CN109691309A - A kind of overwintering storage method of energy crop south reed seedling stem - Google Patents
A kind of overwintering storage method of energy crop south reed seedling stem Download PDFInfo
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- CN109691309A CN109691309A CN201811366282.1A CN201811366282A CN109691309A CN 109691309 A CN109691309 A CN 109691309A CN 201811366282 A CN201811366282 A CN 201811366282A CN 109691309 A CN109691309 A CN 109691309A
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- cellar
- stalk
- stem
- seedling stem
- wet sand
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
- A01F25/02—Clamps; Pits
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of overwintering storage method of energy crop south reed seedling stem includes the following steps: S1, seedling stem selection: it selects southern reed stem, and sprays thimerosal on the stalk surface of selection, and in the incision coating of stem, it is bundling, spare;S2, seedling stem enter the pre-treatment of cellar: digging up the ground, and sterilize after being laid with wet sand in cellar;S3, seedling stem enter cellar: the stalk of step S1 bundling being layed in cellar, every 3~4 interlayer reserves earthing space every being laid with one layer of wet sand, and in spraying thimerosal in the wet sand of laying, then on cellar top;The setting of S4, snorkel: before blinding in cellar every 3-5m31 snorkel is plugged vertically;S5, blinding envelope cellar.Advantage is: solving the problems, such as that southern reed stalk is difficult to overwintering storage, so that current year southern reed stalk can effectively prevent the waste of southern reed stalk resource in the cuttage of spring in the coming year, high survival rate, improve the breeding coefficient of southern reed stalk after storage;So that southern reed stalk is saved and is up to 6 months, it is easy to operate, low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting fruit trees field, specifically a kind of overwintering storage method of energy crop south reed seedling stem.
Background technique
Nan Di is under the jurisdiction of grass family awns genus, is China In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River endemic species.With " land and water two is raw " characteristic, it is
A kind of important wet land protection plant.Because of its yield of biomass height, the tall and big reachable 6m of plant;With perennial characteristic, growth period
Up to 20 years or more;Cellulose, hemicellulose level are up to 70% or more;Barren-resistant ability is strong, can flooded stain, it is saline and alkaline, arid,
The growth of the marginal lands such as pollution.
Energy crisis and environmental pollution are the significant problems that the world today faces, biomass energy is big with its reserves, environmental protection,
The incomparable advantage of renewable equal fossil fuels becomes the strategic emphasis of various countries' research.And southern reed becomes internationally recognized " the
Two generation energy-source plants " Typical Representative can be converted to air-liquid due to its stalk by a variety of methods and waited admittedly more in recent years
Kind of fuel forms, to meet various energy demands, and introduced a fine variety to the northern area of China (such as Shandong, Shanxi, Gansu,
The provinces such as Ningxia, Shaanxi) the marginal lands such as salt marsh, arid, mine produced for biomass energy raw material and restoration of the ecosystem.
Southern reed stalk tool section, internode is a kind of heavy of cultivating and growing south reed using stem with bud cutting propagation with lateral bud
Want means.Southern reed lateral bud maturation time is later, and generally annual 7-9 month lateral bud is the fullest, is suitable for cuttage.Seedling after cuttage
Growth time is shorter, and biomass accumulation is insufficient, especially in the faster northern area that cools down, for the safe overwintering pole of cuttage seeding
Be it is unfavorable, easily cause seedling by freeze injury death, and spring lateral bud is not yet mature, is unsuitable for cuttage plantation.Therefore how will be at
Ripe southern reed seedling stem carries out storage for the winter, carries out cuttage plantation in the coming year, is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technological deficiency, the present invention provides a kind of overwintering storage method of energy crop south reed seedling stem, makes
It is planted after obtaining the southern overwintering storage of reed seedling stem in second year cuttage, improves cuttage survival rate, reduce cost.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of overwintering storage method of energy crop south reed seedling stem, includes the following steps:
S1, seedling stem selection: in every year by the end of August, September just selects southern reed stem, and sprays and sterilize on the stalk surface of selection
Liquid, and in the incision coating of stem, it is bundling, spare;
S2, seedling stem enter the pre-treatment of cellar: selecting unsuitable ponding, the place that easily drains takes 0.9~1.2m of depth, wide by 1.2
The cellar of~1.7m;Meanwhile it being sterilized after being laid with the wet sand of one layer of 2~3cm thickness in cellar;
S3, seedling stem enter cellar: the stalk of step S1 bundling is layed in cellar, every 3~4 interlayer every be laid with one layer 1~
2cm thickness wet sand, and the earthing space of 30cm height is reserved in spraying thimerosal in the wet sand of laying, then on cellar top, it is convenient for
The breathing of later period stalk and heat preservation;
The setting of S4, snorkel: before blinding in cellar every 3-5m31 snorkel is plugged vertically, for heat extraction of ventilating,
When winter temperature is lower than 0 DEG C, by snorkel top ferrule, for keeping the temperature;
S5, blinding envelope cellar: being laid with straw screen or mat after banketing to cellar, cold-proof for moisturizing, and cellar temperature is made to be maintained at 10-
15 DEG C, humidity is maintained at 80%-85%;
Preferably, in step S1, select that lateral bud is full, growing way is healthy and strong, upright and without obvious disease pest in Nan Di plantation Tanaka
Harmful southern reed stem;Cutting top, there are southern reed stalks of 3~4 leaves, then spray thimerosal on the southern reed stalk surface cut;
Further, 1500 times of liquid of carbendazol wettable powder that thimerosal is 50%;
For store seedling stem cellar length depending on the demand of seedling stem amount;Bundling be every 10 a bundle, water conservation
It is not perishable simultaneously;
Preferably, in step S2, clear water is spread in cellar before being laid with wet sand, to keep cellar inner surface wet, so that ground
Humidity is maintained at 80%-85% in storing, and is uniformly sprayed in cellar with 50% carbendazol wettable powder with the amount of 1-2g/ ㎡,
With sterilizing;
Preferably, in S3, the wet sand of laying is uniformly sprayed at the amount of 1-2g/ ㎡ with 50% carbendazol wettable powder
On;
Preferably, in step S4, the caliber of snorkel is 3~5cm, and in the bottom end insertion stacking stalk layer of snorkel
Interbed, top are above the ground level, and are conducive to exhaust;The preferred gauze of snorkel top nozzle or cotton sealing;
Step S2, the wet sand in S3 referred to 5mm sieve, and after being irrigated with clear water, there is no the sands that water leaches.
In step S5, straw screen or mat selects rice straw or straw to weave, Applied economy;And the cladding thickness of straw screen or mat is according to current year
Winter thickness of frozen earth layer carries out appropriate adjustment.
Storage method further includes storing out: excavating cellar top when big temperature is stablized by 15 DEG C in the next spring of storage
Grave mound, take out stalk, and select do not rot seedling stem stalk, cut stem section cuttage;
Preferably, it carries out containing at least one unputrefied lateral bud in the stem section of cuttage, improves survival rate;
Before stem section cuttage, need first to impregnate 2h in the water containing 1-1.5mg/kg gibberellic acid.
A kind of overwintering storage method of energy crop south reed seedling stem of the present invention, its advantage is that:
1, the method for the present invention solves the technical problem that southern reed stalk is difficult to overwintering storage, so that current year southern reed stalk is passed through
After storage, the waste of southern reed stalk resource can be effectively prevented in the cuttage of spring in the coming year, high survival rate, improve southern reed stalk
Breeding coefficient;
2, southern reed stalk period of storage, in cellar storage requirement selection, effectively increase storage and later period cuttage
Survival rate, for excellent variety preservation, expand and numerous be of great significance;
3, the present invention carries out cellar storage by southern reed stalk to current year, and the cellar that breaks a seal in spring in the coming year, so that southern
Reed stalk, which saves, to be up to 6 months, easy to operate, low in cost, convenient for promoting.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to embodiments:
Embodiment one
Enforcement place: Kenli area, Dongying city
Implement the time: in September, 2015 in April, -2016
Specific implementation step is as follows:
S1, seedling stem selection: selected in local southern reed plantation Tanaka that lateral bud is full, growing way is healthy and strong, straight in September in 2015 4th
It is vertical and southern reed stem 620 without obvious pest and disease damage;Selected stalk flush with ground is cut again, stays upper blade (3~4
Piece), 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1500 times of liquid disinfectants are sprayed on surface, and to the incision of stem plastic film packet
Firmly, then bundling is spare (every 10 a bundle, totally 62 bundle, is retained and has prevented heat mildew);
S2, seedling stem enter the pre-treatment of cellar: by Nan Di plantation field selection should not ponding, the easily place that drains take depth
The cellar (causing stalk waterflooding in cellar to be rotted conducive to heat and moisture preserving and sleet inflow) of 1m, width 1.5m, long 13m, if in cellar
It is dry, then in water-sprinkling in cellar, keep cellar inner surface wet 85%;Meanwhile one layer of 2.5cm is laid in cellar and is sieved thicker than 5mm
After the wet sand of net, uniformly it is sprayed in cellar with 50% carbendazol wettable powder with the amount of 2g/ ㎡, to sterilizing;
S3, seedling stem enter cellar: the stalk of bundling being layed in cellar, row's stalk is one layer, and every 4 layers of stalk is laid with
One layer of 2cm thickness wet sand is uniformly sprayed with 50% carbendazol wettable powder with the amount of 2g/ ㎡ in the wet sand of laying for separating
It spills, for sterilizing;And the earthing space of 30cm height is reserved on cellar top, it breathes and keeps the temperature convenient for later period stalk;
The setting of S4, snorkel: before blinding in cellar every 5m3The snorkel that 1 root canal diameter is 3cm is plugged vertically, and logical
Tracheae bottom end insertion stalk layer, top are located at ground or more, for heat extraction of ventilating;It, will with cotton when winter temperature is lower than 0 DEG C
The top ports of snorkel clog, and for keeping the temperature, avoid that freeze injury occurs;
S5, blinding envelope cellar: the space of banketing reserved to cellar top is banketed, then with 50% carbendazol wettable powder
Soil disinfection is carried out with the amount of 1-2g/ ㎡, is finally covered on cellar, is used for by 5cm thickness and with the straw screen or mat that rice straw is woven into
Moisturizing is cold-proof, so that cellar temperature is maintained at 10-15 DEG C, humidity is maintained at 85%.
In April, 2016, when temperature is stablized by 15 DEG C, the grave mound on cellar top is excavated, takes out seedling stem, at this point, bud
Serviceability rate is 98%, selects the stalk comprising seedling stem of not rotting, cuts stem section, and each stem section is unputrefied including at least 1
Lateral bud;After stem section is impregnated 2h in the water containing 1.4mg/kg gibberellic acid, then in big Tanaka's cuttage plantation, altogether cuttage plantation
1.5 mu or so, 1 month statistics survival rate after cuttage reaches 89.4% and (goes out cellar cuttage too early, cold wind great Yi dehydration in day air-dries, mistake
Evening goes out cellar cuttage, and stalk easily plays hot mildew in warm raising cellar).
Embodiment two
With embodiment one the difference is that:
Experimental period: in August, 2014 in April, -2015
In specific implementation step:
In S1,500 southern reed stems were chosen on August 25th, 2015, bundling 50 is tied spare;
In S2, take the cellar of deep 0.9m, width 1.2m, long 11m, humidity is 80% in cellar, and wet sand laying depth is
2cm;
In S3, every 4 layers of stalk is laid with one layer of 1cm thickness wet sand for separating;
In S4, before blinding in cellar every 3m3The snorkel that 1 root canal diameter is 4cm is plugged vertically;
In April, 2016, when temperature is stablized by 15 DEG C, the grave mound on cellar top is excavated, takes out seedling stem, at this point, bud
Serviceability rate is 94%, selects the stalk comprising seedling stem of not rotting, cuts stem section, and each stem section is unputrefied including at least 1
Lateral bud;After stem section is impregnated 2h in the water containing 1mg/kg gibberellic acid, then in big Tanaka's cuttage plantation, altogether cuttage plantation 1.2
Mu or so, 1 month statistics survival rate, reaches 88% after cuttage.
Embodiment three
With embodiment one the difference is that:
Experimental period: in August, 2016 in April, -2017
In specific implementation step:
In S1,750 southern reed stems were chosen on August 25th, 2016, bundling 75 is tied spare;
In S2, take the cellar of deep 0.9m, width 1.2m, long 15m, humidity is 82% in cellar, and wet sand laying depth is
2cm;
In S3, every 4 layers of stalk is laid with one layer of 1cm thickness wet sand for separating;
In S4, before blinding in cellar every 5m3The snorkel that 1 root canal diameter is 4cm is plugged vertically;
In April, 2017, when temperature is stablized by 15 DEG C, the grave mound on cellar top is excavated, takes out seedling stem, at this point, bud
Serviceability rate is 96%, selects the stalk comprising seedling stem of not rotting, cuts stem section, and each stem section is unputrefied including at least 1
Lateral bud;After stem section is impregnated 2h in the water containing 1.2mg/kg gibberellic acid, then in big Tanaka's cuttage plantation, altogether cuttage plantation
1.8 mu or so, 1 month statistics survival rate, reaches 93% after cuttage.
Example IV
With embodiment one the difference is that:
Experimental period: in September, 2017 in March, -2018
In specific implementation step:
In S1,800 southern reed stems were chosen on September 3rd, 2017, bundling 80 is tied spare;
In S2, take the cellar of deep 1.2m, width 1.7m, long 17m, humidity is 84% in cellar, and wet sand laying depth is
3cm;
In S3, every 3 layers of stalk is laid with one layer of 2cm thickness wet sand for separating;
In S4, before blinding in cellar every 4m3The snorkel that 1 root canal diameter is 4cm is plugged vertically;
In April, 2018, when temperature is stablized by 15 DEG C, the grave mound on cellar top is excavated, takes out seedling stem, at this point, bud
Serviceability rate is 97%, selects the stalk comprising seedling stem of not rotting, cuts stem section, and each stem section is unputrefied including at least 1
Lateral bud;After stem section is impregnated 2h in the water containing 1.5mg/kg gibberellic acid, then in big Tanaka's cuttage plantation, altogether cuttage plantation
1.8 mu or so, 1 month statistics survival rate, reaches 95% after cuttage.
Southern reed stalk of current year mature and plump is carried out overwintering storage by the method for the present invention, and in the next spring cuttage kind
It plants, to solve southern reed stalk in current year cuttage, easily causes cuttage growth time shorter, be unfavorable for seedling safe overwintering, and the
The technical issues of spring lateral bud was not yet mature in 2 year, was unsuitable for cuttage plantation.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of overwintering storage method of energy crop south reed seedling stem, it is characterised in that: include the following steps
S1, seedling stem selection: in every year by the end of August, September just select southern reed stem, and spray thimerosal on the stalk surface of selection, and
It is bundling, spare in the incision coating of stem;
S2, seedling stem enter the pre-treatment of cellar: select unsuitable ponding, the place that easily drains takes 0.9~1.2m of depth, it is wide by 1.2~
The cellar of 1.7m;Meanwhile it being sterilized after being laid with the wet sand of one layer of 2~3cm thickness in cellar;
S3, seedling stem enter cellar: the stalk of step S1 bundling being layed in cellar, every 3~4 interlayer is thick every being laid with one layer of 1~2cm
Wet sand, and the earthing space of 30cm height is reserved in spraying thimerosal in the wet sand of laying, then on cellar top, it is convenient for later period stem
Stalk breathing and heat preservation;
The setting of S4, snorkel: before blinding in cellar every 3-5m3Plugging 1 snorkel works as winter for heat extraction of ventilating vertically
When temperature is lower than 0 DEG C, by snorkel top ferrule, for keeping the temperature;
S5, blinding envelope cellar: being laid with straw screen or mat after banketing to cellar, cold-proof for moisturizing.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step S1, cutting top, there are southern reed stems of 3~4 leaves
Stalk, then thimerosal is sprayed on the southern reed stalk surface cut.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step S2, with 50% carbendazol wettable powder with 1-2g/
The amount of ㎡ is uniformly sprayed in cellar.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step S3, with 50% carbendazol wettable powder with 1-2g/
The amount of ㎡ is uniformly sprayed in the wet sand of laying.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step S2, the wet sand in S3 referred to 5mm sieve, used clear water
After irrigating, there is no the sands that water leaches.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include storing out: in the next spring of storage, big temperature is stablized
When by 15 DEG C, the grave mound on cellar top is excavated, takes out stalk, and selects the stalk for seedling stem of not rotting, cuts stem section cuttage.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: before stem section cuttage, need first red mould containing 1-1.5mg/kg
2h is impregnated in the water of acid.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114051842A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-02-18 | 富锦象屿金谷生化科技有限公司 | Method for prolonging frozen storage and airtight preservation of moist corn |
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