CN109666877A - A kind of high-temperature processing method with low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium alloy - Google Patents
A kind of high-temperature processing method with low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-temperature processing methods with low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium alloy, first pass through low melting point eutectic temperature and fusing point that differential scanning calorimetry determines aluminium alloy cast ingot to be processed；Aluminium alloy cast ingot is put into heat-treatment furnace, temperature is started to warm up from room temperature to more than low melting point eutectic temperature, fusing point is quenched after taking-up hereinafter, then keep the temperature 4-8h；The mass percent of each component of the aluminium alloy cast ingot is as follows: Zn≤5, In≤0.03, Er 0.6-4, Al surplus.The high-temperature processing method of aluminium alloy through the invention, opposite common heat treatment, it can make to be segregated microstructure homogenization, suitable spherodized structure is precipitated, the aluminium alloy handled by the method for the invention, alloy material tissue is more uniform, corrosion potential reduces, corrosion current density increases, and has preferable hardness, anode performance becomes more excellent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminum alloy materials technical field of heat treatment, more particularly to one kind, and there is low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium to close
The high-temperature processing method of gold.
Background technique
The purpose of aluminium alloy high-temperature homogenization heat treatment is to improve mechanical property and the chemical property as anode material,
It can be obtained by dsc analysis with low melting point eutectic tissue, the dsc analysis curve of Al-Zn-In-Er alloy is as shown in Fig. 1, is
610 DEG C, 638.5 DEG C of fusing point.
Al-Zn-In anode material studies have shown that its intercrystalline segregation does not improve, further heating up, can send out
The intercrystalline segregation phenomenon of raw Al-Zn-In-Er alloy is serious, and the presence for being segregated phase influences the mechanical property of alloy, cause crystal boundary and
Potential difference between matrix, so that when as anode material, galvanic corrosion occurs for alloy.It can different journeys by homogenization
The cyrystal boundary segregation for improving alloy on degree carries out generic homogeneous at 535 DEG C of homogenization temperature of general Al-Zn series alloy
When changing processing, cyrystal boundary segregation phenomenon does not obtain the improvement of essence in discovery alloy structure.By Al-Zn-In-Er alloy into one
Step is heated to 610 DEG C or more, and cyrystal boundary segregation mutually greatly reduces in alloy structure, starts to be precipitated with spherodized structure in matrix,
There are not other burning features in alloy at this time.Show that the tissue is the low melting point eutectic tissue of alloy by further investigation,
For the eutectic structure of the compound of rare earth element and aluminium and α phase and In phase, research finds molten by being higher than low melting point eutectic tissue
Point carries out the alloy of high-temperature process, has suitable low melting point eutectic tissue in alloy after cooling, improves the hardness and work of alloy
For anode material chemical property.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: in view of the above problems, provide a kind of with low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium alloy
High-temperature processing method.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of high-temperature processing method with low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium alloy, comprising the following steps:
(1) low melting point eutectic temperature and fusing point that differential scanning calorimetry determines aluminium alloy cast ingot to be processed are first passed through；
(2) aluminium alloy cast ingot is put into heat-treatment furnace, by temperature from room temperature start to warm up to low melting point eutectic temperature with
On, fusing point is quenched after taking-up hereinafter, then keep the temperature 4-8h；
The mass percent of each component of the aluminium alloy cast ingot is as follows: more than Zn≤5, In≤0.03, Er 0.6-4, Al
Amount.
Preferably, be warming up to above 0-20 DEG C of low melting point eutectic temperature, melting temperature hereinafter, after kept the temperature.
Preferably, the heating rate is 2-10 DEG C/min.
Preferably, heating rate is 5-10 DEG C/min when the aluminium alloy cast ingot temperature is lower than 580 DEG C；In the aluminium
When alloy cast ingot temperature is higher than 580 DEG C, heating rate is 2-5 DEG C/min.
Preferably, the preparation method of the aluminium alloy cast ingot includes the following steps:
(1) aluminium ingot is put into crucible, is then heated up；It is raised to 750-800 DEG C, after aluminium ingot all melts to temperature,
Put into Al-Er intermediate alloy；
(2) it keeps temperature-resistant, after Al-Er intermediate alloy all fusing, puts into Al-Zn intermediate alloy；
(3) it keeps temperature-resistant, after Al-Zn intermediate alloy all fusing, refining agent is added, is sufficiently stirred, it is then quiet
Set 10-15min；It is intended that the gas in removal melt, purifies melt,
(4) it keeps temperature-resistant, puts into Al-In intermediate alloy, after Al-In intermediate alloy all fusing, cast,
?.
Preferably, further include putting into appropriate fine aluminium into crucible, be warming up to 750 DEG C before putting into aluminium ingot into crucible,
It is sufficiently melted to fine aluminium, pours the entire crucible of leaching with spoon, be then allowed to stand 15-30min, pour out.It is intended that with melting proof gold
Belong to cleaning crucible, removes other impurity.
Preferably, described cast under conditions of temperature is 740-760 DEG C carries out.
Preferably, the refining agent is C2Cl6, the additive amount of the refining agent is the 0.5- of alloy total weight in crucible
2%.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The high-temperature processing method of aluminium alloy through the invention, opposite common heat treatment can make to be segregated microstructure homogenization,
Suitable spherodized structure is precipitated, the aluminium alloy handled by the method for the invention, alloy material tissue is more uniform, corrosion potential
It reduces, corrosion current density increases, and has preferable hardness, anode performance becomes more excellent.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is cast alloy dsc analysis figure；
Fig. 2 is heat treatment front and back alloy structure figure, and (a) is before being heat-treated, (b) after for heat treatment；
Fig. 3 is heat treatment front and back alloy polarization curve result.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiment is enumerated below, to this hair
Bright further description.However, it is necessary to illustrate, many details listed in specification are used for the purpose of making reader to this
The one or more aspects of invention have a thorough explanation, also may be implemented even without these specific details of the invention
These aspects.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-temperature processing method with low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium alloy, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: alloy melting: by weight percentage, including following component: in addition to aluminum, Zn content is aluminium alloy cast ingot
5%；Indium content is 0.03%；Erbium content is 1%.
(1) appropriate fine aluminium is put into crucible and carries out crucible cleaning and preheating, and crucible is warming up to 750 DEG C, abundant to fine aluminium
Fusing pours the entire crucible of leaching with the iron spoon of coating protective coating, is then allowed to stand 15min, pours out；(2) it is put into all into crucible
Then aluminium ingot heats up；780 DEG C are raised to temperature, aluminium ingot all after fusing, puts into Al-Er intermediate alloy；(3) temperature is kept
It spends constant, after Al-Er intermediate alloy all fusing, puts into Al-Zn intermediate alloy；(4) keep temperature-resistant, in Al-Zn
Between alloy all fusing after, be added crucible in alloy total weight 0.5% C2Cl6It is refined, is sufficiently stirred, is then allowed to stand
10min is skimmed with the iron spoon of coating protective coating；It keeps temperature-resistant, puts into Al-In intermediate alloy；Melt temperature is at 750 DEG C
It is poured, obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot；
Step 2: high-temperature process: aluminium alloy cast ingot being first passed through into differential scanning calorimetry and determines aluminium alloy cast ingot to be processed
Low melting point eutectic temperature and fusing point；It is then placed in heat-treatment furnace, temperature is begun to warm into low melting point from room temperature stage by stage
More than eutectic temperature, fusing point is hereinafter, heat preservation 6h；When temperature is lower than 580 DEG C, heating rate is 8 DEG C/min, and temperature rises to 580
After DEG C, heating rate is 4 DEG C/min；It is kept the temperature after being warming up to 610 DEG C, soaking time 6h；
Step 3: being quickly cooled down: taking out sample, sample is put into ice quenching-in water.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-temperature processing method with low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium alloy, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: alloy melting: by weight percentage, including following component: in addition to aluminum, Zn content is aluminium alloy cast ingot
4%；Indium content is 0.01%；Erbium content is 4%.
(1) appropriate fine aluminium is put into crucible and carries out crucible cleaning and preheating, and crucible is warming up to 750 DEG C, abundant to fine aluminium
Fusing pours the entire crucible of leaching with the iron spoon of coating protective coating, is then allowed to stand 30min, pours out；(2) it is put into all into crucible
Then aluminium ingot heats up；750 DEG C are raised to temperature, aluminium ingot all after fusing, puts into Al-Er intermediate alloy；(3) temperature is kept
It spends constant, after Al-Er intermediate alloy all fusing, puts into Al-Zn intermediate alloy；(4) keep temperature-resistant, in Al-Zn
Between alloy all fusing after, be added crucible in alloy total weight 1% C2Cl6It is refined, is sufficiently stirred, is then allowed to stand
15min is skimmed with the iron spoon of coating protective coating；It keeps temperature-resistant, puts into Al-In intermediate alloy；Melt temperature is at 740 DEG C
It is poured, obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot；
Step 2: high-temperature process: aluminium alloy cast ingot being first passed through into differential scanning calorimetry and determines aluminium alloy cast ingot to be processed
Low melting point eutectic temperature and fusing point；It is then placed in heat-treatment furnace, temperature is begun to warm into low melting point from room temperature stage by stage
More than eutectic temperature, fusing point is hereinafter, heat preservation 8h；When temperature is lower than 580 DEG C, heating rate is 5 DEG C/min, and temperature rises to 580
After DEG C, heating rate is 2 DEG C/min；It is kept the temperature after being warming up to 620 DEG C, soaking time 8h；
Step 3: being quickly cooled down: taking out sample, sample is put into ice quenching-in water.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high-temperature processing method with low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium alloy, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: alloy melting: by weight percentage, including following component: in addition to aluminum, Zn content is aluminium alloy cast ingot
3%；Indium content is 0.02%；Erbium content is 0.6%.
(1) appropriate fine aluminium is put into crucible and carries out crucible cleaning and preheating, and crucible is warming up to 750 DEG C, abundant to fine aluminium
Fusing pours the entire crucible of leaching with the iron spoon of coating protective coating, is then allowed to stand 15min, pours out；(2) it is put into all into crucible
Then aluminium ingot heats up；800 DEG C are raised to temperature, aluminium ingot all after fusing, puts into Al-Er intermediate alloy；(3) temperature is kept
It spends constant, after Al-Er intermediate alloy all fusing, puts into Al-Zn intermediate alloy；(4) keep temperature-resistant, in Al-Zn
Between alloy all fusing after, be added crucible in alloy total weight 2% C2Cl6It is refined, is sufficiently stirred, is then allowed to stand
10min is skimmed with the iron spoon of coating protective coating；It keeps temperature-resistant, puts into Al-In intermediate alloy；Melt temperature is at 760 DEG C
It is poured, obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot；
Step 2: high-temperature process: aluminium alloy cast ingot being first passed through into differential scanning calorimetry and determines aluminium alloy cast ingot to be processed
Low melting point eutectic temperature and fusing point；It is then placed in heat-treatment furnace, temperature is begun to warm into low melting point from room temperature stage by stage
More than eutectic temperature, fusing point is hereinafter, heat preservation 8h；When temperature is lower than 580 DEG C, heating rate is 10 DEG C/min, and temperature rises to 580
After DEG C, heating rate is 5 DEG C/min；It is kept the temperature after being warming up to 630 DEG C, soaking time 4h；
Step 3: being quickly cooled down: taking out sample, sample is put into liquid nitrogen and is quenched.
Test method:
Sample after the heat treatment of Example 2, is processed into Φ 14mm × 8mm.Use Hitachi's SU8020 scanning electron microscopy
Mirror observes alloy structure；Polarization curve is tested by Gamry750 electrochemical workstation.
As a result it and analyzes:
(1) sample tissue is analyzed
Fig. 2 is the SEM picture of quenching alloy after as cast condition Al-Zn-In-1Er alloy and 620 DEG C × 8h heat preservation, before heat treatment
Sample cyrystal boundary segregation is serious, and precipitate is largely in chain and interrupted net distribution on crystal boundary, and fraction is distributed with graininess
In solid solution.In alloy structure after high-temperature process, continuous chain precipitate disappears instead spherical, dotted substantially
Precipitated phase Dispersed precipitate is on α-Al matrix.Illustrate after high-temperature process, the dissolution phenomena that the chain of crystal boundary mutually occurs, with this
Meanwhile spherical phase is precipitated in matrix.
(2) polarization curve is analyzed
Fig. 3 is the electrochemical tests of alloy, and table 1 is the Tafel curve matching value of alloy.As can be seen that as cast condition examination
Sample corrosion potential is minimum, and the corrosion potential of water cooling sample is respectively -1016mV.Compared with cast alloy, after heat treatment
Alloy corrosion current potential has obvious negative shifting.From figure 3, it can be seen that within the scope of Tafel polarization overpotential, the alloy of two states
Anodic polarization curves slope it is smaller, i.e. anode polarization degree is smaller, show heat treatment front and back alloy may be implemented to hold
Continuous active dissolution, and occur without obvious passivation section.Thermally treated sample polarization ratio as-cast specimen is small, and corrosion potential
It is low, active cathodic protection can be played the role of.
Aluminum alloy materials polarization curve before heat treatment that embodiment 2 is prepared and after heat treatment is fitted, is had
Volume data is as shown in table 1.
The fitting result of polarization curve shows compared with cast alloy in table 1, and the corrosion current of alloy is close after heat treatment
Spend IcorrIt increases, corrosion current density Icorr46.31 μ A are reached.Corrosion current density raising illustrates alloy reactivity
Height is conducive to cathodic protection.The alloy material that embodiment 2 is prepared it can be seen from the data of table 1, by high temperature
After reason, obtained alloy material tissue is more uniform, and corrosion potential reduces, and corrosion current density increases, and anode performance becomes
It obtains more excellent.
Table 1
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the principle of the present invention, it can also make several improvements and retouch, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high-temperature processing method with low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(1) low melting point eutectic temperature and fusing point that differential scanning calorimetry determines aluminium alloy cast ingot to be processed are first passed through；
(2) aluminium alloy cast ingot is put into heat-treatment furnace, temperature is started to warm up from room temperature to more than low melting point eutectic temperature, melted
Point is quenched after taking-up hereinafter, then keep the temperature 4-8h；
The mass percent of each component of the aluminium alloy cast ingot is as follows: Zn≤5, In≤0.03, Er 0.6-4, Al surplus.
2. the high-temperature processing method according to claim 1 with low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that: rise
Above 0-20 DEG C to low melting point eutectic temperature of temperature, melting temperature hereinafter, after kept the temperature.
3. the high-temperature processing method according to claim 2 with low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating heating rate is 2-10 DEG C/min.
4. the high-temperature processing method according to claim 3 with low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that:
When the aluminium alloy cast ingot temperature is lower than 580 DEG C, heating rate is 5-10 DEG C/min；It is higher than in the aluminium alloy cast ingot temperature
At 580 DEG C, heating rate is 2-5 DEG C/min.
5. the high-temperature processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 with low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium alloy, special
Sign is:
(1) aluminium ingot is put into crucible, is then heated up；It is raised to 750-800 DEG C to temperature, aluminium ingot all after fusing, is put into
Al-Er intermediate alloy；
(2) it keeps temperature-resistant, after Al-Er intermediate alloy all fusing, puts into Al-Zn intermediate alloy；
(3) it keeps temperature-resistant, after Al-Zn intermediate alloy all fusing, refining agent is added, is sufficiently stirred, is then allowed to stand 10-
15min；
(4) it keeps temperature-resistant, puts into Al-In intermediate alloy, after Al-In intermediate alloy all fusing, cast, i.e.,
It can.
6. the high-temperature processing method according to claim 5 with low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that:
It is put into before aluminium ingot into crucible, further includes putting into appropriate fine aluminium into crucible, be warming up to 750 DEG C, sufficiently melted to fine aluminium, used
Spoon pours the entire crucible of leaching, is then allowed to stand 15-30min, pours out.
7. the high-temperature processing method according to claim 5 with low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that: institute
It states to cast under conditions of temperature is 740-760 DEG C and carry out.
8. the high-temperature processing method according to claim 5 with low melting point eutectic tissue aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating refining agent is C2Cl6, the additive amount of the refining agent is the 0.5-2% of alloy total weight in crucible.
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