Cereal pulp density on-line control pulping system and cereal pulping method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grain processing, in particular to a grain pulp density on-line control pulping system and a grain pulping method.
Background
The Chinese traditional snack which is popular in rice dumplings, rice cakes and the like is prepared by taking glutinous rice as a main raw material, taking the rice dumplings as an example, and the traditional preparation method is that the glutinous rice is firstly ground into flour, then the glutinous rice flour is mixed into dough, and then the glutinous rice dough is used for preparing the rice dumplings.
Along with the improvement of the mechanization degree of food processing, glutinous rice can be processed into glutinous rice balls with constant speed frozen food on a large scale, but at present, the current processing mode of food factories still comprises the steps of making or purchasing glutinous rice flour, mixing the glutinous rice flour with dough, and then processing the dough into glutinous rice balls and the like through a machine, and although the processes of grinding, kneading dough and the like are easy and a lot of with the aid of machinery, the mode of making dough on a large scale still has the following defects:
first, the nutrient components such as proteins in glutinous rice are seriously lost or destroyed. The processing process flow of the glutinous rice flour comprises the following steps: glutinous rice, soaking, grinding, sieving, press filtration, crushing, drying, packaging, and obtaining finished products, wherein the procedures are multiple, the energy consumption is high, and a large amount of protein in the glutinous rice is lost in the press filtration process.
Second, because filter pressing can lead to a large amount of proteins in glutinous rice to lose in entering the water of discharging after glutinous rice crocus for discharge a large amount of sewage that contains protein, the sewage treatment degree of difficulty that contains protein is big and the energy consumption is high.
Thirdly, in the process of drying the glutinous rice flour, the fragrance in the glutinous rice is lost, and the prepared food also has no fragrance, so that the taste of the processed food is poor.
Fourth, the cost is high and the quality of the purchased glutinous rice flour is difficult to guarantee. Because the glutinous rice flour is processed by glutinous rice, the price of the glutinous rice flour is higher than that of glutinous rice, and a large amount of purchased glutinous rice flour is difficult to verify the quality of the glutinous rice flour.
Similar situation exists for other cereal processing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an online control pulping system and a cereal pulping method for cereal pulp density, which solve the technical problems of poor taste, high processing cost and high pollution energy consumption of glutinous rice foods in the prior art.
To solve the above technical problem, a first aspect of the present invention is:
the online control system for the density of the cereal pulp is designed and comprises a pulping machine, a feeding machine and a water supply device, wherein the feeding machine and the water supply device are respectively used for conveying cereal and water into the pulping machine, and a densimeter or/and a densimeter are used for measuring the density degree of the cereal pulp ground by the pulping machine, so that the feeding speed of the feeding machine and/or the water supply speed of the water supply device are controlled according to parameters measured by the densimeter or/and the densimeter.
Preferably, a grain pulp buffer hopper for adjusting flow is arranged at the discharge port of the pulping machine, a grain pulp conveying pipe is communicated with the bottom of the grain pulp buffer hopper, a grain pulp density measuring pipe is connected in parallel or in series on the grain pulp conveying pipe, and the densimeter is arranged on the grain pulp density measuring pipe.
Preferably, the upper part of the grain pulp buffer hopper is communicated with an overflow pipe, and the tail ends of the grain pulp conveying pipe and the overflow pipe are communicated into the grain pulp container.
Preferably, the grain pulp conveying pump and the first valve are arranged on the pipe section before the grain pulp conveying pipe and the grain pulp density measuring pipe are connected in parallel or in series, and the second valve is arranged on the pipe section before the grain pulp conveying pipe and the grain pulp density measuring pipe are connected in parallel or in series.
Preferably, the secondary refiner is used for reprocessing the cereal pulp ground by the refiner.
Preferably, the feeding machine further comprises a feedback control device, the feeding machine comprises a conveying auger, the feedback control device comprises a main controller and a motor controller, the main controller receives a density signal measured by the densimeter and feeds back the density signal to the motor controller according to the density signal, and the motor controller controls the motor rotating speed of the conveying auger to control the feeding speed; the main controller is a PLC or a singlechip, and the motor controller is a frequency converter or a servo driver.
Preferably, the pulping machine is a millstone pulping machine, a hammer crusher or a press roller crusher.
The second aspect of the invention is:
a grain refining method is designed, comprising the following steps:
(1) According to the pulping speed of the pulping machine, continuously adding grains and water into the pulping machine according to a certain proportion and speed respectively;
(2) Measuring the concentration or density of the pulp ground by the pulp grinder through a densimeter or/and a concentration meter;
(3) Controlling the rate of adding grain to the refiner and/or controlling the rate of adding water to the refiner, depending on the consistency of the cereal pulp.
Preferably, the cereal is at least one of glutinous rice, wheat kernel, corn, peanut, rice, millet and sesame.
Preferably, the grains are glutinous rice, the glutinous rice is sufficiently soaked and then ground into glutinous rice pulp, and the density of the glutinous rice pulp is 1-1.5 g/cm.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the soaked grains are subjected to normal-temperature pulping by adopting a pulping machine, and the grain pulp density is monitored on line to timely adjust the speed of adding grains or water, so that the gelatinization of the grains caused by the overlarge grain pulp density is prevented, and the damage or loss of nutrient substances is reduced or avoided.
2. The original flavor substances in grains are retained to the greatest extent in the grain pulp, so that the taste of the glutinous rice food is greatly improved, and the grain pulp with the original flavor substances and nutrient components retained can be produced by the on-line control of the grain pulp density in a large-scale processing manner by the on-line control of the pulp grinding system, so that the glutinous rice food with good taste can be industrially produced and processed.
3. The grain pulp and flour can reduce the purchase of grain powder, and the large-scale purchase of grain powder can not lead to the examination of the grain powder in a sufficiently detailed way, so that the quality of the large-scale purchase of grain powder can not be ensured, and the use amount of the purchased grain powder can be reduced, so that the quality of grain food can be ensured.
4. Taking glutinous rice as an example, the processing cost of the glutinous rice slurry is greatly lower than that of the glutinous rice flour, and the manufacturing cost of the dough with equal quantity is greatly lower than that of the glutinous rice food by directly adopting the mode of adding the glutinous rice slurry and the glutinous rice flour to mix the flour, so that the processing cost of the glutinous rice food is reduced.
5. Taking the making of glutinous rice balls or rice cakes as an example, the usage amount of glutinous rice flour is reduced, the sewage amount discharged by glutinous rice flour production is reduced, and the glutinous rice balls or rice cakes are energy-saving, consumption-reducing and environment-friendly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an on-line control refining system for grain pulp density according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of an on-line control refining system for pulp density according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of an on-line control refining system for pulp density according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the grain refining method of example 2 of the present invention.
In the drawings, each reference numeral is intended to: refiner 11, refiner hopper 111, pulp outlet 112, feeder 12, grain hopper 121, conveyor auger 122, motor 1221, decelerator 1222, water feeder 13, clean water tank 131, water pump 132, water feed pipe 133, throttle valve 134, overflow pipe 135, overflow valve 136, pulp buffer hopper 141, pulp feed pipe 142, pulp density measurement pipe 143, densitometer 144, pulp feed pump 145, first valve 146, second valve 147, overflow pipe 148, pulp container 15, secondary crushing pipe 161, secondary refiner 162, pulp tank 163, main controller 171, motor controller 172, 24V dc power 173, 220V ac power 174, and stand 18.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to illustrate the invention in detail, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Example 1:
an online control system for refining of grain pulp density is disclosed in fig. 1 to 3.
As shown in fig. 1, the online control pulping system for grain pulp density provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a pulping machine 11, wherein the pulping machine 11 is a millstone type pulping machine with a grinding wheel, the pulping system is further provided with a feeding machine 12 and a water supply device 13 for respectively conveying glutinous rice and water into a pulping hopper 111 of the pulping machine 11, the pulping machine 11 and the feeding machine 12 are placed on a bracket 18, and the feeding machine 12 is positioned above the pulping machine 11.
The feeder 12 comprises an upper grain hopper 121 and a lower conveying auger 122, an outlet at the bottom of the grain hopper 121 is communicated to a feeding hole of the conveying auger 122, a motor 1221 and a speed reducer 1222 are arranged behind the conveying auger 122, an output shaft of the motor 1221 is connected with an input shaft of the speed reducer 1222, an output shaft of the speed reducer 1222 is connected with a rotating shaft of the conveying auger 122, the rotating shaft of the conveying auger 122 can be driven to rotate by the rotation of the motor 1221, so that the rotation of a helical blade of the conveying auger 122 conveys glutinous rice in the grain hopper 121 into the pulping hopper 111, and the rotating speed of the motor 1221 is in direct proportion to the feeding speed of the conveying auger 122 in the glutinous rice feeding process.
The water supply device 13 includes a fresh water tank 131, a water pump 132, and a water supply pipe 133, wherein the front end of the water supply pipe 133 is located at the bottom of the fresh water tank 131, the water pump 132 is disposed on the water supply pipe 133, the end of the water supply pipe 133 is connected to the refining hopper 111, and water in the fresh water tank 131 is pumped into the refining hopper 111 through the water pump 132 and the water supply pipe 133.
A throttle valve 134 is installed in the water feed pipe 133, and an overflow pipe 135 is connected to a pipe section between the water pump 132 and the throttle valve 134, and an overflow valve 136 is installed in the overflow pipe 135, so that the rate of water feed into the refiner 111 can be adjusted by the throttle valve 134, and if the water feed amount of the water pump 132 is excessively large, the water can be returned to the fresh water tank 131 through the overflow pipe 135.
The manner of feeding the refining hopper 111 is as follows: firstly, the soaked and drained glutinous rice is put into a grain hopper 121, and a sufficient amount of clean water is contained in a clean water tank 131, a water pump 132 of a water supply device 13 is started, a throttle valve 134 is opened, and a water supply pipe 133 is used for adding water into the pulping hopper 111 according to a proper water flow speed; the motor 1221 is started, and the glutinous rice is fed into the grinding hopper 111 through the feeding auger 122, and the glutinous rice and water are ground into a slurry by the grinder 11 while the glutinous rice is fed.
In the process of pulping by adopting the pulping machine 11, in the allowable range of the pulping speed of the pulping machine 11, if the speed of adding glutinous rice into the pulping hopper 111 is too high relative to the speed of adding water, the pulp is too dense to cause the pasting of the pulp into cooked pulp, and if the speed of adding glutinous rice into the pulping hopper 111 is too low relative to the speed of adding water, the pulping efficiency is low, so that the speed of adding glutinous rice and the speed of adding water need to be controlled, and the speed of adding glutinous rice and the speed of adding water are coordinated to avoid the pasting of the pulp and improve the pulping efficiency.
To this end, the embodiment of the invention adjusts the speed of adding glutinous rice or water to the refiner 11 by measuring the density of the cereal pulp from the refiner 11, so that the glutinous rice and water added to the refiner 11 are in a proper ratio. Specifically, the slurry outlet 112 of the slurry grinder 11 is provided with a slurry buffer hopper 141, the slurry buffer hopper 141 is fixed on the support 18, the top of the slurry buffer hopper 141 is open, the bottom of the slurry buffer hopper is communicated with a slurry conveying pipe 142, a slurry density measuring pipe 143 is connected in parallel with the slurry conveying pipe 142, a densimeter 144 is mounted on the slurry density measuring pipe 143, and the densimeter 144 is an online densimeter with the model of TQ889U manufactured by beijing shitong scientific and technological company, and can measure the density of the slurry in real time and output signals related to the density of the slurry.
The pipe section before the grain pulp conveying pipe 142 and the grain pulp density measuring pipe 143 are connected in parallel is provided with a grain pulp conveying pump 145 and a first valve 146, the pumping capacity of the grain pulp conveying pump 145 is matched with the conveying capacity of the grain pulp conveying pipe 142, the grain pulp conveying pump 145 is used for ensuring that the grain pulp has a certain flow velocity in a subsequent pipeline so as to meet the measurement requirement of the densimeter 144, and the pipe section of the grain pulp conveying pipe 142 connected in parallel with the grain pulp density measuring pipe 143 is provided with a second valve 147.
When the density of the slurry ground by the grinder 11 is measured, the slurry conveying pump 145 is not started, the first valve 146 is closed, after a certain amount of slurry is accumulated in the slurry buffer hopper 141, the first valve 146 is opened, and the slurry conveying pump 145 is started, if the grinding speed of the grinder 11 is not kept up, the flow speed of the slurry in the slurry density measuring tube 143 is too slow to meet the measurement requirement of the densimeter 144, more slurry in the slurry conveying tube 142 can be shunted into the slurry density measuring tube 143 by adjusting the second valve 147.
An overflow pipe 148 is connected to the upper portion of the slurry buffer hopper 141, and the slurry feed pipe 142 and the end of the overflow pipe 148 are connected to the slurry container 15. When the refining speed of the refiner 11 is too high to enable the pulp in the pulp buffer hopper 141 to flow out of the pulp delivery pipe 142 in time, the pulp can flow into the pulp container 15 through the overflow pipe 148, preventing the pulp in the pulp buffer hopper 141 from overflowing.
In general, the grain size obtained by first grinding glutinous rice and water by using the refiner 11 is relatively coarse, and the coarse grain size cannot meet the dough kneading requirements, so that the bottom of the grain size container 15 is connected to the secondary refiner 162 for reprocessing the grain size ground by the refiner 11 through the secondary crushing pipe 161, the secondary refiner 162 is connected to the final grain size barrel 163 through a pipeline, the secondary refiner 162 is a high-speed crushing pump with fine grain size, and after a certain amount of grain size is accumulated in the grain size container 15, the secondary refiner 162 is started to crush the grain size again, thereby obtaining fine grain size.
Further, the online control system for grain pulp density according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes a feedback control device, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, where the feedback control device includes a main controller 171 and a motor controller 172, the main controller 171 is an S7200PLC, the motor controller 172 is an MM420 frequency converter, a signal output line of the densimeter 144 is electrically connected to an I0.0 input pin of the main controller 171, and four output pins Q0.0, Q0.1, Q0.2, Q0.3 of the main controller 171 are electrically connected to four digital signal input ends DIN1, DIN2, DIN3, DIN4 of the motor controller 172.
The signals fed back by the densitometer 144 represent the measured degree of consistency of the slurry, and the main controller 171 and the motor controller 172 control the motor 1221 to switch adjustments at 15 different rotational speeds based on the signals fed back by the densitometer 144. In the case that the speed of adding water to the grinding hopper 111 by the water feeding pipe 133 is constant, if the grain pulp measured by the densitometer 144 is too dense, the main controller 171 and the motor controller 172 control the rotation speed of the motor 1221 to be slow, so that the speed of adding the glutinous rice to the grinding hopper 111 is reduced by the conveying auger 122, and if the grain pulp density measured by the densitometer 144 is too low, the rotation speed of the motor 1221 is controlled by the main controller 171 and the motor controller 172 to be fast, so that the speed of adding the glutinous rice to the grinding hopper 111 is accelerated by the conveying auger 122.
The feedback control device further comprises a 24V dc power source 173, the 24V dc power source 173 is used for connecting the 220V ac power source 174, the 220V ac power source 174 is the commercial power, the 24V dc power source 173 converts the 220V ac power into the 24V dc power, the 24V dc power source 173 is used as the power source of the densitometer 144 and the main controller 171 and is used as the control circuit power source of the motor controller 172, the main circuit of the motor controller 172 inputs the 220V ac power and outputs the three-phase ac power for powering up and rotating the motor 1221.
The speed of adding glutinous rice into the pulping hopper 111 by the conveying auger 122 is controlled through real-time feedback, so that the speed of adding water and the speed of adding glutinous rice are coordinated, and the cereal pulp can be prevented from being too dense to be gelatinized on the premise of ensuring the pulping efficiency of the pulping machine 11.
The online control pulping system for the cereal pulp density is not limited to pulping glutinous rice, and can be used for pulping other cereals, such as corn and peanut.
Example 2
A method for milling grains, which can be used for milling rice pulp, referring to fig. 4, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S110: according to the pulping speed of the pulping machine, glutinous rice and water are continuously added into the pulping machine according to a certain proportion and speed respectively. The pulping machine can adopt a millstone type pulping machine, a hammer crusher or a compression roller crusher, and the glutinous rice and the water are ground into the cereal pulp through the pulping machine.
Step S120: the density of the refiner out of the pulp was measured by densitometer. To prevent the uncoordinated ratio of glutinous rice and water added to the refiner, the cereal pulp is too dense to gelatinize, so the degree of dense cereal pulp is monitored in real time by a densitometer.
Step S130: the speed of adding the glutinous rice into the refiner is controlled according to the density of the slurry measured by the densitometer. According to the feedback result of the densimeter, the proportion of the glutinous rice to the water in the pulping machine is adjusted by adjusting the speed of adding the glutinous rice, so that the polished cereal pulp is raw glutinous rice pulp which is not gelatinized.
Furthermore, the grain pulp ground by the pulp grinder can be ground for the second time, so that the grain size of the final grain pulp is finer to meet the use requirement.
In the pulping method, the concentration of the polished glutinous rice pulp is controlled to be 1-1.5 g/cm, and a large amount of experiments prove that the glutinous rice pulp cannot be gelatinized within the density range, the rice fragrance in the glutinous rice pulp is thicker, the glutinous rice pulp is easy to gelatinize if the concentration is too high, the method is not suitable for industrial mass production, the rice fragrance in the glutinous rice pulp is weaker if the concentration is low, the rice fragrance reserved by the glutinous rice pulp is thicker, and glutinous rice products such as sweet dumplings prepared by adopting the glutinous rice pulp and flour have better mouthfeel.
When the glutinous rice flour and the dough are added into the processed glutinous rice flour slurry, the processed glutinous rice flour slurry is fresh and non-gelatinized raw glutinous rice flour slurry, and compared with the glutinous rice flour, the glutinous rice flour slurry has the advantages that the fragrance of glutinous rice is reserved, the loss of nutritional ingredients such as protein and the like is reduced, no sewage is discharged during the preparation of the glutinous rice flour slurry, the energy consumption is reduced, and the environment is protected. Glutinous rice paste and glutinous rice flour are adopted to prepare glutinous rice food such as sweet dumplings, and the like, the taste is good, the purchase amount of the glutinous rice flour is reduced, compared with the glutinous rice flour, the processing cost of the glutinous rice paste is lower, and under the condition of processing the glutinous rice food on a large scale, a large amount of cost can be saved by adopting part of the glutinous rice paste to replace the glutinous rice flour.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various specific parameters in the above embodiments may be changed without departing from the spirit of the invention, and a plurality of specific embodiments are common variation ranges of the present invention, and will not be described in detail herein.