CN109687532B - Combined heat and power scheduling method for improving wind power consumption based on cooperative game - Google Patents
Combined heat and power scheduling method for improving wind power consumption based on cooperative game Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined heat and power dispatching method for improving wind power consumption based on cooperative game, which comprises the steps of constructing cooperative game models of a thermal power plant, a wind power plant and a thermal power plant, and giving participant operation strategies; then, the predicted economic benefits under the cooperative game are analyzed; then establishing a net profit maximum model of the participant, and calculating a profit distribution model under the cooperative game; then, a control strategy for starting and stopping the electric boiler through the residual heat space and the wind power waste and a heat storage and storage model of the heat storage device are constructed; and finally, solving the model by adopting an improved particle swarm algorithm with dynamic inertia weight and compression factors. The method of the invention can improve the income of participants and improve the utilization rate of wind power under the condition that the system ensures the operation reliability. According to the invention, the participant income can be improved and the wind power utilization rate is increased under the cooperative game.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of large power grid dispatching, in particular to a combined heat and power dispatching method for improving wind power consumption based on cooperative game.
Background
With the development and use of a large amount of traditional fossil energy, the problems of resource shortage, environmental pollution, climate change and the like are increasingly prominent. In order to solve the energy and environmental problems comprehensively and break the bottleneck of economic and social development, wind energy is widely paid attention by the characteristics of economy, reliability, cleanness, environmental protection, sustainable utilization and the like. However, due to the uncertainty and volatility of wind power, the safe operation and normal dispatching of the wind power connected to a power grid bring many adverse effects.
Wind energy resources of part of regions are rich, but in the winter heating period, a thermoelectric generator set is generally scheduled according to a mode of 'fixing power by heat', and a large-scale cogeneration generator set with a high proportion limits the peak load regulation capability of a power system, so that the wind power receiving capability of a power grid is sharply reduced; thereby wasting energy. However, with the development of an electric power system, the method based on the cooperation of the wind power plant, the thermal power plant and the thermal power plant can greatly improve the wind power consumption capability, abandons wind and supplies heat load through a heat storage type electric boiler to consume wind power, further, the thermoelectric unit reduces the electric power value while reducing the heat output due to the coupling characteristic, and provides space for wind power to be on line.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a combined heat and power dispatching method capable of improving the overall economy of a system and the wind power receiving level, and aims to solve the problems that the output of a thermoelectric generator set is continuously increased due to the increase of the heat load, and further the wind power internet space is reduced. According to the invention, a cooperative game method is introduced, and the wind power consumption level is improved according to the coordination and cooperation among a thermal power plant, a thermal power plant and a wind power plant, so that the overall economy is obtained; the heat accumulating type electric boiler is started and stopped by utilizing the residual heat power space and the abandoned wind, so that heat supply of the abandoned wind power is realized, the output of a heat power generator set is reduced, and the cooperation participants can obtain reasonable additional benefits by introducing a cooperation alliance benefit distribution method.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized according to the following technical scheme:
a combined heat and power dispatching method for improving wind power consumption based on cooperative game is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: establishing a combined heat and power system comprising a thermal power plant, a wind power plant and a heat storage electric boiler;
step 2: a combined heat and power cooperative game model for improving the wind power consumption capacity is established, and the model comprises the composition of the cooperative model, the operation strategy of participants and the analysis of predicted economic benefits under the cooperative game;
and step 3: determining an objective function, constraint conditions and alliance profit distribution with the maximum profit of a thermal power plant, a thermal power plant and a wind power plant under a cooperative game;
and 4, step 4: determining an electric boiler start-stop control strategy and a heat storage and release model of a heat storage device;
and 5: and optimizing and solving the scheduling model by using the objective function and the constraint condition to obtain an optimized scheduling model.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: based on a combined dispatching mode of a thermal power plant, a wind power plant and a thermal power plant under a cooperative game, the wind power consumption capacity can be greatly improved, and the respective net discharge power generation profit values can be improved; the method comprises the steps of (1) providing predicted economic benefit analysis under a cooperative game, so that extra benefits obtained by a thermal power plant, a wind power plant and a thermal power plant under the cooperative game are clear at a glance; utilize surplus heating power space and abandon wind and open and stop electric boiler, on the one hand, can avoid unnecessary electric heat conversion energy extravagant, on the other hand reduces electric boiler unnecessary running cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system model of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the relationship of participants in federation mode for the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of projected economic benefit analysis under a cooperative game of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of thermoelectric loading for the method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a wind power prediction graph of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a combined heat and power dispatch optimization solution of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.
With reference to the above figures, the method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
the invention establishes a thermoelectric comprehensive scheduling model comprising a wind turbine generator, a thermal power generator, a thermoelectric generator and a heat accumulating type electric boiler. The heat accumulation type electric boiler in the system realizes heat supply by utilizing the abandoned wind power, meets heat load balance by matching with the thermoelectric unit, continuously adjusts electric capacity for the electric boiler, the working mode of the heat accumulation device and the output of the thermoelectric unit according to the abandoned wind power, and realizes the maximum wind power utilization rate and the best economic benefit. The structure is shown in figure 1.
step 2-1, construction of collaboration model
Cooperative gaming is a game in which participants coordinate strategic choices among each other by making a trusted or binding commitment, as opposed to a non-cooperative game. It is mainly studied how multiple participants collaborate to maximize the league revenue and how the league revenue is distributed. All cooperative leagues that maximize the total revenue are the solution set to the game, while ensuring that each participant gets at least the non-cooperative game revenue, in the case of a transfer payment is allowed.
The basic elements of the cooperative game include participants and feature functions. Let N be {1, 2., N } the set of participants in the game, S is a league, and v (S) means S and
the maximum utility of the 2 league games S is called v (S) as a characteristic function of the league.
Step 2-2, participant's operation strategy
When the participants form a union, in order to meet the thermal and electrical balance constraint, the heat load is supplied by the combination of a thermal power plant and a wind power plant, and the electrical load is supplied by the combination of the thermal power plant, the wind power plant and a thermal power plant. Considering that the heat supply unit and the power supply unit simultaneously arrange output, the difficulty of regulating and controlling the system is increased, the output of the unit is regulated by adopting a scheduling sequence of 'first heat load balance and second electric load balance', and the specific unit operation strategy is as follows:
and (3) heat load balancing: the thermoelectric unit meets the basic heat load according to the equal micro-increment rate criterion, and the wind power plant supplies the residual heat load through the heat accumulating type electric boiler. When the heat supplied by the heat accumulating type electric boiler is not enough to meet the residual heat load at a certain moment, the heat supply output of the thermoelectric unit is improved according to the criterion of equal micro-increment rate until the heat load balance is met.
Electric load balancing: and determining the corresponding electric output at each time interval according to the characteristic of 'fixing electricity by heat' of the thermoelectric generator set. And distributing the residual electric load by the thermal power generating unit according to the actual installed proportion, and operating according to the equal micro-increment rate criterion. And finally, the wind turbine generator sets output power of each time interval according to the residual power space. And if the wind power in a certain period of time is not enough to make up the shortage of the power supply, the thermal power generating unit continues to increase the output according to the equal micro-increment rate criterion until the electric load balance is met.
Step 2-3, analyzing the predicted economic benefits under the cooperative game
Wind power generation does not consume the primary energy, therefore the net profit value of its unit electric quantity will be higher than the net profit value of thermoelectric power unit and thermal power unit electric quantity, and the thermoelectric power unit is because of thermocouple and characteristic, so the unnecessary thermal power unit of unit electric quantity consumption primary energy, so the net profit value of wind power unit electric quantity is greater than thermal power unit, and thermal power unit electric quantity net profit value is greater than the thermoelectric power unit, promptly:
the predicted economic benefit under the cooperative game is shown in the attached figure 3, wherein the abscissa is the unit net electric quantity, and the ordinate is the net profit value of the unit electric quantity. OZ is the total electric load value, and OX, XY and YZ are the grid-connected electric quantity before the cooperation of the wind turbine generator, the thermal power generator and the thermoelectric generator respectively. Through cooperation, the thermal power generating unit and the thermoelectric power generating unit respectively make wayGiving the electric load and the heat load value to the wind turbine generator, and considering 2 conditions in the text, namely 1) abandoning wind power to meet the requirement of residual heat load; 2) the abandoned wind power does not meet the requirement of residual heat load, and the output of the thermoelectric generator set needs to be improved at the moment.
Assume that 1: abandon wind power and satisfy surplus heat load demand
Shown by the attached drawing 3, the thermal power generating unit and the thermoelectric power generating unit respectively make out a part of electric load and thermal load values as areas XA and YB, at the moment, the grid-loading capacity of the wind power generating unit is OX + XA + YB, and the net profit value of unit electric quantity under the alliance is increased to be a shadow part of the attached drawing 3, namely: an abcd region and an efgh region. Under the cooperative game theory, the surplus profits generated by cooperation are distributed through a reasonable distribution method, so that the profits of each participant are more than those before cooperation.
Assume 2: abandon that wind power can not satisfy remaining heat load demand, thermoelectric generator set improves output
As shown in fig. 3, the wind turbine grid size is the same as in hypothesis 1. However, due to the characteristics of a thermocouple and a thermoelectric unit, the thermoelectric unit can generate corresponding electric quantity when generating heat, so that the electric power output value of the thermal power unit is reduced, at the moment, the grid-connected electric quantity of the thermal power unit is XC, and the grid-connected electric quantity of the thermoelectric unit is CZ. It can be known from the figure that the net profit value of the unit electric quantity is reduced to the area of klij in fig. 3 because the thermal power generating unit reduces the electric output. The revenue distribution is the same as for hypothesis 1.
Step 3, determining an objective function, constraint conditions and alliance profit distribution with maximum profits of a thermal power plant, a thermal power plant and a wind power plant under the cooperative game:
step 3-1, determining an objective function
After a cooperation agreement is achieved among the thermal power plant, the wind power plant and the thermal power plant, an optimal power plant cooperation scheduling scheme is determined by taking the maximum net benefit of cooperation as a target, and an optimization objective function is as follows:
maxF(S)＝f1+f2+f3
in the formula: f. of1,f2,f3The net profits of the thermal power plant, the wind power plant and the thermal power plant in the dispatching cycle are respectively.
Since the wind farm does not consume primary energy in the process of producing electric energy, it is assumed herein that the production cost of the wind farm only includes the operation and maintenance cost. The net profit expressions of the thermal power plant, the wind power plant and the thermal power plant in the dispatching cycle are as follows:
in the formula: t is a scheduling period, and T is taken as 24 h; n is a radical ofR,NW,NGThe number of the thermoelectric generator set, the wind turbine generator set and the thermal power generator set are respectively; pR,i,t,PW,i,t,PG,i,tThe power supply power is respectively provided for the thermoelectric power unit, the wind power unit and the thermal power unit i to the electric load at the moment t; hR,i,tThe heating power is provided for the thermoelectric unit i to t heat load at the moment; pQW,i,tThe wind power is used for providing the wind power unit i with the wind abandoning power for the heat accumulating type electric boiler at the time t; u. ofi,vi,wiThe coal consumption cost coefficient of the thermoelectric unit is obtained; a isi,bi,ciThe coal consumption cost coefficient is the coal consumption cost coefficient of the thermal power generating unit; c1,C2,C3The operation and maintenance costs of the thermoelectric generator set, the wind turbine generator set and the thermal power generator set are respectively the costs.
The operation and maintenance costs of the thermoelectric unit, the wind turbine unit and the thermal power unit are respectively regarded as a linear function of the sum of power supply and heat supply power provided by the thermoelectric unit to the heat and the electric load, a linear function of the power supply power provided by the wind turbine unit to the electric load and a linear function of the power supply power provided by the thermal power unit to the electric load. The operation and maintenance cost expressions are as follows:
in the formula: beta is aR,βW,βGAnd paying cost for the thermoelectric unit, the wind turbine unit and the thermal power unit respectively.
Step 3-2, determining constraint conditions
Step 3-2-1, Power balance constraints
Electric power balance constraint:
and thermal power balance constraint:
in the formula: hEB,tThe heating power of the electric boiler at the moment t; hHstor,tThe heat storage device stores heat and outputs power at time t (a negative value in a heat storage state); pL,t,HL,tThe electric and thermal load values at the time t are respectively.
Step 3-2-1, Unit-related constraints
1) And (5) constraint of the thermal power generating unit.
And (3) restraining the upper and lower limits of the unit output:
unit climbing restraint:
-Δri,down≤PG,i,t-PG,i,t-1≤Δri,up
in the formula:
respectively the maximum output and the minimum output of the thermal power generating unit i; Δ ri,up,Δri,downThe method comprises the following steps of respectively limiting the climbing up and the climbing down of a thermal power generating unit i.
2) And (5) restraining the thermoelectric unit.
The thermoelectric unit has two aspects of power supply and heat supply, so when the upper limit and the lower limit of output are considered, the constraints of the upper limit and the lower limit of output are considered, and the constraints of the upper limit and the lower limit of output are as follows:
and (3) electric output upper and lower limit restraint:
and (3) restraining an upper limit and a lower limit of thermal output:
electric climbing restraint:
-Δdi,down≤PR,i,t-PR,i,t-1≤Δdi,up
and (3) hot climbing restraint:
-Δhi,down≤HR,i,t-HR,i,t-1≤Δhi,up
in the formula:
the maximum and minimum electric output of the thermoelectric unit i are respectively;
the upper limit value of the thermal output of the thermal power unit i is set; di,up,di,downThe electric output of the thermoelectric unit i is limited by climbing up and down; Δ hi,up,-Δhi,downThe thermal output of the thermoelectric unit i is limited by climbing up and down.
3) Wind turbine generator system restraint:
in the formula:
and predicting output of the wind turbine generator i at the moment t.
Step 3-2-3, heat accumulating type electric boiler operation restriction
1) Electric boiler restraint
In the formula:
the maximum electric power allowed by the electric boiler for the period t.
Heat storage device operation restraint
In the formula: sH,tHeat storage capacity at time t;
maximum heat storage capacity;
the maximum values of the heat storage and release power.
Step 3-3, cooperative alliance revenue allocation based on Shapley value
After each power plant alliance receives revenue, a reasonable benefit allocation method needs to be determined. It is assumed herein that the revenue from the federating of thermal, wind and thermal power plants can be transferred, i.e., the additional revenue from the cooperation can be distributed among the participants. Shapley value in cooperative game theory is the most common way of distributing profits among league members, and the distribution result has uniqueness. The idea of allocation is that all participants in a federation should receive an average of the contributions they make to each federation.
The invention uses Shapley value to distribute the earnings obtained after the alliances of power plants, and supposes that in a cooperative game (N, v), for each participant (power plant) i, an earnings x is giveniForming an n-dimensional vector X ═ (X)1,x2...,xn)
And satisfies the following conditions:
then, X is (X)1,x2...,xn) Is a method for distributing the alliance income. The profit sharing equation for each participant is:
W(S)＝(|S|-1)！(n-|S|)！/n！
in the formula: s is all alliance sets containing the element i; n is a set of N members; the | S | is the number of the elements of the alliance S; v (S) collaborate for all federations containing element i; v (S \ i) is all federation cooperative earnings not containing element i; w(s) assigns coefficients to the respective average contributions.
Step 4, determining an electric boiler start-stop control strategy and a heat storage and release model of the heat storage device;
in the combined heat and power dispatching, a plurality of 0-1 integer optimization variables are introduced to reflect the heat storage and discharge states of the start-stop and heat storage devices of the electric boiler, and the electric boiler has 2 different operation states: 1) starting state, defining state variable as u (t), and its value is 1; 2) the stop state is defined by a state variable v (t) having a value of 0. The thermal storage device has 2 different operating states (idle state is not considered): 1) heat storage state, mu t1 is ═ 1; 2) exothermic state, μt＝0。
Step 4-1, electric boiler start-stop control strategy
The electric boiler can be used as a heat source, has the characteristic of rapid heat supply, and can also be used as an electric load, so that the peak regulation capacity of the unit is improved. The electric boiler adopts a start-stop control strategy, namely, the peak shaving of the electric boiler is started in a period with a residual heat space and a wind abandoning period, which is equivalent to the step of converting wind abandoning electric quantity into a heat source for peak shaving of a heat supply network through the electric boiler, and the electric boiler is closed in a period without the residual heat space or the wind abandoning period. By adopting the strategy of starting and stopping the electric boiler, on one hand, the uneconomical electric heat conversion can be avoided, and on the other hand, the unnecessary operation cost of the electric boiler is reduced. The mark with remaining thermodynamic space is defined as:
the signature with wind curtailment is defined as:
in the formula: hRet,＝P qf,t0 represents that no residual thermodynamic space and no wind power are available at the moment t; hRe,t＝P qf,t1 means that there is a remaining thermodynamic space and a wind dump at time t.
The electric boiler start-stop sign is defined as:
in the formula: sEBThe state is the start-stop state of the electric boiler (0 is stop, and 1 is start).
The power consumption and the heat output of the electric boiler are in a direct proportional relationship. As the power consumption of the electric boiler increases, the amount of heat generated therefrom also increases. The heating output formula is defined as:
HEB,t＝PEB,tηEBSEB
in the formula: pEB,tConsuming electric power for the electric boiler at the time t; etaEBThe electric heat conversion efficiency of the electric boiler is 95 percent.
Step 4-2, heat storage device model
The electric boiler is additionally provided with the heat storage device to form a heat storage type electric boiler, the operation mode of 'fixing electricity with heat' of the thermoelectric unit is thoroughly broken, the heat load demand is not limited to the electricity load, and the heat storage type electric boiler can be flexibly adjusted according to the condition of abandoned wind. When the air volume is larger, the output of the electric boiler is increased, the heating capacity exceeds the heat load demand, and the heat storage device is in a heat storage state, mu t1. When the waste air volume is small or no waste air exists, and the output of the electric boiler is matched with the thermoelectric unit to not meet the thermal load requirement, the heat storage device is in a heat release state mu t0. Therefore, the wind power can be fully utilized, the output of the thermal power generator set can be reduced, the emission of heat supply carbon is reduced, and meanwhile, the heat storage device can also be used as a standby heat source of a heat supply system, so that the heat supply reliability is improved. Setting the heat storage device to not exhibit both characteristics simultaneously, the heat storage device to external heat output is defined as:
in the formula: hstor_in,t,Hstor_out,tRespectively expressed as the storage power and the heat release power of the heat storage device at the moment t; mu.stIndicating the heat storage state of the heat storage apparatus at time t, mutWhen 1 indicates that the heat storage device is in a heat storage state, μtWhen the value is 0, the heat storage device is in a heat release state; gamma raystor_in,t,γstor_out,tThe storage efficiency and the heat release efficiency of the heat storage device at the moment t are respectively shown.
And 5, optimizing and solving the scheduling model by using the objective function and the constraint condition to obtain an optimized scheduling model:
step 5-1, introducing dynamic inertia weight and compression factor to improve particle swarm optimization
Suppose that within a D-dimensional search space, a population X is composed of m particles, where the ith particle is represented as X of a D-dimensional vectori(ii) a For each particle i, it consists of 3D-dimensional vectors, respectively the current position XiHistorical optimum position PbestiAnd velocity Vi(ii) a During each iteration, the particle will pass throughUpdating the speed and the position of the body extremum and the group extremum, namely:
xis(t+1)＝xis(t)+vis(t+1)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is a compression factor; omega is the inertial weight; t is the current iteration number; 1,2, … m, S1, 2, … S; c. C1And c2Is an acceleration factor; r is1And r2Is distributed in [0,1 ]]A random number of intervals;
in the velocity updating formula, in order to effectively control the flight velocity of the particles and enable the algorithm to reach the balance between the global detection and the local development, a contraction factor is added in the velocity updating formula, and the compression factor is as follows:
a typical extraction method is adopted: get c1＝c22.05, C4.1, shrink factor
Is 0.729;
in solving, ω is defined as:
ω(s)＝ωstart(ωstart-ωend)*(S-s)/s
wherein, ω isstartIs the initial inertial weight; omegaendThe inertial weight when the iteration times are maximum; s is the maximum number of iterations
Step 5-2, determining the examples and the necessary characteristics thereof
Selecting 6 thermoelectric units, 2 conventional units, 2 wind power units and 1 heat accumulating type electric boiler; the rated power of the wind turbine generator set is 300KW, the installed capacity of the electric boiler is 350MW, the capacity of the heat storage device is 900MW.h, the electric-heat conversion efficiency of the electric boiler is 0.95, and the heat storage and release efficiencies of the heat storage device are all 0.9; taking an hour as a unit and taking 24 hours in the whole day as a scheduling interval; a typical thermoelectric load prediction curve is shown in fig. 4; the wind power output prediction curve is shown in fig. 5.
Step 5-3, model solution
The dynamic inertia weight and compression factor improved particle swarm algorithm solves the model, as shown in figure 6.
The concrete model solving steps are as follows:
firstly, relevant parameters such as a thermal power plant, a wind power plant, a thermal power plant, a heat accumulating type electric boiler, a thermoelectric load predicted value, a wind power predicted value and the like are input, and a thermoelectric load prediction curve and a wind power predicted output prediction curve are generated. Arranging the thermal output of the thermoelectric unit according to the thermal load value, judging whether a residual thermal space and the electric quantity of the abandoned wind exist or not, further determining whether a heat accumulating type electric boiler is started or stopped, judging whether the thermal output of the thermoelectric unit and the thermal output of the heat accumulating type electric boiler meet thermal balance constraint or not, and if not, continuously improving the thermal output of the thermoelectric unit until thermal load balance is met.
And determining the corresponding power output value of each time interval according to the thermal power output of the thermal power unit, further arranging the power output of the thermal power unit and the power output of the wind power unit according to the residual electric load value, judging whether the power output of the thermal power unit, the power output of the thermal power unit and the power output of the wind power unit meets the electric balance constraint, and if not, improving the power output of the thermal power unit until the electric balance is met.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (4)
1. A combined heat and power dispatching method for improving wind power consumption based on cooperative game is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: establishing a combined heat and power system comprising a thermal power plant, a wind power plant and a heat storage electric boiler;
step 2: a combined heat and power cooperative game model for improving the wind power consumption capacity is established, and the model comprises the composition of the cooperative model, the operation strategy of participants and the analysis of predicted economic benefits under the cooperative game; the specific process is as follows:
step 2-1: constructing a cooperation model, wherein the basic elements of the cooperation game comprise participants and characteristic functions; let N be {1, 2., N } the set of participants in the game, S is a league, and v (S) means S and
the maximum utility of the 2 alliance games S is called v (S) as the characteristic function of the alliance;
step 2-2: the operation strategy of the participants adopts a scheduling sequence of first heat load balance and second electric load balance to adjust the output of the unit;
and (3) heat load balancing: the thermoelectric generator set meets the basic heat load according to the equal micro-increment rate criterion, and the wind power plant supplies the residual heat load through a heat accumulating type electric boiler; when the heat supplied by the heat accumulating type electric boiler is not enough to meet the residual heat load at a certain moment, the heat supply output of the thermoelectric unit is improved according to the criterion of equal micro-increment rate until the heat load balance is met;
electric load balancing: determining the corresponding electric output at each time interval according to the 'fixing electricity by heat' characteristic of the thermoelectric unit; distributing residual electric loads by the thermal power generating unit according to the actual installed proportion, and operating according to the equal micro-increment rate criterion; finally, the wind power generation unit arranges the output of each time interval according to the residual power space, and if the wind power of a certain time interval is not enough to make up the shortage of power supply, the thermal power generation unit continues to improve the output according to the criterion of equal micro-increment rate until the balance of the electric load is met;
step 2-3: the estimated economic profit analysis under the cooperative game is that the net profit value of the unit electric quantity of the wind turbine generator is larger than that of the thermal power generator, the net profit value of the unit electric quantity of the thermal power generator is larger than that of the thermal power generator, the abscissa is set as the net electric quantity of the generator on the grid, and the ordinate is the net profit value of the unit electric quantity; OZ is a total electric load value, OX, XY and YZ are respectively the grid-connected electric quantities before the wind turbine generator, the thermal power generator and the thermal power generator cooperate, when the abandoned wind electric quantity meets the requirement of the residual thermal load, the thermal power generator and the thermal power generator respectively give out a part of electric load and thermal load values as areas XA and YB, at the moment, the grid-connected electric quantity of the wind turbine generator is OX + XA + YB, and the net profit value of the unit electric quantity under the alliance is increased; under the cooperative game theory, the surplus profits generated by cooperation are distributed through a reasonable distribution method, so that the profits of each participant are more than those before cooperation; when the abandoned wind power does not meet the requirement of the residual heat load, the output of the thermoelectric power unit is improved, the grid-connected power of the wind power unit is OX + XA + YB, the thermocouple and the characteristic of the thermoelectric power unit generate corresponding power while generating heat, so the power output value of the thermal power unit is reduced, the grid-connected power of the thermal power unit is AC, the grid-connected power of the thermoelectric power unit is CY + BZ, the power output of the thermal power unit is reduced, and the net profit value of unit power is reduced;
and step 3: determining an objective function, constraint conditions and alliance profit distribution with the maximum profit of a thermal power plant, a thermal power plant and a wind power plant under a cooperative game; the specific process is as follows:
step 3-1, determining an objective function: after a cooperation agreement is achieved among the thermal power plant, the wind power plant and the thermal power plant, an optimal power plant cooperation scheduling scheme is determined by taking the maximum net benefit of cooperation as a target, and an optimization objective function is as follows:
max F(S)＝f1+f2+f3
in the formula: f. of1,f2,f3Respectively the net profits of the thermal power plant, the wind power plant and the thermal power plant in a dispatching cycle;
the net profit expressions of the thermal power plant, the wind power plant and the thermal power plant in the dispatching cycle are as follows:
in the formula: t is a scheduling period, and T is taken as 24 h; n is a radical ofR,NW,NGThe number of the thermoelectric generator set, the wind turbine generator set and the thermal power generator set are respectively; pR,i,t,PW,i,t,PG,i,tThe power supply power is respectively provided for the thermoelectric power unit, the wind power unit and the thermal power unit i to the electric load at the moment t; hR,i,tThe heating power is provided for the thermoelectric unit i to t heat load at the moment; pQW,i,tThe wind power is used for providing the wind power unit i with the wind abandoning power for the heat accumulating type electric boiler at the time t; u. ofi,vi,wiThe coal consumption cost coefficient of the thermoelectric unit is obtained; a isi,bi,ciThe coal consumption cost coefficient is the coal consumption cost coefficient of the thermal power generating unit; c1,C2,C3The operation and maintenance costs of the thermoelectric generator set, the wind turbine generator set and the thermal power generator set are respectively reduced; the operation and maintenance costs of the thermoelectric unit, the wind turbine unit and the thermal power unit are respectively regarded as a linear function of the sum of power supply and heat supply power provided by the thermoelectric unit to the heat and the electric load, a linear function of the power supply power provided by the wind turbine unit to the electric load and a linear function of the power supply power provided by the thermal power unit to the electric load;
the operation and maintenance cost expressions are as follows:
in the formula: beta is aR,βW,βGPaying costs for the thermoelectric unit, the wind turbine unit and the thermal power unit respectively;
step 3-2, determining constraint conditions, including:
step 3-2-1, Power balance constraints
Electric power balance constraint:
and thermal power balance constraint:
in the formula: hEB,tThe heating power of the electric boiler at the moment t; hHstor,tStoring and discharging heat output force for the heat storage device at the moment t; pL,t,HL,tRespectively the electric and thermal load values at the time t;
step 3-2-1, unit correlation constraint:
1) the thermal power generating unit is constrained by the thermal power generating unit,
and (3) restraining the upper and lower limits of the unit output:
unit climbing restraint:
-Δri,down≤PG,i,t-PG,i,t-1≤Δri,up
in the formula:
respectively the maximum output and the minimum output of the thermal power generating unit i; Δ ri,up,Δri,downThe method comprises the following steps of respectively limiting the climbing up slope and the climbing down slope of a thermal power generating unit i;
2) the thermoelectric generator set is restricted by the thermoelectric generator set,
the thermoelectric unit has two aspects of power supply and heat supply simultaneously, considers the upper and lower limits of output, considers the restraint of the upper and lower limits of output and thermal output simultaneously, and the upper and lower limits of output are restrained as follows:
and (3) electric output upper and lower limit restraint:
and (3) restraining an upper limit and a lower limit of thermal output:
electric climbing restraint:
-Δdi,down≤PR,i,t-PR,i,t-1≤Δdi,up
and (3) hot climbing restraint:
-Δhi,down≤HR,i,t-HR,i,t-1≤Δhi,up
in the formula:
the maximum and minimum electric output of the thermoelectric unit i are respectively;
the upper limit value of the thermal output of the thermal power unit i is set; Δ di,up,-Δdi,downThe electric output of the thermoelectric unit i is limited by climbing up and down; Δ hi,up,-Δhi,downThe thermal output of the thermoelectric unit i is limited by climbing up a slope and limited by climbing down the slope respectively;
3) wind turbine generator system restraint:
in the formula:
predicting output of the wind turbine generator i at the moment t;
step 3-2-3, the operation of the heat accumulating type electric boiler is restricted:
1) electric boiler restraint:
in the formula:
the maximum electric power allowed by the electric boiler for the period t;
and (3) operation restraint of the heat storage device:
in the formula: sH,tHeat storage capacity at time t;
maximum heat storage capacity;
maximum heat storage and release power;
step 3-3, cooperative alliance revenue allocation based on Shapley value, assuming that in cooperative game (N, v), for each participant i, a revenue x is giveniForming an n-dimensional vector X ═ (X)1,x2...,xn)，
And satisfies the following conditions:
then, X is (X)1,x2...,xn) The method is a method for distributing the alliance income, and the profit distribution equation of each participant is as follows:
W(S)＝(|S|-1)！(n-|S|)！/n！
in the formula: s is all alliance sets containing the element i; n is a set of N members; the | S | is the number of the elements of the alliance S; v (S) collaborate for all federations containing element i; v (S \ i) is all federation cooperative earnings not containing element i; w (S) assigning coefficients to the respective average contributions;
and 4, step 4: determining an electric boiler start-stop control strategy and a heat storage and release model of a heat storage device;
and 5: and optimizing and solving the scheduling model by using the objective function and the constraint condition to obtain an optimized scheduling model.
2. The method for improving the wind power consumption based on the cooperative game as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat accumulating type electric boiler of the step 1 utilizes the wind abandoning amount to realize heat supply, and is matched with the thermoelectric unit to meet the heat load balance, and the electric capacity for the electric boiler, the working mode of the heat accumulating device and the output of the thermoelectric unit are continuously adjusted according to the wind abandoning amount.
3. The method for improving the combined heat and power dispatching of the wind power consumption based on the cooperative game as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 4 is as follows:
in the combined heat and power dispatching, a plurality of 0-1 integer optimization variables are introduced to reflect the heat storage and discharge states of the start-stop and heat storage devices of the electric boiler, and the electric boiler has 2 different operation states: 1) starting state, defining state variable as u (t), and its value is 1; 2) a stop state, the state variable of which is defined as v (t), and the value of which is 0; the thermal storage device has 2 different operating states: 1) heat storage state, mut1 is ═ 1; 2) exothermic state, μt＝0；
Step 4-1, starting an electric boiler start-stop control strategy, and starting the electric boiler to adjust peak in the period with residual heat space and waste air
The mark with remaining thermodynamic space is defined as:
the signature with wind curtailment is defined as:
in the formula: hRe,t＝Pqf,t0 represents that no residual thermodynamic space and no wind power are available at the moment t; hRe,t＝Pqf,t1 represents that the residual thermodynamic space and the abandoned wind power are available at the moment t;
the electric boiler start-stop sign is defined as:
in the formula: sEBThe method is characterized in that the method is in an electric boiler start-stop state, 0 is stop, and 1 is start;
the power consumption and the heat output of the electric boiler are in a direct proportional relation, the heat production quantity of the electric boiler can be increased along with the increase of the power consumption of the electric boiler, and the heat supply output formula of the electric boiler is defined as follows:
HEB,t＝PEB,tηEBSEB
in the formula: pEB,tConsuming electric power for the electric boiler at the time t; etaEBTaking 95% as the electric heat conversion efficiency of the electric boiler;
step 4-2, a heat storage device model is adopted, when the air volume is large, the output of the electric boiler is improved, at the moment, the heating capacity exceeds the heat load demand, and the heat storage device is in a heat storage state, mut1 is ═ 1; when the waste air volume is small or no waste air exists, and the output of the electric boiler is matched with the thermoelectric unit to not meet the thermal load requirement, the heat storage device is in a heat release state mut＝0；
The thermal storage device external heat output is defined as:
in the formula: hstor_in,t,Hstor_out,tRespectively expressed as the storage power and the heat release power of the heat storage device at the moment t; mu.stIndicating the heat storage state of the heat storage apparatus at time t, mutWhen 1 indicates that the heat storage device is in a heat storage state, μtWhen the value is 0, the heat storage device is in a heat release state; gamma raystor_in,t,γstor_out,tThe storage efficiency and the heat release efficiency of the heat storage device at the moment t are respectively shown.
4. The method for improving the combined heat and power dispatching of the wind power consumption based on the cooperative game as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 5 is as follows:
step 5-1, introducing dynamic inertia weight and compression factor to improve a particle swarm algorithm, and supposing that a population X is formed by m particles in a D-dimensional search space, wherein the ith particle is expressed as X of a D-dimensional vectori(ii) a For each particle i, it consists of 3D-dimensional vectors, respectively the current position XiHistorical optimum position PbestiAnd velocity Vi(ii) a In each iteration process, the particle will update its own velocity and position through the individual extremum and the population extremum, i.e.:
xis(t+1)＝xis(t)+vis(t+1)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is a compression factor; omega is the inertial weight; t is the current iteration number; 1,2, … m, S1, 2, … S; c. C1And c2Is an acceleration factor; r is1And r2Is distributed in [0,1 ]]A random number of intervals;
in the velocity update formula, a contraction factor is added, and the compression factor is:
a typical extraction method is adopted: get c1＝c22.05, C4.1, shrink factor
Is 0.729;
in solving, ω is defined as:
ω(s)＝ωstart(ωstart-ωend)*(S-s)/s
wherein, ω isstartIs the initial inertial weight; omegaendThe inertial weight when the iteration times are maximum; s is the maximum iteration number;
step 5-2, model solution
Solving the model by using an improved particle swarm algorithm; the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) initializing particles, and solving a local optimal solution and a global optimal solution of each particle according to the actual climate environment, user data and component parameters;
2) calculating the fitness of each particle, and judging whether the particles meet the constraint;
3) comparing the particle adaptation value with the individual optimal solution pbest thereof, wherein if the particle adaptation value is better than the pbest, the pbest is the current particle position; comparing the pbest of the particle with the global optimal solution gbest, and if the pbest of the particle is better than the gbest, taking the pbest of the particle as the gbest;
4) updating the speed and position of the particles;
5) and continuing iteration until the maximum iteration times is reached, and outputting a result.
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