle and its power assembly, control
Method.
Background technique
Currently, the electric drive method that battery-operated motor cycle generallys use is motor driven constant-speed ratio, in the item of constant-speed ratio driving
Under part, motor can only provide the torque of reasonable reduction ratio under a certain specific operation, be only capable of carrying out within the scope of narrow range efficient
Work, will such as meet battery-operated motor cycle for the torque request of complex working condition, can not only be taken into account by constantly increasing motor speed
It is large current discharge the harm to battery, motor is driven using the peak power of motor, peak torque and peak value high current,
Corresponding torque can be obtained to meet the needs of actual condition, but this undoubtedly to will lead to that the motor feels hot high, service efficiency and
Service life decline, in turn results in the sharply decline of limited and precious power battery pack capacitance, seriously affects power battery pack
Cruising ability and recyclable charging times.
Therefore, how a kind of scheme is provided, is still those skilled in the art's technology urgently to be resolved to overcome drawbacks described above
Problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of battery-operated motor cycle and its power assemblies, control method, wherein the electric motorcycle
The power assembly of vehicle is equipped with gearbox, can provide multiple gears, motor can be made in biggish speed by gear switching
Efficient working condition is remained in section, advantageously ensures that the cruising ability and service life of power battery pack.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle, including motor, gearbox
And clutch, the gearbox have several gears, the clutch can connect the shaft of the motor, the gearbox
Input shaft.
Power assembly provided by the present invention further includes gearbox, and gearbox has several gears, can provide different
Speed ratio can make motor remain efficient working condition in biggish vehicle speed intervals by gear switching, can be compared with
It avoids motor long-term work in limit speed state to big degree, the time of power battery pack heavy-current discharge can be reduced, favorably
In the cruising ability and service life that guarantee power battery pack.
Optionally, the clutch is electromagnetic clutch.
It optionally, further include controller, the controller has speed interface and handle angle interface；The speed interface
It is connect with vehicle speed sensor signal, suitable for receiving the speed for the battery-operated motor cycle that the vehicle speed sensor measures, described turn
Angle interface is connect with handle angular transducer signal, described electronic is rubbed suitable for receive that the handle angular transducer measures
The corner of the handle of motorcycle, the controller are suitable for the output shift prompt when the speed, the corner meet shift condition
Information.
Optionally, the shift condition includes upshift condition and downshift condition；The upshift condition are as follows: the speed is greater than
Or it is equal to maximum gear speed, the corner more than or equal to the first setting corner；The downshift condition are as follows: the speed is less than
Or it is equal to minimum gear speed, the corner less than or equal to the second setting corner；Wherein, the first setting corner is greater than institute
State the second setting corner.
Optionally, the controller also has clutch interface, and the clutch interface connect with the clutch engagement signal, is suitable for
Receive switching signal clutch engagement or disconnected；The controller is also connect with the motor signal, suitable for exporting
The rotation speed change that the motor is controlled after shift prompt information and when the switching signal is cut-off signal, so that the motor
Revolving speed be adapted with the revolving speed of input shaft described after shift.
Optionally, the controller includes computing module, and the computing module is stored with revolving speed calculation formula, the control
Device is further adapted for controlling the rotation speed change of the motor according to the calculated result of the computing module；The revolving speed calculation formula are as follows:
na=n1×id’/id, wherein naFor the revolving speed of the motor after regulation, n1For the revolving speed for regulating and controlling the preceding motor, idIt is current
The transmission ratio of the power assembly, i under geard' be shift after the power assembly transmission ratio.
Optionally, the controller is further adapted for controlling the engagement or disconnection of the clutch, and the controller is suitable in institute
It states and controls the clutch disconnection when speed is greater than maximum gear speed, the corner is less than or equal to the second setting corner.
Optionally, the controller also has brake interface, and the brake interface is connect with brake gear signal, suitable for connecing
Receive the signal whether brake gear starts；The controller is further adapted for the brake gear is inactive, the corner is small
Corner, current shift, which are set, in or equal to described second controls the clutch as top gear and when the speed is greater than setting speed
Device disconnects.
Optionally, the gearbox includes the input shaft, output shaft and several shift gears pair being meshed, described defeated
Enter axis and the output shaft is parallel to each other, for the shift gear to including driving gear and driven gear, the driving gear is solid
Dingan County is loaded on the input shaft, and the driven gear is set in the output shaft；The output shaft is additionally provided at least one synchronization
Device, the synchronizer can be connected with the corresponding driven gear.
Optionally, an end of the clutch is connected with the shaft, and the other end is connected with motor-driven gear,
The input shaft is connected with input gear, and the motor-driven gear is meshed with the input gear.
The present invention also provides a kind of battery-operated motor cycle, including power assembly, the power assembly is above-mentioned electric motorcycle
The power assembly of vehicle.
Since the power assembly of above-mentioned motorcycle has been provided with technical effect as above, then, there is the power assembly
Battery-operated motor cycle also when having similar technical effect, therefore this will not be repeated here.
The present invention also provides a kind of control methods of battery-operated motor cycle, suitable for above-mentioned battery-operated motor cycle, the control
Method includes the following steps: step S1, obtains the speed of the battery-operated motor cycle, the corner of handle and current shift；Step
S2, judges whether the speed, the corner meet shift condition, if so, executing step S3；Step S3, output shift prompt
Signal；Step S4 obtains switching signal clutch engagement or disconnected, if the switching signal is cut-off signal, executes
Step S5；Step S5 controls the rotation speed change of the motor, so that the revolving speed at the clutch both ends being capable of phase after shift
Matching；Step S6 controls the clutch engagement.
The control method of battery-operated motor cycle provided by the present invention can carry out battery-operated motor cycle when meeting shift condition
Shift, and shift when, the revolving speed of motor can be regulated and controled, enable shift after clutch both ends revolving speed phase
Match, and then the stationarity of shift process can be greatly improved, avoid shift shock, and can reduce the mill at clutch both ends
Damage, is conducive to extend the service life of clutch.
Optionally, the shift condition includes upshift condition and downshift condition；The upshift condition are as follows: the speed is greater than
Or it is equal to maximum gear speed, the corner more than or equal to the first setting corner；The downshift condition are as follows: the speed is less than
Or it is equal to minimum gear speed, the corner less than or equal to the second setting corner；Wherein, the first setting corner is greater than institute
State the second setting corner.
Optionally, in the step S5, the revolving speed of the motor is changed according to following formula: na=n1×id’/
id；Wherein, naFor the revolving speed of the motor after regulation, n1For the revolving speed for regulating and controlling the preceding motor, idIt is described dynamic under current shift
The transmission ratio of power assembly, id' be shift after the power assembly transmission ratio.
Optionally, after the step S1 further include: step S7 judges whether the speed is less than maximum gear speed
Whether degree, the corner are greater than the first setting corner, if being, do not export shift standby signal.
Optionally, after the step S1 further include: step S8 judges whether the speed is greater than maximum gear vehicle
Whether fast, the described corner is less than or equal to the second setting corner, if so, executing step S9；It is disconnected to control the clutch by step S9
It opens.
Optionally, after the step S1 further include: step S10 judges whether the current shift is top gear, institute
State whether speed is greater than or equal to setting speed, whether the corner be less than or equal to the second setting corner, brake gear
It is inactive, if being, then follow the steps S9.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of specific embodiment of the power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle provided by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the control method of battery-operated motor cycle provided by the present invention；
Fig. 3 is flow chart of the control method of battery-operated motor cycle provided by the present invention during upshift；
Fig. 4 is flow chart of the control method of battery-operated motor cycle provided by the present invention during downshift.
The reference numerals are as follows in Fig. 1-4:
1 motor, 11 shafts, 12 motor-driven gears；
2 gearboxes, 21 input shafts, 22 output shafts, 23 shift gears to, 231 first driving gears, 232 first driven tooths
Wheel, 233 second driving gears, 234 second driven gears, 235 third driving gears, 236 third driven gears, 237 the 4th masters
Moving gear, 238 the 4th driven gears, 24 input gears, 25 output gears, 26 first synchronizers, 27 second synchronizers；
3 clutches；
4 controllers, 41 speed interfaces, 42 handle angle interfaces, 43 clutch interfaces, 44 computing modules, 45 motor interfaces, 46
Brake interface, 47 gear interfaces, 48 clutch for clutch control interfaces；
D current shift, DMaxTop gear, V speed, VDMaxMaximum gear speed, VDMinMinimum gear speed, V0Set vehicle
Speed, α corner, α1First setting corner, α2Second setting corner.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical solution of the present invention, below connection with figures and specific real
Applying example, the present invention is described in further detail.
It is described herein it is " several " be that exponential quantity is uncertain multiple, it is usually more than two；And when using " several " table
When showing the quantity of certain several component, it is not offered as the correlation of these components quantitatively.
The words such as " first " described herein, " second ", be merely for convenience of description scheme same or like two with
On structure or component, be not offered as certain particular determination to sequence.
Embodiment one
Referring to FIG. 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of knot of specific embodiment of the power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle provided by the present invention
Structure schematic diagram.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle, including motor 1, gearbox 2 and clutch
Device 3, gearbox 2 have several gears, and clutch 3 can connect the input shaft 21 of the shaft 11 of motor 1, gearbox 2.
The scheme of middle constant-speed ratio is different from the prior art, power assembly provided by the present invention further includes gearbox 2, gearbox
2 have several gears, can provide different speed ratios, motor 1 can be made in biggish vehicle speed intervals by gear switching
Efficient working condition is inside remained, can largely avoid 1 long-term work of motor in limit speed state, can reduce
The time of power battery pack heavy-current discharge, advantageously ensure that the cruising ability and service life of power battery pack.
In specific scheme, above-mentioned clutch 3 can be electromagnetic clutch, with the driving by electromagnetic force come realize from
The engagement or disconnection of clutch 3.Certainly, which can also use the clutch of other forms, and such as magnetic powder cluth rubs
Clutch, fluid clutch etc. are wiped, but comparatively, electromagnetic clutch is electric control clutch, there is the engagement that is powered, power-off to separate
Characteristic, fast response time, be more convenient control.
It further, can also include controller 4, controller 4 can have speed interface 41 and handle angle interface 42；
Speed interface 41 can be connect with vehicle speed sensor (not shown) signal, electronic be rubbed suitable for receive that vehicle speed sensor measures
The vehicle velocity V of motorcycle, handle angle interface 42 are connect with handle angular transducer (not shown) signal, are suitable for receiving handle angle
The corner α of the handle for the battery-operated motor cycle that degree sensor measures, controller 4 are suitable for when vehicle velocity V, corner α meet shift condition
Output shift prompt information.Vehicle speed sensor, handle angular transducer specific structure be referred to the prior art, do not do herein
It is described in detail.
It is to be appreciated that vehicle velocity V other than it can directly measure by vehicle speed sensor, can also first pass through measurement motor
1 revolving speed, then in conjunction with motor 1 revolving speed and current shift (by be arranged in controller 4 gear interface 47 monitor)
Gear ratio calculation obtains, both modes can obtain vehicle velocity V, and in the specific implementation, those skilled in the art can basis
Actual needs carries out selection use.
Above-mentioned shift condition may include upshift condition and downshift condition.
Upshift condition can be with are as follows: vehicle velocity V is greater than or equal to maximum gear vehicle velocity VDMax, corner α is greater than or equal to and first sets
Determine corner α1.Here maximum gear vehicle velocity VDMaxWith current shift D in relation to, in particular to current shift D under the max speed,
It can be calculated by motor speed and the transmission ratio i under current shift D；First setting corner α1Corresponding one biggish
Corner specifically can be set as 70% αMax- 100% αMaxBetween one value, αMaxFor hard-over.In this way, upshift condition institute
The meaning of characterization are as follows: handle or will go to bottom, vehicle velocity V have reached current shift D maximum (top) speed (i.e. it is aforementioned most
Big gear vehicle velocity VDMax), at this point, controller 4 can externally export upshift prompt information.
Downshift condition can be with are as follows: vehicle velocity V is less than or equal to minimum gear vehicle velocity VDMin, corner α is less than or equal to and second sets
Determine corner α2.Here minimum gear vehicle velocity VDMinAlso the most trolley under related with current shift D, in particular to current shift D
Speed can be calculated by motor speed and the transmission ratio i under current shift D；Second setting corner α2Corresponding one compared with
Small corner specifically can be set as 0-20% αMaxBetween one value.In this way, the meaning that downshift condition is characterized are as follows: handle
Or initial position will be gone to, vehicle velocity V has reached minimum speed (the i.e. aforementioned minimum gear speed of current shift D
VDMin), at this point, controller 4 can externally export downshift prompt information.
Above-mentioned upshift prompt information and downshift prompt information can use the same signal, for example, by same
Indicator light is shown etc. with passage.Alternatively, upshift prompt information and downshift prompt information can also be using differences
Signal, for example, different indicator lights is respectively adopted or different texts is shown etc., in order to distinguish.
It is appreciated that vehicle operator when the corner α of vehicle velocity V, handle to vehicle is manipulated, has and defines
Driving intention (upshift or downshift etc.), the embodiment of the present invention is actually to speculate vehicle to the monitoring of vehicle velocity V, corner α
The intention of driver, the shift prompt information externally exported by controller 4 are also only for informing vehicle operator one
A suitable shift opportunity, even if vehicle operator is also when clear tool at this point, indefinite explanation is specifically upshift or downshift
Which kind of gear shift operation what body to be executed is, so, the embodiment of the present invention is preferably using shift prompt information using same signal
Scheme, to simplify circuit structure.
Controller 4 can also have clutch interface 43, and clutch interface 43 can be connect with 3 signal of clutch, be suitable for receiving
Switching signal clutch 3 engagement or disconnected.Controller 4 also has motor interface 45, and motor interface 45 can be carried out with motor 1
Signal connection is suitable for controlling the rotation speed change of motor 1 after prompt information is shifted gears in output and when switching signal is cut-off signal,
So that the revolving speed at 3 both ends of clutch can match after shift.Matching here refer to it is substantially consistent, in this way, can
To greatly improve the stationarity of shift process, shift shock is avoided, and can reduce the abrasion at 3 both ends of clutch, it is also advantageous
In the service life for extending clutch 3.
Specifically, computing module 44 can be equipped in controller 4, computing module 44 can store revolving speed and calculate public affairs
Formula, controller 4 are further adapted for controlling the rotation speed change of motor 1 according to the calculated result of computing module 44.
The revolving speed calculation formula is specifically as follows: na=n1×id’/id, wherein naFor the revolving speed of motor 1 after regulation, n1For
Regulate and control the revolving speed of front motor 1, idFor the transmission ratio of power assembly under current shift, id' be shift after power assembly transmission ratio.
It is to be understood that transmission ratio when transmission ratio when high gear is less than low-grade location, so, using above-mentioned revolving speed calculation formula
Afterwards, when carrying out upshift, the revolving speed of motor 1 can be reduced, and motor 1 is worked in high efficient area, be conducive to be promoted whole
The course continuation mileage of vehicle, and when carrying out downshift, the revolving speed of motor 1 can be improved, and motor 1 is allowed to be rapidly achieved outputting torsion
Point can reduce 1 peak point current of motor.
Other than lifting keeps off operating condition, the operating conditions such as upward slope, descending and high speed slide are also faced in vehicle operation.
Under upward slope operating condition, it is preferred to use low gear operation (other gears can also with), to promote torque output.Though at this point,
Right handle is or close to being screwed to bottom, but vehicle velocity V still will not be very high, and controller does not export shift prompt information.Specifically
Rule of judgment can be set as: corner α is greater than or equal to the first setting corner α1, vehicle velocity V be less than highest gear bit rate VDMax。
Under descending operating condition, above controller 4, which is further adapted for controlling clutch 3, to be disconnected, with cut off motor 1 and gearbox 2 it
Between power transmitting, it is excessive and motor 1 is made to operate in limit speed to can avoid vehicle velocity V, can carry out revolving speed guarantor to motor 1
Shield, and electricity can also be saved, to improve the cruising ability of power battery pack.Specific decision condition can be set as: vehicle velocity V
Greater than maximum gear vehicle velocity VDMax, corner α be less than or equal to second setting corner α2, at this point, controller 4 can control clutch 3
It disconnects.
Under high speed slide operating condition, i.e., when speed is larger, it also can control the disconnection of clutch 3, to carry out revolving speed to motor 1
Protection, and electricity can be saved.Specifically, controller 4 can also have brake interface 46, brake interface 46 can be filled with brake
Confidence number connection, the signal whether started suitable for receiving brake gear；Decision condition into high speed slide operating condition can be set
Are as follows: brake gear is inactive, corner α is less than or equal to the second setting corner α2, current shift D be top gear DMax(such as in the presence of
When four gears, current shift D be four gear) and vehicle velocity V be greater than setting vehicle velocity V0, it is then possible to control clutch by controller 4
3 disconnect.
Here, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit setting vehicle velocity V0Occurrence, implement when, those skilled in the art can
To be configured according to actual needs, as long as above-mentioned setting vehicle velocity V is clearly arranged0Purpose be in order to avoid motor speed mistake
Speed output of the vehicle in highest gear is influenced greatly and simultaneously and not.
Above-mentioned brake gear can be pedal type braking device, i.e., brake gear can be brake pedal, at this point, into
One of decision condition of high speed slide operating condition is that brake pedal is not stepped on.Alternatively, the brake gear may be that setting exists
Hand brake on handlebar, at this point, into high speed slide operating condition one of decision condition will become hand brake not by by
Under.
In addition, the disconnection of clutch 3 is all by controlling under descending operating condition and high speed slide operating condition in the description above
Device 4 executes automatically.In fact, special clutch control device also can be set, such as clutch pedal or be mounted on handlebar from
Rim brake etc. is closed, which can directly be connected with clutch 3, can also be connected by controller 4 with clutch 3；
In former connection type, when need to shift gears, into descending operating condition or when entering high speed slide operating condition, controller 4 can be with
Outside output clutch disconnects prompt information, which is specifically as follows indicator light information or text information etc., then
By vehicle operator's Self-operating clutch control device come cut-off clutch 3, in other words, electronic rub provided by the present invention
In the power assembly of motorcycle, clutch 3 can also be led to other than it can be automatically controlled by controller 4 by vehicle operator
Clutch control device is crossed to be manually controlled；And in latter connection type, controller 4 is also provided with clutch for clutch control interface
48, whether start suitable for monitoring clutch control device, in vehicle operator (according to prompt or Self-operating) starting clutch
When control device, controller 4 can control the disconnection of clutch 3.
For above-mentioned each scheme, following present invention embodiment will be also described the specific structure of gearbox 2.
Gearbox 2 may include input shaft 21, output shaft 22 and several shift gears being meshed to 23,21 He of input shaft
Output shaft 22 can be parallel to each other, and shift gear includes driving gear and driven gear to 23, and driving gear can be fixedly mounted
In input shaft 21, driven gear can be set in output shaft 22；It is also provided at least one synchronizer in output shaft 22, according to
Different shifting commands, synchronizer can carry out axial displacement on output shaft 22, to be connected from different driven gears, in turn
Realize the power transmitting between corresponding driven gear and output shaft 22.
In the both ends of clutch 3, one can be connected with the shaft 11 of motor 1, and another one is connected with motor drive tooth
Wheel 12, and the motor-driven gear 12 is also loaded on shaft 11 by bearing holder (housing, cover), input shaft 21 is provided with input gear 24, and motor passes
Moving gear 12 can combine to form primary speed-down gear mesh with input gear 24, when the both ends of clutch 3 engage, motor
Power can be sent to gearbox 2 from motor 1 by transmission gear 12.
Still using Fig. 1 as visual angle, by taking a kind of four-speed gear shift case as an example, four groups of gears have been can be set in input shaft 21, output shaft 22
Position gear mesh 23, the first driving gear 231 and the first driven gear 232 being respectively meshed, the second driving gear 233 and the
Two driven gears 234, third driving gear 235 and third driven gear 236 and the 4th driving gear 237 and the 4th driven tooth
Wheel 238；Synchronizer there are two being set on output shaft 22, wherein the first synchronizer 26 can be set in the first driven gear 232
And second between driven gear 234, the second synchronizer 27 can be set in third driven gear 236 and the 4th driven gear 238
Between.
When being in neutral gear, two synchronizers are in middle position.When switching to a gear, the first synchronizer 26 can be following
It moves, and is connected with the first driven gear 232, the power of motor 1 can successively pass through 11 → clutch of shaft, 3 → motor drive tooth
Take turns 12 → input gear, 24 → input shaft, 21 → the first driving gear, 231 → the first driven gear, 232 → the first synchronizer 26 →
22 → output gear of output shaft 25 is transmitted.When switching to second gear, the first synchronizer 26 can be moved up, and with it is second driven
Gear 234 is connected, and the power of motor 1 can successively pass through 11 → clutch of shaft, 3 → motor-driven gear, 12 → input gear
24 → input shaft, 21 → the second driving gear, 233 → the second driven gear, 234 → the first 26 → output shaft of synchronizer, 22 → output
Gear 25 is transmitted.When being switched to three gears, the first synchronizer 26 can return back to middle position, and the second synchronizer 27 can be with
It moves down, and is connected with third driven gear 236, the power of motor 1 can successively pass through 11 → clutch of shaft, 3 → motor drive
236 → the second synchronizer 27 of gear 12 → input gear, 24 → input shaft, 21 → third, 235 → third of driving gear driven gear
22 → output gear of → output shaft 25 is transmitted.When being switched to four gears, the second synchronizer 27 can be moved up, and with the 4th from
Moving gear 238 is connected, and the power of motor 1 can successively pass through 11 → clutch of shaft, 3 → motor-driven gear 12 → input tooth
Take turns 24 → input shaft 21 → the 4th 237 → the 4th driven gear of driving gear, 238 → the second 27 → output shaft of synchronizer 22 → defeated
Gear 25 is transmitted out.
It may be noted that one kind that the above-mentioned gearbox 2 using parallel-axis type gear mechanism is only the embodiment of the present invention is shown
Example property scheme, can not be as the restriction of the practical range of the power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle provided by the present invention, full
Under conditions of sufficient function, which can also be using other structures, such as planetary gear mechanism etc.；Meanwhile the power is total
At gear quantity be also not limited to four, can also be for three, five or more, can specifically carry out according to actual needs
Setting.
Embodiment two
The present invention also provides a kind of battery-operated motor cycle, including power assembly, which is each reality in embodiment one
Apply the power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle involved in mode.
Since the power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle in embodiment one has been provided with technical effect as above, then, having should
The battery-operated motor cycle of power assembly is also when having similar technical effect, therefore this will not be repeated here.
Embodiment three
Fig. 2-4 is please referred to, Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the control method of battery-operated motor cycle provided by the present invention, and Fig. 3 is the present invention
Flow chart of the control method of provided battery-operated motor cycle during upshift, Fig. 4 are battery-operated motor cycle provided by the present invention
Flow chart of control method during downshift.
As shown in Fig. 2, the present invention also provides a kind of control method of battery-operated motor cycle, it is electronic suitable for embodiment two
Motorcycle, the control method specifically comprise the following steps: step S1, obtain the vehicle velocity V of battery-operated motor cycle, handle corner α with
And current shift D；Step S2, judges whether vehicle velocity V, corner α meet shift condition, if so, executing step S3；Step S3, it is defeated
It shifts gears out standby signal；Step S4, the switching signal for obtaining clutch engagement or disconnecting are held if switching signal is cut-off signal
Row step S5；Step S5 controls the rotation speed change of motor 1, so that the revolving speed at 3 both ends of clutch being capable of phase after shift
Matching；Step S6, control clutch 3 engage.
The control method of battery-operated motor cycle provided by the present invention can carry out battery-operated motor cycle when meeting shift condition
Shift, and shift when, the revolving speed of motor 1 can be regulated and controled, enable shift after clutch both ends revolving speed phase
Matching, and then the stationarity of shift process can be greatly improved, shift shock is avoided, and can reduce 3 both ends of clutch
Abrasion, is conducive to extend the service life of clutch 3.
Above-mentioned shift condition may include upshift condition and downshift condition.
Upshift condition can be with are as follows: vehicle velocity V is greater than or equal to maximum gear vehicle velocity VDMax, corner α is greater than or equal to and first sets
Determine corner α1.Here maximum gear vehicle velocity VDMaxWith current shift D in relation to, in particular to current shift D under the max speed,
It can be calculated by motor speed and the transmission ratio i under current shift D；First setting corner α1Corresponding one biggish
Corner specifically can be set as 70% αMax- 100% αMaxBetween one value, αMaxFor hard-over.In this way, upshift condition institute
The meaning of characterization are as follows: handle or will go to bottom, vehicle velocity V have reached current shift D maximum (top) speed (i.e. it is aforementioned most
Big gear vehicle velocity VDMax), at this point, controller 4 can externally export upshift prompt information.
Downshift condition can be with are as follows: vehicle velocity V is less than or equal to minimum gear vehicle velocity VDMin, corner α is less than or equal to and second sets
Determine corner α2.Here minimum gear vehicle velocity VDMinAlso the most trolley under related with current shift D, in particular to current shift D
Speed can be calculated by motor speed and the transmission ratio i under current shift D；Second setting corner α2Corresponding one compared with
Small corner specifically can be set as 0-20% αMaxBetween one value.In this way, the meaning that downshift condition is characterized are as follows: handle
Or initial position will be gone to, vehicle velocity V has reached minimum speed (the i.e. aforementioned minimum gear speed of current shift D
VDMin), at this point, controller 4 can externally export downshift prompt information.
Above-mentioned upshift prompt information and downshift prompt information can use the same signal, for example, by same
Indicator light is shown etc. with passage.Alternatively, upshift prompt information and downshift prompt information can also be using differences
Signal, for example, different indicator lights is respectively adopted or different texts is shown etc., in order to distinguish.
In above-mentioned steps S5, the revolving speed of motor 1 can be changed according to following formula: na=n1×id’/id；Its
In, naFor the revolving speed of motor 1 after regulation, n1For the revolving speed for regulating and controlling front motor 1, idFor the transmission ratio of power assembly under current shift,
id' be shift after power assembly transmission ratio.It is to be understood that transmission ratio when transmission ratio when high gear is less than low-grade location,
So, when carrying out upshift, the revolving speed of motor 1 can reduce after above-mentioned revolving speed calculation formula, so that motor 1 can be with
Work is conducive to the course continuation mileage for promoting vehicle in high efficient area, and when carrying out downshift, the revolving speed of motor 1 can be improved, and make
Outputting torsion point can be rapidly achieved by obtaining motor 1, can reduce the peak point current of motor 1.
As shown in figure 3, step S2-S6 is specifically as follows when control method provided by the present invention is applied to upshift control:
Step S21, judges whether vehicle velocity V, corner α meet upshift condition, if so, executing step S31；Step S31, output upshift prompt
Signal；Step S41, the switching signal for obtaining clutch engagement or disconnecting execute step S51 if switching signal is cut-off signal；
The revolving speed of step S51, control motor 1 are reduced to na=n1×id+/id, wherein id+Indicate the biography of power assembly after upshift is successful
Dynamic ratio；Step S61, control clutch 3 engage.In general, single upshift only improves a gear, as second gear rises three gears, three
Gear rises four gears etc..
As shown in figure 4, step S2-S6 is specifically as follows when control method provided by the present invention is applied to downshift control:
Step S22, judges whether vehicle velocity V, corner α meet downshift condition, if so, executing step S32；Step S32, output downshift prompt
Signal；Step S42, the switching signal for obtaining clutch engagement or disconnecting execute step S52 if switching signal is cut-off signal；
The revolving speed of step S52, control motor 1 increase to na=n1×id-/id, wherein id-Indicate the biography of power assembly after downshift is successful
Dynamic ratio；Step S62, control clutch 3 engage.Different from upshift, single downshift can reduce a gear, can also reduce more
A gear, three gear of such as four gear drop, four gear drop second gears are the operations that can be used.
Other than control of shifting gears, control method provided by the present invention can also include: step S7 after step S1, judgement
Whether vehicle velocity V is less than highest gear bit rate VDMax, corner α whether be greater than the first setting corner α1If being, shift is not exported
Standby signal.As described in embodiment a part, step S7 is corresponding not to be prompted to shift gears for upward slope operating condition in upward slope operating condition,
Still exported with current shift.
With continued reference to FIG. 2, can also include: step S8 after step S1, judge whether vehicle velocity V is greater than maximum gear
Vehicle velocity VDMax, corner α whether be less than or equal to the second setting corner α2, if so, executing step S9；Step S9 controls clutch 3
It disconnects.
Step S8, S9 is corresponding to be at this point, vehicle velocity V can be increasing if not operating brake gear for descending operating condition
It avoids the occurrence of 2 towing astern motor 1 of gearbox and 1 revolving speed of motor is caused to meet or exceed limit speed, clutch 3 can be disconnected,
To cut off the transmitting of the power between motor 1 and gearbox 2, revolving speed protection can be carried out to motor 1, and electricity can also be saved,
To improve the cruising ability of power battery pack.
After step S1 further include: step S10 judges whether current shift D is top gear DMax, whether vehicle velocity V be greater than
Or it is equal to setting vehicle velocity V0, corner α whether be less than or equal to the second setting corner α2, brake gear it is whether inactive, if being,
Then follow the steps S9.
Step S10 corresponding is high speed slide operating condition, under this operating condition, also can control the disconnection of clutch 3, to electricity
Machine 1 carries out revolving speed protection, and can save the consumption of electricity.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that those skilled in the art are come
It says, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle, including motor (1), which is characterized in that further include gearbox (2) and clutch
(3), the gearbox (2) has several gears, and the clutch (3) can connect the shaft (11) of the motor (1), institute
State the input shaft (21) of gearbox (2).
2. the power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the clutch (3) be electromagnetism from
Clutch.
3. the power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include controller (4), the control
Device (4) processed has speed interface (41) and handle angle interface (42)；
The speed interface (41) connect with vehicle speed sensor signal, measures suitable for the reception vehicle speed sensor described electronic
The speed (V) of motorcycle, the handle angle interface (42) connect with handle angular transducer signal, are suitable for receiving the handle
The corner (α) of the handle for the battery-operated motor cycle that angular transducer measures, the controller (4) be suitable for the speed (V),
Output shift prompt information when the corner (α) meets shift condition.
4. the power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the shift condition includes upshift item
Part and downshift condition；
The upshift condition are as follows: the speed (V) is greater than or equal to maximum gear speed (VDMax), the corner (α) is greater than or waits
Corner (α is set in first1)；The downshift condition are as follows: the speed (V) is less than or equal to minimum gear speed (VDMin), it is described
Corner (α) is less than or equal to the second setting corner (α2)；
Wherein, the first setting corner (α1) it is greater than the second setting corner (α2)。
5. the power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the controller (4) also have from
Splice grafting mouth (43), the clutch interface (43) connect with the clutch (3) signal, are suitable for receiving clutch (3) engagement
Or the switching signal disconnected；
The controller (4) also connect with the motor (1) signal, is suitable for after prompt information is shifted gears in output and the switch is believed
Control the rotation speed change of the motor (1) when number being cut-off signal so that after shift clutch (3) both ends revolving speed
It can match.
6. the power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the controller (4) includes calculating
Module (44), the computing module (44) are stored with revolving speed calculation formula, and the controller (4) is further adapted for according to the calculating mould
The calculated result of block (44) controls the rotation speed change of the motor (1)；
The revolving speed calculation formula are as follows: na=n1×id’/id, wherein naFor the revolving speed of the motor (1) after regulation, n1For regulation
The revolving speed of the preceding motor (1), idFor the transmission ratio of power assembly described under current shift, id' it is the power assembly after shift
Transmission ratio.
7. the power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the controller (4) is further adapted for controlling
The engagement or disconnection of the clutch (3) are made, the controller (4) is suitable for being greater than maximum gear speed at the speed (V)
(VDMax), the corner (α) be less than or equal to second setting corner (α2) when control the clutch (3) disconnection.
8. the power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the controller (4), which also has, stops
Whether vehicle interface (46), the brake interface (46) connect with brake gear signal, start suitable for the reception brake gear
Signal；
The controller (4) is further adapted for the brake gear is inactive, the corner (α) is less than or equal to second setting
Corner (α2), current shift (D) be top gear (DMax) and the speed (V) be greater than setting speed (V0) when control the clutch
(3) it disconnects.
9. the power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle described in any one of -8 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gearbox
(2) include the input shaft (21), output shaft (22) and several shift gears being meshed to (23), the input shaft (21) and
The output shaft (22) is parallel to each other, and the shift gear includes driving gear and driven gear, the driving gear to (23)
It is fixedly installed in the input shaft (21), the driven gear is set in the output shaft (22)；
The output shaft (22) is additionally provided at least one synchronizer, and the synchronizer can be connected with the corresponding driven gear.
10. the power assembly of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 9, which is characterized in that an end of the clutch (3)
Portion is connected with the shaft (11), and the other end is connected with motor-driven gear (12), and the input shaft (21) is connected with input
Gear (24), the motor-driven gear (12) are meshed with the input gear (24).
11. a kind of battery-operated motor cycle, including power assembly, which is characterized in that the power assembly is to appoint in claim 1-10
The power assembly of one battery-operated motor cycle.
12. a kind of control method of battery-operated motor cycle, which is characterized in that be suitable for battery-operated motor cycle described in claim 11, institute
Control method is stated to include the following steps:
Step S1 obtains the speed (V) of the battery-operated motor cycle, the corner (α) of handle and current shift (D)；
Step S2, judges whether the speed (V), the corner (α) meet shift condition, if so, executing step S3；
Step S3, output shift standby signal；
Step S4, the switching signal for obtaining the clutch (3) engagement or disconnecting are held if the switching signal is cut-off signal
Row step S5；
Step S5 controls the rotation speed change of the motor (1) so that shift after clutch (3) both ends revolving speed energy
Enough match；
Step S6 controls the clutch (3) engagement.
13. the control method of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the shift condition includes upshift
Condition and downshift condition；
The upshift condition are as follows: the speed (V) is greater than or equal to maximum gear speed (VDMax), the corner (α) is greater than or waits
Corner (α is set in first1)；The downshift condition are as follows: the speed (V) is less than or equal to minimum gear speed (VDMin), it is described
Corner (α) is less than or equal to the second setting corner (α2)；
Wherein, the first setting corner (α1) it is greater than the second setting corner (α2)。
14. the control method of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 12, which is characterized in that described in the step S5
The revolving speed of motor (1) is changed according to following formula:
na=n1×id’/id；
Wherein, naFor the revolving speed of the motor (1) after regulation, n1For the revolving speed for regulating and controlling the preceding motor (1), idFor current shift
Under the power assembly transmission ratio, id' be shift after the power assembly transmission ratio.
15. the control method of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 12, which is characterized in that also wrapped after the step S1
It includes:
Step S7, judges whether the speed (V) is less than highest gear bit rate (VDMax), whether the corner (α) is greater than first sets
Determine corner (α1), if being, shift standby signal is not exported.
16. the control method of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 12, which is characterized in that also wrapped after the step S1
It includes:
Step S8, judges whether the speed (V) is greater than maximum gear speed (VDMax), whether the corner (α) be less than or equal to
Second setting corner (α2), if so, executing step S9；
Step S9 controls the clutch (3) disconnection.
17. the control method of 6 battery-operated motor cycles according to claim 1, which is characterized in that also wrapped after the step S1
It includes:
Step S10 judges whether the current shift (D) is top gear (DMax), the speed (V) whether be greater than or equal to set
Determine speed (V0), the corner (α) whether be less than or equal to second setting corner (α2), brake gear it is whether inactive, if
It is to then follow the steps S9.
Priority Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910156373.0A CN109703358B (en) | 2019-03-01 | 2019-03-01 | Electric motorcycle, power assembly thereof and control method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910156373.0A CN109703358B (en) | 2019-03-01 | 2019-03-01 | Electric motorcycle, power assembly thereof and control method |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2211075A2 (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2010-07-28 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Gear change instruction apparatus and method |
| US20130073156A1 (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2013-03-21 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Shift controlling apparatus for vehicle |
| CN103781656A (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2014-05-07 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | Electric vehicle |
| CN209552944U (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-10-29 | 八方电气(苏州)股份有限公司 | A kind of battery-operated motor cycle and its power assembly |
-
2019
- 2019-03-01 CN CN201910156373.0A patent/CN109703358B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2211075A2 (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2010-07-28 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Gear change instruction apparatus and method |
| US20130073156A1 (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2013-03-21 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Shift controlling apparatus for vehicle |
| CN103781656A (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2014-05-07 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | Electric vehicle |
| CN209552944U (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-10-29 | 八方电气(苏州)股份有限公司 | A kind of battery-operated motor cycle and its power assembly |
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| CN109703358B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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